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Our Technology and the Theory of Multiple Echo Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement
Test Instead of measuring the time taken for an ultrasonic pulse to travel through a piece of steel and to be reflected back to the source, a method was developed by Cygnus Instruments to measure the time taken for the second and third echoes to be received ignoring the first echo. These second and third echoes occurred as a result of the sound reflecting backwards and forwards between the front and back walls of the steel. This was extremely important as it meant that the time delay being measured represented the thickness of the steel only and not the thickness of the steel and the paint (or other coating). This technique was so successful and accurate that it became accepted worldwide by the marine industry and was adopted by other industries such as oil and gas and the process industry especially when measuring pipe thicknesses.
The diagram above shows which echoes are measured and that the time delays refer to the metal thickness only eliminating the material The Classification Societies (DNV, Lloyds and others) also coating completely. recognise that the results provided by multiple echo thickness gauges are valid for ships surveys to prove the integrity of the ship for insurance purposes and to prove to a new owner that the ship is sound. These gauges also indicate where the thickness of steel has been reduced by corrosion so that the surveyor can determine if the steel needs to be replaced.
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http://www.cygnusinstruments.com/Technology.asp
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