Comparison of Microcontrollers with Human Brain

1)Shridhar pandey Student at East Point College Of Engineering and technology,Bangalore Shridhar2389@yahoo.com Blog: www.mprobrain.blogspot.com 2) Midhuna S. Kumar Student at East Point College Of Engineering and technology,Bangalore Mithunair28@gamil.com

Abstract In todays world microcontroller is become a necessity. Its application is extended to a wide variety of fields. Its journey from the toy car to super computers, thus giving its priority in the field of electronics. The idea of microcontroller is based on the functioning of human brain. As each part of the human brain organises and controls the activities of the human body, the microcontroller divides its work among various components and peripherals attached to it. This paper gives a brief idea of our research on how microcontrollers are compared and functioned like a human brain. Keywords-Microcontrollers, brain-midbrain, forebrain, hindbrain, memory. INTRODUCTION The microcontroller is a computer on-chip. The microcontroller controls the peripheral devices connected to it, also processes the instructions given by the user and drives, with whom the devices is connected .
I.

A microcontroller is interfaced with peripheral devices same way the brain is interfaced with all parts of human body. The microcontroller is divided into different sections such as RAM,ROM,CPU,ALU etc. all these sections have their own functions. Same way a brain is also subdivided into different sections such as forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
II.
COMPARISON OF FORE BRAIN WITH MICROCONTROLLER

Forebrain is the most sensible part of a human brain it consists of a memory area. Memory: The term memory is derived from a Latin word Memories, which means long remembrance or Historical account. There are three types of memories n brain: 1) Sensory memory 2) Short term memory (STM) 3) Long term memory (LTM) Same way a microcontrollers have two types of memories: 1) Random access memory (RAM) 2) Read only memory (ROM)

The brain is the most sensitive part of the human body, as microcontroller gives instructions to the devices connected to it,in same manner brain commands entire activity of human body ,brain sensors and react on every reaction against movement starting from eye lashes to solesh(planter surface).

The short term memory is that which retains the information for approximately 20 seconds. It also referred as a working memory because it is the memory system the information is actively processed. Likewise , In microcontrollers RAM is referred as a STM(short term memory), it is used for temporary storing the data and intermediate results used during the operation of the microcontrollers and contents of it is cleared once the power supply is OFF. The memory system in which the storage of information is more than 20-30 seconds, is called as long term memory. The storing capacity is large. Likewise, in microcontrollers the ROM(Read only memory) is referred as a LTM(long term memory)it is the type of memory used to permanently store the data. In microcontrollers the ALU(arithmetic logic unit) is used for arthematic operations, same way in human brain semantic memory is used for it. A semantic memory is a subpart of LTM.

COMPARISON OF LTM AND ROM Characteristics LTM ROM Duration Years, Lifetime infinite Infinite Years, Lifetime infinite

Capacity

Based on the device Parallel Communication

Retrieval

Parallel distributed search

In Microcontroller the PC(program counter) is an engine running the program and points to the memory address containing the next instruction to execute, same way in brain procedural memory is used to perform skilled tasks. III COMPARISON OF HIND BRAIN WITH
MICROCONTROLLER

COMPARISON OF STM AND RAM Characteristics STM Duration 20 SEC. RAM Till Power failure Based on the device PONS It communicates and coordinates between the two hemispheres of the brain. Same way microcontroller communicate with the external peripheral connected to it such as ADC, DAC, temperature sensors etc.. CEREBRUM The major functions include intelligence, determining personality, thinking , perception, reception, producing and understanding languages. Interpretation of sensory impulses, planning and organisation, power sensation- these are also performed by the cerebrum. Similarly, microcontroller performs all these tasks using C programming or assembly language programming.

Capacity

large

Retrieval

Serial Serial Exhaustion communication communication

TEGMENTUM MEDULLA The medulla connects the brain and the spinal cord. The medulla controls involuntary actions as the heart beat, breathing, and blood pressure. It is subconscious. Same way buses in microcontroller are used for the various connections, timers used to measure the number of clock cycles and counters used to check the count. It is basically involved in motor functions. It regulates some autonomic attention. Same way the microcontroller decodes and process the instructions given by the user. CONCLUSION The idea of microcontroller is based according to working of human brain, while the working of human brain is developed according to age step by step. While in microcontrollers, the programs are downloaded at a single instance. References
1) http://mprobrain.blogspot.in/2011/07/compa rison-of-microcontrollers-with.html 2) Human anatomy part-3 by B.D. Chaurasia 3) http://www.fi.edu/learn/brain/index.html

BUSES in Microcontrollers: In microcontrollers, there are three types of buses, data bus, address bus, control bus. The buses is a bundle of wires grouped together to serve a single purpose. Same way the brain is consisting of nervous which is subdivided into two different nerve system such as CNS(central nerve system ) and PNS(peripheral nerve system). The operation of CNS is as of address bus , while the operation of PNS is as of data bus. IV MIDBRAIN The job of CPU is to control the operations of the computer, same way the midbrain controls operation of human body and the hindbrain and forebrain. The midbrain fetches, decodes and process the instructions given by the different parts of the body. Same way the CPU fetches, decodes and process the instructions given by the user. TECTUM The mid brain fetches the response from the eyes and ears as visual and auditory response respectively. Same way the microcontroller fetches the data from the peripherals and the devices connected to it.