CONTENT

NO.

TITTLE

1.0 2.0 3.0

Introduction Problems Statement Fila Table 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 This oil is causing discomfort to the animals? How to reduce waste oil from cafeteria? How the system works the oil filter? How to create an effective filter system 3.5.1 3.5.3 3.5.4 3.5.5 Objective Procedure Where to install? Standard sizes for grease trap.

4.0 5.0

Conclusion References

1.0 Introduction Over two thirds of Earth's surface is covered by water; less than a third is taken up by land. As Earth's population continues to grow, people are putting ever-increasing pressure on the planet's water resources. In a sense, our oceans, rivers, and other inland waters are being "squeezed" by human activitiesnot so they take up less room, but so their quality is reduced. Poorer water quality means water pollution. We know that pollution is a human problem because it is a relatively recent development in the planet's history: before the 19th century Industrial Revolution, people lived more in harmony with their immediate environment. As industrialization has spread around the globe, so the problem of pollution has spread with it. When Earth's population was much smaller, no one believed pollution would ever present a serious problem. It was once popularly believed that the oceans were far too big to pollute. Today, with over 8 billion people on the planet, it has become apparent that there are limits. Pollution is one of the signs that humans have exceeded those limits. How serious is the problem? According to the environmental campaign organization WWF: "Pollution from toxic chemicals threatens life on this planet. Every ocean and every continent, from the tropics to the once-pristine polar regions, is contaminated."

2.0 Problems Statement

The water pollution that involve river, lake, catchments area and many else becoming more serious and this situation are not indicate the recover sign. This shows the third class minded that some individual have for not sensitive and responsibility about the environment and water pollution. Domestic waste water disposal directly to the river is one of the factors that contribute the pollution of water. It is because the water is not undergoing the treatment before release into river. These situations are commonly happened in our country. There are still lacks of seriously attention from all consumers such as residency, schools, shop or restaurants about this system even though many kind of method for water treatment available nowadays. The untreatment water can make a hideous effect to many things such as aquatic live system. The pollution water can kill this live and the system of aquatic live will ruined. The pollution water also can bring disease to human and this is really dangerous for our community lives. Besides that, the pollution also brings the long term negative effect for the environment and this is really anxious.

3.0 FILA Table

FACTS

IDEAS

LEARNING ISSUES

RESOURCE NEEDED/ACTION

Water pollution caused by oil.

The flow of oil into the channel to be controlled.

This oil is causing discomfort to the animals?

Primary sources - Water quality books - Filter system books - Environmental books

Clogged drainage systems.

Waste oil should be filtered at cafeteria to avoid contamination.

How to reduce waste oil from cafeteria?

Internet resources - Department of environmental - Water quality control - Oil filter

Lead to unpleasant odors.

Trying to save the life of water.

What the equipment used to trap the oil?

- The impact on aquatic life

Can destroy aquatic ecosystems.

Maintain water quality.

How the system works the oil trap?

Fuel consumption by households and other high.

Effective use of filters.

How to create an effective filter system.

3.1

This oil is causing discomfort to the animals?

Imagine yourself as a killer whale. You are swimming around when you decide to stick your head out of the water to take a breath. As you are taking a breath, you see a large stream of thick black oil heading your way. You go back under water only to find other animals dying one by one because the oil is damaging their bodies.This is the way some animals must die in the ocean. They die because of an oil spill occurring in their habitat What affects do oil spills have on animals? Birds die from oil spills if their feathers are covered in oil. The bird will then be poisoned because it will try to clean itself. Animals may die because they get hypothermia, causing their body temperature to be really low. They may die from really low body temperature. Oil may also cause the death of an animal by entering the animals lungs or liver. The animal will then be poisoned by the oil. Oil also can kill an animal by blinding it. The animal will not be able to see and be aware of their predators. If they are not aware of other animals, they may be eaten.

3.2

How to reduce waste oil from cafeteria?

By using Grease Trap 3.2.1 What is a grease trap? Grease trap is a light weight, durable and portable fiber glass tank. It has the latest cutting edge technology that meets municipal engineering requirements and specifications. It can be easily installed in kitchens. 3.2.2 Why grease traps are needed? Prevent kitchen wastes, fats, oils and grease from clogging pipes and sewage Prevent environmental pollution of water ways Environment friendly discharge East maintenance and cost savings

3.4

How the system works the oil filter?

A grease trap works by capturing absolutely everything that goes through the drain, including water, grease, and other solid and liquid matter. A grease trap has two separation basins. The first basin fills with all the matter that is drained from the sink. There, the matter is cooled. When grease is cooled, it congeals, becoming a solid. Both the solid matter and the congealed grease float to the top, leaving the liquid at the bottom of the first basin. Towards the bottom of the first basin is a tube that allows all liquid matter to flow into the second basin. The second basin is used to trap any additional grease that may have gotten through the first basin, so the same process is repeated. The grease trap needs to be cleaned in order to work properly, and it is possible for the grease trap to become too full to function. 3.5 How to create an effective filter system

3.5.1 Objective

i. ii.

To minimize the quantity and proportion of oil and grease in the water body. To improve the quality of surface water runoff after the treatment before its flow river.

3.5.3 Procedure

Installing a sink for water inflow.

Installation PVC pipe under the sink.

For install filter case, measuring PVC pipe at the case by tapping the pen maker.

Tap hole with a knife and saw.

Enter the pipe and glue.

Put the filter divider in the middle of the box and glue by using silicon.

Place the sponge in the filter basket and filter divider

Grease traps are available to use.

3.5.4

Where to install?

A grease trap is a device that is required by law in every restaurant, cafeteria, catering operation and any other commercial cooking facility. It prevents fats, oils, wax and other debris from falling into the city's sanitary sewer system, which helps prevent blockage and overflows that often occur if such things enter the system. A grease trap must be accessible so you can clean it out, but you do not need to clean out a trap in your home as frequently as one in a restaurant. 1. Determine where to install the grease trap. The area must be large enough to fit the trap. The best place for the grease trap is under the sink. The trap will be a large square box that holds up to 40 liters and will need to be cleaned out at least once every 2 years.

2. Connect the grease trap. There are three connections. One is on the upper right side and is connected to the holding tank vent. This will be the vent connection and control the flow of the trap. Use a clean out tee before attaching to the vent.

3. Connect the left connection to the sink pipe. The pipe will come down from the sink and loop up to another pipe that is straight. Connect the grease trap to the pipe that goes down from the straight pipe.

4. Attach the bottom right opening of the grease trap to the sewer pipe. This will send the liquid to the sewage system.

5. Run hot water after any greasy liquid or food goes down the drain. This will help the grease trap work better and last longer between cleanings.

3.5.5 Standard sizes for grease trap.

Capacity Sink (gallons) Flowrat e (minute) Pipe Size (mm) Maximum grease & waste water trap Maximum Capacity untill overflow

Daily Meals

Grease Trap Size

Suggested

1-8

12 GPM up to 40

1" 1/4

20"(L) x 10"(W) x 12 "(H) (inch) 508 (L) x 254(W) x 304(H) (mm) 24"(L) x 12"(W) x 12"(H) (inch) 609 (L) x 304 (W)x 304(H) (mm) 30"(L) x 14" (W) x 12"(H) (inch) 762 (L) x 355 (W)x 304(H) (mm) 26" (L) x 16" (W) x 22" (H) (inch) 650 (L) x 410"(W) x 560"(H) (mm) 28"(L) x 18" (W) x 24" (H) (inch) 700 (L) x 450"(W) x 600"(H) (mm) 32" (L) x 22" (W) x 25" (H) (inch) 800 (L) x 520 (W) x 630 (H) (mm) 39"(L) x 28" (W) x 25" (H) (inch) 1000 (L) x 710 (W) x 630 (H) (mm) 39"(L) x 34" (W) x 33" (H) (inch) 1200 (L) x 860 (W) x 840 (H) (mm) 55" (L) x 36" (W) x 37" (H) 1400 (L) x 910 (W) x 940 (H) (mm) 63" (L) x 40" (W) x 42" (H) (inch) 1600 (L) x 1010 (W) x 1060 (H) (mm)

Apartment

24 Liter

39 Liter

8-20

15 GPM

40 to 150

1" 1/4

Kopitiam / Cafeteria

30 Liter

57 Liter

20-30

20 GPM

150 to 250

1" 1/2

R.Mamak / Workshop

45 Liter

80 Liter

30-50

25 GPM

250 to 300

3"

R.Mamak / Workshop

93 Liter

149 Liter

50-70

35 GPM

300 to 400

3"

R.Mamak / Workshop

122 Liter

189 Liter

70-80

50 GPM

400 to 600

3"

R.Mamak / Workshop

174 Liter

262 Liter

80-90

75 GPM

600 to 1000

4"

R.Mamak / Workshop

279 Liter

447 Liter

90-100

100 GPM

1000 to 2200

4"

Kanteen

622 Liter

866 Liter

> 100

150 GPM

2200 to 3200

4"

Kanteen

896 Liter

1197 Liter

> 100

200 GPM

3200 to 4400

6"

Kanteen

1248 Liter

1712 Liter

4.0 Conclusion In conclusion, the grease trap that we produce is suitable for use by operators of food because it can help to care of the environment by reducing water pollution in terms of discharge of oil into a river. In addition, it can prevent kitchen wastes, fats, oils and grease from clogging pipes and sewage, prevent environmental pollution of water way, environment friendly discharge and east maintenance and cost savings We would like to suggest to the authorities to require all food premises are equipped with fuel filters to keep the environment clean.

5.0 References 1. Handbook of Hospitality Strategic Management By Michael Olsen, Jinlin Zhao 2. Environmental engineering By Joseph A. Salvato, Nelson Leonard Nemerow, Franklin J. Agardy 3. Elements Of Civil Engineering By Bhargab Mohan Das, Das Madan Mohan Saikia Mimi Das 4. Facility Piping Systems Handbook: For Industrial, Commercial, and Healthcare ... By Michael Frankel