Paper 1 [ 50 Marks ] For question 1 to 50, each question is followed by four options A, B, C and D.

Choose the correct answer for each question and blackens the corresponding space in your objective answer sheet. 1. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis and transport of steroids and lipid in the cell? A Golgi apparatus B Rough endoplasmic reticulum C Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D Ribosome

2. Which of the following is NOT true about ATP? A B C D It consists of adenosine and two phosphate group Energy released from respiration is trapped in ATP molecule ATP is needed for muscle contraction and active transport ATP is not needed for facilitated diffusion

3. The following information refers to a molecule X.

Sweet taste Can be crystallized Soluble in water Hydrolysis of molecule X produce glucose and fructose

What is molecule X? A Sucrose B Maltose C Lactose D Starch

4. Which of the following is the example of lipid? I Cholesterol II Phospholipid A I, II and III only B I, II and IV only III Fats IV Steroid C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

5. In the cell organization, the leaf is classified as A a cell B a tissue C an organ D a system

6. Diagram 1 shows the movement of substances J and K into the cell a cross the plasma membrane.

Diagram 1 Which of the following are substances J and K? J Water Glucose Water Potassium ion K Glucose Water Potassium ion Amino acid

A B C D

7. In the human body, active cell division occurs in the following except the A bone marrow B brain C testis D epidermis

8. Statement shows events during prophase I of meiosis PQRSSynapses occurs Nuclear membrane disintegrates Chromosomes become shorter, thicker and clearly visible Crossing over occurs

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of events during prophase I A P, Q, R, S B Q, S, P, R C R, P, S, Q D R, Q, P, S

9. The diagram 2 shows the mechanism of an enzymatic reaction.

Diagram 2

Which of the following characteristics of enzyme is shown in Diagram 2? I II III IV A B An enzyme is required in very small quantities to catalyse a reaction An enzyme is only active when a cofactor is present An enzyme is very specific on its reaction An enzyme is not destroyed by the reaction that it catalyses I and II only III and IV only C I, II and III only D II, III and IV only

10. The diagram 3 shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplast M

Diagram 3 Which of the following structure is a site for light reaction of photosynthesis? A M B N C Q D P

11. Which of the following statement true about dark reaction in photosynthesis? I II III IV It is also known as the Calvin cycle It occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts Reduction of carbon dioxide takes place Water is produced C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

A I, II and III only B I, II and IV only

12. The Diagram 4 shows an experiment carried out to study the factors that affect the process of photosynthesis.

Diagram 4 Which of the following will increase the number of gas bubbles produced in the test tube? A B C D Using a 40 W bulb Using a water bath at 600C Bringing the bulb closer to the test tube Using a bigger bulb but with the same power

13. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis originates from A B 14. carbon dioxide water C the breakdown of ATP D energized chlorophyll

Which of the following food processing technology alters the natural taste and nutritional value of food? A Pasteurisation B Dry spraying C Irradiation D UHT sterilization

15.

The diagram 5 shows the structure of the alveolus in the human body.

Diagram 5 Oxygen and carbon dioxide move through the alveolar epithelium by A B simple diffusion facilitated diffusion C osmosis D active transport

16. The diagram 6 shows the respiratory system of an insect.

Diagram 6 Which of the following statements about the part labeled X is true ? A B C D It has blood capillaries for transporting oxygen It has rings of chitin for maintaining its shape Its end part is always wet with liquid Its wall is made up of several layers of cells

17. Which of the following structures does NOT secrete enzymes capable of digesting carbohydrates? A Stomach wall B Salivary glands 18. C Pancreas D Ileum wall

Which of the following food preservation does NOT require heating? A B Pasteurisation Canning C Using salt D Sterilisation

19.

Which of the following is correctly described when a person exhales after taking a deep breath? Diaphragm A B C D Flattened Dome-shaped Flattened Dome-shaped Internal intercostals muscles Relax Contract Contract Relax Ribs Raised Lowered Raise Lowered

20. Which kingdom consists of species that can convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrites into nitrates? A Protista B Monera C Fungi D Plantae

21. Which of the following soil organisms are not grouped as decomposers?

A Bacteria B Fungi

C Protozoa D Algae

22. The quadrat can be used to estimate the population of A grasshoppers B Pleurococcus sp. C woodlice D earthworms

23. Which substance in cigarettes causes cancer cells in the trachea, constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure? A Nicotine B Nitrogen dioxide C Cigarette smoke D Sulphur dioxide

24. Which of the following may lead to the formation of algal blooms? A Oil spilling into the sea B A lack of oxygen in sea water C A large amount of organic substances in sea water D A high nitrate content in sea water

25. Which of the following lead to the thinning of the ozone layer? I Volcanic eruptions II Carbon dioxide A I and IV only B II and III only III Sulphur dioxide IV Chlorofluorocarbons C I, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

26. The diagram 7 below shows the apparatus set up to show anaerobic respiration in yeast.

Diagram 7 What can be done to modify and improve the experiment? I II Insert an open glass tubing into boiling tube B. Pour a layer of paraffin oil on the surface of the solution in boiling tube A

III Wrap boiling tube A with black paper IV Replace the delivery tube with one which ends are immersed in the two solutions in the boiling tubes. A B I only II only C I and III only D II and IV only

27. Table below shows the types of food and quantity of food taken by a boy in a day. Types of food Rice Roast chicken Fried potato chips Boiled cabbage Orange Milk Quantity (g) 300 200 150 100 200 250 Energy ( kJ per 100 g) 1500 600 1000 50 100 300

The total energy obtained by the boy is A B 3550 8200 C 8450 D 10 450

28. A somatic cell has 8 chromosomes. What is the product after the cell undergoes complete mitosis? A B C D 4 daughter cells with each having 4 chromosomes. 2 daughter cells with each having 4 chromosomes 2 daughter cells with each having 8 chromosomes 1 daughter cells with each having 8 chromosomes

29. Which of the following is NOT a function of liver? A B C D Deamination of excess amino acids to produce urea to be excreted Storage of vitamins B and C Regulation of blood glucose levels Production of bile

30. Which of the following is true regarding a person who has an operation to remove his gall bladder A Digestion of carbohydrate in the duodenum of the patient is inhibited. B The patient should decrease his dietary intake of fats. C The patient should increase his dietary intake of fibre 31. Diagram 8 shows the apparatus used to investigate the level of pollution of a few water samples using methylene blue solution.

Diagram 8 The result obtained are as shown in table 1 below. Water samples X Y Z Time taken for decolourised methylene blue 40 minutes 75 minutes 90 minutes

Which of the following statements is true? A B C D Sample Z has the highest BOD value Sample Y has the highest population of bacteria Sample X is from the most polluted area Methlyne blue indicator has decolourised the organic matter

32. Diagram 9 shows a phenomenon

Diagram 9 What is this phenomenon? A Air pollution B Greenhouse effect C D Effect of ultraviolet rays Thinning of the ozone layer

33. Which of the following is the immediate effect of adding nitrate fertilizer to a pond? A B C D The population of aquatic animals increases The population of microorganism decreases The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) increases The population of algae increases

34. Which interactions are used as biological control methods in controlling the population of pests? I Parasitism II Symbiosis A I and IV only B II and III only III IV Saprophytism Prey-predator

C I, III and IV only D II, III and IV only

35. Which of the following gases causes acid rain? I Oxide of nitrogen II Carbon monoxide A I and III only B II and IV only III Sulphur dioxide IV Carbon dioxide C I, II and III only D II, III and IV only

36 Which of the following is an immediate effect of an oil spill in the sea? A B C D Death of fishes due to lack of oxygen Insufficient oxygen for the respiration of phytoplankton Death of zooplankton due to a decreased food supply Death of sea birds because the surface of the sea is covered with oil

37. Which is true about pioneer plant species in a neglected pond? I They reproduce rapidly to successfully compete with other plant species II When they die, they settle at the bottom of the pond and make the pond shallower III They carry out photosynthesis to increase the dissolved oxygen content in the pond IV They change the abiotic factors of the pond to make it conducive for themselves A B I and III only II and IV only C I, II and III only D II, III and IV only

38. Which of the following adaptations help mangrove plants to overcome problems living in a mangrove swamp? I II III IV A B Having succulent leaves Having aerial roots Having root cells with lower osmotic pressure than the salt water Having the ability to germinate while still attached to the parent plant I and IV only I, II and III only C I, II and IV only D II, III and IV only

39. In many countries, DDT is banned as an insecticide because A B C D it can be broken down by insects it is not readily biodegradable it has less effective in killing insects it can accumulate in the tissues of organisms

40. The assumptions made in the capture, mark, release and recapture technique to determine the population of organisms in a habitat include I II III IV the emigration of organisms is similar to their immigration the random distribution of organisms within the population no births or deaths of the organism during the study interspecific competition for food in the habitat C I, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

A I and II only B II and III only

41. The following diagram 10 shows the distribution of mangrove trees along a sea coast.

Diagram 10 P, Q, R, S are zones in the mangrove area. Which of the following are found in the zones P, Q, R and S? Zone P Avicennia sp. Sonneratia sp. Sonneratia sp. Avicennia sp. Zone Q Brugueira sp. Avicennia sp. Rhizophora sp. Sonneratia sp. Zone R Sonneratia sp. Rhizophora sp. Brugueira sp. Rhizophora sp. Zone S Rhizophora sp. Brugueira sp. Avicennia sp. Brugueira sp.

A B C D

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42. Diagram 11 below shows an environmental phenomenon.

Diagram 11 Which of the following is the phenomenon shown? A Effect of radiation B Air pollution C Greenhouse effect D Thinning of the ozone layer

43. A patient has a large part of his colon removed in an operation. As a result, the patient will not be able to A eat solid food B eat fatty food C absorb digested food efficiently D produce solid faeces

44. A student prepared a quadrat measuring 1m x 1m to estimate the population of Elodea sp. in a pond. The total surface area of the pond is 100m2. The results obtained after putting the quadrat randomly at five different places are shown in table below. Quadrat Number of individuals 1 20 2 33 3 45 4 24 5 23

What is the total number of Elodea sp. plants in the pond? A B 45. 145 725 C 2900 D 14 500

A student observes the reaction of an enzyme at 100C. If the temperature is increased by 100C, the rate of reaction controlled by enzyme will increase A two times B three times C four times D six times

46. Which of the following graphs shows the change in the population of frogs and grasshoppers in a habitat?
Key: Grasshopper Frog

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47. If enzyme are not present in cells, I II III IV the rates of biochemical reactions slow down the activation energy cannot be lowered the bonds in the substrate molecules cannot be broken down food consumed cannot be broken down into simpler forms C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

A I, II and III only B I, II and IV only

48. Which of the following is an example of parasitism? A B C D A bacteriophage infecting a bacterium. Rhizobium living in a root nodules of leguminous plants Barnacles attached to the skin of a whale Pigeon orchids growing on the trunks and branches of trees.

49. Which of the following events occur during meiosis I? I II III IV Crossing over The homologous chromosomes assemble at the metaphase plate Paired chromatids separate Pairing of the homologous chromosomes C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

A I, II and III only B I, II and IV only

50. An athlete runs a 1000 m race. Which of the following changes take place in the athletes body during the race? I Decreased supply of oxygen to the muscles II Increased breathing rate III Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the body tissues IV Increased production of carbon dioxide by the muscles A B II and IV only I, II and III only C I, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

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