CELL SEARCH

When UE is switched ON for 1st time in Network It searches the available operator in the downlink spectrum 2110 2170 Mhz i.e. 60Mhz / 5 = 12 carriers by searching the Synchronization Channel. P-SCH -> Time Slot Synchronization (Occupies 1st 256 chips in every 2560 chips time slot) i.e. a fixed code is transmitted every time slot. P-SCH x <a,a,a,-a,-a,a,-a,-a, a,a,a,-a,a,-a,a,a>, where a=<1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1, -1, 1>

S-SCH -> Frame Synchronization (Occupies 1st 256 chips in every 2560 chips time slot) -> Primary Scrambling Group (i.e. 1 of 64 Primary Scrambling Group) S-SCH z <b,b,b,-b,b,b,-b,-b, b,-b,b,-b,-b,-b,-b,-b>, where b=<1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1, 1, 1, -1> 16 S-SCH codes are available and as per the predefined 3GPP table (Primary Scrambling Group / Time Slot) 1 code is transmitted in each Time slot. These 256 chips are un-scrambled. P-SCH & S-SCH are orthogonal to each other. P-CPICH -> This channel transmits the Primary Scrambling Code (i.e. 1 of 8 Primary Scrambling Codes in the above found Primary Scrambling Group) -> This common channel is also used for Handover & for providing power & phase reference to other channels. P-CCPCH -> System Broadcast Information (PLMD ID, URA ID, SFN, Cell information, etc.) SCH & P-CCPCH are time multiplexed.

PAGING
When UE is registered with the Network, it can receive any Paging message from the Network. (RRC Connection request, SMS, Cell update information, etc) PICH -> Paging Indicator (300 bits of which 288 bits is used for PI and remaining 12 bits are unused) Default value is 36 PIs. DRX Discontinuous Reception; DRX cycle is 26 = 64 Radio Frames i.e. 640 ms So the Network pages the UE in 1 of these 64 Radio frames, for remaining 63 Radio frames UE is asleep. S-CCPCH -> Paging Message Offset between PICH & S-CCPCH is 2 ms.

ACCESS
When the UE wants to initiate a connection, send a control signal or send an SMS etc. 1 Access Slot = 2 Time Slots 1 Access Radio Frame = 2 Radio Frames So 1 Access Radio Frame is 20 ms and 15 Access Slots, each slot is 5120 chips. PREAMBLE -> Used in asserting Tx power at which the NodeB wants UE to access the Network. (OPEN LOOP POWER CONTROL) Preamble is 1 of the 16 Signatures repeated 256 times (They are not spread i.e. no OVSF) This signature is of length 16 bits, so 16x256 = 4096. These signatures are also called HARMAD codes. AICH -> Acquisition Indicator (20 ms / 15 Access Slots / each slot have 16 indicators) The Network resends the signature used by the UE as confirmation. Access Service Class 0 (highest priority subscriber) to 7 (lowest priority subscriber) MAC layer in the RNC allocates access channels to the UE based on subscriber priority. Time between UE sending another Preamble is 3 Access Slots. Time after which an Acquisition Indicator comes from Network is 1.5 Access Slots. PRACH -> Message 10 or 20 ms Radio frame.

CONNECTED STATE
DPCH -> DPCCH Layer 1 Control Signal (TFCI, TPC, FBI) -> DPDCH Layer 2 Data (DRB) or Layer 3 Control Signal (SRB) In downlink DPCCH & DPDCH are time multiplexed. In Uplink DPCCH & DPDCH are I/Q multiplexed.