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Title the Study Problem Statement Hypothesis Variables

Activity 6.3 (Experiment) 65 Determining the vitamin C content in various fruit juices

Aim / Objective of To determine the vitamin C content in various fruit juices Do different types of fruit juices contain similar amounts of vitamin C? Lime juice contains a higher concentration of vitamin C compared to pineapple juice and orange juice.

Manipulated variable: Types of fruit juices Responding variable: Volume of fruit juice needed to decolourise DCPIP solution Fixed variable: Volume of DCPIP solution and standard concentration of ascorbic acid solution 1.0% dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) solution 0.1% ascorbic acid solution Freshly prepared lime juice Freshly prepared pineapple juice Freshly prepared orange juice Specimen tubes 1 ml syringe 5 ml syringes with needles 50 ml beakers Gauze cloth Knife / Scalpel Measure and determine the volume of standard vitamin C solution needed to decolourise of a fixed volume of DCPIP. Measure and determine the volume of juice needed to decolourise the same volume of DCPIP. Calculate the vitamin C content of juice by comparing it with the standard vitamin C solution.

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Number Pg. Title the Study Problem Statement Hypothesis Variables

Activity 6.8 (Experiment) 72 Studying the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants

Aim / Objective of To study the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants What are the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants? / Do macronutrient deficiency have any effects on plant growth and development?

Plant grows healthily in a complete Knops solution Macronutrient deficiencies affect plant growth and development. Manipulated variable: Components of minerals in culture solution Responding variable: Growth of the seedling / Condition of the plants Fixed variable: Volume and concentration of solution, size and type of maize seedlings, amount of air that is pumped into the jar, amount of sunlight, surrounding temperature

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Maize seedlings Potassium nitrate (KNO3) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) Ferum(III) phosphate (FePO4) Cotton wool Black paper Distilled water Glass jars Rubber bungs with holes Straight glass tubes to fit into the holes of the rubber bungs L-shaped delivery tubes to the connected to a vacuum pump Knife Observe the effects of different deficiencies on young maize seedling. Maize seedling are under identical conditions of light, temperature and moisture.