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R.W. Sullivan R W S lli an Engineering (617) 523-8227, Fax (617) 523-8016 523523http://www.rwsullivan.com
Welcome
The Boston Society of Architects/AIA is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. request This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods materials methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Learning Objectives
Every floor opening is not an atrium! y p g 2009 IBC and NFPA 101 provide options for other allowed floor openings. A hit t l solutions t reduce or eliminate Architectural l ti to d li i t mechanical smoke exhaust in atriums. Basic understanding of performance-based approaches to floor openings and smoke control.
R.W.SullivanEngineering(RWS)was R W Sullivan Engineering (RWS) was establishedin1945andcurrentlyhas 90employees. 90 employees RWSisafullserviceengineeringfirm offeringintegratedservicesinthe followingdisciplines:
HVAC
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Code
Agenda
Floor Opening Protection Fl O i P t ti
Codes
International Building Code 2003 Edition (780 CMR 7th Edition) Code, International Building Code, 2009 Edition (780 CMR 8th Edition) NFPA 101: Life Safety Code NFPA 92B: S k M 92B Smoke Management Systems tS t
Exception 3 allows for 50% of the exit stairs between any 2 stories to be unenclosed and used as an exit stair. This stair however cannot be open to more than the two connected stories stories.
1 Hour Wall
Exception 4 allows for all exit stairs between the p first 2 stories to be unenclosed and used as exit stairs in a fully sprinklered building. The connected floors must have 2 exits and are not permitted to be open to any other floors.
4th floor
3rd floor
Rated separation
2nd floor
1st floor
3rd floor
2nd floor
1st floor
Alternative design requires approval from the Authority Having Jurisdiction or a variance. Provides smoke reservoir that performs better than a continuous floor assembly.
NFPA 101
8.6.8.6
2009 IBC
NFPA 101
None
IEBC
The Manual Escalator Same hazard as an escalator, however only 2009 IBC permit the use of the previously described options for protecting a standard open stair. Approval from the Authority Having Jurisdiction or a variance is required for states adopting NFPA 101.
Mini-Atrium: Configuration
NFPA 101 8 6 6 & IEBC 703 2 1 E 8.6.6 703.2.1 Exception 3 ti
Lowest or next-to-lowest floor is street level Open and unobstructed communicating space
Mini-Atrium: Egress
NFPA 101 8 6 6 8.6.6
Considered a single floor area for egress capacity Occupants within the mini-atrium
access t at least one exit without having to to t l t it ith t h i t traverse another story within the mini-atrium space
4 story opening within a dwelling unit (Exception 1) Mezzanines (Exception 9) Ramps in parking structures (Exception 8) Elevator hoistways serving only p y g y parking structures ( g (Exception p 14) Use Group I-3 in accordance with 780 CMR 408.5 (Exception 13)
Atriums
Atriums
2009 IBC 404, NFPA 101 8.6.7
G General requirements
Sprinkler Protection: Atriums must be protected with sprinklers (2009 IBC 404 3 NFPA 101 8 6 7(4)) i kl 404.3, 8.6.7(4)). Travel Distance: Other than the lowest floor, the egress travel distance through an atrium is limited to 200 ft (2009 IBC 404.9). Exit Discharge: Permitted within the atrium (NFPA g ( 101 8.6.7(2)).
Enclosure of Atrium
2009 IBC 404.6, NFPA 101 8.6.7(1)
Atriums are required to be separated from adjacent spaces by 1 hour rated construction except:
3 stories are permitted to be open to the atrium if the volume calculated for the design of the smoke control system includes the volume of the spaces not separated y p p from the atrium. (No limit in NFPA 101) Sprinkler protected glass
Component Interface height above highest walking surface open to the atrium Design fire size
2003 IBC
NFPA 101 / 92B 2009 IBC 6 ft. Determined by Analysis Determined by Analysis 1.5 times egress
2000 BTU/s
Axisymmetric 20 min
Example Atrium
Exhaust Free Area for make-up Requirement (cfm) air @ 200 ft/min (ft2)
195,930 664,430 479,655 207,830 980 3,320 2,400 600*
* Fire modeling may show make up air > 200 ft/min is acceptable make-up
Fire modeling permitted with a third party review (MA only) Variances for fire modeling are no longer required
Exhaust Rates
Exhaust Requirement (cfm) Open Floors 1 thru 5 1 thru 4 1 thru 3 1 thru 2 1 780 CMR 6th Edition 195,927 138,313 89,269 49,631 8,604 8 604 IBC 664,430 487,593 337,603 187,613 35,948 35 948
Egress
Access to required exits outside the atrium boundary
Fire M d li Fi Modeling
Used to estimate actual smoke production and p spread.
Atrium Egress
Access to required exits without entering the atrium and allowing the smoke to lower down.
154 ft
208 ft
Thank you.
This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems program.
QUESTIONS?
Kevin S. Hastings, P.E., LEED AP Jay A. Ierardi, Ph. D, P.E., LEED AP KSH@RWSullivan.com 617.337.9319 617 337 9319 JAI@RWSullivan.com 617.337.9321 617 337 9321