Project Report

On STUDY OF CAREER OPTIONS IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN KALYANPUR AND ADJACENT AREAS As a part of partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award P.G.D.M.

Submitted By Sudhanshu Mehta Enrollment No:- 1268 Futuristic Group

Under the supervision of Mr. Manoj Saxena Faculty In Charge-Market Research Submitted to:

Department of Business Administration

IISE Business & IT School

Lucknow(India)

CONTENTS
TOPIC Executive Summary Acknowledgement Chapter 1-Introduction Chapter 2-Objectives and Scope of study Chapter 3-Research Methodology Chapter 4-Data analysis an Interpretation Chapter 5-Summary of findings Chapter 6-Recommendations Chapter 7-Limitation of the Study Bibliography Annexure PG.NO. 1 2 3-23 24-25 26-30 31-41 42-43 44-45 46-47 48 49-51

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In July of 1991, a new chapter has dawned for India and her billion plus population. This period of economic transition has had a tremendous impact on the overall economic development of almost all major sectors of the economy, and its effects over the last decade can hardly be overlooked. Besides, it also marks the advent of the real integration of the Indian economy into the global economy. This era of reforms has also ushered in a remarkable change in the Indian mindset, as it deviates from the traditional values held since Independence in 1947, such as self reliance and socialistic policies of economic development, which mainly due to the inward looking restrictive form of governance, resulted in the isolation, overall backwardness and inefficiency of the economy, amongst a host of other problems. Despite the fact that India has always had the potential to be on the fast track to prosperity. Implementation of the revised pay scales to be done retrospectively from January 1, 2006. Recommendations relating to allowances to be implemented prospectively. The methodology and the techniques used for the collection, classification and tabulation of data. It sheds light on the research problem, objective of the study, its limitations and the hypothesis that have evolved for the study.

The questionnaires and interpretation of the research through different methods.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Preparing a project of this nature is an arduous task and I were Fortune enough to get support from a large number of persons to whom I shall always remain grateful. I would like to record our gratitude to International Institute For Special Education for allowing us to undertake this project. I am also desirous of placing on record profound indebtedness to Mr. Manoj Saxena, Faculty In Charge of Market Research, of International Institute For Special Education for the valuable advice, guidance, precious time and support that he offered. I would be failing in our duty if I do not acknowledge the gratitude to Mr. Apoorv Verma, Chairman, International Institute For Special Education, who motivate us a lot in carrying out this project. Last but not least, I would like to thank all the respondents for giving us their precious time and relevant information and experience, I require without which this project would have been a different story.

Chapter-1

INTRODUCTION

LIBERALISATION,GLOBALISATION PRIVATISATION
Indian economy had experienced major policy changes in early 1990s. The new economic reform popularly known as Liberalization, Privatization and

Globalization (LPG model) aimed at making the Indian economy as fastest growing economy and globally competitive. With the onset of reforms to liberalize the Indian economy in July of 1991, a new chapter has dawned for India and her billion plus population. This period of economic transition has had a tremendous impact on the overall economic development of almost all major sectors of the economy, and its effects over the last decade can hardly be overlooked. Besides, it also marks the advent of the real integration of the Indian economy into the global economy. This era of reforms has also ushered in a remarkable change in the Indian mindset, as it deviates from the traditional values held since Independence in 1947, such as self reliance and socialistic policies of economic development, which mainly due to the inward looking restrictive form of governance, resulted in the isolation, overall backwardness and inefficiency of the economy, amongst a host of other problems. Despite the fact that India has always had the potential to be on the fast track to prosperity. And having witnessed the positive role that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has played in the rapid economic growth of most of the Southeast Asian countries and most notably China, India has embarked on an ambitious plan to emulate the successes of her neighbours to the east and is trying to sell herself as a safe and profitable destination for FDI. Globalization has many meanings depending on the context and on the person who is talking about. Though the precise definition of globalization is still unavailable a few definitions are worth viewing, Guy Brainbant: says that the process of globalization not only includes opening up of world trade, development of advanced means of communication, internationalization of financial markets, growing importance of MNCs, population migrations and more generally increased mobility of persons, goods, capital, data and ideas but also infections, diseases and pollution. The term globalization refers to the integration of economies of the world through uninhibited trade and financial flows, as also through mutual exchange of technology and knowledge. Ideally, it also contains free inter-country movement of labour.

Indian economy was in deep crisis in July 1991, when foreign currency reserves had plummeted to almost $1 billion; Inflation had roared to an annual rate of 17 %; fiscal deficit was very high and had become unsustainable; foreign investors and NRIs had lost confidence in Indian Economy. Capital was flying out of the country and we were close to defaulting on loans. Along with these bottlenecks at home, many unforeseeable changes swept the economies of nations in Western and Eastern Europe, South East Asia, Latin America and elsewhere, around the same time. These were the economic compulsions at home and abroad that called for a complete overhauling of our economic policies and programs. Major measures initiated as a part of the liberalization and globalization strategy in the early nineties included the following:

Devaluation: The first step towards globalization was taken with the announcement of the devaluation of Indian currency by 18-19% against major currencies in the international foreign exchange market. Disinvestment-In order to make the process of globalization smooth, privatization and liberalization policies are moving along as well. Under the privatization scheme, most of the public sector undertakings have been/ are being sold to private sector . At present, only six industries are under compulsory licensing mainly on accounting of environmental safety and strategic considerations. A significantly amended locational policy in tune with the liberalized licensing policy is in place. No industrial approval is required from the government for locations not falling within 25 kms of the periphery of cities having a population of more than one million. Allowing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) across a wide spectrum of industries and encouraging non-debt flows. The Department has put in place a liberal and transparent foreign investment regime where most activities are opened to foreign investment on automatic route without any limit on the extent of foreign ownership. Some of the recent initiatives taken to further liberalize the FDI regime, inter alias, include opening up of sectors such as Insurance (upto 26%); development of integrated townships (upto 100%); defense industry (upto 26%); tea plantation (upto 100% subject to divestment of 26% within five years to FDI); enhancement of FDI limits in private sector banking, allowing FDI up to 100% under the automatic route for most manufacturing activities in SEZs; opening up B2B e-commerce; Internet

Service Providers (ISPs) without Gateways; electronic mail and voice mail to 100% foreign investment subject to 26% divestment condition; etc. The Department has also strengthened investment facilitation measures through Foreign Investment Implementation Authority (FIIA). Non Resident Indian Scheme the general policy and facilities for foreign direct investment as available to foreign investors/ Companies are fully applicable to NRIs as well. In addition, Government has extended some concessions especially for NRIs and overseas corporate bodies having more than 60% stake by NRIs Throwing Open Industries Reserved For The Public Sector to Private Participation. Now there are only three industries reserved for the public sector. Abolition of the (MRTP) Act, which necessitated prior approval for capacity expansion The removal of quantitative restrictions on imports.The reduction of the peak customs tariff from over 300 per cent prior to the 30 per cent rate that applies now. Wide-ranging financial sector reforms in the banking, capital markets, and insurance sectors, including the deregulation of interest rates, strong regulation and supervisory systems, and the introduction of foreign/private sector competition. Impact of Globalization of Indian Economy The novel Tale of Two Cities of Charles Dickens begins with a piquant description of the contradictions of the times: It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us At the present, we can also say about the tale of two India: We have the best of times; we have the worst of times. There is sparkling prosperity, there is stinking poverty. We have dazzling five star hotels side by side with darkened ill-starred hovels. We have everything by globalization, we have nothing by globalization. Though some economic reforms were introduced by the Rajiv Gandhi government (1985-89), it was the NarasimhaRao Government that gave a definite shape and start to the new economic reforms of globalization in India. Presenting the 1991-92 Budget, Finance Minister Manmohan Singh said: After four decades of planning for industrialization, we have now reached a stage where we should welcome, rather fear, foreign investment. Direct foreign investment would provide access to capital, technology and market. In the Memorandum of Economic Policies dated August 27, 1991 to the IMF, the Finance Minister submitted in the concluding paragraph: The Government of India believes that the policies set forth in the Memorandum are adequate to achieve the objectives of the program, but will take any additional measures appropriate for this purpose. In addition, the Government will consult with the Fund on the adoption of any measures that may be appropriate in accordance with the policies of the Fund on such consultations. The Government of India affirmed to implement the economic reforms in consultation with the international bank and in accordance of its policies. Successive coalition

governments from 1996 to 2004, led by the Janata Dal and BJP, adopted faithfully the economic policy of liberalization. With Manmohan Singh returned to power as the Prime Minister in 2004, the economic policy initiated by him has become the lodestar of the fiscal outlook of the government. The Bright Side of Globalization The rate of growth of the Gross Domestic Product of India has been on the increase from 5.6 per cent during 1980-90 to seven per cent in the 1993-2001 period. In the last four years, the annual growth rate of the GDP was impressive at 7.5 per cent (2003-04), 8.5 per cent (2004-05), nine per cent (2005-06) and 9.2 per cent (200607). Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is confident of having a 10 per cent growth in the GDP in the Eleventh Five Year Plan period. The foreign exchange reserves (as at the end of the financial year) were $ 39 billion (2000-01), $ 107 billion (2003-04), $ 145 billion (2005-06) and $ 180 billion (in February 2007). It is expected that India will cross the $ 200 billion mark soon. The cumulative FDI inflows from 1991 to September 2006 were Rs.1, 81,566 crores (US $ 43.29 billion).The sectors attracting highest FDI inflows are electrical equipments including computer software and electronics (18 per cent), service sector (13 per cent), telecommunications (10 per cent), transportation industry (nine per cent), etc. In the inflow of FDI, India has surpassed South Korea to become the fourth largest recipient. India controls at the present 45 per cent of the global outsourcing market with an estimated income of $ 50 billion. In respect of market capitalization (which takes into account the market value of a quoted company by multiplying its current share price by the number of shares in issue), India is in the fourth position with $ 894 billion after the US ($ 17,000 billion), Japan ($ 4800 billion) and China ($ 1000). India is expected to soon cross the trillion dollar mark. As per the Forbes list for 2007, the number of billionaires of India has risen to 40 (from 36 last year)more than those of Japan (24), China (17), France (14) and Italy (14) this year. A press report was jubilant: This is the richest year for India. The combined wealth of the Indian billionaires marked an increase of 60 per cent from $ 106 billion in 2006 to $ 170 billion in 2007. The 40 Indian billionaires have assets worth about Rs. 7.50 lakh crores whereas the cumulative investment in the 91 Public Sector Undertakings by the Central Government of India is Rs. 3.93 lakh crores only. The Dark Side of Globalization On the other side of the medal, there is a long list of the worst of the times, the foremost casualty being the agriculture sector. Agriculture has been and still remains the backbone of the Indian economy. It plays a vital role not only in providing food and nutrition to the people, but also in the supply of raw material to industries and to export trade. In 1951, agriculture provided employment to 72 per cent of the population and contributed 59 per cent of the gross domestic product. However, by 2001 the population depending upon agriculture came to 58 per cent whereas the share of agriculture in the GDP went down drastically to 24 per cent and further to 22 per cent in 2006-07. This has resulted in a lowering the per capita income of the farmers and increasing the rural indebtedness.

The agricultural growth of 3.2 per cent observed from 1980 to 1997 decelerated to two per cent subsequently. The Approach to the Eleventh Five Year Plan released in December 2006 stated that the growth rate of agricultural GDP including forestry and fishing is likely to be below two per cent in the Tenth Plan period. The reasons for the deceleration of the growth of agriculture are given in the Economic Survey 2006-07: Low investment, imbalance in fertilizer use, low seeds replacement rate, a distorted incentive system and lo post-harvest value addition continued to be a drag on the sectors performance. With more than half the population directly depending on this sector, low agricultural growth has serious implications for the inclusiveness of growth. The number of rural landless families increased from 35 per cent in 1987 to 45 per cent in 1999, further to 55 per cent in 2005. The farmers are destined to die of starvation or suicide. Replying to the Short Duration Discussion on Import of Wheat and Agrarian Distress on May 18, 2006, Agriculture Minister SharadPawar informed the RajyaSabha that roughly 1, 00,000 farmers committed suicide during the period 1993-2003 mainly due to indebtedness. In his interview to The Indian Express on November 15, 2005, SharadPawar said: The farming community has been ignored in this country and especially so over the last eight to ten years. The total investment in the agriculture sector is going down. In the last few years, the average budgetary provision from the Indian Government for irrigation is less than 0.35 percent. During the post-reform period, India has been shining brilliantly with a growing number of billionaires. Nobody has taken note of the sufferings of the family members of those unfortunate hundred thousand farmers. Further, the proportion of people depending in India on agriculture is about 60 % whereas the same for the UK is 2 %, USA 2 %and Japan 3 %. The developed countries, having a low proportion of population in agriculture, have readily adopted globalization which favors more the growth of the manufacturing and service sectors. About the plight of agriculture in developing countries, Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz said: Trade agreements now forbid most subsidies excepted for agricultural goods. This depresses incomes of those farmers in the developing countries who do not get subsidies. And since 70 per cent of those in the developing countries depend directly or indirectly on agriculture, this means that the incomes of the developing countries are depressed. But by whatever standard one uses, todays international trading regime is unfair to developing countries. He also pointed out: The average European cow gets a subsidy of $ 2 a day (the World Bank measure of poverty); more than half the people in the developing world live on less than that. It appears that it is better to be a cow in Europe than to be a poor person in a developing country. Demoting Agriculture The Economic Survey reports released till 1991 contained the Chapters in the following order: (1) Introduction, (2) Agricultural Production, (3) Industrial

Performance and Policies, (4) Infrastructure, (5) Human Resources, (6) Prices, Price Policy and Public Distribution System, (7) Fiscal Policy and Government Budget, (8) Monetary and Credit Developments, (9) The External Sector and (10) Problems and Prospects. In the Economic Survey 1991-92, Finance Minister Manmohan Singh recast the Chapters in the following order: (1) Introduction, (2) Public Finance, (3) Money and Credit, (4) Prices and Distribution, (5) Balance of Payments, (6) Industry, (7) Agriculture, (8) Infrastructure and (9) Social Sectors. It is not known as to why the Finance Minister demoted the importance of agriculture that has about 90 per cent population from the second place to the seventh in the annual Economic Survey of the country. In a way does it symbolize the low importance deliberately given to the growth of the agriculture sector in the scheme of globalization? Strategy of Globalization In the Report (2006) East Asian Renaissance, World Bank Advisor Dr Indermit Gill stated: Cities are at the core of a development strategy based on international integration, investment and innovation. East Asia is witnessing the largest rural-tourban shift of population in history. Two million new urban dwellers are expected in East Asian cities every month for the next 20 years. This will mean planning for and building dynamic, connected cities that are linked both domestically and to the outside world so that economic growth continues and social cohesion is strengthened.The market economy seems to be more concerned with the growth of consumerism to attract the high income groups who are mostly in the cities in the developing countries. Rural economy and the agricultural sector were out of focus in the strategy of globalization. Growth of UnemploymentPoverty The proportion of the unemployed to the total labour force has been increasing from 2.62 per cent (1993-94) to 2.78 per cent (1999-2000) and 3.06 per cent (2004-05). In absolute figures, the number of unemployed had been in those years 9.02 million, 10.51 million and 13.10 million respectively. (Economic Survey 2006-07, Table 10.4) In reply to a question, the Minister for Labour and Employment informed the LokSabha on March 19, 2007, that the enrolment of the unemployed in the Employment Exchanges in 2006-07 was 79 lakhs against the average of 58 lakhs in the past ten years. About the impact of globalization, in particular on the development of India, the ILO Report (2004) stated: In India, there had been winners and losers. The lives of the educated and the rich had been enriched by globalization. The information technology (IT) sector was a particular beneficiary. But the benefits had not yet reached the majority, and new risks had cropped up for the losersthe socially deprived and the rural poor. Significant numbers of non-perennial poor, who had worked hard to escape poverty, were finding their gains reversed. Power was shifting from elected local institutions to unaccountable trans-national bodies. Western perceptions, which dominated the globe media, were not aligned with local perspectives; they encouraged consumerism in the midst of extreme poverty and posed a threat to cultural and linguistic diversity.

Social Services About the quality of education given to children, the Approach to the Eleventh Five Year Plan stated: A recent study has found that 38 per cent of the children who have completed four years of schooling cannot read a small paragraph with short sentences meant to be read by a student of Class II. About 55 per cent of such children cannot divide a three digit number by a one digit number. These are indicators of serious learning problems which must be addressed. The Approach paper added further: Universalisation of education will not suffice in the knowledge economy. A person with a mere eight years of schooling will be as disadvantaged in a knowledge economy by ICT as an illiterate person in modern industry an services. The less said about the achievements in health the better. The Approach to the Eleventh Plan concedes that progress implementing the objectives of health have been slow. The Report gave the particulars of the rates of infant mortality (per 1000 live births) for India as 60 against Sri Lanka (13), China (30) and Vietnam (19). The rate of maternal mortality (per 1, 00,000 deliveries) of India is 407 against Sri Lanka (92), China (56) and Vietnam (130). Growth of Slum Capitals In his 2007-08 Budget Speech, Finance Minister Chidambaram put forth a proposal to promote Mumbai as a world class financial centre and to make financial services the next growth engine of India. Of its 13 million population, Mumbai city has 54 per cent in slums. It is estimated that 100 to 300 new families come to Mumbai every day and most land up in a slum colony. Prof R. N. Sharma of the Tata Institute of Social Science says that Mumbai is disintegrating into slums. From being known as the slum capital of India and the biggest slum of Asia, Mumbai is all set to become the slum capital of the world. The population of Delhi is about 14 million of which nearly 45 per cent population lives in slums, unauthorized colonies, JJ clusters and undeveloped rural parts. During dry weather these slum dwellers use open areas around their units for defecation and the entire human waste generated from the slums along with the additional wastewater from their households is discharged untreated into the river Yamuna. The cumulative FDI inflows (until September 2006) to the New Delhi region was of Rs. 27,369 crores and to Mumbai Rs. 24,545 crores. The two spots of New Delhi and Mumbai received 46 per cent of the total FDI inflows into India. The FDI inflows have in no way assisted in improving the health and environment conditions of the people. On the other hand, the financial capital of India and the political capital of India are set to become the topmost slum cities of the world.

Victims of Globalization IN his Making Globalization Work, Nobel Laureate Stiglitz wrote: Trade liberalization opening up markets to the free flow of goods and services was supposed to lead to growth. The evidence is at best mixed. Part of the reason that international trade

agreements have been so unsuccessful in promoting growth in poor countries is that they were often unbalanced. The advanced industrial countries were allowed to levy tariffs on goods produced by developing countries that were, on average, four times higher that those on goods produced by other advanced industrial countries. In his foreword to The Dynamics and Impact of Globalization by Dr. M. V. Louis Anthuvan, Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer pointed out pithily: The New World Order is the product of what is now familiarly described as globalization, liberalization and privatization. The weaker sectors like the Asian and African countries are victims, whose economic welfare is slavery, at the disposal of the White world. When World War II came to a close, commercial conquest and trade triumph became the major goal of the United States and the other giant trade powers. Indeed, these mighty countries and companies even made world hunger as Big Business. The poorer countries with natural resources have been made banana republics and cucumber vassals. The Human Development Report 2006 recorded: Globalization has given rise to a protracted debate over the precise direction of trends in global income distribution. What is sometimes lost sight of is the sheer depth of inequality and the associated potential for greater equity to accelerate poverty reduction. Measured in the 2000 purchasing power parity (PPP) terms, the gap between the incomes of the poorest 20 per cent of the worlds population and the $ 1 a day poverty line amounts to about $ 300 billion. That figure appears large, but it is less than two per cent of the income of the worlds wealthiest 10 per cent. To make Globalization Work Under the phenomenal growth of information technology which has shrunk space and time and reduced the cost of moving information, goods and capital across the globe, the globalization has brought unprecedented opportunities for human development for all, in developing as well as developed countries. Under the commercial marketing forces, globalization has been used more to promote economic growth to yield profits to some countries and to some groups within a country. India should pay immediate attention to ensure rapid development in education, health, water and sanitation, labour and employment so that under time-bound programmes the targets are completed without delay. A strong foundation of human development of all people is essential for the social, political and economic development of the country. Though at present India appears to be dominant in some fields of development as in IT-ITES, this prosperity may be challenged by other competing countries which are equipping themselves with better standards of higher education. As detailed earlier, our progress in education has been slow and superficial, without depth and quality, to compete the international standards. The government should take immediate steps to increase agricultural production and create additional employment opportunities in the rural parts, to reduce the growing inequality between urban and rural areas and to decentralize powers and resources to the panchayatiraj institutions for implementing all works of rural development. Steps should be taken for early linking of the rivers, especially in the south-bound ones, for supply of the much-needed water for irrigation. It should be remembered that without a sustainable and productive growth of the agricultural sector, the other types of development in any sphere will be unstable and

illusory. Despite the concerted development in manufacturing and service sectors, despite the remarkable inflow and overflow of foreign reserves, agriculture is still the largest industry providing employment to about 60 per cent of the workforce in the country. Mere growth of the GDP and others at the macro level in billions does not solve the chronic poverty and backward level of living norms of the people at the micro level. The growth should be sustainable with human development and decent employment potential. The welfare of a country does not percolate from the top, but should be built upon development from the bottom.

SIXTH PAY COMMISSION

Date of implementation 1 Implementation of the revised pay scales to be done retrospectively from January 1, 2006. Recommendations relating to allowances to be implemented prospectively.

Running Pay Bands

11.2 Introduction of running pay bands for all posts in the Government presently existing in scales below that of Rs.26,000 (fixed). Four distinct running pay bands being recommended one running band each for all categories of employees in groups B and C (posts in the scale of Rs.50008000 have, as a result of delayering and elongation of certain scales, been placed in Group B) with 2 running pay bands for Group A posts. All posts presently in Group D, after retraining and multiskilling of the present incumbents, to be upgraded and placed in the lowest grade of pay band PB-1. The posts of Secretary to Government of India/equivalent and Cabinet Secretary/equivalent to be kept in distinct pay scales. A separate running pay band, designated as -1S scale, is not to be counted for any purpose as no future recruitment is to be made in this grade and all the present Group D employees not possessing the prescribed qualifications are to be retrained and thereafter upgraded and placed in the Group C running pay band once they are suitably retrained.

Minimum and maximum salary

11.3 Minimum salary at the entry level of PB-1 pay band to be Rs.6660 (Rs.4860 as pay in the pay band plus Rs.1800 as grade pay). Maximum salary at the level of Secretary/equivalent to be Rs.80000. The minimum: maximum ratio 1:12. 11.4 All the employees belonging to Groups A, B , C & D to be placed in distinct running pay bands. Every post, barring that of Secretary/equivalent and Cabinet Secretary/equivalent to have a distinct grade pay attached to it. Grade pay (being a fixed amount attached to each post in the hierarchy) to determine the status of a post with (apart from the two apex scales of Secretary/equivalent and Cabinet Secretary/equivalent that do not carry any grade pay) a senior post being given higher grade pay. The total

Grade Pay and Promotions in Running Pay Bands

number of grades reduced to 20 spread across four distinct running pay bands; one Apex Scale and another grade for the post of Cabinet Secretary/equivalent as against 35 standard pay scales existing earlier. At the time of promotion from one post to another in the same running pay band, the grade pay attached to posts in different levels within the same running pay band to change. Additionally, increase in form of one increment to be given at the time of promotion. A person stagnating at the maximum of any pay band for more than one year continuously to be placed in the immediate next higher pay band without any change in the grade pay. Annual increment Annual increments to be paid in form of two and half percent of the total of pay in the Pay Band and the corresponding grade pay. The date of annual increments, in all cases, to be first of July. Employees completing six months and above in the scale as on July 1 to be eligible.

Variable increments

11.6 Another form of differential increments for Group A Pay Band PB- 3, where annual increments in the band will vary depending upon the performance. Eighty percent or more employees in the grade to be allowed normal increment at the rate of 2.5% with the high performers (not exceeding 20 percent) during the year being allowed increment at the higher rate of 3.5%. Government advised to extend the scheme of variable increments in running pay bands PB 1 and PB 2.

Pay scales of defence forces

11.5

Introduction of running pay bands on par with those recommended for civilians in respect of the Defence Forces.

11.8 DG (AFMS) placed in the Apex grade of Rs. 80,000(fixed). Only two trade groups to be retained for Personnel Below Officer Ranks with the earlier trade groups Y and Z being merged. The personnel in trade group X to have a separate X Group Pay.

Military Service Pay

11.9 Military Service Pay for all personnel of Defence Forces till the level of Brigadier/equivalent. The

Military Service Pay to count for all purposes excluding increments Holistic nature of recommendations 11.10 All the recommendations to be treated as an organic whole as partial implementation will bring in several anomalies and inconsistencies.

Selection for higher posts in future

11.11 Certain posts in Senior Administrative Grade (SAG) and Higher Administrative Grade (HAG) requiring technical or specialized expertise and not encadred in any of the services to be opened up for being filled by suitable officers within the Government as well as by outsiders on contract. Shift from career based to post based selection in the higher echelons of Government in order to get the best domain based expertise.

Creation of posts in SAG & HAG

11.12 Creation of additional posts in Senior Administrative Grade/equivalent/ higher grades in future to be strictly on functional considerations with such posts invariably being created outside the cadre to be filled by method of open selection. 11.13 Introduction of PRIS in the Government under which employees to be eligible for pecuniary remuneration over and above the pay. PRIS to replace ad-hoc bonus scheme immediately and eventually replace PLB. PRIS to be budget neutral. 11.14 System put in place for giving market driven compensation package to young scientists and posts requiring special expertise and professional skills.

Performance Related Incentive Scheme (PRIS

Special incentive for scientists, etc

Parity established between Field and Ministerial posts in 11.15 Offices. The Secretariat and Field Offices and Secretariat Stenographers cadres to stand merged in future. Secretariat Introduction of a new grade (designated as Principal Staff Officer) in the scale of Rs.14300-18300 (revised pay band PB-3 along with grade pay of Rs.7600) for CSSS / all other analogous Stenographers cadres. 11.16 CSS/CSSS/analogous Secretariat and Stenographers cadres in non participating Ministries/Organizations in

the scale of Rs.6500-10500 to be made as Executive Assistants with minimum qualifications of Graduation and one year Diploma in Computers. Executive Assistants to discharge the functions presently being carried out by Assistants as well as the Personal Assistants. The cadres of CSS/CSSS and analogous cadres in other non-participating Ministries/Organizations to be merged. Present incumbents of CSS/CSSS and analogous cadres in other non-participating Ministries/Organizations to continue as distinct cadres till the time the Administrative Ministry concerned evolves a procedure for their job enlargement/enrichment, retraining and re-deployment. 11.17 All India Services and organized Group A Services. All future recruitmentto

11.18 Existing edge for IAS in the three grades viz. Senior Time Scale, Junior Administrative Grade and NonFunctional Selection Grade to be retained. Grades of DIG and Conservator to be retained in IPS and Indian Forest Service respectively. Posts of Director General in the five Central Para Military Forces i.e. BSF, CRPF, ITBP, CISF SSB to be at par and placed in the scale of Rs.26,000 (fixed) corresponding to the revised pay scale of Rs.80,000 (fixed). The post of Director, Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy to be upgraded to the scale of Rs.26,000 (fixed) corresponding to the revised pay scale of Rs.80,000 (fixed). 11.19 Existing parity between IAS & Indian Foreign Service to be maintained. Modified batch-wise parity proposed between respective batches of IAS and other organised Group A services for empanelment and/or posting at Centre with the gap being restricted to two years. 11.20 Twenty per cent of additional posts in SAG/HAG in all organised Group A services to be operated on non-functional basis provided matching number of posts are decadred for open selection. 11.21 Some recommendations relating to individual Services like IA&AS, IC&CES, IDAS, IPOS and IRS. 11.22 Opening up of Central Staffing Scheme. All posts under this scheme as well as SAG/HAG posts not already encadred in any service to be filled by transparent, web-based procedure. Changes recommended in

eligibility norms so as to enable officers with domain expertise to apply, irrespective of their service.

Dearness allowance

11.23 Base year of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to be revised as frequently as feasible. Formulation of a separate index for Government employees suggested. National Statistical Commission to carry out this exercise.

Recommendations relating to Allowances

11.24 Existing rates of most of the allowances to be doubled both in case of Defence Forces as well as civilian employees. 11.25 Existing rates of HRA to be retained for A-1 cities with A, B-1 & B-2 cities being given this allowance at the rate of 20% and C/Unclassified cities being given the allowance at the rate of 10%. 11.26 CCA to be subsumed in Transport Allowance and the rates of this allowance to be increased by 4 times. 11.27 Travel entitlements to be paid on actuals.

11.28 Rates of Education allowance reimbursement to be raised from existing Rs.50 to Rs.1000 per child per month, subject to the maximum of two children. Hostel subsidy to be raised from existing Rs.300 p.m. to Rs.3000 p.m. 11.29 Risk allowance to be replaced by risk insurance.

11.30 All the fixed allowances made inflation proof with provisions of automatic revision whenever dearness allowance payable on revised pay bands goes up by 50%. Transport Allowance to be increased every year on the basis of the increase in the dearness allowance. 11.31 Encashment of Earned Leave in case of Defence Forces personnel delinked from the number of years of service. All Defence Forces personnel to be eligible for leave encashment of upto 300 days at the time of retirement/discharge.

Medical facilities

11.32 A new medical insurance scheme recommended for Government employees. The scheme to be optional for existing Central Government employees and pensioners, New Government employees and pensioners to be compulsorily covered by the scheme.

Pension

11.33 Fitment formula recommended for serving employees to be extended in case of existing pensioners/family pensioners. 11.34 Rates of Constant Attendant Allowance to be increased by five times to Rs.3000 p.m. 11.35 Pension to be paid at 50% of the average emoluments/last pay drawn (whichever is more beneficial) without linking it to 33 years of qualifying service for grant of full pension. A liberal severance package for employees leaving service between 15 to 20 years of service. 11.36 11.37 Higher rates of pension for retirees and family pensioners on attaining the age of 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 years. 11.38 Revision of the commutation suggested for commutation of pension. table

11.39 Framing of an appropriate insurance scheme suggested for meeting the OPD needs of pensioners in non-CGHS areas.

Advances

11.40 A new mechanism for grant of advances under which an employee will take the advance from an approved bank and the Government will give an interest subsidy equal to two percentage points on the rate of interest being charged by the bank to the employee. Existing limits of various advances increased and provisions made for their automatic revision periodically.

Public holidays

11.41 Continuation of five day week. Government offices to remain closed only on the three national holidays. All other gazetted holidays to be abolished and compensated by increasing the number of restricted holidays from two to eight days in a year.

Women employees

11.42 Benefits like staggered working hours, special leave for child care, enhanced maternity leave of 180 days, better accommodation facilities in the form of working womens hostels, etc. specifically for women employees.

Persons with disabilities

11.43 Government employees with disabilities recommended various benefits like enhanced number of casual leave, special aids and appliances for facilitating office work, higher interest subsidy for automobile loans, liberal flexi hours, higher rate of transport allowance, better prosthetic aids and proper grievance redressal machinery. Extra allowance for disabled women employees to take care of young child till the time the child attains the age of two years.

Lateral entry of Defence Forces personnel

11.44 Lateral movement of all Defence Forces personnel (both Personnel Below Officer Ranks & Short Service Commission Officers) at appropriate levels in CPOs/CPMFs as well as in the various posts of defence civilians in Ministry of Defence.

Rationalization of the existing processes

11.45 Steps leading to improvement in the existing delivery mechanisms by more delegation, delayering and an emphasis to achieve quantifiable and concrete end results. 11.46 Greater emphasis on field offices/organisation at the cutting edge of delivery. Parity between posts in field offices and the secretariat. 11.47 Enhanced pay scales for Nurses, Teachers and Constabulary with whom the common citizen has most frequent interaction. Postmen have also been upgraded. 11.48 Delayering of administrative down hierarchical levels. offices and to cut

11.49 Emphasis on training academies processes within the Government.

training

Regulatory Bodies

11.50 Normal replacement pay bands, grade pay and allowances for the existing Members of regulatory bodies. A revised method of selection with a higher pay package to those recruited through the revised process of selection in selected organisations.

Employees and Court Officers of the Supreme Court

11.51 No relativity established between employees and court officers of the Supreme Court vis--vis those

working in the Central Government. 11.52 The recommendations contained in the Report to cost Rs.12561 crore in the year 2008-09. Savings of Rs.4586 crore likely to accrue on account of various measures suggested in the Report. The net financial implications of the recommendations contained in the Report estimated to be Rs.7975 crore for the year 2008-09. An additional, one-time burden of Rs.18060 crore on payment of arrears.

Financial implications

RECESSION IN 2009
America is the most effected country due to global recession, which comes as a bad news for India. India have most outsourcing deals from the US. Even our exports to US have increased over the years. Exports for January declined by 22 per cent.Recession areresult of reduction in the demand of products in the global market. Recession can also be associated with falling prices known as deflation due to lack of demand of products. Again, it could be the result of inflation or a combination of increasing prices and stagnant economic growth in the west. Recession in the West, specially the United States, is a very bad news for our country. Our companies in India have most outsourcing deals from the US. Even our exports to US have increased over the years. Exports for January have declined by 22 per cent. There is a decline in the employment market due to the recession in the West. There has been a significant drop in the new hiring which is a cause of great concern for us. Some companies have laid off their employees and there have been cut in promotions, compensation and perks of the employees. Companies in the private sector and government sector are hesitant to take up new projects. And they are working on existing projects only. Projections indicate that up to one crore persons could lose their jobs in the correct fiscal ending March. The one crore figure has been compiled by Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO), which says that it has carried out an intensive survey. The textile, garment and handicraft industry are worse effected. Together, they are going to lose four million jobs by April 2009, according to the FIEO survey. There has also been a decline in the tourist inflow lately. The real estate has also a problem of tight liquidity situations, where the developers are finding it hard to raise finances. IT industries, financial sectors, real estate owners, car industry, investment banking and other industries as well are confronting heavy loss due to the fall down of global economy. Federation of Indian chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) found that faced with the global recession, inventories industries like garment, gems, textiles, chemicals and jewellery had cut production by 10 per cent to 50% The following measures can be adopted to tackle the recession: Tax cuts are generally the first step any government takes during slump.

Government should hike its spending to create more jobs and boost the manufacturing sectors in the country. Government should try to increase the export against the initial export. The way out for builders is to reduce the unrealistic prices of property to bring back the buyers into the market. And thus raise finances for the incomplete projects that they are developing. The falling rupees against the dollar will bring a boost in the export industry. Though the buyers in the west might become scarce. The oil prices decline will also have a positive impact on the importers.

AICTE BAR NEW COLLEGES

With supply outstripping demand for engineering and management seats, the country may stop new professional colleges coming up from 2014. This firm stand was taken recently at a meeting of the All-India Council for Technical Education, the country's inspector which grants permission to new professional technical colleges. The decision follows requests from several states that want the Council to reject fresh proposals for more colleges. While many states wanted the AICTE to immediately stop accepting applications, the process of setting up a college, like buying land and building the infrastructure, starts two years before a college trust approaches the AICTE for permission. "So, we have decided that two years from now, we will review the situation and may stop accepting proposals for all new technical colleges," said AICTE chairman S.S.Mantha. States such as Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Haryana and Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra told the AICTE to not to clear proposals for new institutes after waking up to the fact that the number of vacant seats in engineering and management colleges has risen dramatically over the last three years. India is now home to 3,393 engineering colleges that have 14.86 lakhs seats; today there are 3,900 management schools with a total student intake of 3.5 lakh. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh have about 70% tech institutes. When admissions closed last year, AICTE estimated that nearly three lakh seats were unfilled. Despite the AICTE's decision, many states have decided not to allow colleges to start this year, with the state governments and the council embarking on a collision course. This year, the AICTE received a total of 204 applications for new engineering institutes and 86 for MBA colleges. "This year, we saw an interest in colleges again wanting to invest in engineering education. However, applications from the southern states, which have witnessed the expansion, are down to a trickle," added Mantha. Andhra Pradesh, which has the largest number of engineering colleges in India, has dispatched merely eight applications this year and a similar number for starting MBA colleges. However, over time, with no plan, growth has been skewed, but if AICTE's optimism is anything to go by, the country will now see professional colleges springing up in areas like the north-east and in central India, which are yet suffering from low enrolment in the professional education sector. Closer home, edupreneurs (education entrepreneurs) from Maharashtra are bullish on the growth in this sector. Maharashtra has a rich pool of 348 engineering institutes and 408 MBA colleges. And the fact that 34,000 seats did not have any takers last year did not play spoilsport. The AICTE received 30 applications to start engineering colleges and 15 for MBA institutes from Maharashtra this year (see box). "We have received the highest number of applications from Maharashtra. But, we

have an impressive 307 applicants (almost 50% of the entire pool) for starting polytechnics (colleges that offer diploma in engineering) from across India," added Mantha. The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) has decided not to approve new engineering colleges from the academic year 2013-14 after being inundated on demands from several State Governments. Several State Governments had requested us not to clear the applications for starting new engineering colleges. They have cited the incidence of growing number of vacant BE/BTech seats in the existing colleges. So the council has taken a decision not to sanction approval for new applicants from 2013-14, informed AICTE Member Secretary K P Isaac. States like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha opposed the opening of new technical institutions as the demand for admission is not matching up the exponential growth in the number of colleges. Isaac revealed that this year 108 trusts had applied to the AICTE seeking sanction for starting engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu. Across the country, 600 applications have been received for starting colleges in 2012-13. These applications will be considered by the council and eligible cases will be cleared in two batches. The first batch will be given the nod by the end of March and the second by April 30, he said.

Chapter-2

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Objective of the study

Main Objective:- STUDY OF CAREER OPTIONS IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN KALYANPUR AND ADJECENT AREAS

Sub Objectives1. Awareness and preference for various career options 2. Brand awareness of IISE as a business and IT School.

Chapter-3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter focuses on the methodology and the techniques used for the collection, classification and tabulation of data. It sheds light on the research problem, objective of the study, its limitations and the hypothesis that have evolved for the study. The later part of the chapter explains the manner in which the data is collected, classified, tabulated and analyzed so as to reach to conclusive results.

Research Methodology has many dimensions. It includes not only the research method but also considers the logic behind the methods used in the context of the study and explains why only a particular method or technique has been used so that search lends them to proper evaluation. Thus in a way it is written game-plan for concluding research. Therefore in to design a research problem it is necessary to design a research methodology for the problem as the same may differ from problem to problem. Research will be manly descriptive in nature using random sampling the approximate data size will be about 50 respondents data will be collected through both primary as well as secondary using structured questionnaire. Secondary data will be collected through a number of published and unpublished sources, management literature journals and internet. 1. RESEARCH DESIGN A research design is a master plan or model for the conduct of formal information. It is specification of method and procedures of acquiring the information needed. Descriptive method is used in this research for the collection of data as the research is related to the study of market the market size of invester in Lucknow City. Considering the time constraint descriptive research is the most suitable method for this research. 2. SOURCE OF DATA I have used both types of methods of collection of data. This was done on the basis of personal interviews information in my research work. The information is in the form of questionnaire and personal interviews and the secondary information is through fact sheet, reports published by journals, magazines etc.

The data collected for this research is primary data which has been obtained through the survey and questionnaire. Secondary data is also taken from various sources. An attempt has been made to cover people from different areas of Lucknow city. There are two source of collection of data: A. Primary data For the collection of primary data, the respondents were personally interviewed and the research instrument used for gathering data was the questionnaire to get further insight in to the research problem. This was done to cross check the authenticity the data provided. Research instrument As we know that there are two ways of collection of data: 1. Interview method. 2. Questionnaire. I have used only Questionnaire method for my research purpose and findings. In personal interview i asked questions like: 1. Give the numbers of +2/Higher level students in your family. 2. Your ward (son/ daughter) is pursuing or will pursue which of the career option? 3. If interested in PGDM/MBA, did your son/ daughter appear/ qualify. 4. If not appeared in any test, then would you be interested in direct admission? 5. Give Choice of city/area for your son/daughters professional study 6. What is the % at Graduation level of your ward (If Applicable?) 7. Which monthly family income group doyou belong to ? 8. Are you aware of IISE as a Business and IT School?

B. Secondary data Secondary data is collected from various published journals and articles, magazines and through web sites etc. 3. SAMPLING DESIGN This refers to procedure by which respondents should be chosen. In order to obtain a representative sample a non-probability sample of population was drawn. NonProbability sampling can be of following types: Judgment sampling It is therefore, for doing same Kalyanpur, Ring Road, Lucknow was sampling unit for the research. Because of budgetary and time constraints, the area was kept limited. A. Sample size This refers to the people surveyed although large samples are more reliable but due to shortage of time a small representative of 28respondents. B. Sampling area Where to research? Sample area refers to the geographic area which is used to carry out the research. It is therefore, for doing same Kalyanpur, Ring Road, Lucknow was sampling unit for the research. Because of budgetary and time constraints, the area was kept limited. C. Sampling methods For this product sampling I have used Non-probability sampling method to select the respondents. In this type of sampling, the researcher selects items for the sample deliberately; his choice concerning the items remains supreme. In other words, under nonprobability sampling the Organizers of the inquiry purposively choose the

particular units of the universe for constituting sample on the basis that the small mass that they so select out of a huge one will be typical or representative of the whole.

D. Sampling unit First step in developing any sample design as to clearly define the set of objectives technically called the universe to be studied. The universe can be finite or infinite. My universe was finite as I opted for random sampling of Lucknow city

Chapter-4

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

1.Qualification of the Respondents? Answer Graduate Post Graduate B.Tech Any Other Total Response 14 9 3 2 28 Percentage 50% 32% 11% 7% 100%

60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Graduate Post Graduate B.Tech Any Other

Interpretation The 50% of the population from the respondents are graduate, 32% are Post Graduate, 11% are B.Tech and the remaining 7% are from other courses.

2.Occupation of the Respondents? Answer Service Buisness Other TOTAL Response 13 11 4 28 Percentage 47% 39% 14% 100%

5000% 4500% 4000% 3500% 3000% 2500% 2000% 1500% 1000% 500% 0% Service Buisness Other

Interpretation The 47% of the population from the respondents are of Service sector, 39% are of Business sector, and the remaining 14% are from other sector.

3.Category of the respondents Answer General OBC Minority TOTAL Response 22 4 2 28 Percentage 79% 7% 14% 100%

90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% General OBC Minority

Interpretation
The 79% of the population from the respondents belong to general category, 7%belong to OBC category and the remaining 14% belongs to minority.

4. Your ward (son/ daughter) is pursuing or will pursue which of the career option? Answer B.Tech BBA BCA PGDM/MBA MCA Mass Communications Any Other Total Response 10 2 4 6 2 4 28 Percentage
36% 7%

14% 21% 7% 14% 100%

40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%

Interpretation The 36% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuadingB.tech or wanted to pursue it. The 7% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuading BBA or wanted to pursue it. The 14% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuading PGDM or MBA or wanted to pursue it. The 21% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuading MCA or wanted to pursue it. The 7% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuading Mass Communication or wanted to pursue it. The 14% of the population from the respondents ward were either persuading any other or wanted to pursue it.

5.If interested in PGDM/MBA, did your son/ daughter appear/ qualify in which Exam? Answer CAT MAT UPSEE Any Other Total Response 13 6 3 6 28 Percentage
46

21 11 21 100%

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 CAT MAT UPSEE Any Other

Interpretation The 41% of the population from the respondents ward will appear in CAT. The 21% of the population from the respondents ward will appear in MAT. The 11% of the population from the respondents ward will appear in UPSEE. The 21% of the population from the respondents ward will appear in any other.

6.If not appeared in any test, then would you be interested in direct admission? Answer Yes No Total Response 9 19 28 Percentage
32

68 100%

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yes No

Interpretation The 32% of the population from the respondents want direct admission for their ward. The 68% of the population from the respondents do not want direct admission for their ward.

7.Give Choice of city/area for your son/daughters professional study? Answer Lucknow NCR South India Any Other Total Response 9 14 2 3 28 Percentage
32

50 7 11 100%

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Lucknow NCR South India Any Other

Interpretation The 32% of the population from the respondents want their wards to study in Lucknow. The 50% of the population from the respondents want their wards to study in NCR. The 7% of the population from the respondents want their wards to study in South India. The 11% of the population from the respondents want their wards to study in any other region.

7.What is the % at graduation level at your ward Answer <40% 45%-50% 50%-60% >60% Total Response 0 1 11 16 28 Percentage
0

4 39 57 100%

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 <40% 45%-50% 50%-60% >60%

Interpretation The 0% of the population from the respondents had their wards percentage below 40% in their graduation. The 4% of the population from the respondents had their wards percentage between 45%-50% in their graduation. The 39% of the population from the respondents had their wards percentage between 50%-60% in their graduation. The 57% of the population from the respondents had their wards percentage above 60% in their graduation.

8.Which monthly family income group do you belong to ? Answer Up to Rs.10,000 10,000-25,000 More than 25,000 Total Response 4 19 5 28 Percentage
14

68 18 100%

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Up to Rs.10,000 10,000-25,000 More than 25,000

Interpretation The 14% of the population from the respondents had their family income up to 10,000. The 68% of the population from the respondents had their family income between Rs.10,000 to 25,000. The 18% of the population from the respondents had their family income more than 25,000.

9. Are you aware of IISE as a Business and IT School?

Answer Yes No Total

Response 4 24 28

Percentage
14

86 100%

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yes No

Interpretation The 14% of the population from the respondent were not aware of IISE. The 86% of the population from the respondent were aware of IISE.

Chapter-5 CONCLUSIONS

1. Before 1991 the people were only aware two or three courses. 2. B.tech and MBA were only main courses offered. 3. After liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation people were interested in private jobs. 4. Unemployment have increased. 5. In 2006 Sixth pay commission was offered and the salaries were paid according to it. 6. In 2009 the global recession came . 7. People were forced to leave their job. 8. They were interested in Public jobs. 9. AICTE stop new professional colleges coming up from 2014. 10. People still are not aware of Professional courses. 11. The majority of people have their income between 10,000 to 25000. 12. The majority of people want their ward to study in NCR or Delhi. 13. The effect of Recession is still in India. 14. The majority wards of the respondents have their percentage in graduation between 50% to 60%

Chapter-6 RECOMMENDATIONS

1- Government should launch new colleges. 2- Government should increase the pay of service class 3- People should be aware of new courses. 4- New opportunities should be provided to students. 5- Measures should be adopted to overcome through recession.

Chapter-7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The respondents lack the information regardingvarious professional career options like Computer Course etc.as well as they are not aware top professional colleges 1. They were not much exposed and were reserved in their own field i.e. business. 2. This is a one day field survey so we have to complete the samples within the given time period. 3. For high precession sample size should be big enough to justify the representation of the population but in our case the sample size is kept to be 28(SMALL due to time constraint).

BIBLOGRAPHY
1. www.google.com 2. www.sixpaycommission.in 3. Kothari C.R, Research Methodology, New Delhi, New Age Publishers-2008

ANNEXURE
QUESTIONNAIRE

(Declarationcollected

This Survey is only for Research purpose and the information

will remain confidential.)

1. Name of the Respondent

2. 3. 4.

Qualification Occupation Address

Graduate Service

PG

Professional

Any Other

Business

Others (specify)

5. Phone no./mobile 6. Email id : Gen OBC Minority SC/ST

7. Category 8 Give the numbers of UG level

+2/Higher level students in your family. PG level

9. Your ward (son/ daughter) is pursuing or will pursue which of the career option? B.Tech BBA BCA PGDM/MBA Any other (Specify) MCA

Mass Communications. 10

If interested in PGDM/MBA, did your son/ daughter appear/ qualify in CAT MAT UPCEE Any Other ( Please Specify)

11.

.If not appeared in any test, then would you be interested in direct admission? Yes No

12. Give Choice of city/area for your son/daughters professional study Lucknow 13 NCR South India Any other (Please Specify)

What is the % at Graduation level of your ward (If Applicable?) <45% 45%-50% 50-60% >60%

15

Which monthly family income group do you belong to ? Up to Rs 10,000 Rs 10,000- 25000 More than Rs 25000/-

16

Are you aware of IISE as a Business and IT School? Yes NO