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We worked with the SNP rs333, which contains 32 nucleotides. The allele is positioned on chromosome number 3 of the CCR5 gene and the SNP is a frame shift mutation. The genotype for HIV resistance for SNP rs333 is homozygous recessive. Heterozygotes are partially resistant and homozygote recessives are strongly resistant. The most common genotype for the HIV resistance gene is homozygous dominant with two copies of the DNA code GTCAGTATCAATTCTGGAAGAATTTCCAGACA. The genotype that contributes to the partial resistance of HIV is one copy of the DNA code GTCAGTATCAATTCTGGAAGAATTTCCAGACA. Maximum resistance is present in human beings with no copies of the DNA code. This SNP slows down the progression of the HIV infection disease. People that are heterozygous
typically have lesser rates of HIV infection than patients with the common allele of two copies of the DNA code. Yet this doesnt necessarily mean they prevent complete infection for the long term, but rather simply slowing down the process for heterozygotes. Homozygous are completely immune to the infection.
Occurrence Rate
CCR5 expression and presence is increased in patients experiencing HIV infection. So by knowing that HIV infection leads to a higher amount of CCR5 production than normal, we can measure the expression of CCR5 and use it as an indicator for ones HIV disease progression. In an experiment done by the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), individuals from many different ethnic backgrounds were tested for the rs333 mutation. Out of the 48 Africans and 46 Pacific islanders studied, none of them had the beneficial mutation that prevented HIV. Out of a group of 46 Hispanics, one person was heterozygous for the rs333 mutation, and the rest were normal. Out of 62 Caucasians, 6 were heterozygous for the mutation, which means that they have a lower chance of getting HIV, but none were homozygous recessive.
benefit, almost everyone would want to find out if they had the rs333 SNP. Since the SNP is linked to a decreased risk of type 1 diabetes and an abnormally excessive growth of large blood vessels, genotype awareness could help influence ones diet. By knowing one was at a lower risk for diabetes, they might not fear the disease and eat a sugar high diet. At the same time, learning that ones blood vessels expand beyond normal size, they could seek medical treatment before the trait develops into a problem. For these reasons, most people would want to know if they had the rs333 SNP. One would not be worried of carrying the rs333 SNP. Unlike damaging and fatal traits such as malaria or AIDS, this trait is not a sensitive one to discuss about because it codes for a advantageous frameshift mutation that prevents a person from contracting HIV.