CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION 1.

1 Authorization The area to be covered under the Proposed Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme is located at Dompe DS division in Gampaha district in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. This project is aimed to supply pipe borne water to Udamapitigama & surrounding water scarcity areas. This proposal is prepared considering water scarcity issue of this area and as per the request made by community organization as well as Political Authority of this area.

1.2 Objectives& Scope The objective of this project is to find out the suitable method to provide potable water to Udamapitigama and surrounding areas. The proposed project is anticipated to supply water to 10 GNDs namely Kalukondayawa East, PahalaDompe, PahalaMapitigama, Morahena,

Kimbulwilawatta, Malwana, Udamapitigama, Udamapitigama South, Welgama, Lansiyahena in Dompe DS division in Gampaha district. Further provisions of water supply facility will provide following benefits, Enhance the quality of the living standard. Increase in the land value and optimizes utilization of lands. Allow water infrastructure to probable industrial zones and centers. Attraction of small scale investors. Increase revenue to NWS&DB. Reduction of water borne diseases due to improved water quality and as a result the reduction of health cost.

1.3 General Description of Project Area Proposed Udamapitigama project area is situated near Kelani River right bank. It consists of 10GramaNiladari Divisions (GNDs) and projected population for year 2012 is about 12844According to the 2001 Census report, Population growth rate of the Gampaha district is 1.9%.Average annual rainfall in Dompe area is about 2000-2500mm. Refer Annex 1.1for Location Map of Project Area.

1.4 Implementation of the Prefeasibility Study Preparation of Prefeasibility report is made by Planning &Design section of Regional Support Centre (Western/North) at Kadawatha under the direction of Deputy General Manager(W/N).

1.5 Limitations of Prefeasibility Study There were many limitations and restrictions occurred in carrying out the pre-feasibility study. The availability of newly updated data is very important when analyzing & projecting the data. The population data was available only for the year 2001. When forecasting the projected population for future demands, several factors have to be considered to determine the growth rate. Many of the data got from SampathPathikada of Dompe DS division in 2005.

CHAPTER 2 -EXISTING WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES

2.1 Facilities of Existing Water Supply Schemes

There is no pipe borne water supply facilities in Udamapitigama & surrounding areas. However there is one community based water supply scheme, namely NadiNimna in the project area covering 140 families of Udamapitigma Grama Niladari Division but this scheme is badly affected during draught season due to water shortage in the source.

2. 2 Present Water Use Practices

Kelani River is the main surface water source present in Dompe DS Division and other water resource available in the area is the ground water. However, due to the high demand for potable water and the quality problems of ground water, it cannot be used as reliable water source because some of the wells in the area go dry during the drought period and also peoples are heavily affected during flood seasons getting quality drinking water.

CHAPTER 3 - HEALTH AND SANITATION ASPECTS

3.1 Health Aspects Local health services, their capability : There is Public health inspector office is at Mapitigama and no government hospital in the project area. Incidents of water related and water : borne diseases There were no records available for water related and water borne diseases, as the monitoring systems was not functioning.

Hygiene habits

Dug wells are used for their drinking, bathing, washing and other water related works are fulfilled by rivers, stream and dug wells. In dry season, there is a shortage of water in dug wells. As a result Community Water Supply Schemes are reported to be not functioned during dry periods and people face difficulties to find water for their day to day activities.

3.2 Sanitation Aspects There is no major Problems on sanitation aspects. Most of the people in the project area have their own water seal toilets. Following chart shows type of toilet facilities used in Udamapitigama and surrounding area.

Chart No.: 3.1 - Households in occupied housing units by G.N. division and type of toilet facility in Udamapitigama WSS- census report of 2001 Other Not using a toilet 1% and Not reported 2% 0% Pit 18%

Pour flush 12% Water seal 68%

CHAPTER 4 - SOCIAL ASPECTS

4.1 Information on the Location of the Project Area Proposed Udamapitigama project area is situated near Kelani River right bank. It consists of 10GramaNiladari Divisions (GNDs) in Dompe DS division.

4.2 Demography The existing demographic data within the project area is given blow. Population (in year 2031) Growth rate House hold size : : : 18366 1.9% 4-5

For the Population details of the area refer Annex 4.1

4.3 Socio-Economic Status Employment Patterns: People are engaged with various employments such as Agriculture, trading, government sector and private sector etc. Income distribution Willingness to pay : : Middle income and Low income Moderate

For the Electricity usage details of the area, refer following chart No: 4.1and Chart No: 4.2for employment details. Refer Annex 4.2 for Samurdhi family details in Udamapitigama WSS area.

Chart No.: 4.1 - Households in occupied housing units by G.N. division and principal type of lighting in Udamapitigama WSScensus report of 2001
Other and Not reported 1% Kerosene 28%

0%

Electricity 71%

Chart No.: 4.2 - Employed population by G.N. division and sector of employment in Udamapitigama WSS- census report of 2001
Unpaid family worker 2% Own account worker 20%

Government 11% Semi government 2%

Employer 2%

Private sector 63%

4.4 Social Issues regarding Existing Water-Use Practices The existing water sources of the project area are dug wells, tube wells, rivers and community base pipe borne water. During the dry period, dug wells get dry in many areas and the people in this area had been faced severe problems for collecting water for their daily needs. However the quality of water in most of the above sources is not up to the SLS standards for drinking water. Households in occupied housing units by G.N. division and Source of drinking water details,refer following chart.

Chart No.: 4.3 - Households in occupied housing units by G.N. division and source of drinking water in Udamapitigama WSScensus report of 2001 Other(Tanks, Tap (Mainline) Tube well River etc.) and 2% 1% Not reported 1% Unprotected well 13%

Protected well/Outside premises 26%

Protected well/Within premises 57%

4.5 Sanitation Services and Personal Hygiene 80% of total population has their own acceptable sanitary facilities. See Chart No.3.1

4.6 Findings from Public Consultations and Hearings, and Stakeholder Consultations Most of the people are willing to get pipe borne water. Most of the present consumers of community based water supply schemes do not like to rely on present supply since source is getting dry during drought period. 8

CHAPTER 5 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

5.1 Legal Requirements for Environmental Impact Assessment EIA is not required to be carried out because existing water treatment plants to be used for supplying water to project area. 5.2 Existing Environmental Situation of the Area The proposed area is situated on the right bank side of the Kelani River. There are shrubs jungles, wetlands, streams, canals etc. The area consists of both sub urban and rural communities. 5.3 Possible Environmental Impact due to the Proposed Water Supply Project This project includes elevated towers, pump house and distribution networks only. Therefore, the proposed water supply project will not cause substantial impacts to the environment. 5.4 Possible Environmental issues Which could Affect Successes and Sustainability of the Proposed Water Supply project The source of this water supply scheme is a Kelani River and it is revealed that upper part of the catchment area is getting polluted due to varies human activities. It is observed that the quality of the water is affected badly and it is monitored by NWSDB under the monitoring programme in Pavithra Ganga for Kelani River. 5.5 Possible Mitigation Measures The catchment protection of Kelani River is considering at national level. However NWSDB is also conducting varies programmes such as Water Safety Plan and also Water Quality Monitoring programmes on this subject. When constructing elevated towers, pump house and laying pipe networks, the adverse effect to the environment is very low.

CHAPTER 6 - TECHNICAL ASPECTS 6.1 Determination of Water Requirement

6.1.1 Identification of Project Area The area consists of 16.45 km2. The proposed area includes 10Nos of GNDs, in Dompe DS Divisions in Gampaha district. The boundary of project area is selected according to the need assessment and requests made by community organizations as well as political authorities.

6.1.2 Assessment of population There is no existing coverage in the project area. Population of the project area is calculated based on the 2001 census population data and taking growth rate as 1.9%. Refer Annex 4.1 for the population projections in each GND in the project area. 6.1.3 Design Criteria and Considerations

The design criteria considered for calculation of water demand and the some of the design considerations to be adopted in detail designs are tabulated below.

Table 6.1 Details of Design considerations in UdamapitigamaWSS Criteria 20 years from 2011 1.90% @2011 819 persons per Km2 @2031 85% of population 15% 5 persons per family 120 lpcd 20%

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Description Planning horizon Population Growth Rate (2001 Census Report) Population Density Population Served Non domestic Coverage Average size of family Water Consumption NRW

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6.1.4 Calculation of Total Water Requirement Design population in the proposed service area @120 lpcd Allowance for non-domestic consumption @ 15% = 281 Subtotal Allowance for UFW @ 20% Total water demand = 2154 = 431 = 2585 m3/d m3/d m3/d m3/d = 18366 m3/d

Domestic consumption (Assuming 85% coverage) = 1873

Total Water Requirement of the project area can be said as 2600m3per day. Table 6.2: Demand details for Udamapitigama WSS 2013 Population Projections Population Served % Demand Projections (m3/d) including UFW 13087 40 866 2016 13848 55 1261 Year 2021 15215 65 1638 2026 16716 75 2076 2031 18366 85 2585

6.1.5 Selection of Lands Acquisition or purchasing of lands for construction of water towers shall be commenced at this stage and procedures to be followed and purchasing or acquisition shall be completed prior to finalization of feasibility stage.

6.2 Water Source Alternatives Kelani River is a main reliable water source in the project area. PaharuOya and KimbulwilawattaWewa are within the project area but it cannot take as alternatives due to very small quantity in drought period. There are two possibilities to convey water to project area therefore Udamapitigama proposed water supply project consider under three options. 1. After completion of Kelani Right Bank project, it is proposed to transmit water to proposed area by extending existing transmission main of Malwana water tower from Karabugas Handiya at Malwana. 11

2. After completion of Kelani Right Bank project, excess water in Labugama and Kalatuwawa treatment plants is proposed to supply to project area by tapping T4 transmission main at Hanwella.

6.3 Proposed Facilities 6.3.1Option I After completion of Kelani Right Bank Project existing distribution system of Malwana water tower is planned to connect directly to supply line from Church hill Reservoir under Towns of North Colombo project. Therefore existing transmission main to Malwana water tower is abandoned. Therefore it is proposed to transmit water by extending above transmission main from Karabugas Handiya to proposed project area under option I. It is planned to construct 250m3 capacity Ground Reservoir, 450m3 capacity Water Tower, H/L Pump house, 6.5Km length of transmission main and 31Km length of distribution mains under Option I. The Key Plan of the proposed Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme Option I is attached in annex 6.1. 6.3.2 Option II It is suggested to transmit water to project area by tapping transmission main at Hanwella under Option II. The proposed project include construction of 450m3 Water Tower, 7.5Km length of transmission main and 32Km length of distribution mains under Option II. The Key Plan of the proposed Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme Option II is attached in annex 6.2. 6.3.3Option III Under the Option III, it is hope to cover project area by using above described both supply. It is suggested to cover Malwana, Kimbulwilawatta, Dompepahala, Pahala Mapitigama, Kalukondayawa East, Morahena area by extending Malwana water tower transmission main. Projected water demand of this area is 1700m3 per day. Welgama, Lansiyahena, Udamapitigama, Udamapitigama south GNDs are covered by tapping Kalatuwawa transmission main. Total water requirement of this area is 885m3 per day. There is only 39km length of distribution mains under Option III. The Key Plan of the proposed Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme Option III is attached in annex 6.3. 12

6.4 Total Cost Estimate Total project costs are summarized to following table.

Option Option I Option II Option III

Total Project Cost (Rs.) 341,964,000 356,355,000 298,742,000

Total Tentative Cost Estimates for Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme Option I, Option II & Option III are attached in Annex 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 respectively.

6.5 Operation and Maintenance Operation and Maintenance of the new Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme will be handled by Manager (TNC) office.

6.6 Implementation Schedule The summary of Total Tentative Cost Estimates and implementation schedule is included in Annex 6.6. 6.7 Economic Aspects There are some social-economic developments to society such as health benefits, time cost saving benefits and increase in land values of the area, promote small scale investors to investment and increase peoples living standards.

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CHAPTER 7 - CONCLUSIONS &RECOMMENDATIONS

There were many requests from politicians, villages and organizations in the proposed area asking pipe born safe drinking water. This area is developing area and people intends to settle down this area because good environmental condition and easy access to Colombo and suburbs. Land used pattern of this area are rapidly changing, lands separate to small lots and sell them. There is a high demand for property developers.

Total project cost of Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme under Option III is lower than other two Options. Therefore, Udamapitigama Water Supply Scheme Option III is recommended to proceed. Further, it is proposed to allocate Rs. 95 & 203million from Capital Budget for the recommended project during year 2013 & 2014 as respectively.

Considering acute need for drinking water and social, economic and health benefits of the inhabitants of the area, implementation of the Udamapitigama water supply scheme can be justified.

References
1. 2. 3. SampathPathikada Dompe DS Division- 2005 Department of Census and Statistics- Census Report in 2001 Gampaha District water supply coverage drawn by NWSDB mapping section

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