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Reasons for Unethical Behavior: Lack of standards of conduct Different cultural norms and values Behavior-based or relationship-based governance systems Different values between business people and stakeholders
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Moral Relativism claims that morality is relative to some personal, social, or cultural standard and that there is not a method for deciding whether one decision is better than another. Types of Moral Relativism include: Nave relativism: Based on the belief that all moral decisions are deeply personal and that individuals have the right to run their own lives. Role relativism: Based on the belief that society roles carry with them certain obligations to that role. Social group relativism: Based on a belief that morality is simply matter of following the norms of an individuals peer group. Cultural relativism: Based on the belief that morality is relative to a practical culture, society or communities. Kohlbergs Levels of Moral Development:
The preconventional level: This level concern for ones self. Conventional level: This level is characterized by considerations for societys laws and norms. Actions are justified by an external code of conduct. Principled level: This level is characterized by a persons adherence to an internal moral code.
Encouraging Ethical Behavior Code of Ethics: specifies how an organization expects its employees to behave while on the job. This can be useful to promote ethical behavior. Whistle blowers: employees who report illegal or unethical behavior on the part of others. Key Terms in Ethical Behavior Ethics: the consensually accepted standards of behavior for an occupation, trade, or profession Morality: the precepts of personal behavior based on religious or philosophical grounds Law: is the formal code that permits or forbid certain behaviors and mayor may not enforce ethics or morality
Social Responsibility and Ethics in Strategic Business Management Page 2