INTRODUCTION

OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) is a flat light emitting technology, made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. OLEDs can be used to make displays and lighting. Because OLEDs emit light they do not require a backlight and so are thinner and more efficient than LCD displays(which do require a white backlight). OLED T.V. An OLED TV screen uses a new display technology called OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes). OLED televisions are brighter, more efficient, thinner and feature better refresh rates and contrast than either LCD or Plasma.

HISTORY OF OLED
The first observations of electroluminescence in organic materials were in the early 1950s by A. Bernanose and co-workersat the Nancy-Universit, France. OLED history in brief are following

1950 - Luminance in organic materials is discovered in France. 1998 - Green Organic LED Shows High Efficiency 2000 - LG Electronics develops organic EL displays for mobile gadgets 2001-May - Toshiba Develops World's First 260,000-Color Polymer OLED. 2002- February - Samsung SDI develops 2.2-inch AM OLED for mobile phones. 2005- November - China's first OLED production line set up. 2006-September - the first 'Nokia' phone with an OLED display. 2007-October - Sony announces the XEL-1, the first ever OLED TV (11") 2009- November - The world's first OLED TV, the Sony XEL-1 (11") starts to sell in Japan for 1,800$ December - LG buys Kodak's OLED unit 2010-December - Google to release the Nexus One phone with a 3.7" touch OLED January - Samsung's IceTouch is the world's first product with a transparent OLED 2011-January - Sony want to make flexible OLEDs "as soon as possibe" February - Sony annoucnes professional 17" and 25" OLED monitors August - Sony announces OLED microdisplays and five products that use them August - OSRAM's new OLED lighting pilot production line is now on line 2012-January - LG and Samsung unveil 55" OLED TVs to be released in 2012 January - Dupont build a $30 million OLED TV pilot production line February - Konica Minolta developed a printed-electronics inkjet head, samples soon Febraury - Samsung spins-off LCD division, will focus on OLED displays

INVENTION OF OLED T.V.

OLED T.V was brought by Sony company. The name was XEL-1 It was the world's first OLED TV which was back in December 2007. But it was realesed and produced in 2008. The XEL-1 was actually more of a technology prototype than a commercial set - it was only produced in small quantities. The picture quality, colors and contrast were great. The cost of OLED TV was 2500$

XEL-1(INVENTED BY SONY)

TECHNICAL DETALS
OLEDs are made by placing thin films of organic (carbon based) materials between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. The OLED materials emit light and do not require a backlight (unlike LCDs). Each pixel is a small light-emitting diodeOLED TV panels offers several advantages over LCDs: Faster refresh rate, better contrast and better color reproduction Thickness: the LG's EL9500 for example is just 1.7mm thick. We've seen prototypes of OLED televisions that are merely 0.3mm thick! Better viewing angle - almost 180 degrees Greener: OLEDs draw less power, and contain no bad metals OLED panels can potentially be made flexible and/or transparent... The basic OLED TV design (called a "True-OLED" TV) uses 3 color OLED sub-pixels (Red, Green and Blue) to create each 'pixel'. But some companies are using a different archicture, called WOLED-CF which uses four white OLED subpixels with color filters on top (RBG and W). This is also called a RGBW design. The WOLED-CF technology was developed by Kodak and it should make the OLED panel easier to make. However it will also be less efficient. LG Display's OLED TVs which will be released in 2012 will be based on this design.

CONSTRUCTION OF OLED T.V.

An OLED consists of the following parts: (i) Substrate (clear plastic,glass ,foil) (ii) Anode (transparent) (iii) Cathode (iv) Conducting & Emissive Layers

The basic OLED TV design (called a "True-OLED" TV) uses 3 color OLED sub-pixels (Red, Green and Blue) to create each 'pixel'. But some companies are using a different archicture, called WOLED-CF which uses four white OLED subpixels with color filters on top (RBG and W). This is also called a RGBW design.

OPERATION:

An OLED T.V. is a combination of three parts, these parts are as following: 1. Audio section 2. Video section 3. Picture T ube

Basic operation of an OLED T.V.

ANTEENA A television antenna is used for the reception of over the air broadcast television signals, which are transmitted at frequencies from about 41 to 250 MHz in the VHF band, and 470 to 960 MHz in the UHF band. TUNER -At the anteena signals from different sources are present. However with the help of tuner circuit the desired signal is selected.But this selected signal is very weak so this selected weak signal is amplified by the R.F. amplifier.

IF AMPLIFIER- IF amp is used:

To amplify the intercarrier IF signal available to the vision IF subsystem. To recover the detected audio signal. To amplify the audio signal and to deliver the required power to the loudspeaker.

DEMODULATER/FILTER: After the I.F.amp.,the signal is applied at the input of demodulater which extracts the original modulating signal. In order to equalise the low frequency and high frequency components of the I.Fsignal, a filter named a Nyquist filter is used in receivers. AUDIO AMPLIFIER: To get a particular voltage level, the audio signal is amplified by a power amplifier,so that it activate the loudspeaker. LOUDSPEAKER: After that loudspeaker converts this audio electrical signal into audio sound signal. VIDEO SECTION: This section is also consist by R.F.Tuner, video I.F.amplifier, video detector and video amplifier.These operations are same as audio section. SYNC SEPERATOR- Sync separator is a clipper stage that can seperate sinc pulses amplitude from camera signal in composit video signal. Sync separator is provide timing pulse to vertical and horizontal time base circuit for control the frequency.

VERTICAL TIME BASE-

ADVANTAGES
1. HIGH EFFICIENCY This display technology use power more efficiently than existing LCD and other TVs. With Tvs getting larger, they are becoming an increasingly energy intensive consumer of electricity. Purchasing power efficient TVs will save money and critical energy resource

2. VERY THIN
Much thinner and lighter weight than existing PDPs and LCDs, this displays can be the thickness of a pane of glass,and with gainsmadein flexible electronics could get even thinner.They can also be lightweight enough so that even large OLED screens will be easily moved or hung on the wall.

3. COST EFFECTIVE
While the first Organic displays hitting the market today are expensive, those prices will fall dramatically as the technology matures and volume ramps. Ultimately, OLED televisions will prove more cost effective because they require fewer materials and fewer processing steps than LCDs and PDPs

4. SUPERIOR PICTURE QUALITY OLED TV has superior picture quality than others. It has high quality of brightness, contrast and power.

DISADVANTAGES OF OLED T.V. 1. Its costs more to produce an OLED than it does to produce an LCD although this should hopefully change in the future, as OLEDs has a potential to be even cheaper than LCDs because of their simple design. 2.OLEDs have limited lifetime 3.OLEDs can also be problematic in direct sunlight, because of their emmissive nature

FUTURE ASPECTS
OLEDs can be made flexible, or transparent. In the future we might see an OLED displays that is actually rollable. OLEDs will be so thin and transparent that they will just be invisible when not in use It turns out that because OLEDs are thin and simple - they can be used to create flexible and even transparent displays. This is pretty exciting as it opens up a whole world of possibilities:

Curved OLED displays, placed on non-flat surfaces Wearable OLEDs Transparent OLEDs embedded in windows OLEDs in car windshields New designs for lamps And many more we cannot even imagine today...

MARKT VALUE OF OLED T.V.

There have been a few OLED TVs on the market so far. Sony had its OLED a few years back, but the set was so expensive that it never took off thanks to that price. Eventually the cost of the OLED panels will come down and we will see the TVs on the market at prices consumers might be willing to pay. The sets promise better image quality, thinner profiles, and less power consumption. While the first Organic displays hitting the market today are expensive, those prices will fall dramatically as the technology matures and volume ramps and as price will fall there demand will increase automatically.

COMPANIES OF OLED T.V.

There are many OLED and OLED T.V.s companies who manufacture or distribute OLED technology. Some companies are following: Toppoly Optoelectronics Chi Mei EL Corporation (CMEL) Sony Samsung LG Inteltronic