Types of Cast and Indications

Cast

Is a temporary immobilization. Types:

Plaster Fiber glass Function

To promote healing and early weight bearing. To support, maintain and protect realigned bone. To prevent or correct deformity

To immobilize Cast Application Apply the stockinette. Apply the wadding sheet.

1. 2.

3. Fiber glass or the plaster cast Contraindications 1. 2. 3. 4. Pregnancy Skin disease Swelling Open wound

5. Infection Nursing Interventions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Handle wet cast with palms of hands, not fingers. Cast should be allowed to air dry. Elevate the cast on one or two pillows during drying. Observe hot spot and musty odor, which is signs and symptoms of infection. Maintain skin integrity petalling Do neurovascular checks such as skin color, skin temperature, sensation, mobility and pulse. Assess for vascular occlusion. Adhesive tape petals reduce irritation at cast edges.

9. Prevent complication of mobility. Types Of Cast, Molds And Indications 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Airplane cast for humerus and shoulder joint with compound fracture. Basket cast for severe leg trauma with open wound or inflammation. Body cast for lower dorso-lumbar spine affectation. Boot leg cast for hip and femoral fracture. Cast brace for fracture of femur (distal curve) with flexion and extension. Collar cast for cervical affectation. Cylindrical leg cast for fractured patella. Delbit cast for fracture of tibia or fibula. Double hip spica cast for fracture of hip and femur.

10. Double hip spica mold cervical affectation with callus formation. 11. Frog cast for congenital hip dislocation.

12. Functional cast for fractured humerus with abduction and adduction. 13. Hanging cast for fractured shaft of the humerus. 14. Internal rotator splint for post hip operation. 15. Long arm circular cast for fractured radius or ulna 16. Long arm posterior mold for fractured radius or ulna with compound affectation. 17. Long leg circular cast for fractured tibia-fibula. 18. Long leg posterior mold for fracture tibia-fibula with compound affectation. 19. Minerva cast for upper dorsal or cervical affectation. 20. Munster cast for fractured radius or ulna with callus formation. 21. Night splint for post polio. 22. Pantalon cast for pelvic bone fracture 23. Patella tendon bearing cast for fractured tibia-fibula with callus formation. 24. Quadrilateral (ischial weight bearing) cast for shaft of femur with callus formation. 25. Rizzers jacket for scoliosis 26. Short arm circular cast for wrist and fingers. 27. Short arm posterior mold for wrist and fingers with compound affectation. 28. Short leg circular cast for ankle and foot fracture. 29. Short leg posterior mold for ankle and foot with compound affectation. 30. Shoulder spica for humerus and shoulder joint. 31. Single hip spica for hip and 1 femur. 32. Single hip spica mold for pelvic fracture with callus formation. 33. 1 and hip spica for hip and femur. 34. 1 and spica mold for hip and femur with compound affectation.

What are the Different Types of Traction?

Traction is a pulling force which is applied to a part of the body while a countertraction pulls in the opposite direction. 1. Balance Suspension Traction femoral affectation 2. Boot Leg Cast Traction hip and femur affectation 3. Braun Splint Traction temporary traction before Balance Suspension Traction 4. Bryants Traction femoral fractures, hip injuries for children below 4 yrs. old 5. Bucks Extension fractured femur and hip 6. Dunlops Traction supracondylar fracture of the humerus 7. Halo Femoral severe scoliosis 9. Halo Pelvic Girdle scoliosis and severe back pain 10. Hammock Suspension Traction affectation of the pelvis

11. Head Halter cervical spine affectation

12. Pelvic Girdle lumbosacral affectation, HNP 13. Russels Traction fracture of the femur 14. Skeletal Leg Traction fracture of the femur 15. Stove-in-Chest severe chest injury with multiple fracture

Types of Braces and Indications

1. Banjo Splint - peripheral nerve injury 2. Bilateral Leg Brace - polio 3. Chair Back Brace - Lumbosacral affectation 4. Cock-up Splint - wrist drop 5. Dennis Brown Splint - Clubfoot 6. Finger Splint - Fractured digits 7. Forester Brace - Cervico-thoraco-lumbar spine affectation 8. Jewett Brace - Lower thoracic and upper lumbar affectation 9. Milwaukee Brace - Scoliosis above t9 10. Shantz Collar - cervical affectation 11. Taylor Brace - upper throracic affectation 12. Unilateral Leg Brace - polio unilateral affectation 13. Yamamoto Brace - severe scoliosis below t9