1. Introduction: The Sun is an inexhaustible, reliable and non-polluting source of power.

Since the inception of life on earth, the only energy that was available came from the sun. It is only in the last 250 years that mankind has tapped the fossil energy resources accumulated over hundreds of million of years. The time is now approaching when mankind will again depend upon the sun as dominant energy source. We are aware that fossil fuels are not going to last forever. The oil and natural gas may last for another 50-60 years. If the present rate of depletion is not accelerated and worlds coal supply may extinguish in another 250 years. A growing world wide concern for conservation of energy has reignited our interest in ecologically sustainable materials, processes and sources of energy. Of the numerous renewable sources of energy known to mankind, Solar Photo Voltaic or SPV is one that has the maximum potential to supply power for our future needs: Solar radiation is the largest renewable energy source The solar energy is more evenly distributed in the world than wind or bio-mass. Solar energy is consistent It is well proven and demonstrated technology It promises to be most cost effective renewable power at high volumes. In addition the solar photovoltaic technology offers following advantages: No recurring fuel cost Clean, silent and no moving parts Modular, Reliable with Low Maintenance Environmentally sound, does not contribute to greenhouse gas emission. ISO 14001 recognizes use of environment friendly technologies. Can be installed at the point of use and prevents transmission line losses. Solar panels have life in excess to 20 years and can withstand high winds, severe hail impact, high humility, freezing and high ambient temperatures.

Typical Proposal at a Glance: 2.72kWp Stand Alone Solar Power Plant to power the loads as indicated below: For 2.72 KWp : 5.6KWHr/day or 700W of Electrical Load for 8hours/day typical 2. Array Capacity: 2.72kWp Standard Solar Panels (BP3170) 3. Battery Capacity: Sized to provide 2 No Sun days of autonomy. That is in the AC hybrid mode the system will provide three times the mentioned back time. 4. Type of system: 100% solar power system with option of charging from grid 5. Control: DSP/Microprocessor based Power Conditioning Unit (PCU) consisting of MPPT Solar charger, inverter and charger 6. Data monitoring and status: Through in-built RS232 interface Unit when connected to a computer Technical Offer Scope of Work: The following section of the document describes the Solar PV Power Plant proposed for This job involves by means of the enclosed specification, design, manufacture, supply, installation, commissioning of the Solar PV System with 1 year warranty period. The Scope of Work shall include the following, Design, manufacture, supply of Solar PV System Detailed planning of smooth execution of the project Performance testing of the complete system Warranty of the system for 1 year faultless operation. After sales service Risk liability of all personnel associated with implementation and realization of the project Assumption on the Proposal The module capacity/generation is proposed on the basis of space available typically 15sq.m /KWp The proposed structures are fixed facing south at a tilt.

 The Power Conditioning Unit, Battery Bank & junction boxes are housed inside the building and sufficient space with adequate cross ventilation is available. System description The Photovoltaic (PV) system consists mainly of 4 (four) components: The PV array of Solar Panels Module Mounting Structure for PV panels Battery Bank Power Conditioning Unit The PV array converts the light energy in to sunlight to direct current (DC) power. The Battery Bank is charged by Solar Array. The charging of Battery Bank is controlled by Power Conditioning Unit to prevent excessive discharge or overcharge. The Battery Bank is designed to provide load energy requirement for minimum of 2 days in the event of no sunshine / cloudy. The Battery bank can be discharged up to 80% of DOD (Depth of Discharge) to get desired back-up. The DC Power of Battery Bank is converted in to AC Power by inverter housed in PCU to Power the Loads. Inter connecting cables are used to interconnect the Solar Modules, Junction Boxes, Charge Controller, PCU and Battery Bank. Typical Solar PV System:

PCU
M P P T ACDB

Battery Bank

AC Loads

Grid or DG

Fig: System Schematic The PV installation comprises of 170Wp PV panels as well as Standard Solar Panels. The 170Wp multi crystalline panels used are grouped in an optimum number of series parallel strings with module-to module cable connections. The modules are held fixed on structures made of Galvanised/painted MS structures. The modules are inclined at a tilt to horizontal facing due south.

Output distribution: DC AC Inverter converts DC energy produced by the solar array to AC energy. The inverter of the power conditioning unit generates 230V, single phase, 50Hz for 10KVA or lower output which can be used to power the domestic loads like lighting, fan, computers & printer and other ac operated electrical loads.

Earthing and Surge protection: The array structure of the PV yard shall be grounded properly using adequate number of earthing pits. All metal casing / shielding of the plant shall be thoroughly grounded to ensure safety of the power plant. Surge protection: The SPV system shall be provided with Metal Oxide Varistors (Inside Array Junction Box & Power Conditioning Unit) for over voltage protection. The main aim in this protection shall be to reduce the over voltage to a tolerable value before it reaches the PV or other sub system components. The source of over voltage can be lightning, atmosphere disturbances etc.

Main Components of Solar Power System

PV Panels: The BP 3170 modules incorporate the one of the worlds most efficient commercially available solar cells and are manufactured using proven industry standard materials and lamination techniques and consist of: 72 carefully matched 125mm multicrystalline silicon cell laminated between sheet of -Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) and high transmissivity 3mm tempered glass. All solar cells are redundantly interconnected in series to increase integrity. Back layer of Polyester Encapsulant EVA - ensures environmental protection & optimises thermal & electrical performance. The BP 3170 output is via heavy-duty AWG 12 (4mm2) output cables with polarized weatherproof DC rated connectors, which provide low resistance connections. This eliminates wiring errors and speeds installation.

Fig: Solar Module

Mechanical Characteristics

Dimensions: 1593 X 790 X 50 mm Weight: 15.4 kg Cell Layout: 12 x 6 Construction: Front: High Transmission 3 mm tempered glass Rear: Polyester Encapsulant Clear anodized universal frame

Electrical Characteristics Typical characteristics showing performance at different temperatures

BP 3170: Maximum power (Pmax ) Voltage at Pmax (Vmp) Current at Pmax (Imp) Warranted minimum Pmax Short- circuit current (Isc) Open circuit voltage (Voc) Temperature coefficient of Isc Temperature coefficient of Voc Temperature coefficient of power NOCT 170 W 35.8 V 4.75A 164.9 W 5.2 A 44.2V (0.065+/-0.015)%/C -(160+/-20) mV/C -(0.5+/-0.05)%/C 47+/-2C

BATTERY BANK

Design: Photo voltaic Batteries: Very Low maintenance Tubular Lead Acid in 2V cells or mono block as per the arrived capacity of the system as per BOM Large electrolyte volume Low Antimony for high strength, high charge efficiency and low self discharge Battery terminal caps are provided to prevent accidental short circuit Micro porous vent plugs with float guide are provided to indicate the level of electrolyte for users to know when the battery has to be topped up. IS 1651 relevant clauses are complied as suitable for solar batteries Hard rubber container Flame arresting explosion proof ceramic vent plug Special additives to minimize surface evaporation and reduce sulphation

Technical Features Make Capacity Self Discharge Charge Efficiency Topping up frequency : TATA BP SOLAR : To meet 2 days no sun operation in standalone mode : < 3% per month at 20 deg.C : >93% up to 70% state of charge : Once in 12 months

Cycle Life 7200 cycles at 10% DOD (equating to a cycle life of 19.7 years) 3000 cycles at 50% DOD (equating to a cycle life of 8.2 years) 1500 cycles at 80% DOD (equating to a cycle life of 3.3 years)

POWER CONDITIONING UNIT Make: Tata BP Solar or Reputed equivalent

What is Power Conditioning Unit? PV array produces DC energy. The DC energy, thus produced has to be stored in Battery bank and inverted to get ac power. Power Conditioning Unit (PCU) does exactly do this job using its integrated MPPT solar charge controller and inverter/charger. Additionally it has protection features such as battery over charge, battery deep discharge, inverter over current, output short circuit, over temperature to name a few. It also monitors the set of parameters such as battery voltage, array current, output power and output energy and stores these data into its memory for download by the user. It has user friendly LCD display for programming and view on line parameters. The typical specification is listed out below.
Input Voltage (nom) Vdc Input Voltage (max) Control Charge controller rating kWp Switching device Inverter continuous output rating kVA Inverter Output voltage Vac Output frequency Output voltage regulation 48/96 168 MPPT ( Array charging), PWM 3 kWp single Mosfet 3 kVA 230V, 1-ph 50 Hz +/-1Hz '+/- 3% from no load to full load, from 0.8 pf lag to 0.8 pf lead from minimum to maximum battery voltage

Peak output current Harmonic Distortion Output wave shape Efficiency Ambient temperature Humidity Protection Input connection Battery connection Type of cooling Enclosure construction/Protection

Up to 150% of continuous power for 1 s Less than 3% Sine wave with less than 3% THD from no load to full load at 0.8 pf lag or lead > 90% at full load, >80% at partial load of 50%-75% 0- 50 deg C 0-95% RH Over voltage, over current, battery deep discharge, short circuit, over temperature, battery reverse polarity From MCB From MPPT charger Forced (Temperature dependent) Floor standing IP 21 CRCA metal sheet enclosure with powder coated

Priority of the PCU will be to feed the connected local load and charge the battery, once the battery is fully charged and if the connected load is less or not available the excess generated solar energy will be exported in to the grid (when enabled), if the grid is connected and available with in range of voltage and frequency