CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1

Frequency Distribution

A sample size of fifty (40) respondents; were randomly selected for this study. Based on the sample size, a total of 40 questionnaires were dispatched to respondents in integrated micro finance bank. 25 questionnaires were returned. This reflects a return rate of 62.5%. Thus, a total seventy one (25) questionnaires was used for the analysis and drawing of relevant inferences. The frequency distribution and appraisal using simple percentages are presented below: Table 4.1 Gender Distributions of Respondents
Gender Frequency Valid Male Female Total 23 2 25 Percent 92.0 8.0 100.0 Valid Percent 92.0 8.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 92.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS From table 4.1, there were 23 male respondents and 2 female respondents respectively. These further depict 92% male and 8% female respondents.

Table 4.2

Age Distribution of Respondents

Age Frequency Percent 13 9 3 25 52.0 36.0 12.0 100.0 Valid Percent 52.0 36.0 12.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 52.0 88.0 100.0

Valid

31-40 years 41-50 years 51 years and above Total

Source: output of SPSS.

Table 4.2 above shows the frequency distribution of the age of respondents. As shown on the frequency distribution table the ages captured in the research work were: ages 31-40 years with 13 respondents, 41-50 years with 9 respondents, and 51 years and above with 3 respondents. The percentages of these age groups are: 52%, 36%, and 12%. Table 4.3 Marital Statuses of Respondents
Marital Status Frequency Valid Married 25 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.3 shows the frequency distribution of marital status of respondents. 100% were married. Table 4.4 Educational Qualification of Respondents
Educational Qualification Frequency Valid BS.c/HND M.Sc/MBA others Total 13 11 1 25 Percent 52.0 44.0 4.0 100.0 Valid Percent 52.0 44.0 4.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 52.0 96.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.4 shows the frequency distribution of educational qualification of respondents. 44% owned post graduate qualifications which constitute M.Sc/M.BA holders, 52% were HND/B.Sc holders, while 1% owned other qualifications. 4.2 RESPONDENTS OPINION ON ORGANISATIONS INVESTMENT DECISION

The following keys are used in the section below: SD = strongly disagree, D = Disagree, U = Undecided, A = Agree, SA = strongly agree

Table 4.5

Respondents Opinion on the level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy

The level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 1 17 2 3 2 25 Percent 4.0 68.0 8.0 12.0 8.0 100.0 Valid Percent 4.0 68.0 8.0 12.0 8.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 4.0 72.0 80.0 92.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.5 showed respondents opinion on the level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy. The output showed that 20% of respondents agreed that the level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy. 72% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is not commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy Table 4.6 Respondents Opinion on there exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media
There exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 1 2 2 12 8 25 Percent 4.0 8.0 8.0 48.0 32.0 100.0 Valid Percent 4.0 8.0 8.0 48.0 32.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 4.0 12.0 20.0 68.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.6 showed respondents opinion on there exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media. The output showed that 80% of respondents agreed that there exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media. 12% disagreed with this

proposition. This affirms that the there exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media. Table 4.7 Respondents Opinion on the bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has impeded the coverage of proceeding by print media
The bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has impeded the coverage of proceeding by print media Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 5 8 6 5 1 25 Percent 20.0 32.0 24.0 20.0 4.0 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 32.0 24.0 20.0 4.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 52.0 76.0 96.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.7 showed respondents opinion on Respondents Opinion on the bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has impeded the coverage of proceeding by print media. The output showed that 24% of respondents agreed that the bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has impeded the coverage of proceeding by print media. 52% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has not impeded the coverage of proceeding by print media. Table 4.8 Respondents Opinion on the poor level of coverage by the print media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings
The poor level of coverage by the print media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 1 3 2 8 11 25 Percent 4.0 12.0 8.0 32.0 44.0 100.0 Valid Percent 4.0 12.0 8.0 32.0 44.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 4.0 16.0 24.0 56.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS.

Table 4.8 showed respondents opinion on Respondents Opinion on the poor level of coverage by the paper media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings. The output showed that 76% of respondents agreed that the poor level of coverage by the print media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings. 16% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the poor level of coverage by the paper media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings Table 4.9 Respondents Opinion on the legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process
The legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 1 4 2 6 12 25 Percent 4.0 16.0 8.0 24.0 48.0 100.0 Valid Percent 4.0 16.0 8.0 24.0 48.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 4.0 20.0 28.0 52.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.9 showed respondents opinion on Respondents Opinion on the legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process. The output showed that 72% of respondents agreed that the legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process. 20% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process

Table 4.10

Respondents Opinion on there exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion

There exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion Frequency Valid D U A SA Total 6 6 6 7 25 Percent 24.0 24.0 24.0 28.0 100.0 Valid Percent 24.0 24.0 24.0 28.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 24.0 48.0 72.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.10 showed respondents opinion on there exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion. The output showed that 52% of respondents agreed that there exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion. 24% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that there exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion. Table 4.11 Respondents Opinion on a virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance
A virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance Frequency Valid D U A SA Total 2 1 18 4 25 Percent 8.0 4.0 72.0 16.0 100.0 Valid Percent 8.0 4.0 72.0 16.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 8.0 12.0 84.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.11 showed respondents opinion on a virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance. The output showed that 88% of respondents agreed that A virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance. 8% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that a virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance.

Table 4.12

Respondents Opinion on the stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has impeded coverage by the print media

The stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has impeded coverage by the print media Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 3 4 1 5 12 25 Percent 12.0 16.0 4.0 20.0 48.0 100.0 Valid Percent 12.0 16.0 4.0 20.0 48.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 12.0 28.0 32.0 52.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.12 showed respondents opinion on the stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has impeded coverage by the print media. The output showed that 68% of respondents agreed that the stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has impeded coverage by the print media. 28% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has impeded coverage by the print media. Table 4.13 Respondents Opinion on the print media are constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so
The print media are constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so Frequency Valid SD D U A SA Total 2 3 6 9 5 25 Percent 8.0 12.0 24.0 36.0 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 8.0 12.0 24.0 36.0 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 8.0 20.0 44.0 80.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.13 showed respondents opinion on the print media is constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so. The output showed that 56% of respondents agreed that the print media are constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so. 20% disagreed

with this proposition. This affirms that the print media are constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so. Table 4.14 Respondents Opinion on the poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions
The poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions. Frequency Valid D A SA Total 4 12 9 25 Percent 16.0 48.0 36.0 100.0 Valid Percent 16.0 48.0 36.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 16.0 64.0 100.0

Source: output of SPSS. Table 4.14 showed respondents opinion on the poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions. The output showed that 84% of respondents agreed the poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions. 16% disagreed with this proposition. This affirms that the poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions.

4.3

STATISTICAL TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

Statistical test of hypothesis

A hypothesis will be tested in this research work using the chi square test of hypothesis. The chi square formula is given as follows:

Where:

Following the large sample size involved in this research, statistical software will be used for the analysis. The outputs of the analysis are stated below:
RESTATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS 1

H0: The Legislative functions of Lagos State House of Assembly Legislators have not received commensurate attention from the media in terms of coverage. H1: The Legislative functions of Lagos State House of Assembly Legislators have received commensurate attention from the media in terms of coverage.

Level of significance: 5% level of significance will be used for this research work ( )

Test statistic: As stated above, the chi square test will be applied. Where:

Question 1 to 3 was used to test the hypothesis. Below is the frequency distribution of the summary of these questions:
Strongly VARIABLES (1) The level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is 3 2 17 1 agree Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly disagree

commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of 2 the economy (2) There exist a significance level of biasness in 8 the coverage by print media (3)The bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the 1 legislative function has impeded the coverage of this proceeding by paper media

12

Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence

The level of print media coverage of the proceedings of the legislative function is commensurate to coverage of other tiers/sector of the economy There exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media The bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has impeded the coverage of this proceeding by paper media Total Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E SA 2 3.67 -1.67 0.76 8 3.67 4.33 5.12 1 3.67 -2.67 1.94 11 11.00 0.00 7.82 A 3 6.67 -3.67 2.02 12 6.67 5.33 4.27 5 6.67 -1.67 0.42 20 20.00 0.00 6.70 U 2 3.33 -1.33 0.53 2 3.33 -1.33 0.53 6 3.33 2.67 2.13 10 10.00 0.00 3.20 D 17 9.00 8.00 7.11 2 9.00 -7.00 5.44 8 9.00 -1.00 0.11 27 27.00 0.00 12.67 SD 1 2.33 -1.33 0.76 1 2.33 -1.33 0.76 5 2.33 2.67 3.05 7 7.00 0.00 4.57 Total 25 25.00 0.00 11.18 25 25.00 0.00 16.13 25 25.00 0.00 7.65 75 75.00 0.00 34.96

)(

)(

Decision: From the above computation the calculated value is greater than the tabulated; hence we have enough evidence against the null hypothesis. Therefore, we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis at 5% level of significance. Conclusion: We therefore conclude that the Legislative functions of Lagos State House of Assembly Legislators have received commensurate attention from the media in terms of coverage.

RESTATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS 2

HO: The Legislature has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecision process.

H1: The Legislature has

been well projected to the public for assessment especially

during the predecision process.

Level of significance: 5% level of significance will be used for this research work ( )

Test statistic: As stated above, the chi square test will be applied. Where:

Question 4 to 5 was used to test the hypothesis. Below is the frequency distribution of the summary of these questions:

Variables

SA

SD

The poor level of coverage by the paper media has 11 significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings The legislative has not been well projected to the 12 public for assessment especially during the predecission process

Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence

The poor level of coverage by the paper media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings The legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process Total Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E 23 23.00 0.00 0.04 14 14.00 0.00 0.29 4 4.00 0.00 0.00 7 7.00 0.00 0.14 2 2.00 0.00 0.00 50 50.00 0.00 0.47 Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E 12 11.50 0.50 0.02 6 7.00 -1.00 0.14 2 2.00 0.00 0.00 4 3.50 0.50 0.07 1 1.00 0.00 0.00 25 25.00 0.00 0.24 Observed Expected O-E (O - E) / E SA 11 11.50 -0.50 0.02 A 8 7.00 1.00 0.14 U 2 2.00 0.00 0.00 D 3 3.50 -0.50 0.07 SD 1 1.00 0.00 0.00 Total 25 25.00 0.00 0.24

)(

)(

Decision: From the above computation the calculated value is lesser than the tabulated; hence we do not have enough evidence against the null hypothesis. Therefore, we accept the null hypothesis and reject the alternative hypothesis at 5% level of significance. Conclusion: We therefore conclude that The Legislature has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecision process.

CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS This chapter presents the summary of findings of this study. The Legislative functions of Lagos State House of Assembly Legislators have received commensurate attention from the media in terms of coverage.

There exist a significance level of biasness in the coverage by print media The bureaucratic nature of proceeding in the legislative function has not impeded the coverage of this proceeding by paper media The poor level of coverage by the paper media has significantly influenced public inability to properly access the legislative proceedings The legislative has not been well projected to the public for assessment especially during the predecission process There exist correlation between legislative objectiveness perception of newspaper accuracy and objectiveness in reporting the news and their use of newspaper to generate policy opinion A virile print media is a prerequisite to sound legislative performance The stringent rules and confidentiality of the legislative arm of government has not impeded coverage by the print media

 The print media are constrained in coverage of legislative function due not ineffectiveness of law empowering them to do so The poor attitude of Nigerians towards legislative matters has significantly influenced the unwillingness of the print media to cover legislative functions.

5.2

CONCLUSION

5.3

RECOMMENDATION

5.4

LIMITATION OF STUDY

The research work has critically examined impact of institutional investors on the corporate governance of a modern day company. This aside, the following limitations were encountered in the course of the study: Time constraint

The time available for the research work was limited and this to a great extent was a major deterrent to thorough investigation into the research work.

Work calendar of respondent

Taking cognizance of the work load of the respondent as field personnel, gathering of data was hampered to an extent as relentless effort has to be made to meet the workers. Availability of fund

Financial constraint was a major factor that was encountered in the course of the research as a worthwhile amount was required to execute the project in form of; transportation, printing, photocopying and so on. Poor level of cooperation from respondent

Subject to the work load of respondent, a low level of response was observed as workers have to create time from their tight schedule to attend to questionnaire.

5.5

RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER STUDIES the legislature: a case study of Lagos state

This research work has dealt at length with reporting

assembly. Further research can be carried out on issues and challenges facing the print media in reporting legislative proceeding with emphasis on the ways and means through which these challenges can be addressed.