SEISMIC FIELD INSTRUMENTS

An impact source was used (Sledge Hammer), which was connected to a sensor into the seismograph (which was used upon a metallic plate as shown in the picture below; the recording instrument used was the ABEM seismograph; Geophones are the seismic ground motion detectors each at a separation of 2m respectively, the connecting cables and a rechargeable battery.

FIELD PROCEDURES

24 arrays of geophones were used in the survey. At first stage, marking of geophone spacing kept at 2m interval along the profile line was taken. Thereafter, the geophones were planted firmly to the ground. The geophones were connected to the recording instrument (seismograph) placed between the 12th and 13th geophone (midpoint of the layout) and the amplifier gains and filters were appropriately set when the recording system was armed. The source is placed at 1m offset away from the first geophone and the first shot is made. Subsequent shots were made in between the geophones. The resulting signals were recorded in seismograph respectively. These signals are stored on the hard disk.

The fig. above shows the base map of the survey area.

DATA PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION

LINE ONE:

LINE 2:

(ms) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Distance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Distance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms ) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Dis tance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms ) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Dis tance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms ) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Dis tance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Distance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(ms) 50

40

30

Traveltime
20 10 0 0 10 20 Distance
S c a l e = 1 / 2 7 8

30

40

50 (m)

(m) 6

1 5 8 7

Elevation

3 6 4

1 4 5 2

1 3 1 6

-4
1 5 8 8

1 1 8 0

1 0 4 4

9 0 8

7 7 2

6 3 6

5 0 0

3 6 4

-14 0 10 20 Distance
S

30

40

50 (m)
c a le =

( m

/ s )

/ 2 7 8

(m) 7

Elevation

-3
1 5 3 3

-13 0 10 20 Distance
S c

30

40

50 (m)
a l e =

( m

/ s

(m) 7

1 5 3 2

1 4 0 1

Elevation

3 4 3

1 2 6 9

-3
1 5 3 3

1 1 3 6

1 0 0 4

8 7 2

7 3 9

6 0 7

4 7 5

3 4 3

-13 0 10 20 Distance
S

30

40

50 (m)
c a le =

( m

/ s )

2 7 8

The materials encountered at the site were interpreted from seismic and from the geology of the area to have the following properties for the TRAVERSE 1 and 2.

TRAVERSE 1 Layer 1 2 V (m/s) 350 1533 DEPTH (m) 4 12 MATERIAL Sand (dry) Sand (Water-Saturation)

TRAVERSE 2 Layer 1 2 V (m/s) 364 1588 DEPTH (m) 4 12 MATERIAL Sand (dry) Sand (Water-Saturation)

MANUAL ANALYSIS

TRAVERSE 1 Layer 1 2 V (m/s) 345 1600 DEPTH (m) 2.4 MATERIAL Sand (dry) Sand (Water-Saturation)

TRAVERSE 2 Layer 1 2 V (m/s) 350 1653 DEPTH (m) 2.5 MATERIAL Sand (dry) Sand (Water-Saturation)

MASW (MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES) Over the last Decade the use of shear wave to investigate the near surface as increased greatly and as been used extensively to investigate voided ground area affected near surface structure, engineering site investigation and to determine the shallow velocity variability of seismic hazard micro zonation

FIELD PROCEDURES

24 geophones were used in the survey. At first stage, measurement of geophone spacing kept at 2m interval along the profile line was carried out. Thereafter, the geophones were planted firmly to the ground. The geophones were connected to the recording instrument (seismograph) placed between the 12th and 13th geophone (midpoint of the layout) and the amplifier gains and filters were appropriately set when the recording system was armed. The source is placed at 1m offset away from the first geophone and the first shot is made. Subsequent shots are made in between the geophones. The resulting signals were recorded in seismograph respectively. These signals are stored on the hard disk. DATA PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION
curve=0 Dist ance=11.500000m

Frequency (Hz)
0.0 500.0 450.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Phase-velocity (m/s)

400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0

Dispersion curve :

curve=0 Dist ance=11.500000m

Frequency (Hz)
0.0 500.0 450.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Phase-velocity (m/s)

400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0

Dispersion curve :

curve=0 Dist ance=11.500000m

Frequency (Hz)
0.0 500.0 450.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Phase-velocity (m/s)

400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0

Dispersion curve :

curve=0 Distance=0.000000m

S-velocity (m/s)
0.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0

Depth (m)

S-velocity model :

The Discussion of the result of Shear Wave Velocity with Depth

DEPTH 0 1 2 3 4

SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY 350 370 420 430 390

RESULT SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry)

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

330 305 300 320 340 350 330 320

SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry) SAND (Dry)