Ringkasan Kuliah Perancangan Penelitian Biolgi Sel dan Molekuler BI 5191 16 August 2011 Leonita Swandjaja 20611016

Researh is a way of examining your practice, it is done in every professions. More than skill, research should be regarding as a way of thinking. It is in our everyday life that we examine something critically, understanding and formulating guiding principles for a particular procedure then developing and testing new theories. Every professions must lead you to so many questions. The application is varies, depends on the area. Each area will lead to different methods and procedures development (methodology). Research techniques applied entirely in nature are used primarily for professional consolidation, understanding, development and advancement. Research is a way to find answers to your questions, being undertaken within a frame work of a set of philosophies, uses procedures, methods and techniques that have been tested for its validity and reliability, and last is designed to be unbiased and objective. Note: Validity means the authenticity, so that the research is done for something that already has a standard can can be applied to any aspect of research process. Reliability means the quality of the measurement procedure that provides repeatability and accuracy. Unbiased and objective means each step is taken in unbiased manner an drawn each conclusion to the bet of your ability without interesting your own interest. Hence, the degree to conduct a research will also be different in each discipline. Despite the differences among disciplines, the approach is similar. Characteristics of research: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Controlled Rigorous, the procedures used are exact, precise, relevant, appropirate and justified Systematic Valid Verifiable Empirical, based on the gathered information in real life experience Critical, foolproof and free from any drawbacks, essential, crucial

Types of research based on its application: 1. True research: the research that is done for the sake of developing new methods or testing a new theory, usually even the researcher wouldnt know the proper use of the result when the research is done, and even for sometimes after that. 2. Applied research: the research that is done because human need something to increase their life quality. The result of this research usually could be applied directly.

Types of reserch based on its objectives: 1. Descriptive: the research that is used to discribe something. 2. Correlational: the research that is done to comprehence interaction or relationship between two or more things. 3. Explanatory: the research that is done to comprehence why and how a relationship is formed. 4. Exploratory: te research that is done for the first time to experience a new area, pilot study.

Types of research based on its inquiry mode (metode yang digunakan): 1. Structured approach, quantitative 2. Unstructured approach, qualitative

Paradigms of research 1. Systematics, scientific, positicists approach physical science 2. Qualitative, ethnographic, ecological, naturalistic approach social science