Roberto Enrique Salgado Rosado

SUMMARY
7

[SUMMARY] Frebruary 21st 2012

THE DC MOTOR The dc motor is an electrical machine that can transform electrical energy to mechanical energy. Basically the dc motor is formed by one rotor and includes some winding and one stator where the winding is installed. The rotor or armature is built with ferromagnetic sheets; the stator is built with inductive coils and the magnetic poles. The brushes are built of copper or carbon; it works correctly at 180 degrees with the collector of the DC motor. There are 3 kinds of DC motors: serial, parallel, and mixed. Serial DC motors: This kind of motors has serial coils with a thin gauge and a lot of spires, the serial DC motor has an extraordinary regulation of its speed and produce a constantly speed. Parallel DC motors: This kind of motors has parallel coils with a thick gauge and only a few spires, the parallel motor is not easy to control and regulate its speed. We use parallel DC motors when we want a great power of start, like in trains, cranes, excavators, etc Mixed DC motors: In this kind of DC motors it has two coils, one put in serial and the other put in parallel, with this we obtain the advantages of both coils, it is used in shears, rollings, prensses, etc

Roberto Enrique Salgado Rosado CONTROL DE MOTORES ELECTRICOS Mecatrnica MT-22 Tch: Agustn Jaime Navarro

[SUMMARY] Frebruary 21st 2012

In DC motors when an electrical current pass through the winding it creates a magnetic poles and this causes that the rotor begins to turn itself; all is based in the natural opposition and attraction of magnetic poles. The starts for the DC motors are produced by different capabilities, its function is to limit the current source of the armature during the start and the acceleration periods, basically it is a big resistance. In order to invert the rotation is performed inverting the polarity of the current. In the industry we have a huge quantity of drivers that requires excellent regulable machines and a simple speed control, the speed of the motor is directly proportional to the applied voltage to the armature and inversely proportional to magnetic flux.

To stop a motor it is not enough to cut down the electrical current, nowadays exist brake systems like: stop by back current, dynamic stop, regenerative stop. Stop by back current: This method consists in the inversion of the sources connection of the motor doing slower the rotation. Dynamic stop: The function of the dynamic stop is making the DC motor function as generator, the connection heads of the armature disconnect of the electrical sources and quickly and reconnect with resistances, stopping the DC motor. Regenerative Stop:
Roberto Enrique Salgado Rosado CONTROL DE MOTORES ELECTRICOS Mecatrnica MT-22 Tch: Agustn Jaime Navarro

[SUMMARY] Frebruary 21st 2012

It is almost the same as the dynamic stop; the only different thing is that the dissipated energy is redirect to the electrical source again. Overloads fuses and relays of overloads are usually used to disconnect the DC motor to the electrical source when occur and overload that can be dangerous for the DC motor.

Roberto Enrique Salgado Rosado CONTROL DE MOTORES ELECTRICOS Mecatrnica MT-22 Tch: Agustn Jaime Navarro