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witii

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National Library of Scotland

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E GLEN COLLECTION OF SCOTTISH MUSIC

ssenled
se to ihe

by Lady Dorothea RugglesNational Library of Scotland,

of her brother,

memory

Major Lord
in

orge Stewart

Murray, Black Watch,

in

action

France

1914.

ZWli Januarii 1927.

0.

//.'-^

Muficks Monument; R E MEMB k ANCE R

Of
the Beft

Pral:ical
Both

Mufick,
CIVIL,
in the

DIVIU^E,
The

And

been known, to have been

that has ever World.

Divided into Three Parts.

Firfl:

PART,

Shews

a Necejpty of Singing Tfalms fVell^ in Parochial Churches^ or not to Sifig at all , Direfting, how They may be JVell Sung^ Certainly^ by Two feveral Ways, or Means ^ with an Affurance of a Terpetttal NationalQttirej and alfo (hewing, Hov/ Cathedral Mujicl^, maybe much Improved,

and Refined.

The Second
Treat 9 of the Noble Lute^
-,

PART,
Injirumertts

( the BeU of

) now made

Eafie and all Its Ocadt-Loc^d-up-Secrets Tlainly laid Open, never before Difcoveredjwhereby It is now become Qy Familiarly Eafie,zs Any InUrument of Worth, known in the World j Giving the True Reafons of Its Former and Proving Its Prefent Facility, by Undeniable Arguments 5 T)iffiadties Direding the moft Ample Way, for the u(e of the Theorboe, from off the ]>Jote, in Confort, &c. Shewing a General Way of Procuring Invention, and Tidying Voluntarily, upon the Lute, Viol, or any other Infi^rument j with Two Pritty 'Devices the One, ihewing how to Tranjlate Lefons, from one Tuning, or Infirument, to Another The other, an Indubitable Way, to know the Beli Tuning, upon any Infirument : Both done by Example.
',
-,

',

In the Third

PART,
,

The Generom

Viol

in Its ^ightefl IJfe

is

Treated upon

(bme Curious Obfervations, never before Handled, concerning

Mufick^ in General.

It,

with and

By Tho. Mace,

one of the Clerh^ of Trinity Colledge, in the Univerfity of Cambridge.

Lo 3\c^o
at His

3\c,

Printed by T. Katcliffe^^nd N. Thompfon Jor the Author,and are to be Sold by Himfelf^at His Houfe in Cambridge^znd by John Carr^

Shop

at the

Middle-Temple Gate \n Fleetfir eet^ i6y6.

..

OF SC

r;ii; .-

.^

.M..

Jtt^

i^

j^ .-A. jOi,

J^

tfB'

-^ A "^ 4^ '*

^ -^ -^

:S|-

-^ "*St *'

-^ifi

E P
^

DEDICATORY.
*OThee,
,

ISTLE
the World.

One-Ottly-Onenefs, IT}ire& My Jfeal^Defues, and Works 5 fleafetoTrote^ For Thou alone artAblt, Both Them, and Me ( And none but Thee") to make us Acceptable

Vnto

I am not of That Catholick Belief,

( I mean the Rorhan's Faith) who fee k^ Relief
Second I^aftd) from Saints j but I Thus take My Freedom^ and ( fans Complement ) Thtts make My Seeming- Bold- Addrefs : Not Judging It Crime voith Thee hut rather count Jtfit j art of my T)uty call'd for, which I owe Vnto Thy Goodnefs ^ Therifore Thus Itfljov^: Fve wonder d much, to fee what Great Ado Men make, to dedicate their fVorkf-) unto High Mortals ^ who Themfelves can no veay Save, From th' Slandrous Tongues, of every Envious Knave. Thou (^only") ^rf The Able-True- Prote(aor 5
( At
th'

-,

Oh

be

my

Shield, T>efender,

and T^ireUor,
/,

Then

fure wefjall be Safe.

know'ji, (

Thou

Searcher of All Hearts^ how

With Right-Downright-Sincere-Sincerity, Have Longed Long, to do fome Little Good, ( According to the Bejl I underjiood ) JVith Thy Rich Tallent, though by me made ^oor For which I Grieve, and will dofo no more. By Thy Good Grace AJJifiing, which I do Mofi Humbly beg for : Oh Adjoyn It, to My Longing- Ardent-Soul 5 And have Rejpeif To This my weak Endeavour 5 and Accept (/ Thjs Great Mercy) both of It, and Me, Evn as We dedicate Our Selves to Thee*

AN

EPISTLE
TO ALL

DIVINE READERS;
ESPECIALLY,

Thofe of the Difcenting Miniflry , or

Clergy^

who want not only

5^///,

hut Good 'Will x.q

This Moft Excelling-Part oi Di'vine-Ser'vke ^ viz. Singing of Ffalms^ Hymns ^ and Spiritual Songs ^ to the Praife of the Almighty^ in the PHblic\Affemhlies of
His Saints
;

And yet more

Particularly, to All Great^

and High Terfons^ Siifervifors^ Majiers^ or Go'vernors. of the Church, (if any fuch fliould be)wanting 5^//, or Good- Will Thereunto.
Ext unto God, / turn my
Self to Tou, High Men <?/ Honour, Judging It your Tine Tou are the Chiefeft Objefts^/ Rejpe^ ,

to RefincTur

cathedral-

chnrch-Mu-

How ChurchMufickiscome
to Decay.
ft5

not dotj Example is The Thing 5 OneWay,rphich -,Your Selves to Sing: y-^^^ ^^^^ ^-^ ^^=, f^^ ^^^^ ^^^ Vulgar >, Such Worthy Prefidents, Their Leaders be, Jf ho Exercife Therein, and Lead the Van, They will be brought to't, do they what they can 5 J^f^f. gthermfe. for want of fuch Example, ,. t/;/j J Jj. ^L T \i Tis meanly Vallu a, and on It they irample : And by That Great Dcfeft, fo long unjought.

^5>M9is^&!^^^v

And Therefore you ( if Any ) might Trote^ Such Works as Thefe:But not by your Great Names5 Renowned Titles; Worlhipnefles 5 Fames:
Thofe
.

vpill

Ther's but

Our
An Eiiceiienc
GrcaandDivine Perfons.

Beft Church-Mufick's well-nigh brought to Nought.

Beiides,

jvi?

Robes Adom High Perfons,

like to Tt,

A^ Ornamcots^r Pure Y)Wmt$ more

T)oes certainly

Fit.

That Councel givn by the Apojile Paul,

Extend toChrifiians AUk

Ffpecially

"

An Epiftle to the ^Dhine "Readers.

y^nd
EfpeciallytoYou, tpho Leaders are therefore Judg'd to have the Greatef Gafe. Colloffians the 3d. the i6th. Verfe,
-j
,

( Turn to the Tlace 5 ) That Text mU Thm R^herfe^ ( Viz. ) Let th' Word of Chrift dwell in you Plentioufly, C What Follows ? Mufick in Its Excellency ) Admoniniing youf^felves, (^ in Sweet Accherd )
In Singing Pfalms/Avith

Chrifts

Com-

mand
uie of

for the
Ic.

Gtaddunto the
.

LORD.
.,

Sed fine Arte, That cannbt ks Mht^^ .. Et fine Arte, Better let atmp' Tie Flint you to ait Emmefit Ejiampld^iin jUI

A Moa Emipent Example

in Mufick,

.,\ mas a Singer, Singularly 'Ample' ^' Prophet a^^Sf, Though not a Prieft, yet Fea And did All Priefts, and Prophets far ftrfdfs^ Jn This fame Art 5 and in It Sang fo Welly That Fe, The Singer Sweet of Ifrael,
.

Who

worchy Imitation.

Was cali'd. Be was both Prophet, and Great King of Fame, O/High-Tranrcendent-Ads T) A V IT) l?f Name, Man (Recorded) rf/tef* Gods own Heart 5 And ( Scripture fays ) could Sing, and Play His P&rt 5 we^w Thole Inftruments, rphiehThofe Or elfe, * Four Thoufancli!/.r'JI,C iK Chronicles) He fii&o/e ToTraifethe Lor^with? Naty, Mnch more than That, He did^ /(7n>4)'<5^j That Great Work Butivatye what^x

33:'/:;^if

iChr. 35.

The Greatcft Qnire mtb&

World.

HemadeThoih\n^x\xn\ems-.i Tphichfldevps^ThatBe "Did more than Siightly 'Prize This Myfterie ; And had much more than Ordinary S\iU : Nor was He Lazie in His Mind, or Will , i7e ?( Mechanick, Mufieus, ^^^s/Poet^ His Various Works in Scripture, Thinly- fk<m It^ He was not well Content wAeOne Thing : C 7%e Greateft Thing/^ jf ftjiij, i(? Ae ^. Kirig 5^^

)
,

King David's
Extraordinary
Skill,

and A-

ftivity in
fick.

MU'

Much

lejs to

be encios'd npitlkk aCe]],.

'Mongji Piles of Books, which All Things TVOHldHiw tell.,

And Hk tell Them again^r)^:as if that He Had Skjll and Knowledge^ in each Myfierik"

,.

Lip-Knoivledgewasto Himnio'Sati^a^ion^'

But V'lgovous He always' m^ fir A^kionx;.' HevpoHldbeeverUomg'fometkingj and\ What e're opposd Him^ could nwHim whthOkmdi Who can Example better fm yon be ^ 'a .V,>.\Than JHch a Man ? Tea fm>ha-Man as He rvasBelovd of God His Chofen One 3 fat upon an Everlafting Throne 5 WHOSE Towr wasfuch, as He commanded All^ j^pth Princes, Priefts, and Levites at His Call , He Summon d Thofi together^ and They came
.

The

Bert
for

Ex-

.<?'

ample

WHO WRO

-^

GrcicPerfcns, andDivines,in
the WorJd, as
to This Thing.

Chro.

iV

Immediately,

to

^Perform That fame.

Which

An
chap,
1 5. 7.

8pi^le

to

the

T>mne

Readers.

Which Hejljould Thent Command ^ and Streightpcaj They C As yoH may read ) feUclofe to Sing, and Play, Ti// they tpere Cunning j that if^ Skilftil; and
Chatter'd, /;//<^7^Underftand The Myftery, ( without aU dottbt ) foweU^ Itoat None each Other Therein did Excel 5
<?/y

AW

Verfe

8.

f^^ y^

'j'f,^f

WhoJImdd

he Firji,

T^^f^ ^^7 ^^^d. They Lots did Cafi, and whojljonld be the Laji :

* 188

So Equal were They^ Learned in Their Skilly That Any mighty Anothers 'Place wellfill. Without Def ed:, or Blemifli ; which ( infuch ^Number as we Read of "^ There ) was much AndJIjows, a Wondrous 7)illigential Care Was had, to make That Service Choicely-Rare Nor can This Service, which we now douje,
Jniiead of It ) be done without Abuje, Except filch hlints as I have given, may Trevail with You , not only fir to Say ; And Sit i and Hear ^ and Pay 5 and give Jn That fame Thing you do not underftand 5 But that you enter your own Selves into It,

Command,

Thaty That's the only way willfurely do It. ^ow can a Mafier he a Right Commander,, When as Hefiands underfio great a Slander,

-xtT^A :. Eow can He be a Judge <?/ Good, or III, When ( in That Thing ) "Defe&ive He's of S^ill ^ Or how can H^e tell, who Sings Right, or Wrong, Who in the Chorus, cannot joyn among Whatfioalllfay ^ or fl^all Ifay no more ^ Imulf go on, Tm Brim-full. Running ore : But yet fie hold, hecaufe 1 judge ye wife j And few words nntofucht may wellfufijce* But Much-much more than This, I could 'Declare^ Tet fir feme Certain Reafons Tie forbear 3 But lefs than This, I could not fay becaufi, If faying lefs, Ifijould negleU Gods Caufi 5 For 'tis His Caufe Alone, I plead fo firong forj And 'tis His Caufi-Compleated, that J long for :

AsJpnorance ^

.*

'-,

And 'tis True 'Doiirine certainly, ITreach' And 'tis That l^oUrine every Triefifi}ould Teach :
Therefore I hope your

Tardon

Jfiiall

have,
Crave.

for being Thus Boldj tie which

I Humbly

THE

mm iiiiiiiiii

PREFACE.
Lthough
have Fronted my ^<?(74) with the 3 in which I have ^reached my Sermon, upon That Text of St. Little Short Taul, ( as you will find ) Relating to the Moji
I

1)ivte Tart

True Chrijiians ExcellentTart, or Tiece of to God Almighty ; the which Tublk'liService, I Hope I have done, to the SatisfaUionof All
Rationally-Tious Chrifiians^ who do, and cannot but Account It Mofi Necejfary, to Serve Hintf, according to Hif Own Exhortxtions^ Order^ or Appointment. Yet My ifi. and ChiefT)ejign^ In Writi?7g This Book^, was only to '7)ifcover the Occult Series of the N/)f>Ie Lute, anH to fhow the Great fVorthinefs of That too much Negle&ed, and Ahujed Infirument ^ and my Good Will to

JU

My

All
It

now
And And

Loverf of /if 3 in making It Tlain and Eajie-^ ( as be found ) Giving the True Reafons, why has been Formerly)^ a Very Hard JnUrument to Play Well upon 5
the True
It

will certainly

al(b
I

believe, that Whofievcr will h\xt Trouble

why 'Hove, It is become fb Eajie^and Familiarly Tleafant: Himfe If to Read

Thofe Reafotis, whiclji he ftiall find, in the Firfi Chapter of the 2d. Tart of This Bookji iind Joyn his own Reafon, with the Reafinabtenefs of Thofe Reafons, will not be able to find the Leafi Reafon
to

ContradiU Thofe Reafons--^ But mufl: needs Conclude with Me; That the Lute is a very Ea(ie Infirument. ' That is, AnyTerfon ( Toung or Old)f]allbe Able toTerform
fo

upon It, in fo Much, or fo L_ittle Tirae'-i and Satisfactory T)elight, andTUafure-^ Tea, ^ifitwerehutonlytoTlayCommonToys, Gi^gs, or Tunes } asup'

Much, and fo

11 ell

(towards a

Full,

^ '

on

Any

Infirument whatever

yet, with This

moU

Notable,

and

CB

Admirable Exception, (for the unfpeakable Commendations of the 'Lute) that they may ( bcfides fuch Ordinary, and Common Con' tentments ) Study, and Trafice It, all the T)ays oj Their Lives 5 and yet find New Improvements j yea doubt lefs , if They fljould No Limitati Itve ttnto the Age <?/ Methufalem, Ten times over'-^ for there is no on to the * Limitation to its Vaji Bounds, Bounds, and and Bravery. Bravery of ihe ' let for Common Tleafure, (fuch as mof Ayrey^ and Ingenious Lute. * Terfons Learn upon Infirument s for ) I do Really Affirm, There
no Eafier Infirument in ufi, than is the Lute. I have (poken in That 2d. Tart to every articular Thing, (fb far as I could R.emember ) concerning Its whole Trogrefs, from
*

is

the

The
doubt of

^Preface,

the very Rndtmental Beginnings to the Figheji kni'wn TerfeBions ofltj and in fuch a Tlain, and FxaB Manner , that ]S.one can

Nothing omitttd concerning the viry Myftery of the Lute,

citlier Prafti-

ca', or
nical.

Mechacon-

Eminent

firm'd-Teltinionics, con-

cerning the
Eafinets of the Lute,

Why thft Mechanjciil Part

is

Publifh'd.

my Meaning, or of a J^ight Information concerning It 5 Norv ) the Lovers of It can find no Greater Enemy to C h^ and Themfelves, than faithkfnefs--) nor Greater Iriend, than Belief and Refolution to Attempt the Tryal of It, I have Prov'd This out, by leveral Totmg Ladies ^ and others, in London, during the Time of my Attending th& Trefs, fince I began to Trint , and Ttvo before They had &f Thofe Tonng Ladies, Learn d out their ly?. Month, ( which was bu t Tirefee Times to Their Month j were Co FuUy Satisfy d, ( by Their own Experimental Tryal) that Both of Them agi;eed in the very (ame Sayin^^ viz. ThiipThey did wonder, why any. Body Jl)OHld fay, the Lute was Hard. And Thefe Two Terfons were not at all Acquainted with each other, nor had either Seen, or Heard one another Play 3 But both Play'd fo very well for fu^ch a Time, as much Rejoyced both Themfelves, and all Jhc'ir 'Barents, aad friends, beyond SU ExpeHation. This is a RealTrutk^.oi which l- pail y^j(?<^e divers Jfitnefes^ >' if need were. \ And as to the Mechanical Tart Thereof, ( about which I have taken up the Room of 2 Chapters, viz. the ^th. and 5?^. } I apprehend, that fome will think It Js!per/?tf^ , and others, nThing too far below Them to undertake 5 which I grant maybe for
Co that
<

No Injury to an Honeft
Work-man.

Grc.it Lofs

for

want of the Know, ledge of It.

very many; yet Belaw None to be able to kfww bow It fJjoHld bt done^ or wh&n Well, or 111 done ; fo that Thereby They may not be GuU'd, ovTheirln^rttment Injur dby Comelgnorant, Carelefs, or KniiviJhWork:fant, who too often Abufe both 7if,and the Owners^ which He dttrft not venture to do^ but that he prefumes They are v/holly Ignorant of Ejs Art. Befides, I have known many, Living in the Countrey, ( Remote from Good Work: men ) upon fome very Slight Mifchance happening to their Inflrument, ( for want of That Knowledge, which Here they may find ) quite Lay It by ^ and the Injirument,. for want of Timely Jjfjfiance, has grown Worfe andWorJe, (Ibmetimes) to Its Vtter Ruine. Thefe are no Small Inconveniences.
Befides, ( to fome fort of Ingenious , and AUive Terfons, (although oi Quality ) there is a Satisfa&ory Recreation, attending luch Agitations. And whereas in my Fxprejftonsl am very Tlain, and T)ownright, and in my Teaching-Tart, feem to TautoUogize ; It would beConfider'd, (and whoever has been a 7eaf/6er, will Remember ") that the Learners muft be Tlainly dealt with, and muft have Several Times Renewed unto Them the fame Thing ; which according to my Long, and Wonted Way of Teaching, I have found very Efe&ual-:, Therefore I have chofen fo to do infeveral Tlahec&uCe I had rather ( in fuch Cafes ) fpsak.^Words too Maces ny, than one SiUabU too Tew.
')

But

The
my "Difiourfe

Treface,

But if I had been only to have fpoke to Tkofe of Experience and to (how the Elegancy of my "tongne , I (hould have conBut in that I intend It have not (poke Much too Much : chiefly for L^armrs^X conceive I And whereas I may feem too Smartfit Satj/rical,\n ComeTarticular laces, concerning the Great j4hufe, and jhnfers ofMfife.'i^j I do not at all Repent me, as thinking what is (aid to (uch III deferving Terfonf, Much too Little. 'Tis like I may be condemn'd by fbme^ for (peaking (b Confitlently, againft the General Sning of the Times, fo very much in Force, and EJiimation* The Truth is, I have confider'd i that if I (hould (ay Any Thin^ to the Turpofe , I cannot tell how to (ay otherwise , except t Ihould be a Time-Server ; to Cenni'be, T)i(fem[>le , Flatter , and Speaks agaiftji my oven Knowledge , dnd Confcience 5 in Joyning With what is Sleight, and Trivial, and for(aking that which is Solid, and Sttbjiantial--) which, (* I thanks God ) I have been too Long,znd. WeU Grounded in,to Renonnceymd to Turn me (novp) to
triv'd

into another Shape

-^

Embrace

Jingles, Toys, or Kickjtjatoes

which

at This T^ay^ too

Generally hear Sway, to the Great Prejudice , both and the Tnie Lovers of It.

of the Art^

If This Apology will not (erve, to Excufe the Errafs'ln my 00^, of Tho(e Natures, 5 I mull: reft fatisfied, to undergd the Brunt of It. The Beft on t is, I need not Fear, any Judicious Majiers, or other Ingenious Knowing Solid Terfons, ((ome (uch, God be thanked, we have (till Living ; ) and as for others, I am as Carekfs, as They can be Envious. And although Thefe InJiru&ions,Are chiefly intended for Lear^ fiers--, yet ( upon due Examination, it will be found) they may be of Good, and Necefary ufe, to (bme Toung, Raw, and Unexperienced Teachers, who are often too Confident of their Owft Suppofed-Skjll, and Ways. But the Chief Sum of the whole Work,if : That Tt JJidUjiand as The Sum, and * a Monument, or Remembrancer of the Very Bejl Terformances in ^j""^" ^^^\^ * Mufickj, (both TJivine, and Civil) which have been known in the EooL ^ * World and ( as to the Civil Tart) Tra&izd by the Be^ ' Majiers of Thefe laji $0 Tears ^ Better than Which, no Memory ^ of Man, Record, or Author can be produced^ which can fay. That ' Ever there was Any that could Equal It j nor certainly Any Ever ...im. ^ likely to Exceed It. ' But yet more efpecially, as to the articular Benefit of Any "f;^ * Terfon making This Book, whether He be Skilful, or not ufe of ' Skilful in the Art:, yet if He fjall employ a Teacher in His Fa mily, for His Children, or Others j Hefhall nicd, but fo turn to the * Contents, whatfoever Bnfinefs may be in Hand'-y and by That, He of * may be able to judge ( ExaUly ) of the Right, or Wrong T)ea* ling offuch a Teacher ^ and may ( if He have any Jndiferent
'
^'.
-^

Skill in Song

) Teach Himfelf

without the Ajfifiance of any other

Teacher.

The

'

The
of Tiocuring
[i.v,.n!iO!i,

Preface,

or Playing
Voluntarily.

Concerning the Langiuge of Mufick

The Divinity
of Muficlc.

The Hi^ts and TjinUions which I have given, as towards the laying Voluntarily, will be of no Procuring oF Invcntim^ or Small^ but Great Advantage, to any who are capable of fuch Observations, and will take Good Notice of the manner of Them, in Their Fxplanation-^the Way to which may be Plainly Perceiv.ed, in the whole Nnmher of LeJSons, quite through the Bwkz- ' And whereas I Treaty and Compare^ or Similize Mtiflck^ to Language^ would not have That thought a Tantacyfi'cYiU'ionzYox who(bever fhall Experiente It, as I have done, and confider It Rightly, nauft needs Conclude the fame Thing ^ there being no Tajfion in Man, but It will Excite, and Stir Mp, ( Efc^tially ) even as Language, or 1)ifcourfe Jt felf can do. This, very many Vfrill acknowledge with me. But whereas I Simjlize It to Tiivinity, &c;. I am riot unlenfibJe, but too-too many will T^jfce77t from me, in That ^Particular concerning 14 hie h, I (hall Conclude my Treface v/'nhTheJe following ., jRhimes, andon\yTh^f/iHch/ay.

'

'

'

-,

Where in This Booh^, in certain

7)o mention Mufich^^ in
Its

'Places^
5

Myfiery
tell

And in Its

Vaji Profundity, do

Such Stories, as perchance vpon't Relijl) rpell. In th' Ears offome To whom Ithus much fay , Let Them gQ Tra&ice well, to Sif7g aud ^layi And Stndy in the Art, as m%ich as 1 Then, may They VnderfiandJts Myfiery, 'Tis Foolifinefs in Mek, As I have done. ToContradid, they know not what ; and when
-,

They'v done, 'Pretend Authority

becaufe

Theyrfome ways Leant d

Therefore their

Words

are

Laws

They think^-i cr elfe would have Them fo , but I Tjo understand, that True Authority, Comes from True Knowledge, Experience, 7That Same Thing, of Which It gives Its Sence, And by no other means. pJow can a Blind Man, Judge of Colours be, 11 hichfljould be Jndgd, by Thofe, who Well can See ? plow can a T^eaf Man Judge of Seunds, by th' Ear^ Who, Thundring Cannons, cannot caufeto Elear i? Or how can He, who X^nderflanding Lacks, Jn th' Myifery, be Judge although He Cracks Never fo much, of His Great Wit, and Parts ^ True Artijis They mufi be, who Judge of Arts. Therefore, Forbear to Judge, who e're you be, that Thus Jn your own Confcience, are Thus Confcious Let Things Alone, you do notZJnderJiandj Take Them on Truft, rather at th^ Second-Hand j 'Tis far more Crditfo to do, than Vant OfSkilh and Knowledge, when your Ignorant.

^W

.?

The

The Preface,
The Fool, ojientimes by Silence, Credit gains. And is thought Wife, whiin Wifelings for their Taint, ^ " "^ In Talking, (^ are kmven for Fools , yet They to C Through Self-Conceit ) will fiill find what fay^ their Talk^, Though little to the Tur^ofe'^ and Much like to Tarrots, vho Cry, Walk.Knave Walkij Though Nought they underjiand, as to the Sence 3 Jet think.Themfelves the Birds ef Eloquence.
PFirat

Here I'^e faid, F'oefaid to

is

None rbut Such,

Whofe KnowleHge,

Beneath their Tongues, toQrMch,

And if I've faid too

much, they' I fay I'm Sorry not at allj For much ynore unto Such, I m^' And not be CriminalU

..

.:.

tl I

?.

i^l JUilt^.imlm

the

^.\'5t

f2"snK"i:,r:o,.*

\^

flffffiffijlfllllflflll^

E PI ST L E
THANKFULNESS,
3^0'BLe
'

U^ S C ^W E ^:^S

To

all

my

hut Heav'ti? Tfffpirwg Arts JntojomeCzrtain%o\ikof'^oxxh.^Vaxx.^ And TmWritig themX^at leali^rvithjo much Love^ That Nothing fiemsfi Good, Theji'l'Trize, above Such Excellent Endowments 5 xchich theyjbow^ By Countenancing All Things^ that they k^ovp Are Irit^ and Worthy to be Known^ and Tri^'d-^ By True Ingenious Souls, and Exercisd. Loe^Her? ftch be 5 Each in This Nutfjberfi and, Jfho Freely lent, a Ready-Helping-Hand, To Raife This Work of Mine 5 tvhich othermfe Would Scarce 'been Able of It Self to Rife. Alas, Alas! Poor Arts ^ yea Artifts too'^ WcreH not for Such as Theje 5 what wouldyou do .? I fay again, wert net for Such as Thefe, Teu might go do your Eafe 5 What could you do d done, ye might go Beat your Brains And when ye" Again and have your Labour for your Tains 5 This would be your Rev?ard--y ^^ Nothing More,
.<?
-,

Hat 'DifersMeti,

Which to a Manly-Man must needs feem Toor^ But Thanks to Heav'n, whofe Wifclom's-Ordring-Might, Not only made the T^arkpefs, but the Light. Thofe Two Contraries, which in Nature he.
The
traries
ture,

Conin Nat

In JllCreatedThings, are Myi^ene, Good, could not (Troperly ) be faid to Be, Were not the 111, to caufe T)iverfltie ^ Nor could the 111, be faid to bear a Name, But for the Good, which Diff'renceth the Same. The Til in all Things, is of Ex lent ufe, Jf Men could ufe It Right, without Abufe 5

An Epifile to the Subfcribers,

The very toorfl of Evils, ( underfiood ) Was made (for certain ) to Set of the Good^
Thofe Heavy-Moulded-Saturnines, which d9 'Dejpife all Liberal-Arts ^ yea hxi\{!lstoOy

Are Pinch to be Regarded in their Tlaces, fvnli^e Black-Patches, in Fair-Ladies Faces , Which though They Bright, and Beautious were befire j Jet when Thofi Dulls appear^ They are much more
Ffleemed Fair. God 'twixt His Creatures, has V jft-Diff rence made^ Witnefs the Racey Courcer, and the Jade, 7^e Towering-Faulcon, Lefsningin his Flight, The Buzzard-Dull, the Heavy-winged Kite, The Nightingale, with Her Sweet-Jugging-Note, The Scrcech-Owle, with His Diffnal-Frightful-TotCj The Fam'd Camelion, Living on the Air, The Cormorant, who no Good Things wiU Sparer And as the Creatures Thus do plainly Jldow^ This Contrariety which All Men know ^ So may the very Same be fien'mongSl Alenj Jet 'Diffi'renc'd Thus ^ thatfcarcely One in Terl Adheres unto True Worth, But You, Renowned Worthies, rcorthy <?/Renown,

You

are the Men, High Jupiter will own: not for Thofe Vcxtwes you Retain, T<7rNoble-Breafts, 7t were inVain^ Within

And wert

For Artijis Thus tojirive, as I've done Here, ( ForTMick^Good ) in making Art appear Delightful^ Lovely; Facile 5 Acceptable

Vnto the Weaker Sort ; who are made Able Now, to Enjoy fuch Things, as formerly were Hard^ And They ( by that means ) utterly 7)ebarrd. Therejkre to You, and only Such as You Belongs all Real Praifes, as Your Due 5 You are the Men I le Value^ Love, and Pnze^ And whom ( ij any ) I would Idolize. Butlejl Tjljould both You, and Heav'n Offend, ( In Modejiy to Yours ) Fk make an End'-y Only MyJuft-Due-Debtl'lePay: My Thanks I give And Thus will own Your Favours whilH
I

'

Live.

The

The

Sidbfcrihers 0\[ames,
Wor-

The Names of T)ivers HoMonrahlc, Reverend,

Jiorfljipful,

and

very

Printing e/This Book,thy Peifons, who did Encourage towards the Each One to take a Copy of the Same.at the by Sithfcribing Their Names, the Jetting down ofThefe Trice of 12 s. But It cannot be Exfe&ed, in I^ow to t lace everjCne accordingtoth^Right Names.that I jloould k.now ofTrecedency-^nor (Jt may be) give every One His Tlue Title-^becaufe many Their Names without any Titles Exprefrd-^ ( unknown to me ) fent in fence, that I ThusfetThem down TroTherefore I hope None will take to my Bands, fromTheir own l^ and mifcuoujly, as They hapned to come Writings ^ yet J have, (as near as J could) Set Such and Such of a County, &c. to (land together--, and Begin with the City of York Firjl 5 becaufe to the Right Honourable There, 1 Firji Tendred This Bujinefs

John Lord

Frefcheville

Baron

oj

Scavely,and Governour of York.

tlich. Sterne
ft.

Reresby Sir Tho. Yar brou gh Walter Laycock

Sirjo.
Sara. Savile

Baronet.

Knight.

Gent. Gent.

Sim. Sterne

Gent.
Gent. Gent.

Hen. Eyre
Jo. Ixem Geo. Weftby

M.D.
Cler.

Lyon. Fanftiaw Sam. Brearey

Tob.
Ant.

Wickham
B.7).

Fra. Stanhope.

Wright Will. Loe Will. Ayfcough Madam Mary Harrifon.

Sir Jo.

AM.
M.B.
Knight.

Sympfon Robert Pierrepont Geo. Gregory

Will.

Gent. Gent.
.'D.

^fp
Eff-i
Efq-j

Hevvley

Jo.

Brook

Will. Brearey

LL.D
Gent-

Tho. Charleton Char. Hutchinfbn Sim Every Will. Graves

.

Efq-^
Efq-^

J.M.
Gent. Gent.

Walter Brearey Hen. Maifterman Tho. Jackfon

Chri. Hall
Jer.

Cud worth

Ben. Richards
Cler. Cler.
Cler-

Hen: Mace Eli. Micklethwaite

Tim. Wallis Geo. Tiplin Tim. Welfit
Kich.

JoH Clay
Rich.

Gent. Gent.
Gent..

Rippon

Cler.

Sam. Brunlell Joh. Brunfell

Will. Sucheverill

2).Z>.

Gent.

Cler.
Cler.

Tenant

Joh.

Tho. Prefton
Jo. Englifti

Gent. Gent. ..Si

Gent.
*?

Dand Madam Mary

Gent.
Sautiderfon

Will. Cartwright

Gent.
Cler.

Tho.Hefletine
Will. Stubs

Joh. Burton

Theo. Browning Tho. Thompron_7

Gent. I Sam.Leeke Gent. "f) Rich. Slater Gent.

;

Cler.

Tho. Fairfax Ambr. Girdler

Nath. Topham Rich. Profter Joh. Farrer Jo: Baines

Hen. Watlbn Gent ;^ Will. Deancleer

Gent. Gent.
Cler,

M.7).
Gent.
Cler.

iWill.

Levett

Ste. Mafters
Ijoh.

Cler.
Cler.

Richardfon

Gent.

Jo.

Holmes

Gent.
Cler.

Gent

Hen. Smith

Will:

The
.Will.

Subfcribers 3\[ames,
Ckr
Gent\
T/er.

Coodall Arthur Warren Edw. Carver

Phin. Mace Fra. Walfall

Will

Norwich

Ckr. Ckr. Ckr.

Ffq-^

rho: Cotchet Tho: Morton El lis Farnworth

Tir. Pet.

^^^
Ckr.

Tho: Peel Geo: Griffith Tho: Fairmeado w ^Mrsof Art. Cha: Smithfon {and fdlovpsx Will- Buckley Tho: Bainbrigg Tho: Gipps Mrs ofArt, Tho: Boteler and Fellorvs. Ga(coigne
Jof:

Gunning Bijhop o/Ely.

Sam:Scattergood
Ifa:

ZJr.JaFleetwood ^.(?/Chichefter

Newton
Wickins

Barrow Vtce-Chancell&Ty and Afr. <?/ Trin. Colledge. O.Mountague,,^,^^^^.^^^^ Mountague, J J. Baronet Sir Tho: Slater Sir Tho. Page wz/^ <?/ Rs. Coll,
T)r- I(a.

Jo. Batteley

Jo:

Mr's.J.^Fei

Jo: Ric. Staunton

Goodwin

Rob: Pafton.
Will:

Humble
Fellovp-Com-

Sir Jo:
Sir

Rous

Knight.

Hen: Hobert Knight 'Z)r.ThoHo]beckMr.^/Eman: C. =Z?r.Ja: Dupor t Afr. o/Mag: Coll:

T>r.Theop.DiIHnghamA/r.<7/Cl.H

Maurice Kay Jo:Milner Hum: Skipwith

Will Bowes
Will.

moners.

Sampfbn

L^

B 7)r R-Cudworth i\^r.o/Chr. Coll.

=Z}r.

Nat.
Ric:
Fr:

Coga
Neech
Mr't of Arty and Fellojpest
t

Spencer ikfr. <>/Ben: Coll 7}r.Fra. Turner Mr <7/J>. Johns C. Z)r Rob: King Mr. ofTxm: Hall, Hen: James Mr. ofQu. Coil. .7). Geo, Chamberlaine 2).Z).
Jo:
.

Marm: Urlin
Grigg Rob: Peachey Ed: Duncon Tho: Browne
Ric: Blyth Sam: Bale
.

Ant: Marftiall

2).*2)

Hen: More
Ra: Widdrington

7).7)
2).2).
Z).2).

and Fellows.

Tho Watfon
Hum: Babington
Will Linnet

Clem: Nevill StnioY of Trin. Col

!Z).2).

Ra: Earle Joh: Wodehoufel

Ni: Bacon
Joh: Alport
FelloTXi'Ci^M
,

Z).Z).

n/i

Tho: Belk Geo: Bright

Ja:

2).Z) 25...

Jackfon

Jo.

Boord

LL.T>,
LL.T>.

Will: Fairbrother

Ra:Flyer
Jo: Goftlin

MfD.
M.7).

O. Doyley nc? Arth: Fleetwood J Eze : Foxcroft k Tho: Palmer t Edw: Goodall ^ Matth: Rutton
Nat: Vincent Sam: Blythe
Ja:

a.

mrs'A^m
:fIoI

Peirce Brakenbury

MZ).
B'-'D,

AMfs A.&FeL

Edm: Matthewes
}a:

Lowde

Chamber'ainei

Joh: Bougton

Rich: Hook? Joh: Seamier

Joh.

Hum. Gower Fr: Roper

JoC Johnfton
Jo:

Love

Ja: Hollis

yiMrsA.&Fel

B.T>.

Hawkins

B.T>.
.7).

Sam: Heme Rich: Leach

Will;

Mich. Belk

The
WUhBucWey
Sim: Bagge

Subfcribers 3\Cantes.
HerbertAttiley DeanofNorfD.Tf.

Cha: Altton

Qeo; Whichcot
Ja:

Goodwin JoHMaryon
Luke Bagwith Tho: Houghton
Job: Spencer

Edm: VValthew
Jo:

Will: Herbert Job: Hobert Will: Crabe Ow: Hughes Tho: Tenifon Cha: Robotham Will: Adamfon Jo: Connould Hen: Mazey
Jo: Paris

T>fD.
Efqi

MfD, LIJD.
BXD. B.V.
Cler.

AM.
Ckr.

Eachard

AM.
Cler.

Jo: Spurring
Jo:

Gawen Nafh

Jo:
i-i

Pern Glover

W: Rawlcy
Joh:

Gent.
School ntajier.

Hayward

BarlowWickham Robert Eade

Hughes Geo: Oxinden Tho:Fairmeadow
Jo:

Tho: Pleafants Orgrfwz/?.

Sam: Cook Sam: Rix
Rich: Webfter Fra: Price
Fra: Emperour Will: Ferrer

Gent.

A. B.
Ckr.
Gent.

Char: Sraithlbri

5 iTho:

Burlz;

LL.BGent-

Gent. Gent*

Robert Drake
iRobert Wilfon
,

Tho: Tudway
Fr^5Cri(pe
^
,

Dan: Price
Jo:
Jo: Tuthill

c Nath: Burrel ofSudbury Mr> inMuJtck: c Hen: Bell y' Mr. JnMufick: Hen: Hoogan
I

Mr.inMufick

Cler.

Gent

M.Ty
Gent' Gent'

Brookbank

Jo: Putuertoft

Joh:

Gary
7 FelUorv.

(J JoC Oldroyd > Batehelors in A\u^ joh: Cxfar Galurd Jo: WihUrafrevile -c Tho: Felftead C Will: Afhton J Gent Ja: Roblon
Ifa: Wadington

iNich: Stratford IVarden

2)..

Fra: Mofely

Mich:
Sir

Adams

Robert

Belles

A.M. A.M.
Baronet.

Math: Barraford Ja: Spencer

Fra: Standifh

AM.
A.M.
Cler.

Tho: Flack

U
U

Mrs. Eliz. HeathiA Mrs. Sarah Lilly

'

O Joh: Workman Will: Forfter Gent Rich; Carier

Gent.
"

Cler.

Cher.
,

Jo: Wyldbore

'

Joh:Robron g Rich:VVinde

Gent.

'Dr.

Hen: Bridgeman
JJle

BiJJiop

of

Gent
EJ^;

the
Sr
Sir

of Mzn.
Knight.
Baronet.
2).Z). 2).2).

-^

Char: Studeville Captain Roger Thornton

Joh:

Will: Langham Sam: Morland

Gardiner

Badcock

Gent
Cler

8im: Patrick
Jo:

Tho: Archer
.

^.

Rich: Lee
jo:

LukeRidgeley
Peter Barwick

_C

Browne

u: Hen: Beacher

Edw: Duke
2)r.

M-T). M.T). M.T).

V Tho: Salmon

Chamberlaine >'

MT).
Robert

The
Peter Vinke Robert TatnalJ

Subfcribers 3\[ames.
^.2).

J.M.
Gent.

Lawr: Fogge, <?/Chefter Tho: Clark of Chefter

Jo: Nicolfon, g/
o:

B.T).

Ckr.

Lampen Hum: Dove

Eze:

Durham M.T).
Efq-,

Gent.

Orleber
Serjeant

c
-o

o a o

Hen: Dove Gent. Chafe Gent. Ja: Hart ofthe Royal Chap. Gent. Ja: Bryan Fairfax Eff-y Geo: Evelyn EJq--^

Tho

Tho: Brandon
Char: Blount
Jo: Sturt
Juftin

Gent. Gent. Gent. Gent.

Gent. Gent.

_)

Paget

Madam Ann Monteth

Jer:

Forcer Mr. in Mujlc^

Jofias

Chorley Tho: Clebourne

Bafil Hill
Ja:

AM
Gent.

Drake Rich: Hacker

Will:
Sir

White

Chymrgion. Organmaker.

Sam: Bifhop,^?/^ Finch ingfeiid Ckr. (T/en Jo: Bourn, eifWiltfliire

Rich: Stote K^- df Serj. at Laro Will: Lodge Gent. Fra: Bowes Gent. Will: Jenifon Gent.
Will: Faithorne,^r 3 Books.Geni.

Hum:

Salt,

the Trinter-Compofer

of This Book;

Thefe are All the Names which have been Hitherto (ent me In, from Sundry Friends, ( My Self having Vifited very Few., of the whole Number 3 ) Therefore I hope I (hall not be Blam'd, for not Publifhing the Names of !Z}iz/erj-,(who I doubt not but have already SuLfcril?ed--)hm(^as yet) not come to myHandsJthe Work^not admitting any LongerTlelay. Yet I have left This Next Tage Blank,, on Purpofe, for the Names of ^// Such Terfons., as may happly be fent 7, before the whole Imprejfion be Quite put flif : And it (b, I do intend ( God willing ) to have Them fet down in That Tage., in Thoje Books which ftiall Then Remain nn-put off

Having This Litde Room to Spare,I thought It convenient to infert Thus much, by way of Anfwer to fome, who feem to diflike my way of
Rhimino. o
iJear.,

fome

y^re,

who do pretend
,

to Spie

Faults in

my Rhimes.^
,

but give no Reafon why.

The Rhimes are Terfe&

Run

Glib,

and Smooth

and
5

in

All True-Numb er'd-Feet5 True Accent meet-^

What Jfiould They more

.-?

J'/e tell

Them

There's
!

Good Store

0/Sence, and Reafon Regard not much ; But

too
let

which They, Alas That Sleight ly pafi j

'.,

That's not the Thing They Look, for

yet JJiould be

The Chief Wife Folks deflre to Jee. If That be wanting Here ; Then let Them Shame Me If Otherwife ^ Then let Them Ceafe to Blame Me. Tet for Their Further Anfwer, let Them know, "Tis for my Recreation, Thus I do'-.

And is

And for my

jLink,Sence,

ire, why IThus jometimes and Reafon In, with Mufick-Rhimes C Tea, Solid Matter too. ) Let This Suffice To Anfwer Thofe, who are fo very PFiJe.

T leaf

A Short Epiftle totbe1{E JI> E'R ,concerning the Authors feveral

for
i

^eafom
ifi.

Writing This !B 00/^.

j

Ook^fir no Spkndid-Tainted-Outjide Here But fir a Pf^or^, devotedly Sincere )

AThingLowTri% d^inThefe toohigh-p,orvtfDays--)

Such Solid, Sober Works get Little 'Fraijej Tetfime there be,

Leve True Solidity, Jnduttto Such Brave Noble Souls I IVrite,

In Bopes
to

*^'

do both

Them, andMudck Right.

Vain or Gain

I Write

It not to pleafe the Itching

FaJJ}ioniJis,

Of Idle-Headed

Their Fond Jpplaufe j I Care for no Such Noifi. / Wfite It Only for the Sober Sort, Who love Right Mufick, and will Labour fort jind who will Value Worth in Ar t, though Old, And net Affrighted tcith the Good, though told
'7/j out ofFafiion,

id^

.-

'^

The Uca-

?y"to put in"*

what

mrd he

By^

of the Nation:

I Write It

aljo, for to

Vindicate

t^K^^ ^"4";

The * Glory f Inftruments, now out of 'Date, And out of Fa(hion Grown, ( as Many Tell ^Tis doubtful (^fure ) that All Things are not Wellj When Beji Things are Moji Sleight ed, though mofl Rare.

* The Lute.

I Write It li^ewiJe^forThat Fervent Love I Bear unto the Lute, which far Above MoJi Inftruments I Prize 5 This cannot be

5^^;

A Fault

For All

Men

have Liberty,

To Like, and Love, what They do Moji Approve, I Write Tt alfo, out ofGraat Good Will ZJnto my Conntrey-men and Leave my Skill Behind me, for the Sak^s of Thofe, that may Not yet be Born'-, But in fame After-day May make Good ZJfe
'y

'^'t^-

Of It,

without Abufe.
^th

But Chiefly, I do Write It, for toftiow AT)uty to my Maker, which I Owe ^ And I no Better Way know how to do. Than Thus, tojirive to make One Tallent
If Thus
too

Two

Blame,

Tie Humbly Bear

my Shame.

A N

ADVERTI SEMENT,
iLicenfeDR. L'Eftrange , LEft-se,

Concerning the Value and

-

May

5.1675

Price of the
Reader,
'

B O O K.
Worthy
Perfbn,
4;?6^

OV may Jee,
cenfir) who
in This

by This
is

the

Li-

an

^mm^m^

Skilful Critick

Noble Art ) and by Thofe Honourable, Learned, attd Worthy Perfons (my Subfcribers)
before mentioned , what Fair Eticojiragement I have had to TttbliJI) This Tiece j ( the which has _ _ _ been treely ixpofed to the View, and Examination of many of Them--, ) However^ I muji not exfeUhcan^PleafeyJU'-) But if It Tleafe the Judicious, Wife, and Sober Sort, IJJjal/ have what I
loot{^for.

And as
Tet
in

to the 'Trice It

Take Notice , That although bed but at 12 s. in Sheets , by

has

been Hitherto Siibfcri-

JU

Thofe

Honoured PerlonSj

regard of My VnexpiUed Gnat Charge ,* befides ZJnconceivable Care and Tains ^ to have It Compleatly done:, It cannot well be Afforded at That Trice^to return Me any Toller able, or Reafonable Requital. However^ out of a High Refpc^ to All the True Lovers of the Art;,

My

and more

efpecially to 'Divers,

would willingly have /ee faid ) had they kpown of Jt^ or could have h-ad opportunity of So "Doing 5 I do ( I fay for Their fakes ) Declare^That whofoc ver fl) all Tur chafe This Book^wi thin the ifi Months, v'li. before the loth. day <>/ Augufl, in This Trefent Tear \6j6.fljall be looked upon as a Subfcriber, and JJjall only payfor It, the SubfcriptionTrice, viz. (in Sheets) 1 2 s. Bttt after That day is paji, the Trice is intended to be Raifed'-) There being not Many of Them Trinted. I Jloall only Add Thus much, ( as being bold to fay ^ That there are feveral Tages yea fever al Lejfons in This Bookj ( according to the Ordinary Value, Ffieem, or Way of Trocuring fuch Things') which are every one of Them of more Value than the Trice of the
"2,
'-,

( and I believe very many ) who Subfcribers, C together with Thofe above'

whole Book,,

And for
tive

h ^^^'

the peculiar Credit of

my

Trinter, (upon the Compara-

of This Work^, in reference to his Vndertakjn^,) ft will be found that He has Out-done all Mufich;^ work. ^^ ^^'-f ki>id. Ever before Trinted in this Nation'^ And is the He only havi?tg thofe New Materials^ only jit Terfon to do the like the like to which we never had made before in England-.
the Well-doing
:

Examination of

Concerning

Concerning the

Church-Pfalms,

POETRY;
Compofing and Singing of them.
S)i TPay of Preparation.

In reference to the

Chap. L
^L L things in the churchy and in its Service,^No\Ad be lb contriv'd and order'd, that the CommonVoor-Ignorant'Teopk might be fb much capable as 'tis poffible of Apprehending, Dilcerning or Underftanding ; (b, as they might nnite their Voices^ Hearts and AffeUions together with the
Congregation^ and the Service. The which cannot more hopefully be effefted, or brought to pa(s, than by making all things in the Service plain and eajie to their Capacities. Now as lo Mufick^^ 'tis known and obferved by Experience, The benefis that short-fqtiare-even and uniform- Ayr es are both Pleafant, and ^'?" l"^,.

readily

Apprehended and Learned by moft. And as there are Hkewife a great number, who are but indifferently inclined by Nature to Singings who notwithftanding, if they were confidered after this manner, together with what I (hall further make mention of, would make a very good Affiftance in the Ch-^^^ which otherwilc are utterly debarr'd, and made
tmcapabl;^"

There are two things very confiderable of good Singing in Churches.

Firft,

as to this Preparation

Secondly, the Composition o^Muficl^ For pfaims The Poetry would be, i. Even and uniform^ as to the number oj'poe^jjbdi, of Feet in each staff. sly. Every 4j^' of the fame P/^Z/s? would correfpond with the
.

the Voetry.

firft

Tarochiaf/ Adufick^.
(ame order of Feef 5 otherwife the fame Inns which Hts the firft Stxff, will not lerve the whole vfilm. would There Again, Cas to the whole number o^rfalms) there would not be not He too too great a variety o^ Poeticalforms ox pafes in i\\Q Staves : Begreat a variecaufe that then a fewer number of Ttwes might ferve for the whole 5 fb that if the Book^ of Vfalms were compoftd by an Excellent Poet, and as Excellent a Afttfician, into a matter of 8, 10, or 12 Varieties, and tho(e /^^ri^/iej- evef/^fmooth, Jfjort, and uaiferm to themfelves^ it might be enough, and doubtless conduce very much to the drawing in of a Congregational-good-^tire. But if the Poetry be too various and intricate, as I will inftance in that Excellent Piece of Mr. or Dr. Woodford's, ( which I have lately (een) in which there is fcarcely two of the whole number of his Pfalms which are of the fame order or quantity o^Feet quite through his whole Book^, andleveral of them un uniform to themfelvcs, tz.. not one staff' like another of the felf-(ame pfahn, I fay, that although it be an Excellent Piece, for a Poet to look upon, yet it is not a fit piece to be compofed for the ufe of a Cow gregational ^tire, for thofe Reafbns aforefaid. There being work more than enough, for a mod excellent Mu/ician during his whole life, to corapofe proper andJitAyres to thofc pfalms, but never to have them Sung by any Country or City Congregation.
firft

Staffs in the

I call

The Poet and theCcmpofer

to be of the

fame underAanding.

For thofe Ayres which are intricate and Hn-ttniform (the which unnatural, as thofe muft needs be) are difficult to be Sung, efpecially by thofe who have no skill' The Poet therefore and the Compojer ought both to be fb much of the fame Underftanding in each Art, that thefe, or fuch like Obfervations might guide them both. And doubtlefs he is to be look'd upon as the mofl exqui^te Poet, who is thus able to com-

Many v{ our eld Pfalm

Tunes excellent.

Phrafes in our Pfalms are many of them very abfurd znd ridiculous, and it is to be wifhed that they might be amended. But many of our old Pfalm Tunes are f() e.vceliently good, that I will

mand his Fancy. The Common Rhimes and

be bold to (ay, Art cannot mettd them or

make
I

better.

The. benefit
of tetaining

(hem.

Concerning
the
ser,

Compoanti his

Obfervations

jaCompofing.

conceive it might be very well worth a Confidcrative Poet's undertaking, to fuit fbme of thofe Pfalms which need amendment, to Ibme of thofe our old good Tunes ; becaufe thofe Tunes -are already apprehended and learned by moftofthe Common People. Therefore they will the more readily embrace a nero Alteration, when as they find they are not too much ptizzled with Noz'elty,hut can bring them with eafe into their oldTunes. As for the Compo(ition, making, or inventing Titn^f for the Church-Pfalms, it would, Firft, be done by a Chief Mujkian, according to the Example of the Prophet King David. Secondly, the Mufician (hould obferve to caft all fuch Pfalms as are concerning Humiliation, Confejfion, Supplication, Lamentation or Sorrow, &c. into a flat, folemn^ mournful Key s and on the contrary, all fuch as are concerning Rejoycing, Praifing ofGody giving T^av^t ox extolling his wondrous works or goodnefs, &c.
into

Parochial!

Mufc^

into afjarp, jprightly, hrisk^Kejj contriving for both as rauCh Majejly and statelinefs as can be found out in the Art, which

abounds with plenty , obferving the natttre of the words, Co as to fuit them with the^^f^^e Ukenefsdt'conceit or humour from his Art. There being a very great affinity^ nearnefs, naturalfiefs otfatmnefs The great afbetwixt Language and Mufick,, although not known to many. LaSuSe'Sd And it is a bemoarable pity to confider how few there are wh6 ^ufick too

know, but fewer who confider, what jvonderful-powerful-ejjicacious Firtues and Operations Mujick^has upon the Souls and spirits of Men Divinely-bent. And to publifti here What I am able to (ay
in this particular, according to a daily experience which (
I have of it,

"^8-

^^^]^
ry few.

t'

known toTe

thank

look'duponas apiece of r^wzf^, thereGod) fore (as to that) I (hall be filent, and fo proceed to my intended purpofe of giving Diredions for thebeftway oi Singing? films Churches:, concerning which there arc two ways in Parochial which I have prompted unto, fo that either may be followed to very good purpo(e, but both together put into Praftice will be iaoii magnificent, and is as followeth.
will be

Ghap.

II.

tonceriiing Parochial Mitfick^j viz. Singing of faints in Churches.

Shall not

need to blazon

it

abroad in Print,

how

miferably the

I Vrophet David's Tfilms are (as I may fay) torturd or tormented, ind the Service of God difionoured, made courfe, or ridiculous thereby j (eeing the gcnerall outcries of mod: Parochial Churches irl the Nation are more than (ufficient to declare and make manifeft the fame, fo often as they make any attempt to fing at thofe
Vfilms.

Therefore
fire place.
it

I will (ay no more to that particular, noir rubb that Only thus much I will prelume to (ay, viz. That ((ure)

were

far better never to fing at all in Churches^ or in

Gods Ser-

than to (ing out of Tune : that is, not in Harmonic al Conchord er Agreement. For as I often u(e to (ay, that as Conchordi'ng unity in Adujic^ is The fignificaa lively and very rigniUcant fimile ofGod, and Heavenly joyes and choTdiiai' felicities, Co on the contrary. Jarring Difcords are as apt a (imile of Difchords iii '*^"^^*^'^the Devil, or HeUifi tortures. This obfervation is clear enough to all who underftand thofe
vice,

Admirable-Divine-MySferies,'wh.idh\ieconch't'in

Mu(icl{^,

zvidThis

(too much negleded) part thereof ( Singing. ) Certainly the firft Infiitution oC Singing oC Divine Hymns and vfilms in churches was, both to il/ujirate and adorn the Service, and likewi(e to be as a means or an occafion of help towards the
raifing

of our AffeHions and Devotions,

toi praife

and

extoll God's

Holy Name.

Tii

Varochiall M.ufic\,
How
Chrift's
'<'
I

Tis very well worth noting how

Jiaftf,

St.

Church

chap.

exlicrvca to

5-

verf i8,& 19. Thus. Be

Paul inftrutted the Ephefulfilled with the Spirit^

(peeking to your felves in Pfalms and Uymns^ and (piritnal Sorrgs j Sing with a Grace, and to jiffgifig and staking melody to the Lord in yottr hearts ^^c, make melody. ^o likev/ife doth he exhort the Colojfians^ chap. 3. verf 16. in

woi ds: Let the word of Chrift dwell in you plenteoufly teaching and admonijlnng your own felves in Pfalms in attdH'fnns^ and Jpiritual Songs, ftnging with a Grace in your hearts
thefe
all X'^'tfedom,

to

t/:e

Lord.

This was (we maj fee) the undoubted pra&ice and endeavour of ChriB's church in His, and the ApoUles time, not only to Sing, but

to Sing with a Grace and making melody. The which two things are not poffibly to be done, without (bme skill, and finging in
Tune.

And

that {vi%. Singing in

Tune)

do confidently affirm can

never he done, except there be fome other way found out than that which at the prefentis generally in practice in our Churches 5

the which

I (hall

by and by demonftratc and make very plain, by

undeniable Arguments.

But firft I defire that Thofe foregoing Admonitions of St. Paul might be a little better taken notice of than generally they are. And becaufe I am as much a Divine ( I mean a Prieli, and Son

ofthe Church )

as a Mafier in Mufick^ : I will take the liberty to

The Explanation of St^

Pditl'i

words.

give my Explanation of thofe words of St. Paul, yet humbly fubmitting to better Judgments. St. Paul (peaks to the Colojfians thus: Let the word of Chrift dwell in you plenteoufly in all wifedom, teaching and admoniftiing your own (elves inP(alms and Hymns, and (piritualSongs,e^c. which to me (eems as much as if he (hould have faid. Let that

The Rcafon "hy Chrift

and
gave
en.
Jr. Pa>.l
this e;>r-

neft Inftrudi-

word which Chriji formerly jpak^ unto you about (uch things dwell in you, or be remembred by you, 8f c. Whence I do inferr thus much, viz. that it was Chrijls own in' Jiru&ion, direi^ion, advice, or command formerly given unto them, to teach and admonifo one another in that very exerci(e o singing of Pfalms, &c. otherwi(e what can be meant by that faying of St. Paul's, Let the words of Chrift dwell in you, but that Chrift had taught and admonifhed them before concerning it, and (b that by their diligence and careful praBice therein ( which was a piece of wifedom in them (b to do, in regard they had been formerly (b admonifhed by Chrift ) they might thereby be enabled fo to Sing, as it might be both graceful, and melodious. For ^vithout all qucfHon Chriji (^who was the wifedom of his Father^ was not ignorant of the leattjecret or myfferie in any Art what(bevcr, nor of any thing that might conduce to the Benefit or Compleating of any Performance in reference to any undertaking. Chrift knew the difficulty of that fervice of Singing (b very well, that ( I am (ubjeft to believe ) therefore it was that he had formerly by his own word admonifhed them to that Duty of pradifng and teaching one another: And therefore likewifc was it, that St. Paul thus was to re-mind them of it, their Duty ;
welJ

Varochia// Aiulkk-.
well knowing how very medfiill (uch a piece of praUice was to the right performing oiibfolemn and Saint-like a Duty^ in that it was as a Sacrifice done unto Cod. And how fubje6t men are to do \t tamely ox ill-favour dly without sk^ll^care>, ox praUice^\% too nianifeft by the general ignorance in thai quality of Singing., which may be perceived in moft, who chiefly (hould, or ought to have Co much skill in it, as both to perform in it themfelves^ and al(& to teach and admonijh thole who are weak or ignorant, according to that Exhortation of the ApoUle in thofe laft quoted places. By

which Exhortation it plainly appears, that singing ofPfalms is not singing of a Duty of fo flight or negligent regard^ as all thofle who do not en- ^f^'s no able themfelves to have ^/);?* jj^^Z', leem to believe it is, otherwile iigentbufi5'' (lure) they would not be (b idle.^ carelefs or negligent^ to make nefs,as too '^'*'" " '^''' ib flight of//, as not to endeavour for fo much skill ( at leaft) as to be able to fet or lead a Ffaim-Tune by the Rule oi Art^ which a C^i/fii may be taught to do in a months time or lefs. And thofle who have not that faculty., rtor do endeavour lb far as in them lies to obtain 7/, fhall never make me believe that they have the roord of Chrifl dwelling in them plenteonfly., &c. let them talk never (b fairly and well. Yet I will not deny but Ibme there are who by Nature are ab- who are to fblutely uncapahle of Singing any Tune Harmonically ir^rnkJ" Such, I fay, after they have endeavour d all they can., and find that impoffihility of attaining it, are juftly excufkble. Provided they ftill encourage and promote it in others. But certainly ^Z^ C^ri/?Z4/ who are in Nature capable of it., and do neg- whoarecuU
/e^
it^

are culpaile before God.

pabic

Now by

what I have here

is it vpell,

ing ofPfalms great care to do

(aid it cannot but appear, that singboth a Chrijiian mans Duty, and ought to be his

and no ways flrghtly or negligently. is generally negledcd in moft P^rafAzW in the Nation., and that they are allb at a lofls how to C^mgregations have it well performed, ( and I do confidently affirm that 'tis abfolutely impojflible ever to have the Pflalms rightly and well performed according to the common way ufed throughout the NaBut becaule
^AifDa/)'

impoffibie to

have the
^^^'^y
^^""j"

tion) I will ( here following ) firft givemy Reafons why I thus Sung, but by conclude, as alfo propofe an abflolute-certain and infallible wayMovf ^^^^t% -^ means thafl
to have them
1

weU and

1)

'

r-

rightly performed.

formerly.

CHA
A Nd
as

P^.

III.

*^ but

concerning this matter, I will not deliver my Opinion^ my praUical Experience., Knowledge and Judgment., both according to the rules of Reaflon, and above 50 years experience and pra^ice in this Art of Singing. And thus I proceed. Firft, It is to be noted what a general defeSl, or infuffciency ,1 j ^ ^r Li X -''i
.

^ote how
hard
It IS

there

is

in Nature, oblervable in all Voices

whatever

to

(o that let

sing ia

Tunc

the

Varochiall Mn/icJ^
the moft airiom^ tra^ahleji, and heji dccomplijlj'd Voice, ad^oyned to the moft exa^ Ear, both which uniting in one perfbn, together with the moft perfei and profound sl^iU'm. the JrtofMificf{^ that can be imagined 5 thisperfon (Ifty) ftiaIInotaflurehim(clf to

Proved by the
Reafon and Expcri* CDcc in the
rule ot

Art.

be able tc Sing any one Song (although never (b Mlpra&isdin it) of the length of one of our ordmary Church-Pfalms, but that he ihall be prov'd to have Sung dnt of Tune, before he hath
finiftied that

Song>
I

This

is

a real truth, which

doubt not but

all experienced
all

Ma-

Jiers in the Art will affirm with

me 5

Experience having

along

confirmed this thing, ( viz. ) that no Voice has ever been found able (certainly) tofingjieadily and perfe&ly in Tiine,and to continue it long, Tpithout the ajjiSiance of fomelnjirufnent, but that it mould either Rife or f all fome fmall matter from thefirfi pitch it began at be"
fore
it had made an end. Yet I will not (ay that it is (b impofEble but that by chance it may be done, but not certainly. Nor need any one fear to lay a good wager againft the moft confident Attempter of (uch an undertaking; e(pecially when the Key (hall be given him fvom another perjhn, as always the P(alm-Tuncs are (in Churches) given by the cUrks. Now what I would inferr from hence, iis this, viz. That if fuch an abfolute Voice as I have made mention of, (hall be thus uncertain of Singing in Tune, &c. what (hall the unskjlfuU-inhafmoni^ OKs-CGurfe-grain d-harfii-Voice be able to do \vithout fbme certain help orfupport ? moft apparent it is, that it muft needs Sing miferably out oftuue, and all others who venture at it thus confoledly, without regard, skill, or any other help befides their own ignorance, &c. And this is the general condition of moft of our ?arochial Quires. And certainly God Almighty can takie no delight or pleajure in (uch halt, lame and blind Sacrifices. Therefore I (ay, and advifi, that if you will Sing P(alms in

a5
confcquence, proving the neceflTityoffome
aflTiAance.

The

Churches, sing in Tune.

But
ments.
Note iuft here lay. what yoa are
to do.

now you
I

will (ay. That's impojjible

fay (b

ftill.

Why, what will you have

by your own Arguus to do > youl

Either Sing in tune, or Sing not at all. then you'l (ay,'Sure we muft not Sing at all. I Cay not fo, but yet I (ay Sing, for Chrift has Bid you Sing, and Sing in Tune too, or with a.
Still I (ay,

Why

The certain way how co

Sirg Pfalms
well and in

Tunc

accor-

ding to the beft Advice.

3*

which can never be without it, viz. Singing in Tune. How can that be ? why now Tie tell you how, viz.. If you will Sing nvell and in tune, the firft thing you are to do is to take the advice of St. Faul, which is to teach and admonifij one another, as before he has direfted you unto, in ffalms and Hymns, and ^iritual Songs, &c. This is his advice and ceunfel 5 and if it be worth any thing take notice of it : but if you think it be not worth noting, continue ftill in your ignorance, but yet (peak plainly and out-right what you think, viz. thai St. Paul's counfel if not worth a Rujh, and that you care not a pin for it : Plain dealing's a Jewel you know 5 and this would be far better (b to fay, and make an end of the bufinefs and trouble, than to guggle and
Grace,

^arochiatl Adufick,.
and gull^ or ^ooth up your felves in a fal(e fhew. Hypocritically leeming to approve of his counfel, in doing of (bme /light things fctirvily-, which pleafe your own lazie bumoHrs^ and are things of little labour and fm all coji : But where you Cdnfwallovp fitch gohkts, (I mean, as to fave both your pains, and yoxxx purfe ) let St. Patd go whiiile with his pjalms, and give his counlcl to ihofe who have nothing elfe tp do. The(e, or fuch like clofe-btrking-fayings. Arguments or Thinkings muft needs be {uppo(ed to be the refukof liichftrange and grofis negligence, which \s generally found, and too apparent ill raoftp^rijl)

Congregations.

But of you
monijl)

now

methinks

hear
is it

(bmeof the

rtioft

(ay, Alas,

how

poffible that wefinould teach

one another according to St. ?aul'% (ince none of us have any ^the leaftj skill in the Art ofsinging, nor was it ever put to us 5 and fb are utterly deftitute of nU hopes

and pious and addireUions and advice ?

ingenuouf

o^GVtvziizmmgio that
Truly
this is a

ability.

very fad complaint, and much to be lamented* And the firft thing I fhail (ay unto it is this, viz. The morejhamc be upon your Parents and your felves for it. But herefecondly I would ask this one g)ueJiion, viz. Whether a very i>ertl' '"' you think that St. Paul was fuch an impertinent Fellow (as by your "^"^ ^^ negleft he feem^ to be made) to coitnfel and advife the Colojjians to a thing with fiich Emphafis, as here in this place he doth, where he (aith, Let the toord ofchriji dwell in you plenteoujly in all wifedom, teaching and admonifljing one another in Pfalms and Uymns-, and f^iritual Songs ^ Singing with a Grace in your Hearts unto the Lord : if it were not a matter of more then ordinary concern Sure, fure, fure. Singing oipfalms and Jpiritual Hymns by Art and skill (though it be much out o^fafjion, and (lightly regarded, or ill-favourdly performed bymoft, or very many) is a thing of (b much wifedom, whereby good Chriflians might (hew the plenteouf nefs o^Chrifis word dwelling in them, that it would undoubtedly mofk glorioufly become the gravity, J^lendour, or funUion of the and if (b, thenqueftionmo(i: illtijirious, even Prince^ themfelves
.<?;

ie(s All others.

Chap.

IV.

DAvid the King, and the beloved Prophet of God, was called the
frveet Singer of Ifrael, 2 Sam. 23. I. which denotes to us,that he did not only (atisfie himfelf with that moft eminent Squire The moft that ever mention was made of in the whole World, viz. 40CO ^^?"'^cent

perfons,

oi Princes, PrieUs and Levites, and the very of the praifed the Lord with Infiruments, which he ( David the King) himfelf had made, I Chron. 23. 5. But without allqueftion he himfelf was a performer amongft them, yea and a very
People,

UU

ever was

in'

who

^"^^ ^'^''''

ikilM

Varochiall 'M.uftdi,
one tdo : otherwiie he would never have ?f/adi\ or ^ivcn dire&ions ^ox thofe Injimments^ much lefs have afiumed that Nj,f/e of the Jrveet Singer of Israel. upon a (blemn confideration of thefe things^ how reully Irtte they. were, how wonderfully Glorious they muft: needs be, conskilfull

Now

fidering that choice

and

curious care

which was taken

in the p-c-

faration for that Service^

Note
fully.

care-

The wonderful! efFefts

of

and how exceedingly acceptable they were unto God Almighty ; for 'tis doubly worth my writing and your reading to take notice oithat place of Scripture which here I will (et down, viz. i Chron. 5. 12, 15, 14. the words are thefe ' And when the Vriefis were come out of the SanBuary^ ( for they ' were all fandtified ) and the Levites the fingers of a]] forts being 'clad in^e linen, ftood with Cymbals, and with Viols, and Harps, 'at the Eafl-end of the Altar, and with them an hundred and And they were aU as ''twenty TrieBs, blowing with Trumpets '<?&, blowing Trumpets and fmging, and made one found to be heard ' in praifng and thanking the Lord'-, And when they lifted up their '"voice, with Trumpets, and Cymbals, and with Inftrnments of Mu''fick^, and when they praifed the Lord^ftnging, For he is good, be:
'-^

Mufick and
that (^ire.

'

'

was filled with the Glory of the Lord, fo that the Frieji could not flan d to minijier. Thele things, I fty, upon a (blemn confideration how exceeding acceptable this Service (thus unanimoujly and uhivocal/y offer'd}
caufe his mercy la Beth for ever
:

Then

the houfe

ftiould ftir us up, and rouz^e us from that drowfmefsy or lethargic otjlupidity, which has well-nigh benum'd US into an infenjibility, and an uncapablenefs of nnderfianding any

was unto the Almighty,

How
has
lued.

Mufick
la

thing in thefe Divine Myfieries. And certainly jI(//?c>(, (elpecially fuch singing, I mean, with

come

be ander va-

and pious confideration of its unexprejjible excellency and Divine worth and ufe^ has come to fall into the conceits of moft men, (and which is moft to be lamented, of fbme who pa(s for learned and piom Divines ) an inferiour-low-jlighted-undervalu'd-regardlefs-dejpicableneedlefs Thing, and not at all thought fit to be brought mto the Houfe and Service of God.
the
skill

and Art thereof) for want of a

true rational

And others again there are who can juB endure it there, but take no care to underjiand any thing in it , letting it pafs for an Airy-vapour, a pretty Toy to keep them from fleeping, and (b
forth.

Yet (^thanks
are

be to

God) (bme

there are
worthy,

more
it is

confiderative, pious

and

who on the contrary who eBeem it ( as in-

moft fit to be efteem'd ) an Ordinance ofGod, other wile why ftiould the ApoBle Paul Co prejfingly call upon the Colojfians to let ChriBs words dwell with them plenteoufiy in reference to it, as hath been before declared ftifficiently. I will now proceed and make good my Promise ^ and propo(c an undoubted way how the Vfalms may be exaBly performed, to the
great illuBration of the Service of the Church, your own comforts, and the Glory of God infinitely beyond whatever has been, or can be by the contrary.
i,

deed

And

Tarochiall Mufiel^^
And becaiift
for
1

have made
Sing'irt

it

manifefl

how

difficult a

thing

it is

'

ten times more difficult within hearing of any tpho fingi oik ofTtthe ; ( nor is it poffiblg for a_ny to do it) It is tobehoted, that where Nature is Nott when Mfici^p.ov ohftriMecf, God Almighty has infus'd into the Vfider- ^^l' f^ff^^^^ JiMidiKgs 6fmen wit and ingenuity^ by Art to be affifting Unto it. Tune. f^iiiid it; is i'nown by all experience, that there iire certain ways fottnd bijt in i^^ j^rf td cau(e men and women, who are but of indifferent capacifie}, QUi'to Mu(ick^) Jtr toSingin Ttme that (at tl^ worft) they' flikir not interrupt or dijiurb any who are within hearing of themj' but (with a very little nfi and pruSfice) they

any perfon to
is

fMiQ Sone

5, but

Wihen he

^isWajjip and augment xht chorus to ver^j good pHrpofe.

-.1

Ai.

1__

M{^

^i

.S'"/.wM/A:tY/i'

'i

;-u!)

xvdy than to Sing to (bme certhere zny In^rument fo proper for a Church as an Organ fo that it wjll iollow by right reafon in cofzfequihce, that if you will Sing Vfalms in Churches well, and in Te, you mnji needs huo^ anOr^an to Sing unto 5 by which mcaus the whole Congregation will be drawn (or as it were compeU'd ) into
as

N
'out

Oiv

to

this,

there

is

no better
is

Thebeftaffift-'

tain InUrument.xxox
-,

^"ccfor'Voipfaims.

Harmonic al unity ; even (b, that 'tis has but a common or indifferent Ear,

impojjible for

any perfon, who when

^^^'^

impoi^'"^

(as

moft people have) to Sing

-

1%

of Tune, This is the way, and N<?e in cow^^re unto it nor can the performance be excellent without it^ or as it ought to be. For when v/e Sing unto God, we ought to Sing chearfuUy, and with a loud voice, and heartily to rejoyce The Scriptures makfe
:

mention of ail this, and much more, as I have quoted elfewhere fuffici e n d y in this Book: - 'T'lsfad to hear what whining, toting, yelling, ox fireeking there the fad singis in mzny Country Congregations, as if the people were affrighted, '"^ '" ^^ or difird&ed. And all is for want oi fuch a toay and remedy as ChScs.
This
-

is.

if ( by what I have hitherto faid ) I may (happily) have gained Co much credit as thtfsfar to be believed, by any.^ as I doubt not but I have with the rational and ingenuom-weU-compojed-wil-

Now

ling-good-ch'iUians,

who would
What
(

bly they
fcruple,

knew but

gladly ferve God aright, ifpoffihow-^ yet methinks I hear them make this
this thing

and doubt whether or no

!
.<?

be poffibleever tobe
.<?

attain'd untO;, faying,

An Organ

and

Aii Organiji too

for if we

in our poor Fariffi Church have the one, we muft have the

other) This (ure can never be^ which way can wecompa(s two fuch diffcult things as Thefe ? Anfwef. Moll eafily. But before I (hew you the way, I would propofe unto your confideration only thefe two things, which will be a right preparative to xh^ bufinefs,
^"
\,

The

lO
T

Tarochiall M.H[ic\,
would have you ferimtjly to confider rvhat it is yon are ahout^ when you pretend to offer this Sacrifi'ce ofprurfe and thanksgiving to the Great Cod, Creator oi Heaven and Earth ^ and llkcwi^ confider and ask your (elf thk ^tiejiion , viz. If you ought not to perform that Service in the molt exaS, P.nccre, and excellent manner that poffibly you can imagine lies in you, both as to Body, Soul, Sprit, and Ef^ate. This you muft needs grant is your Duty, and that ydu cannot think any thing too good, too precious, or too dear unto you to part withaU for his Service. All this lam confident you will lay is true. Now take heed you lye not to God : for if you fay it, and are unwilling to doe it, you do rvorfe than lye, for you know your Mafters will,but do it not. The fecond thing I would have you confider is, only to examine rceU where the main impediment, ^op,ox hindrance lies, and if you can once find it out, remove it. This with the former will certainly put you upon doing the

wo

needfull

The

firft is,

things by way of preparation

towards a
right finging

thcPralais,;afiiy attainable.

bu(inefi.

And now methinks I hear you cry out aloud and (ay, that truly if we knew how to raife an Organ, wc would have it very
'

(uddenly.
Ancafie way

If therefore ye
I

be brought but to

thif place, do\xht it

not 5 fot

how
in

to pro-

cure an Organ every PaTiH) Church.

you into a re^Jjt w^^, which is this : vi%. Firft I would have you proppfe to your ftlves (bnje very^re^^ and urgent occajion, or necejjity for aj^eedy raifing 0/4 fum of Money, fiippofing fuchanone as this:, viz. the Tarliatnent has made a great Tax to run quite through the Nation, fuch an one as the laU 18 months Tax, or rather the Chimney-money , and it

make no

queftion but to put

be paid inprejently, without any contradiffion or delay. This I know you would moft certainly prepare to do, without accounting it impojjlble. Nov/ 1 lay, do but fuppofe this, or Comefich like thing, and prefvtlygo al?0ut getting up the money, every man his pare, and lay it by for that tife, till your Organ be ready, and you will foon (ee it fet up in your Tarijli Church , to your great content and com'
mufl:
Tfee

Charg

of procuring an Organ in every I'arirti Church.

mendations. The matter of 30, 40, 50, or 60 pounds will procure a very good Tnjirumef/t, ft for mpft little Churches, and fb accordingly in proportion for greater.

Therefore now chear up, the way is plain and eafie, if you be and dare but venture /;&f much upon the account of Gods Service, ( luppofing he has commanded you to this (mall, or great Tax. ) Thus much for an Organ. But now as to an Organiji 5 That is (uch a difficult buffnefs, as I believe you'l think abfolutely impoffible ever to be obtained 3 a I
xpilling,

fonffant charge

a Terrible bufinefs I

for

how many

hundred

Pari/f)

churches arc there in England

.<?

qpid there muft be (b

many

Organifls at a yearly charge,

whereas

when our Organ

ever
;

is

But

as to the charge

once (et up, a (mall matter will mainUin it for of an Organift, this is (ad.

Now

Parochial/ Mufic\,
your comfort know, that this is ten times more eafe that other of the Organ j and that after ye are gotten into the way, you will have Organijls grow up aonce viOHgB you as your Corn groves in your Fields^, without tfiuch of your Cojij and lefs of your Care.
for

II

Now

and feafihle than

Chap.
tlon? to procure

VI.

an Organiji.

way I will propofe (hall be This vi%. Firft, I will .a far eaficr fuppofe you have a Varijli cUr\^, and fuch an one as is able ^^l^^^^^ to (et and lead a Pp/^, although it be never fo indijferently. organift. Now This being granted, I may {ay, that I wiU^ or any MHfic\ Malier will, or many more Inferiours, (as Virginal-? layers^ or
certain
:

THe

many Organ-mak^rs^ox th^Xxk-^^

P4r{/& Clarh^
Tunes^ ufually

I (ay, <?y

olthofe will

/^e^cA f<:^.

^ojlnllings 5)

how to j?//e or jirike f>toU of our common rfalmSung in our churches^ for a trifle^ ( viz. 20, 30, or and ^ jj^eZ^, that he need never beftow more coft to
during
his life.

Note, Note*

perform
This
then,
I

th/,t nutjifufficTP.ntly

believe

no judicious perfon

when

this Clarke is thus well accomplifi'd,

in the ^ft will doubt of. And he will be Co doated

upon by
Tarifid,

all the pretty ingenuous Children, and Tottng men in the that (carcely any of them, but will be begging now and

then a Jliilling or ?2y<? of their Parents to give the C/^r/^, that he may teach them to pulfe a Ffalm-Tune , the which any fuch child or Touth will be able to do in a week^ or fortnights time
very well'

then again each Youth will be as ambitious to pulfe that Pfalm-Tune in public kjio the Congregation, and no doubt but fhall

And

do it fuficiently

well.

And
fwar^-

thus
'^r

by little and little, the P^n}^ in a Ihort time abound with Organifls, and (ufficient enough for

will

'

^^4*

Servn..

For you muft know, ( and I intreat you to believe me ) that what is one it is one of the moft eafie pieces of performance in all [fle^pfo^. Infirumental Muftck^, to pidfe one of our Pfalm-Tunes truly and well, trances in Muficks Art after a very little (hewing upon an Organ.
(fertoufly )

The Clark
means.

likewi(e will quickly

get in his Money,

by

this

And
in
'
it.
'

(uppole

no Parent

will grutch it him,

but rather

rejoych

Thus may you perceive how very eafily, and certainly thefe two Great difficulties may be overcome and with nothing (b ' much as with a willing mind. Therefore, be but mllingly refolvd^ and the work will Coon
, '

be done.

*And

u
'

Varochiall Mufick^
Come of you toeing up your Ca'^s^ and <;rying aloud, We will have an Or^, and anOrgaffiSi ' toO;^;|pr 'tis but laying out a and how can little dirty Money * we lay it out better^ than in that Service we offer up unto Godi^ ' and who ftiould we beftow it upon, if not upon Him^ and His
again methinks
I

And now

fee

'

Service.

This

is

a very right

and you
A mod
excel-

will

do

wel/^

and an abfblute good Refolve s perfiji and doubtlefi find much content and

in

it,

fatif^

fadion in your (b doing.

to This an unknown, and unapprehended Great good Eenefit^which would redound certainly to Jl/^ or mofl:

Por there

lies linked

arifing'^to all

young children,

young
a

childret!^

who by

this

means would in

their minorities

be

tinUur'd^ or feafoned, ( as I may fay ) or brought into kind oi familiarity or acquaintance with the harmlep-innocentdelights of Cxxch pure and wzdefilabk prances, as that it would be a great means to win them to the love of Virtue^ and to dildain, contemn and flight tho(e common grofs il/ prdfices, which moft children are incident to fall into in their ordinary and accuftomed
purfuits.

^ fweetly

For if they be once ttnly principled and Mitjick, when they are youngs they

in the
will

Grounds oF Piety
,

be like well-jeafond Vejfcls^ fit to receive all other good things to be put into them And I am not only fubjeft to believe, but am very confiflent, that
the vajl Jarrings^ and Difchording-nntunahkneJJcs^ over-Jpreading the face of the wh^/e Earth, might be much re&ijied, and put into Tune fboner this ivay, than by any other way Qivithout a miracle')
that can be thought upon. This I {peak from an experience
fubjeft to the pafjions

m my own Soul, who am a man

of the rvorji of men ; Yet and Harmonical Divifuty, have found as much (in a comparative way) as this comes to, upon my own Soid and violent pajfions.

and

imperfecfions

by This virtue, Thisfitblime

Elixir oiMufical

It

cannot be too often repeated,

how

the Evil Spirit departed

Mufick

is

a
'

ca'uspeifa^ gainft the

Devil.

Saul, when David played upon his Harp : True Mufick^ being a certain Divine-Magical-Spell, againft all Diabolical operations ^^ ^hc Soids of Men. But how little This is taken notice of, believed , or regarded by moft , is grievous and lamentable to be

from

g^

thought upon. Well Let thus much (uffice as to an encouragement towards an Organ, and an endeavour to have good Church- Mufick after this manner, which is the moft eafie and fiire way I can think upon ^An Organ being fiich a prevailing, or commanding Injlrument, and * (b naturally-fuitable to our humane Organs, viz,, our Voices, that ' after a little time of ///e and cuUom to it, there will fcarce be one * Voice in an hundred, but will be drawn in, and be able to unite ' Harmonically, and to very- very good purpofe, although he GV'J/je ' ftiould have no skill at ajl in Song, but by a mcer natural apti-)

'

tude they

ftiall

do

it rvell.

CHAR

Tarochial/ Muftc^.

13

Chap.
Horp

VII.
ChurWss

f Calms may bs

well performed in

without an Organ.

HAving laid you

^

down die moft certain^ eape, aAd excellent way d^ singing Tfalms to an Organ^ which (whatever elfe
fhall
,

Thebeft way
an/condnual Quire in eve^y Par'^, r a National

( ftill ) be the moft glorious^ magYet becaufe I know there are mfi'cent^2LR.d a (iately-lieady way. -^ L -^ ^, y .T r many who take Boggle at the very Name or an Organ, andr yet otherwi(e( perhaps) would be content losing vfalms 33?^// if they

can be (aid or contriv'd )

Ouire.

knew how.
I

will therefore

(according to
)

my bejl

Ability) put

them into

a moft fiLJiatetialmd infallible ivay^ whereby the Vfalms (hall not only be well Sung, and gracefully but chat there ftiall alfo be an ability of teaching and admonijinng one another perpetifal/y : ( But it is (iappos'd thef muft follow my counfel. And as to This, it muft be confider a, that nothing of Excellency or of High-worth can be done without Forzcaji, Care, and
Indujiry.

Therefore if we think thif Thing We are talking about hefuch a Things viz. oi'Excellency, or High-worth, and worthy of our Ferecaji. Care, and Indtiftry : Then I fay. there is no way but one to compa(s or effed it. That is. muft once more Face about, and back again to Good old

We

St. Paul,

(one ochriJts Deputies ) and try if his counfel be like yet to do us any good, who (ays ftill, Teach and admonifi one another in vfalms. Sec. ( Thele words muft not be raz'd out of
the Gofpel. ) But as to This,
'tis

already confefs'd, that none of you are able

,

and it may be fbme of you to teach or admonijl) in That Faculty old, and others too full of more necejjary Bujihcfs in are grown fo
your Worldly
nature, due to
Affairs,

God and

than to look after (iich ncedlefs things of this his Service, (for fb it muft needs be judged

cS all, who do fojjjamefully negkCt it. ) But although you will not trouble your (elves in This matter, yet it cannot be thought, but that you'l find (ome little fruples,
:

or motions ofConfcience, fecretly whijpering and telling you, ( as it doth all forts of Sinners ) That yon ought to do it, and that it is your Duty fi to do it. For 'tis Chrijis own Order to St. Paul to put

mind of it, ( as hath been already prov'd ) and no humour or conceit of mine, but Chriji's and St. Paul's, (if you dare, and will call it fo ) Therefore look to it, as you intend to anfwer for

you

in

the contrary.

But
tell

now (to eafe you a little of that burthen ofConfcience) Vie you how you may in Come meafure make amends for your

former negleft, if firft ( after your true Repentance ) you'l ftrive but to bring up your Children fi, as (in time to come ) they may be

14
jiian a Duty.

Tarochiall MuftcJ^
be enabled to tmderjiand, and capable to perform in
this

fo ChriArt

And
skill

This muft be

done by putting them

to learn the

and

Pretend not toferve God at all except^

ofSongy or Singing. this again will (eem a hard task^ for thofe who love their Money better than the Service ofGod. And to (uch I (ay, Pretend not to ferve God at all, or elje Jerve him as he hath commandedyon 5

Now

&c.

You mua beJioTv fomething upon Him und his Service.

find in the 2

Imitate that moji eminent fixttern and example., which you will Sam. 24, &; 24. no worfe Per(bn then a Trophet and

not offer up That unto God which coSi him nought 5 yea although he might have had it freely given him, as there you may read he might. Conlider, I fay, and be^ow fomething upon God'-) or if not upon Him^ bejiovp it upon your children ^oxjlmme. The many BeFor this ^lality ofMufickjs a Gentile iiality at the very worfl.: nefits attendAnd it will adorn your Children much more than ten times the cojl ing thofe who attain to skill can be worth, which you fhall beflov/ upon them in the gain*

aKing^

who would

in Mufick,

ing of
valtted

it.

Befides,

it

will

make them

acceptable to all ingenuous people,

and

amongft the bejl. They will be more capable of Preferment in the world, in cafe of any neceflity. Moreover, the great content and delight your felves will daily

take in them, and they in themfelves, in that they are made fit InJiruments to ferve God in the beji of his daily Services, which is to Sing, and fet forth his praifes, in imitation of the glorious Saints

and Angels,

in his Heavenly

^ire, where they

eternally Jing

and re'

Joyce before God.

And now methinks I hear (bme of you fay, that you would gladly have your children learn this fo excellent a duality, if you knew how to have them taught.
muft confefs I know not readily how to aflift you, is great, and the Labourers but few) yet I doubt not but to find out a way how to advife you.

To

this I

(the Harveft

The truth is, there is (b great a barrennefs ofMufical AJfiHants in moft Country Towns, caufed through the negleU, difefieem^ or
the undervaluing of this Divine Quality in fbme, and alfb through the ill ufe, and abuje of it in others, that at the prefent it will be fbmething difficult to have all Children taught who live remote

from great Towns. But if I could be afTurcd that you all would be as willing to promote the bujlhefe, as I am willing and ready to advije you, I qucftion not but that I have already found out the way for it
.As thus;

CHAP.

'Varochtall M.itpck.

\^

Chap.
WHerefoever you

VIII.

fend your Children to School, (I mean to how all chii-' the Grammnr-School) indent Co with the JlUjler^ that '^''en may be your Childreft fhall be taught om hour every day to s'wg, or one a che7ma7
half day in every wzch^ at leaU^ either fick^Mafler whom he (hould procure :
'will

by himjhlf or by fome jWAnd no doubt but (if you

to

be ufefdl in

pay for it) the bttfinefs may be effefted. For there are divers who are able to teach

g^j giivice
erer after.

Cjng^ and

many

more would quickly be, if fuch a general coune were determin'd upon throughout the Nation. There would fcarcely be a Schoolma^er^ but Vv^oulJ, or might be eafily able himfelf to do the bujtnefs^ one- in a quarter or half
a year
,

and

in a (hort

time every finior Boj in aie School will be

'

able to

do

it fufficietttly well.

And
'

this is the

moft

certain^ eajie^

and fubftantialvoay^ that can

poffibly be advis'd unto.

grow up amongft you,

how that your Organijis would your Corn grew in tls Fie Ids , Co now (if fiich a courfe as Thjf would br taken) will your ^irrders increafe even mtofwarms like your -Rc^s in your Gardens^ by which means the ntxttjeneration will be plentifully die to follow St.' a perpetual ' TauVs Cojtnfet^ namely, to teach and admoniji} one another in Tfalms f' ^'f and Hymns, and prifual Songs, and to sing with a Grace in their counfd.^'' hearts and voices unto the Lord, and to the Jetting forth of his glori'
thus, as before I told you,
as
"^

And

cuspraife.

Which
irifle

that they

jngenuauf Children Co

may do, I pray God to give all much Grace, as to beftow thif

Parents

of

little-poor-

upon them, ( I mean,

thztpitifulZ-inconJlderahk-coJi) in their

Educations extraordinary , the which will extraordinarily much conduce to their Advantages, j/our own Comfort^s^ the Churches Ser''' """' -' vice, ind. the Glory God.
'

of

'

Thus have I v/ith much ardency and zeal fir Cod, and with nO hCs love 2nd ajfe&ion unto his true Service, and unto aWchriJiiatt people, laid down two undoubted certain-good %>ayes oC Singing Pfalms well ; and either of which will (erve very well, but both
together

much-much

better.

two ways fhall be thought fit to be followed, nor fome other way, that may be equivalent (at leajt thereunto whereby the Common way oC Singing maybe amended, Co as the Service may not become injured or blemijjed thereby; it were far better (ure only to have the P films Read, and never more pretend, or offer at the singim oCihem.
--^

And if neither oCrhefe

CHAP-

i6

^mochiall.
i

]S/tMfic\,
to ccnfidcr
ivL.:-

ST& about,

when

ycii(^/=-^:'^. .^ -'i/^Tlv'
G/'ec-: j G'(;ti.

:r/nc".

ihanh^'gruing to
lik.cT/iCe

me

Creator cl

^:az

jiid Eeirih 5
,
'

and
ycts'

confider and ask your (elf ?,^^ ^efiicn

wz. If

very ncedfull Caution for every

Chriflian to take not if e of.

wa.^;^ :!r:d mdi you cannot think sny thinf?; ^si? ;etf!?4) ^^'^ ^^-eThat eyer^,|erjtf*;(.^hQ^t,^Hy;^^ _fegII,#i^ra>lc.to^"/^; ff4.m\n the <:toc/&,^, do viffll confider nj^<?? /V 7'j Ae /V abotit^ or
^his,.

in ^7?^ at that time^ and' whether^pr no;^^*? ^ot^trm^Qe^yi^^^,

or ought not to be'efteem^d as a 5^r?^c^ wh^f h-^^ ^^x ing up uhto God ? !^\i^v^h\ch^\xxdy cannot be denied. And if (b, then tp confider ftrtherthe tfatgr^9^,^^ ^d^nr/f^,,apd how it ought to heprepar'd and offer d. ; ;^r ,:/7:;;v?;c/,: v.^ and Now to know all ^ij-^and clearly to nnderjiand it, there is no readier way than to,tur%to the M<^. Chapter of -^g;?^/^^^,^ and rea d from the i jth'. Veffe to the end of that Chapter.

Concerning
the Sacrifices offered unto

God, and the

Purity of

them.;

But more efpecially take notice of yerle the .i$>^,j\Yiire 'ti^ faid thus, (by Gods own Commandment, untoMoJes-y ,.-y^ ^ TeJIoall offer of a free mind 'a Male without a blemiffj. Sec. Where note, firft, that the Sacrifices offer 'd unfp God^ ftiouJd be done willingly and freely, and not by coxyipulfjofa oxfirce. Again, in the 2G/^^. verfe, Ye (hall not: offer Wyt^ing that

'

,.

M^

,,...' -"J

-,;

,(

^blemijl},(br that ihall not be acceptable,

.-4-

^^p^^^

.vr.^

Again, verfe 21. Bis offering fhall he perfel}, no btemijh'wi^t: ,,a And in verfe the 22 J. (mark well) Blind, ox Broken, ox Maimed^ .,pr having a Wen, or Scurvy, ox Scabby, ox jU-favour'd, S<c. thefe fhall ye not offer unto the Lord, "^.j^j ^ iSIote here how often 'tis prefs'd Verfe after verfe, [ w/ having
bkmif).
fV.
J.I

~\

>.

.'um. iB. ?i.

;DeUt. '?. 2

1.

f.

I.

Ezek.

4?. 21. Eccl

3T- 12.

Sure 'tis o^ very great concern. And to this very purpofe I could quote you many more places quite through the whole Levitical Law, as in the margent here I have fet fome down ; whereby you may plainly fee ypurjoajpa(^, and the great C^re you ought

&.

(AnOhjcftor
ngainft Sacrifices.
V

Anfwered.

s:?-

me, that then, under the Law, fiich and Co performed-, but <7ip, under the Gojpel, there are no fitch things to be done. To the whichi firft anfwer thus, That herein we may be faid .to be the more beholding unto God Almighty, who has disburthen'd us of fuch grievom burthens. And I cannot but fb call them grievous, becaufe when I refleft upon the great charge, confiant trouble and attendance belonging XiVAOthem, and alfb upon the general covetmfnefs, zx\d griping humours of too too many in thefe our dayes, and how loath they are to befiow any thing either upon the Church, or its Services, or upon
tells

to take therein. But here an Obje&or

Sacrifices

.>.;-

were indeed

fb

God

himfelf.

that if now they were called fb confiantly to bring in of the beH and fatteli of their Herds and flocks, as then they were 5

And

how

Varochia/i Aduf/c^,
how loath,
ar all
I fay,

17

and griidgwglj/ furely would they do it? and not and of a ivilling mind^ as God requires it. fn-elj, I fay, when I couiider upon thtje thinq^s, I cannot but ftill (ay we are much beholding unto God, for fo great an eafe and freedom, both Co our Fnrjes and Verfons in that particiilur. But now fccondly, although we are not commanded any of what are. the ^^' thefe thwgs under the Gojpe I, yet we cannot deny but that we are ^^^^'^^"^ to do fomc Duties to God, which ftand in the rooxi of thofi Legal ^:^ the which can be none other than the Sacrifices of Sacrifices
f,

Traije,jhan}{sgJving,Adoraiion,^ndfiucereDevotion,^c. Thele certainly every good Chrifiian will affirm to be ftill due un^ to God j nor can it be deny'd, but that thefi^ ought to be done without blemifi} that is, not Blindly, Alaimedly, Scurvily, Scalbily, or lll-favoitr.dly, according to the words before recited.
-,

Now
formed,
to the

I (ay,
is

how

thefe Sacrifices in

our time are generally per-

the thing chiefiy to

Nor is

there any better

laft

be noted and regarded. to examine them, than according The Befl way repeated words which God (pake unto Mofes his Ser- them?""'^

way

vant, laying.

unto Aaron and his Sons, and to all the Children of Jfr.iel, &c. ' Ye (hall offer of a free mind, a Male without a blemifij unto the ' Lord-^ not Talind. nor Broken., or Maimed, or having a IVen, or Scur^
Speak,
'

or Scabby, or ill-favour d, 8<.c.. 'Which to me feems as \i Chrifi: 'jefm, or any of his Deputies, '(vizi St. Paul, &c.) (hould (ay noxv unto ^ar<?, viz. f/e Arch* and to his Sons, viz. the whole Clergie ; and unto the peo' ^/y7j(?/> 'pie of Ifrael, viz. the whole Chrifiian Congregational Churches.^
i)y,

'(none excepted,)
o Vraife znd Thanksgiving, viz. How (hey are ^^''^'^' 'pfalmsj and Hymns, and J^iritual Songs, o a. free mind, viz. Ifbe- [^^^^ ' rally, willingly, chearfully, and without conjlraint or grudging.
'Ye
(hall offer the^e. Sacrifices

'A
'

7l/</e

without a

dufiry, which 'form with.

'

principal piece of In^r^ or Mature has furnilh'd you with ability to perblemifi}, viz.

the

mod

'

Blind, viz. not ignorantly, but skilfully, ( for he s^ilfuU in the Service ofGod.
' '

Not

we ought

to

Nor Broken, viz. not divided, but united. Nor Maimed, viz. not <?k^ <?/ 7;ze, but in Conchord. * Nor having a /Few, viz. not having any fuperfluous vain a&ions
-,

'

either oioflentation, or [eeming Holinefs 'fimplicity of Aearf

but in

all

humility,

and

'Nor Scurvy,
faculty then
'^

viz.

^f^'wr ye//^-,

not envious at another but rather ye/^y/ce z

who
^zVs!?,

has a

ieffeii

and applaud

any infeBioifs lU examples, in fiiof gorgeous Attire, ( beyond your Degree , Rank., or ' Quality.) by Frieze, or other impurity, but in all /j^ri^ and ^/^w/'/i/)/ bothof ^tf6?y and ?/W, 'Nor lllfavourdly^YL. no conceited humoroifs behaviours ox afieUed
'

Nor

Scabby, viz. not giving

perfluity

'

'

gefiuresy

iS
^Jiures,
*"

^arochiaJl Mufic\,
unbecoming the Service ofGed, but in all comlimfs, fincerepous-gfAvity and Jbbrietjf. * Thus may the Sacrifices o??raife and Than^gi'ving be offered * up unto God^ and accepted of Him , but other wile not.
Therefore
is it

^
The Chief ^*'

behoves every Christian to examine himjelf, how thefe Performances^ and above all whekif Heart go along with his Voice or not ; without the which ther all will be but as vain babling^ founding Brafs or 7inckling Cymbals. And thus have I according to my fmall Talent^ caft into Gods

he

affi&ed

when he is in

little Adite, Jincerely praying Himfoto blepit^ as it may become of fbme good afe to my Fellovp-Chriiiians^ to the Fraife and dory of Hzj Eternal Name. Amen.

Treafury vsvf

The end of the DireUions for Tarochial Muflek^

Chap. X.
Concetmng the great Excellency and Eminency of a Pfalm well Sung.
Will now in the Conclufion of this Difconrfe, adde only oue chapter more, in making mention, both of the Time and PlacCy where and ^hen and where was heard fI believe ) the moft remarkable^ and the^BeftVmg" ^ excellent Singing ofpfalms^ that has been k^torvn or rememing of Piaims ^^e^/ any where in Ti6e_/e our latter Ages. ^"^ "^^ Certain I am, that to myfelf it was the very beU HarAuthor heard, monical-Mnjicli that ever I heard ; yea far excelling all other cither private^ or pMickjCathedr.il-Muficl{_ j and infinitely beyond all verbal exprcffion or conceiving. The Time rohen, was in the year 1644. the Place where, was in the Ji at ely Cathedral Church of the Loyal City Torl{.

"^^^ioccifion
^^

'"^'

tag.

becaule by the occafion of z>, you may the better apprehendy and the more eafily be brought to believe the glorioufnefs Tand illnfirioufnefs of /^^f Performance , I will here ( in a Short feeming-DigrejJion ) declare it unto you : As alfb Ibmething of more xhtn ordinary remarks relating to that T^e and Place, The ffccafon of it was, the^re^* and clofe Siege which was then laid to that City, and Jlri&ly maintained for eleven weeks Ipace, by three very notable and confiderable great Armies, viz. the Scotch, the Northern, and the Southern , whofe three Generals were thefe,

And

David Lefley, (alias LdjS/e^ 5) for the Northern, the old Ferdinando Lord Fairfax j for the Southern, the Earl oi Manchefler : And whofe three chiefComfor the Seotch, the old Earl o? Leven, viz.

manders next themfelves, were, for the Scotch, Lieutenant-General 5 for the Northern, Sir Thomas f now Lord) Ftf/>/ja:5 and for the Southern , Oliver Cromwell, ("afterwards Lord

Froteifor.')

By

Tarochiall Muftck^.
This occafion, there were fhut up within that City, abundance of People of the befi Rank^and ^ualrtjf, viz. Lords, Kmghts^ and Gentlemen of the Countries round about, befides the Sofddiers and Citizem^ who all or moU of them came conftantly

19

By

every Sunday^ to hear Vuhlick^ Prayers and Sermon in that fpacious

church'

And indeed their Numkr was Co exceeding great, that the Church was (as I may fay) even cramming ov fqueezing fitll. Now here you muft take notice, that they had then a CuUom A
in that Church, (which I was) that always before the Sermon, the whole Congregation fang a vfalm, together with the ^ire and the Organ j And you muft
alfb know, that there was then a moft Excel/ent-layge-piump-lujiyfuU-j^eaking-Organ , which coft f as I am credibly informed J a thoujand pounds. This Organ, I fay, (when the rfalm was (et before the Sermon) being let out, into all its Fulnefs ofstops, together with the ^//re,

Good Cu-

hear not of in any other Cathedral, which

mo'^iy ufed^n cathedrals.

began the vfalm. But when That Vafl-Conchording-Vnity of the whole Congregational-Chorm, came (as I may (ay) Thundering in, even (b, as it made the very Ground fid ak^ under us , (Oh the unutterable ravifi-- the unutteratng Soul's delight I ) In the which I was (b tran^orted, and tvrapt ^JfaS Ben"*' up into Hrgh CofttemflatioMs, that there was no room left in my fit of aPfaim whole Man, viz. Body, Soul and Spirit, for any thing below Divine R'S^tly fuog. and Heavenly Raptures 5 Nor could there poflibly be any Thing in Earth, to which That very singing might be truly compar'd, except the Right apprehenfions or conceivings of T^rf^^/tfw^f and miraculous Quire, recorded in the Scriptures, at the Dedication of the Temple, of which you may read in the 2 Chron. ch. 5. to the end 5 but more particularly eminent in the two laft verfes of that Chapter, where King Solomon Cthe wifcft of men J had cdngregated the moft Glorious ^ire that ever was known of in all the world And at their Singing oC?falms, fraifes,QX Thanksgivings^ the Glory of the Lord cams dovpn amongii them , as there you
:

may

read.

I (ay, the true apprehenfiohs

diThis ^ire^ comes neareft of

any thing to be admitted as a Comparifont. But yet ftill beyond Thk, I can truly (ay, it was Ufefull to me irl a much higher manner, viz. even as a moft lively Similitude, or
Reprefentation of the Beatifical, Cceleftial, or Angelical giiires above, which continually Rejoyce before God, Adoring and fngingPraiJes to Him and of Him in all Eternity.

idem.

But

ftill

further, that I

more
It

livelily

would

may endeavour to make this (bmething apprehended, or nnderjiood to be a real true Thing ; be confidered, that if at any Time, or place, fuch a

congregated Number could perform (uch an outward Service to the Almighty, with True-ardent-invpard-Devoiion , Fervency and AffiBionate-zeal , in expectation to have it accepted by Himj
Doubtle(s
There,
it ought to be believd, that and Then.
it

might be and was done

Becauic

lO

Tarochiatt MnftcJ^.
Becaufe that at That Tinie^ the dejperatcf^efi and d/fma7dffefi of then Danger could not but draw them unto it^ in regard the Enemy was fo Very near, and Fierce upon them, efpecially on That fide the City where the church flood who had planted their Great
-,

Guns
A
ftrange

fo mifihievoujly againft the Churchy

and with which conftantly

piece of Heathenifh Incivility

of the
in

Enemy
Service.

would not fail to make ihenHellip diflnrbance^ hy Jijooting againft and battering theChurch^ in (b much that fbmetimes a Canon Bullet has come in at the windows, and bonne d about
in Prayers time they

time of Divine

(even like fbme Furious Fiend., or Evil Spirit) backwards and forwards, and all manner of fide- ways , as it has happened to meet with fquare or round Oppo(ition amongft the Pillars , in its Returns or Rebounds , untill its Force has been
HotaPi/Iar to
Pil/ar,

quite fpent.

And here there is one thing moft eminently remarkable^ and well worth noting, which was, That in all the wholetime of the Siege,, there was not any o^e Perfl/n Cthat I could hear of J did ( in the church ) receive theleaft Harm by any of their Devillip
I verily believe, there were conftantly many more then a thoufand Perfons at That Service evdry Sunday, during

Canon shot :

And

the whole Time o'ixhM. Siege.

Thus much (hall fuffice to notifie the ( General^utrknoren or unconceiv'd) Excellency and Divide worth of Singing PJalms well.
I will

now

proceed to Cathedral Muflc^.

CHAP.

Cathedral/ AdufK\,

CHA

P*

XL

Concerning Cathedrall Mufich^

ceding Part, there is but httle left for me now to Cay as to This, becau(e the Fundamental Supports of Both being the very fame , the very fame Fundamental Rules ought to be obferved
-in Both.

HAving (aid (b much concerning Parochial Mujickjn the pre-

have any Relation to the Service of the J'^^^^^J^^ 'Church, to be able to teach and adrdonip one another in vfdms and jnuftrate caJiymns and Jpiritual Songs 5 And to Sing With a Grace in their thfd"l Mu^^^^' Hearts unto the Lord : For there is nothing wanting in the Cathejdral Mnfick^ of our Nation, fo much as Thk. And liThis One Thing were but done. This Alone would do The
is,

That

that Alt

who

Workj)

viz. Refine, Illujirate,

and make a

Gloriot/s Muire, in imita-

tion of That in King Solomon's time , mentioned before in the 2 Chron* ch. 5. which, undoubtedly was The Pattern or Original

from -whence All Cathedral Mufici^was^i^ derivd'^ and in Allufion to which it is ftill Ceven J l^pt Alive, or ufed to this day in All Yet i^ffi'^ifel-yjJiort of ivhat was Then. Cathedrals But why JJ7e in Thefe otlr Dayes ftiould come fofjort of T/^e^?, I can fee no rsafonaLle caufe for in Nature or Art , becaulewe are without doubt in all outward. Rejj}e^s, in asgood a capacity as They
j-

then were, ifnot in a far /-e/^er. For we have in This our Nation a large Colk&ion, Store or Prow/tfw of the very Befi Pieces o^Art ("properly fit for That Service) that can be produced in the vehole World. Made by the moft Principal and Choice Makers in That Art 5 fo
magnificently lofty zndfublime, that (truly
I

O'"" Cathedral

btft Piecesof

Arc

in

the

''^'^^^'

believe)

it is

impoffi^

ble they (hould ever be Excelled

For certainly that Eminent height ofKnowledge, ShjU and Excellent Proficiency, both as to Compofitioh and Exprejfion, Vocal and InUrmnental, which mver was before attained unto in This Art. Except it might poffibly be by Thofe moft Excellent and choice Mu$ciavs which the Uoly Scriptures make mention of in King David and King Solomonstme,th.oCe Prophetical Singers, Afaph, Beman, Jeduthun, together with their Sons,^ Priejis and Levites, and the reft of that Vafi ^tire, the like to which was never any known to be in the world. And therefore we may probably be thought to have the very Befi, Vtmofi and Principal Part of That Knowledge and Sk^ll, which the Almighty has permitted and thought fitffjcient for the Sons of

by Art or Indufi:ry. we (inthefeourlatter Ages) are arrived to

Never

ro be
"='

^/'^''''f''^ * ^'^""
*"

men

to enjoy Here, ti\\ tr4njplanted Hence. alfo in regard there is Nothing remaining of their Art, Skill, ox Labours in thisJijnd, AndJikewile in that the mn-ld has laboured ever fince in this moft mrthy and profound Art,andmthing

And

IS

^^
is

Qathedrall Mi^fic^,
produceable which may be compared to what at This Day We do moft happily enjoy 5 yet loo mxxch unhappy that (b few^wzv, or

endeavour to underhand the things much le(s the unexpreffible Good of it 5 and therefore make not the Right ufe thereof ( not
can,) but rather (on the contrary flighty difregard, contemn^ or ) frophane it. Therefore I fay, \ve may with much Reafbn conclude, that We are arrived to the utmofi height that is permitted the Sons of men to reach unto.
the rather we may fb conclude, in that if it be confidered in This prefent Age, ( if we (eem not to decline, or go bacl^ The moft Ex- Tpards, yet J we nothing at all Excell or Exceed thofe Divine Works

And

how

'

of beft Au"
thors.

foregoing, and never to be forgotten admired rare Authors laft Century of Tears, whofe 'Hames are recorded in our church-Books, and (doubtlefsj will be preserved, as precious Monu-

^^

'^^^

of the

ments and Examples to all after Generations, fb long as the World and the church endure. The confideration of thefe things Ihould excite and ftir us up t6 endeavour more after the Knowledge,Skill, and true Vnderfianding of it, and its Divine Vfe, than is generally known or done.
The moft Exthif oT" Age.
of

2dly.

We have like wife in This our Nation, Men moft Excellent-

and Expert, as to the Art of Singing ^ fuflSciently able to perform Thoje (b Eminent and Artificial Coxjf of/res and services, far beyond whatever Hifloryot Record mzkts mention of, fince
jA/////

thofe Prophetical Singers,

The
perj)etual

gilenTotL
Church.

and Very worthy Donations, Stipends the Devout Zeal of many our Godly and very Exemplary Predecejfors, towards a perpetual maintaining of That fb Glorious and Illujirious Service.
gdly.
alfb Pious

We have

^^ Aliovpances

left us,

by

Stately chur-

4thly.
i;ittres,

We have
built
fit

chcs buiic

us.

ready
all

moreover many Jiately and magnificent Sim* us, by the Care^ Industry zn6.Cofi of Thoje our

Benefactors,

for fuch Services.

Now
fhould
it

Thefe Things confidered, and Thus concurring, how be doubted, but that we mufl necelTarily have Excellent^

The beft way

the*^dcfeal in

our ChurchMufick,

and mo^Exquijite Church-Mufick^? The truth is, I do not doubt it, but can fay, J Know, and ara Aj[furedthafwehave,7nfime Places. But this alfb I muft needs fay, that in many, or moji Places, it is Deficient, Lovp, Thin and Poor , and the Great Grief is, in that it cannot poflibly be Better d or Amended, ( Rebusfie Jiantibus ) as the Conflitution of things ftand at prefent, except there be fome other way found out for its Ajjiftance, then now is. Now here it may be demanded, what way that fhouldj or might be ? The which to antwer Rightly, can be done no better way then ^"^^ ^ coufider well, what may be the Defelij which ftill can be HO better way done, or difcerned, then by making a Comparifon, betvwxt the Original Sampler, and the Sample, and by obferving

how

They agree, or

differ^

or what Ukenefs or tmliksnefi there

may
The

be between Thsm.

Qathedrall Aiupcl^.
or Vattem is exprefi'd before, viz. the iCatkdral MHjick_ofKig Solomons Temple. And here 1 confefs I could make a Long-comparative-Recital^ be-

^5

The Sampler

tween what was Then^ and what is IsSoiv but I (hall forbear T/jat ( in This Place ) and leave it to the Confiderations and Apprchenfions of the Learned and skilfull 'mih.G Art, and (hall only (peak
-,

fomething to the DefeSf.

And
two
.

as to That,

it is

raoft apparently to

be

feen,

and

in thele

Refpefts.

viz. the Paucity or Two Defefti genarallj in fmall number of Clarks belonging to each ^ire. Cathedral Secondly, By the Difability or Infttfficiency of mofi of Thojh Mufick. darks. Now the Thinnefs of our ^ires will appear by This, viz. that in moft ^ires there is but allotted One Man to a Part'^ and by reafon of rohich it is impoilible to have That Service conftantly performed, although but in a very ordinary manner, (Thinly, yea very Thinly ) becaufe that often by reafon of Sicknejs, Ind'ifpfitions, Hoarcenefs, Colds, Bttfinefs, and maiiy other Accidents and necejjary Occafions, Men muU be Abfent, Difabled, or Impedited from doing Their Duties j Co that ztfuch Times, the Service nxvSk fifer : And fuch like Accidents happen too often. Then again, 2dly, As to the tnfufficiency of many ofThoJe (^Feiv) ele&ed Clerks j it is likewise apparent, that very Few of Them are (or can poffibly bej Majiers in the Art ofSong, or Singing ; much lels in the Art ofMtifick,^ in general. And except they be Majiers in the Art of Singing, f which is no fuch ea(le T'^j/^ as is vulgarly thought to be _) They are not to be accounted Fit for the Performance of That Choice Dttty, v/hich is the mof Eminent Piece ofOur church Service If therefore Thefe two DefeUs were Well Weighed, and confidered upon, So, as tliey might poffibly be Remedied'-, doubde(s

Fir ft.

By the General Thinnefs of moft ^ires,

our Chirch-Mufck. would be Exceedingly much

proved'-,

Refitid,

and tm-

otherwife '^ot. And now becaufe it muft needs foem a Uard matter to Re&ijie Thefe two fo very Great Difficulties, in regard they proceed from zn Occult, Remote, or foeming undifcernable Caufe'^ 1 will firft
lay

open That

unperceivable Cdufe,

and

theri ftiew

Thofe former Difficulties

ReSiijied.

may (very probably

how both be Overcome, or )

And as to this Caufe of the Thinnefs and mean performance of our The un-tifsernable but tru Cathedral Muftck^ in the general 5 Caufe of the I conceive it proceeds from nothing fo much as from the love Defefls in our
.

Ejieem,

and great Difregard, which mofl People have, and all along have had of it, in Thefe lattef Ages, fince the firft Iflftitution
Thereof.

Church-Mulick laid opeti.

well perceived, in that there \^ Nothing, or be feen or heard of J Giw from any late BenefaBors, towards the Augmenting or Maintaining of it, fince the firft very liberal and weU-meaning Founders large bounties and
ijery Little

The which may be

( to

Donations

24
Donations
fi/Jjicient
-,

Qathedrall Adf4/lc\,
Then, yet They are Noxv in a
I fay, mull:

which although They were very large^ l/kral, and manner as it were fmm/i to
needs argue a general Low^ Slight,

Nothing.

This very Thing,

and Difregardlefs value or Elieem had unto This Service. Whereas (on the contrary) if we caft our Eyes about, into any

we may (bon find out Numbers of late Beaefa&ors or Donors, to fundry and various intended Good Ends and Purpojes. As, viz,. Co much given for Ever fin Good Lands) towards the maintaining of a LeUure, a Free-School, an Almes-houfi, a FellomJl}ip, a Scholarjloip, Building of Churches, Chappels, Monuments, or
County, City, Torvn-Corforate, or Vniverfi'ty, &c,

(uch like.

But ft ill we fee This very Excellent, and mofl Glorious piece of the church-Service, to ftand Forlornly Thin, and very meanly accommodated or Provided for.
No
late

Eencto-

faftors

wards that
Service of the

Church.

Great-Rich-Men (Living or Dying) mThefe ottr latter Jges^ as Thinking^ or taking the Leaji Notice of its Abfolute and very Great Neccjfities, fb as to bequeath Come fm all matter towards its NeedfuU Augmentation and lUiifiration. And that there is fuch an abfolute Necejjlty, muft needs appear, if it (hall be condder'd, what manner of pittifuU-loiv and mean Allowances the Poor Servants of the chtrch (in (uch places } are
l>io

(b

much

The Clerks Statutable

Wages.

Generally forc'd to izt/e

upon

where

T/6c/> Te^^-Zj/ W^^ge/

are in

(bme uires not exceeding e/g^^, ;?{,, or tveelve pounds a yearj but none amounting to One quarter fo much as may fufficiently, or comfortably maintain fuch Officers, according to the Nature or Dignity of Their Places, in T^e/e our Excejjively-heightned and
Dear Times. Yet I do verily believe, that fiich Stipends or Wages might plen^' tifuUy fuffice Them, in Thoje former Cheap Times, when (as I have heard ) Good Wheat was bought for 4 d. the Bufjel , and fb in
proportion ( doubtlefs ) all other Commodities anfwerably lowprizd and Cheap : And Money Then ( on the contrary) at a High
value.

Large, liberal

and fBffieient when.

So that (without
When
infuffi-

twelve pounds a year.

cientProvifion-->
cient, and the

Queftion) fuch a Provijion oC eight, ten, or Was Then a very Confiderable, Ample and fuffiwhereas Now, All things being fo mightily alter 'd
all

Rcafon why.

from Cheapnefs to Dearnefe, it muft needs be judg'd a very Low, In confiderable, Infufficient, Unbecoming and Vncomfortable Livelihood, for fuch an officer ofthe Church, who (according to the Exhortation of the Prophet King David) {honXdSing chearfidly unto
Cod, and Heartily Rejoyce. But Alas! Alas I He or They have little Heart or Courage, in Thefe our Griping Dayes, So to Do 5 but rather on the contrary, to make Sorvr Faces, and Cry, or Roar out aloud, and fay. Who will do us any Good ^ &c. For We and our Families are almofl
fiarv'd.

fhould they be thought otherwife then well-nigh fiarv'd-, were it not for that Notable piece oC Connivance, or Contrivance

And how

Qathedrall Mrdftck^,
trwaKce of the worthy VreUta and Majiers of our Chmrhes, who fuffevThexfz to Wor/^^znd Labour CotherwileJ for Their neceffary Livelihoods ; fbme in one Callings and fome in another^ viz. in the 'Barbers Trade ^ the shoe-maf^rs Trade ^ the Taylors Trade:, the Smiths Trade, and divers other ( fortie) more Inferiour Trades or
Trofijjiofjs,

i<^

(God knows.)
-,

Thefi Things, although they (eem to the Eyes oi fome very commendable imd planjibk'-i yet toothers Not who lay, 'tis rather

a kind of Dijljonoar to the Fun&zon of a Chnrch-nian, and his

office,

&c.
1 confefs, confideririg

Yet

the

ttrgent NeceJJity

as Firft,

That no

more then Statutable-denominated-Wages can be had 3 Then 2dly. That Meat, Drink., Cloaths, and Houfe-Rent muftbe had for Themfelves, Wives and children :
Therefore of Tjv^ Evils the Lefe
is

always to be chojen.

Hard Cafe, there is a feemlng kind of NeceJJity to make choice of fuch Men into Thofe Places, as C pleaded for _) will sing fb well AS They Can, 6x fo much Money, although they be oF other Trades and rrofefjions. And indeed This is the Real, True, and Mijerable Condition of the church-Service, ("in That kind) and oi^ Thofe Toor-drudging-Clarks of G^uires generally at Thk Day, for ly^M df (bme
So
that in This

The

great

Open-hearted-Good-willing-BenefaCfors, to T/j^Service.

C/6(7/ce

P/ece ?/ /^e ^^^^ BcneT^

faftors.

So that confidering the Old-nominated-statutable-Wages, being ("as I have (aid J but ^i) or So : and thofe who lift not to Sing ("as generally mofl: of them do J So or .s<?, for ^'i? Much, may go Whijlle if they will; for they are like to get No More there being No other Provifion ( as 'tis (aid ) left, by the Precife Words of
,

the Statutes.

(A'fud
!

Cafe indeed, in Thefe Miferable-hard-dear-

Gripng-Times

ThefeThings confidered how certainly True they are, firft in reference to the Clarhj Pitifull-poor-Wages, and likewife to the general Dead-heartedncfs, or Zeal-benumb' d-Fro%en- fficiions
I (ay,

Now

in Thefe our Times, towards the Incottragement oF Such Things how can it be imagined , that fuch Clarkj (hould be Fit and Able Performers in That Duty, which neceffarily depends upon
:,

Education, Breeding, and sh^ll in That ^ality of Aluficl^, which is both a CoUly , Carefull, and a Laborious-Attainment , not at all acquirable ( in its Excellency ) by any Inferiour-lorv-capaci' tated Men.

Nor can Such Men be any way

Condition They Noiv are in
,

Capable of getting /;f, in That and very feW o^Them brings it with

into Thofe Places, (as is too generally feen.) here to (ay what I my feJf have been an Experimental Witnejs of, for more then thefe 50 years, ( in which I have been

Them

And

along a Member of the Church, and in That particular Service ) tedious and uncomely a Recital in Thk Place. Therefore out of a very Real and True Rejpe&, which I bear to the Honour of our Church and its Service, I (hall forbear^
all

would be too

Yet

%6
The Author's Good Hopes.

Qathedrall Mufick^
Little which I have here (aid, may Cone or otherj happily appear unto the Eyes^ and enter into the time

Yet hoping, that This

jiiam^

Hearts of (bme Confiderativey worthy. Able, and WiUing-Good-Chriwho may poffibly think it (as indeed it is") a Moli Ne-

ofBjenowned and ChrifiianBenefa^0rJl}ip,to Ajjiji (by Angmentation^ our Cathedral MitJicI^ in Theje Two former recited
ceffkry piece

needful! Rejpe&s.

And

in the

mean

time,

till

This fhall happen to be done,

by the

The Alpha and Omega of

this Difcourfe.

of (bme luch Nobly minded BenefaUors, ( Lovers of That Art and Service , ) There can doubtleis be found out no better prefent Remedy, then has been already (above) mentioned 5 which is, by adhering to, and putting into TraUice, the Counsel and Advice of Good St.Vaul^ which as it has been the Alpha of This my Difcourfe, fo like wife muft it be the Omega 5 vi'z,^ that every one who is Related to, and receives Benefit of the Church, (being in a Fit Capacity thereunto ) endeavour to have fo much skill, as to be -^/-/e to Teach and Admonijl) one another in Vfalms and Hymns and f^iritual
Large-heartednefs , Freenefs and Zealmifnefs

Songs, 8cc.

on

For doubtlefs there cannot poffibly be ^.j/ ca^ or thought upa EeWer or more Certain way than Ti^^^, especially in This (b

Diicult a Cafe.

Chap.
Maay
of the

XII.

M afters of our
Church very
Skilful! at thrs

Day, to the great advantage of the

Service.

(uch Able, and very shilfuU-worthy Terfons, Maflers o^ Our Church at This Day, who are Thus Extraordinarily ^alified, is fufficiently known, to Their ovm deftrved Great Commendations^ and the Churches mofi happy and nethat there are
eeffary Support^ Themfelves not only help the Burthen o^That moB Excellent Service, by uniting to bear up t\i\x Voices (mskill) together with the uire--> But alio by rea(bn o^ Their (b Great Knowledge and Vnderfianding in the Art, are able to difcover any the leaft Fault or Blemifj in the Service, com-

AND

many

Who lb often as They can be Refident

mitted by others who are

lefs

SkilfuU

more

Vfefull and HelpfuU

in that particular Service, in

And Thereby become much many Re-

fie&s, than otherwi(e They could poffibly be, ( had they but little or No sl{ill'mtheArt-

For They give Example to others Profitably j Re&ife Errours Effe&ually 5 and Reprove Ignorance or Infkfficiency Knowingly and
Confidently.

potable

Whereas on the contrary,

Storjf of a

confident ignorant Clark,

^ire (a very notable, by one of the prefent darks , who to my knowledge was more Ignorant in the Art ofSeng, then a Boy might be thought to be, who had Learn d to Sing but only One month ; yet could make a fbift to

Reverend Dean ofa fmart-j^irited Gentleman) Egregiovfiy Baffled

I

have

known

Cathedrall Mufick^,
to Sing moft of the Common Services and Atithews^ by long u(e and habit, (with the Ke/?J pritty well, f as Birds \n Cages ufe to
ji;hijile

27

their

Old Notes-

'.
.

Yet I fay, jhis Dean being known by T^his Bold-ConfidentDunce-Clark^ ( who you rriuft know took himfclf to be a kind of
Pot-Wit) to have N^ 5^'^ at all in the Art of Mufickj^ iheDean^ I fay, upon a Time (after Prayers) coming out and following Ti^is Crcat-JoUy-BooH'Fellow^ and as he was pulling off his Surplice^ began io Rebuke him JIhirply., (and indeed \cxy jujily ) for a Grojs Abfnrdity committed by Him in 7h at very Service lime^ by reafbn this Great-DunJiical-infufftciency in Singing of an Anthem alone 3 in which he was fo Notoriottjly and Ridicfdotijly Out, as cau(ed A11^ or moft of the Toung People then prefent, to burft out into Laughter, to the Great Blemijl) of the Church-Sorvice^ and the Dijljottour of God, (at That Time, and in That Place. But Thf^ it fell out, ( in fhortjl viz. that after the Angry Dean had Ruffled him (bundly in very fmart Language, (b that he

thought he had given him shame enough for

Duncery
3

his Injuficiency

and

How think
Why,

ye This Blade came off?

and in fuch a manner as made all theftan- Theftrang-* m venting himfelf in Thefe very ^"a fhroTd c'ers by Wonder and Admire Hi Words, (for I my (elf was both an Eye and Earwitnefs) with a wit of an igmo^Jiern Angry Countenance, and a vehement Rattling Voice, even "f ""Au^re"^'' Co as he made the Church Ring withall, faying, Sir-r-r-r ( (baking his head J I'd ha' you knovV I Sing after the Rate of fo much a. Tear, (naming his Wages ) and except ye Mend my Wages, I am refolvd Never to (ing Be: ter whil!i I live. Hark ye Here, Gentlemen I was there ever a more Nicking piece offirewd Wit, (o fuddenly fhew'd upon the Occafion, than This Yea, or more Notable and Efi&ual to the f'urpofe <? as you was (hall hear, by the ^e^we/. For the Cholerick^Dean ^vas (b fully and jkfjiciently Anfiperd, that turning immediately a.way from him, without onervord more. He Hafted out of the Church, but Never after found the leaft Fault with 7hk Jolly Brave Clark^'-, who was Hugg'd more then (ufEciently bv all the ReU of the Puny-Poor-Fellon>-CUrks-, for Thk his Heroic k_Vindi cat ion and fF/7. I have here (et down This Story out of no Jocundity, or jf^'^/j" Light-Humour, {God knowsJ but only to (hew what Confidence many (uch Ignorant Clarks have grown up unto, raeerly as it were to fijrowd themfelves in their Injjficiency and (eemingly likewife to JuUifie the fame, only for want of Better or more fufBcient
mofl Notably,
--y

.<?

f,

Allowances.

Therefore that they might be void of AllExcufe, and alfo be in An affureJ a Capacity to be Able Performers, there can be but One way toEfieSt oTairExcufc ^^."'" it 3 whichis, thatif itwere;?i?(/?^/e,T^e/r/F4^e'j'might be/rg'4 lb that They might be taken oiF, from all other Imployments what- th^ctoS''^ ever, and wholly attend and wait upon the Church, and Its Service j by which means they would not only have All the oppor*
'^'"

tunifies

28

Cathedra!/ M.uftc\.
tumtks imaginable for

their improvements in the Art^ whereby to gain perfeli sktli-, S^c. but alio it would be no fmall Inducement ( but a majn Motive ) to Encourage^ or win Them to Sanllified and An afTured Tiotfs Lives and Conversations j the which queftionlefs would lb way to ftop Amplijie and Adorn ( yea make Amiable) the 7x>hole Service^ that all the mouths of the Adver- the very worft of its Enemies^ muft neceflarily (at leaft)y?<?/> their faries of This months from fiea^ing Evil either againft: It or Them, ( which too
Service.

be a means whereby to draw Them into a Love and Delight of That Service. This I humbly conceive may be a Eu/inejs worthy ConfideraBut which way to bring it to pafs is the Great Difficulty^ for tion want of Open-hearted New Benefalors, which we are utterly deBiiute of in Thefe our Days. However, I am not douhtfull but I fhall here propofe a Way^ both very Natural and fuitahle, if it may only find Favour in the Eyes of our Reverend and worthy Makers and Rulers of our Churchy ( for it folely depends upon their Coodnefs, Good-wills and

many do 5 ^

if not alfo

-,

Kindnefs.

way propo.

fed for a prefenc Help.

That confidering there is Much given by the old Founders and BenefaBors in Good Lands for Ever, toward the maintaining of the Church, its Officers and Services ^ And all which Lands, have undoubtedly been mightily Improved, as to the Increafe o^ Rents, for Stipends, Wages ov Dividends, &c. If therefore, in regard ot This:, and alfo, that the Poor Claris Proportion oi^ Lands (if any fuch may be thought to be, which in Reafon might well be conceived to be ) yet Jiands at ajiaj, and nothing at all Improved fince the Jirjl beginning, by any fi'g^!s of. In" creafe coming to Them, ("Poor men. J And that the feeming preftnt urgent necejfity of Augmentation in That kid does fo plainly appear, and as it were Cry out aloud for fome Relief ox Ajjijiance, and no other Hopes or ExpeBation in any kind ( efFedual ) can Probably be Thought upon, Hoped for,

The way

is

This, viz,

or Expe&ed. How the

much
Bufi-

I fay, if

nefs might be
affifled,

pleafe to

be fo kind,

therefore ( in This fad Cafe ) They Themfelves would as to Condefcend a little, and allow Them fome-

in cafe of

no

more Eenefaftors.

thing ( if not the whole ) of fuch Improvements, Proportionable to Thofe Ancient (former denominated) Statutable Wages of 8, 10, or 1 2 /. a year, e^c to the prefent very needfull fupport of Them

and the Service the Bufnefs Cno queftion) might ("m This refpeftj be Effi^ually done. And This I prefume cannot be thought an Vnfuitable, Vnnatural, or Vnreafonable Remedy or way, and therefore may as Reafonable be allow'd an Humble Defire , or a Longing Ex'->

peBation.

But if This cannot be Had, Things are like to fland without any Hopes of Refinement or Improvement.

as They do^

humbly leave them to the Wife, Juji, and Piotff Confiderations of All Thofe who have to do, and are chiefly concern d in This Great and mofi Eminent Affair of our Chnrchthus
I

And

Miftck.

Very

Qathedrall Aiufic\,
Very much more might be
(aid

^9

(in divers and fiandry Parti-

Trvo chiefly being the Principal

culars) concerning This Bufinefs oi Cathedral Mnfich^x, EutThcfi and Main Confiderabk ihings^

whereby our
Jirated^
(^

Service can poffibly be thought

md

by No other voay

any way to be ll/uImaginaLle ) for if T/ey were once

'->

ferfeBly
after

and fticietly Effi&ed^ they would confequently draw them, or to them, whatever elfe might be thought needful! Therefore I iay, ihe^e Two Things^ viz. the Thinncfs or Weakmfs of moft of Oar ^tires, and the too lovp Wages or Allowance of the prefent few Clar^, would mcejfarily be provided for, or elfe it is in vain to think of^ or expeft any lUuHration of That Service^ otherwife then what at the prefent we now enjoy. Therefore I fhall here conclude All, with my very Hearty
Trayers^

Thefe two main things provided for,

vsould
elfe

draw

All whatever
is

needful.

and Bell o^ oxxxPublickjChnrch-Service to the Almighty^ has in All Ages been had in high veneration and efteem amongft the Saints and Servants ofGod, even from the firft Inftitution of it, all along down through the Law 2ind the Gojpel, until This day J it might ftrll FloiiriJJ) , and more and more appear to be ("what indeed it is^ if
Dejire, that (as This moji lUiiJlrio^

and Fervent

Piece

The high Veneration in

all

Ages had unto

This Service.

K\ght\y performed)

THE MOST EXCELLENT AND MOST GLORIOUS ,THING IN THE WHOLE WORLD.
Which
that
it

may.
on Gonceiva.
blelike This,

The Cod of all Harmony,

bring into Concord and Perfeli Vnity No Illuftrati.

and which
muft Deeds be Acceptable unto the Al
Blighty.

All Dijfentingy Jarring, and DifiordingChriUians, fo that they may have a Right Difcerning of the True Worjioip and Service of Him

--i

And

be poiuble, that they might Joyn Hearts, AffeUions, and Voices in the pMick^Ajfemhiies 5 in Zeal to God, and Love to one
if it

another.

By which means only, might our ChriJiiaH Oblations, and Sacri~ fices of Praife, Thanksgiving and Adoration, be both Augmented^ Refined and lUuflrated, and alfb affuredly Acceptable unto Him 5 As are Thofe of the CeleSlial Quires Above, whole Eternal fVorl^ and
Recreation
is.

Beings in Vnntterabh

Only Singing, and Rejoycing before Him the Efernal and Vnconceivable Allelnjahs.

Glory be to God.

The end of Cathedrall Muficl^

AN

50

Cathedra II Ainfick^,

An
To
all

EPISTLE
Ignorant "Defpifers

OF THIS
Divine Part of

M U S I C K.

Kind

Ignoramus, -whofoe* re Thou art^ l^ot ha'vittg Skill in This nioji Glorious Art ^ Nor k^iowing Note^ and Carelefs ere to Learn, I prithee Read This Book Tbott*It then Difcern Thy Grofs Dcfei ; and th' great Neceffity Of'Lesirnmgfomething in This Myftery. Bnt now I thinh^ont^ kB Thou /houldeH Crutch So Hard a Task, and thinly fucb Pains too much,
:

rie for

Thy

fake a {hotter

And Here

m Thefe ferp

way contri've^ Lines my Counfel gi've

one Queftion,

Bntjjrji Fie ash^ Thee This

Which k a Queftion worthy Thinking m.

And
'
*

This

it is,

What

think'^ Thou Mufick was ordained for ?

That Thing which Angels Love, and Devils Abhor j ' ThatThing which Evil Spirits doth Expell ^ ' That Thing which clearly differs Heav'n from Hell ' That Thing which Bcft of Men do chiefly Ufe ^ ' That Thing which Worft of Men moji what Refufe i ^That Thing which fnre's (^f Chiefeft Excellence, ' Next to Divinity V Preheminenc^ ' That Thing which in High Heav'ns Angelick Qiiire, ^Both Cherubins, 4c^ Seraphins Admire j
, ',

*
' '

That Thing in which th' Enthroned Hofts do Praife The Lord of Life, in Everlafting Layes h That Thing which all along in Churches Story,

'
'

Cod*s (true) Glory They h^ew 'mongH Arts no Better Art than This *N<?, none fo Good to fmt Heav'ns Myfteries.

Both]ews

^a<s?Chriftians us' d for

This

Qathedrall Muficf^'
This Art Excelleth All rvithont Controul
;

31

The Faculties it mo'veth of the Soul Jt Jiifles Wrath, it caufeth Griefs to ceafe ; It doth excite the Furious Mind to Peace : Itjiirf up Love, Increafeth Good Defires ^ To Heav'n alone^ its Center, it Afpires, It kindles Heav'nly Raptures, and doth mah^
That Soul that's thus enflam*d for to partaJ^ 0/ Heav'nly Joys.

^~

And

canji

Thou

thin\that

God made This^rnought

Or that Its My fienes pou!d not be fought, But ^enegleftcd by His Chiefeft Creature

Man

f Oh fie ! Oh fie I Sure, fure The Wife Creator Did not intend It fo to be Neglcfted ;
?

But by Thy wife Regard to be Kefpedicd ; And fought into j and Labour'd for and Us'd But Great Care tah^n^ Not to be Abus'd, As 'tis too much by moft But Mufick Right,
'
-,

y4^/RightJy Us'd,

No better SoqIV-Delight.

Thelc are fnch Certain Truths, none<:<deny5 The Scn^tar ejpea!{s them plain, much more then T. Kead, Read Thofe Sacred Texts ith' Margent Quoted^ Then fure Thou'lt think Thcnoi worthy to be Noted j If any ^p^ri^of Love-Divine be in Thee ^nto God's Glory, doubtlefs then they I win Thee "Not only to the Love of This High Art, But alfo moi/e Thee flrive to bear Thy Part In This fo Heav'nly dt(5^fublime a Thing, In which the Angels, and Archangels Sing
Eternal Allelujahs
to

iChron.a^.j;
ch. z$. 7.

Eph.j. i8,i9 Colo^ii5.

Pfa.37.Pfa.4,-.J

Pfa.i7.Pfa.8i*.

Pfn

Pfa.jz.Pfa 95. 9.< P'-i 9g.

1 CliiOi'.. 1
.

,7,

Heav'ns King.

This out of Great-good-will to Thee J write^ Hoping it may help Tune thy Soul aright.

ch.ifi6, i8= z Chr. 19.25; 16,17, aSch, 50.11. Judg.s.Ex.15; Ezra j 10,11. 2 Sam. 6. f. 2 Chron. y.
8

Kead^ Read Thofe Quoted Places

And

if

Thou

like

Read ^rFour, them not, then Read no more.

*,

THE

5^

I
O U

<
^ ^

a
iiiiiSiiSiiiiiiiiiiiiiii fiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiif
The
Seconds and

CIVIL

Tart :

OR,

The
A

LUTE made Eafie.

LnjTE-'P A\r.
BEING
arid

Recreative Praeludium to This Whrl^

of the

A "Dialogue between the JHJTHO^

His L'-UTE :
fadly of
Its

The Lute complaining

Jidjoyning, in Reference

Great Wrongs and Injuries,

With fomething Kemark^bk

Author.

rows) near What h the Caufe^ my Dear.Renowned-Lutc;^ Thou art of late fo Silent, and fo Mute? Thou feldofn dofk in Publick now appear j Thou art too Melancholly grown //eir.
Lute. Since 'tis

w
W"
What need you
too obvlousyz***
is

to the Language of

MV SICK,
fit

"Jr "TUat
As

maj^s Thee
if

fo Sad

m^

Noble Friend,

Thou

wert

( with Thy End ?

Sot-

<i/J^Thefe Queftiofts tphy *tps fo ?

All ilien

to

know.
:

The World

grown fo Slight ; full of New Fangles, And tah^s their Chief Delight in Jingle- Jangles With Fiddle-Noifes ^ Pipes of Bartholmew, Lij^e thofe which Country- Wives huy^ Gay and New, To pleafe their Little Children when they Cry This mah^s me fit and Sigh thus Mournfully. Author. Alsis my Dear too fenpble I dm
:

Of thy

Juft Grief J Therefore I hither came

to

34
And
let

(^^IVr^Iudiumto
To Comfort Thee, if pojjibly

Thislf^orJ^.

I mighty

Thee

hiiow^ I

mean to do thee Right.

Lute. HoTP can that be^fince Fame ha^ Cry'd me down With That Fools-Bolt, Vm out of Fafliion grown ?

Author. Fear
J do not doubt ^

Thou it not for fuch a Courfc Thee many Fiiends to mah^.

\

Tletak^^

Lute. 7 doubt

it

much^

for

fever al Keafons vphy\

Tm

Injur'd not with

One,

biit^

Many

Lye

Tortur'd much jv/^/^ Fumbling-Fools, And oft Abus'd by Bunglers, and Their Tools. Author, 'this is confefs'd. All which Iknow^aud mart
Befide^s^

Vm

Thdn Thou
1 here's

what Thouji faid before, nought of thy Concern but I it hnow^

canji fay^ with
'jpie

And foon can

7hou mayU
Old

Thy
is

Friend out from

Thy Foe
,

not

Thus Defpair,

Lute, Defpair I doi

Dowland

he

Dead
,

R. Johnfon too

Some
thin

Comof
^^'

pofeis
^'^

Great Mafters in My Artj In each o/'Them I had more than One Part, Or Two, or Three ^ They were not Slngle-Soul'd, Asmoji our * Upftarts are^ and too too Bold. ^^^" ^f*^^ Them, that Famqm man Gotiere Did mah^ me Gratefull in each Noble Ear j He's lihewife gone: I fear me much that I

Two

Famous Men

Am not

Long-liv'd, hut p^ortly

too fhall
!

Dye.
that

Author. Chear uf^ Brave Soul

Tet Living,

Andh^ow

fomd

who

for

Thee

will tahefuch

That Thou fhalt be ReftorM

Thy

Care, (there are former Glory,

And be
But

Eterni'z'd to Eternal Story.

Lute. I h^ow I ha've fome Friends which yet do Live,

are fo

Few, can fcarcely make me Thrive

:

My Friend Jo. Rogers, He's The only Man Of Fame HeH do me All the Good he can has not long to flay But He grows Old now And when He's gone, go Hang my felf I may ^pon the Willows, or where elfe I liB^ And there may long enough fo Harfg, I wifi^ "Ere any Take me down. Author. Come^ come forbear Such Penfive Thoughts ^Thefe Cafl off Thy Fear, And know^ All Things their Revolution hai^e
;

'

The Great Creator, He This Order

ga'ue

To

fiA Tr^ludium to This iVor^

' ^ *
'
' '

3^

To

his Chief Worh^mtn Nature, that he Jhould

in

AU Things

This fame manner Turn and Fold %)pon that Wheel which ever turns them Korpn^ One while they're Up, another while they're Down 'Tis now your Lot to he Below ^^ fee^
it

But Up you Jhall again as Certainly. Lute, foufpeak^fome Comfort. Au. Doubt

not

Jfay

It is fo fure, as

Night is to the True worth can ne're decay,

Day j

Lu. I'm much Refrefh'd \ my Heart you hugely Chears But yet methinj^s I ha<ve fome little Fear, Becaufe 'mongH all the Books of fundry Arts,
There's not

writ of my Deferts, Which gi'ves both Full and Certain Rules whereby

One ^ook yet

to

To

he Aflifting

Pofterity

Jn my Beloved Art.

Auth. 'Tvs true^*tis fo Now for Your better Comfort, ^o Jhall kow^ There is a Friend of Yours, Vie not yet Name^ If 'very Ready for to do The fame
'j

And fully
Fut

hath intended It fiall be

;

into Print

the

which

e*re long

you I fee
?

:
i

This for your

Comfort

tah^.

Lu.

Tm

much RevivM

But

is It

made,

or yet to be Contriv'd

Auth. 'Tis almoji wholly made^ andfo near done

As

is the

Day,

near fetting of the Sun.

;

Chear up my Grieved Hearty And all my Drooping Spirits, come bear a Part ^nits your fehes in Chearfulnefs and Mirth,
Lute. I joy, I ioy
Tet longing for

That Day of our New-Birth*

Chorus,

Jojn in Joyful! Mirth, And Long for That Good Day of our New-Birth In which we'l Triumph, in Harmonious Chear, And keep That JUBILE-DAY Year after Tear.

We

All Unite and

The Language of Mufick confirmed, BEloved Reader, you mufh h^oW^

\

the

That

LUTES could
unto

Speak ere you could fo

Lutes Language.

There has been Times whenThey haz/e been

DISCOURSERS

King an^ Qyeen

F 2

To

3^

atJ ^Ti^ludium

to

This Work^

To Nobles, andthe Higheft Peers j And Free Accefs had to Their Ears
Familiarly
5

fcarce pafs'd a

Day
i

Jhey woitld not Hear rvhat Lute would fay But fure at Night, though in Their Bed,

Iheyd

Liften well what then She faid.

She has Difcourfesycj fublime,

No Language yet in Any Time Had Words fufiicient to define

Her Choice Expreflions fo Divine. Her MatterV of fuch High Concern,

No

Common Folks

can

It difcern

'Twos

ne'er intended for the

Kudc

And

Boifterous-Churlilli-Multitude

But for Thofe Choice-Refined-Spirits Which Heav'nly-Raptures oft Inherits.

' '

'Tis fttejifure for fijch as

They
',

Pray ''Who hai>e their Souls Divinely Bent ' To Serve their God, with Hearts Intent ' Such Students as Thefe be can Spell ' Her meaning out and oft can telly * By Her Infpiring-Influence,
,

Who Contemplate and UzWy

.*

What
Tet

is

Her Choice Intelligence

*
'
""

want they Words for to exprefs Such Raptures as Jhe doth polT'efs J heir }sA mds wit hall and niah^s Them be
-^

'

L?% Men
This
is

Infpir'd, through

Harmonic

'-,

'
'

no Fi61:ion, but well

known

The various
ofRlei?^^

To Some, though not to Every one. But if you doubt ojf This, you may Co^pder well All men how They Are fe'z/eral ways Endowed fame bs
-J

As

'twere

Others

Cut out for Myfterie again^ fo Hugely Dull,

5

Ihat nought of Art comes near their Skull Tet He who e're had Ripeft Wit, And made the Higheft Ufe of It
In Arts that
e're

was h^own

e'v'n

He
In

Came

O^ovt of knowing Myfterie

cL/f
In General
:

Tr^U4dmm to Tim iVork^,

37

He had his Bound^ Mh Limiration/wre He fomid: And though ih'. moji hh didY.y.cc\\
hi Chiefefl:

Knowledge
',

yet to Spell

He muji

again

Is lon'rant in

and JJjew that He mofi: Things that be

fo

And

'very

fnv attain

High,

1o underjiufid This Myfterie. Tet that It may appear more plain^

Tie injiance
to you

once again

In one Comparifon, which

You
True.
atid well

Will not deny^ bnt fay

'tis

He who

confiders

Right

The
''

Laii-

How

p!;uage

of

Beafts^wc/ Birds their Stories tell

Birds and
Beafts.

To One another Certainly,

And yet

jio

Words

f/j^^y/'^^i^

Plainly

But by That Language which is givn In Nature, (^by Decree from Heav'n) They Underftand undotihtedly
]Each others Speech, as well as

The Language of
Nature*

we

X)o our own

Words, which we do fay,

ftedfafi:

Af

by Experience fee yon may:

Ifyoiil regard with

EyeS,

And
Ton
I

dive into fuch Mvfteries.

find that Nothing's Plainer then

That

BRUTES have Speech as well

little
5

as

MEN.

ftilth er fill Vie go And fpeah^of what I cannot know

Tet do believe
/>

to be

fo^
I

And doubt
Confider

not but

you

do

fo too.

h^w

that Spirits ufe

The Language of
Spirits.

^Though not by Words) for to infufe Their Meanings to each other fo^ That Each, Each others Meanings h^ow. Though Words % Men a Language be^
Tet fomething elfe
l)'>es

we may well fee

N^we.
The CoEfequence.

do the Office ofthefame^

a.

But

not

Word,

or Letter

Why may not Lute then Tell to me, ( Who know Her Hidden My fterie }
$uch

3^

(^ Tr^hidimn to This IVork^

Such Stories as I Underftand, Though fome in Them are at a ftand, As to the Couchant Scnce therein^
Being
chiefly fleas' d

with That fweet

Din

Which

Gratefull

is to th*

Outward Sence,

But wants th* Inward Intelligence. To clear this by Comparifon, In Aptnefs here Tie gi've yoK One.
TheCompa'Tis h^oxvn even in Divinity, ifon made There lies the felf-fame Myftery good from
I

Divinity.

The outward Meanings many k^ow 0th* Texts oth' Scripture, and can jherp By words fignificantly good, The proper Meaning underflood Of This or That Difcourfe ; they I tell According to Right Reafon well. ' Tet beyond This a Secret lyes^ * Htdfrom all outward Ears and Eyes j ' And!s only to the Inward Sence ' ferceii/d^ by Divine Influence. ' This^ True Divines can furely tell^ ' Who by Experience hj^ow it well 5 ' There is an Inward Ear and Sence,
'

Which

is

the fvery Qyinteflence

* '

O/Mans

true Undcrftanding Part,

N(?r to be attain

d by Humane Art
lefs to

(Much
*
Tnfus'd,
*

be exprefs'd,
to

But

'tis * Innate,

and

Him giv'n
Heav'n.^
tellj

Of Infpir'do

'

By

God alone j (a Gift from

Long

/ might from hence

Stories

But I will here no longer dwell 5 Tie haflen to my Work away. Only This One Thing / tpill fay

No LANGUAGE
Than
is

of greater lorcetome,' the Language of LUTE'S Myfterie.

is

The

}9

The Second Tart.

The

LUTE
Chap.
a
is
:

made
1.

EaiGe.

THat PlayLVTe was upon,

the
to
well
fhall

Hard or very
confeffed
it
5

Difficult InltrHment.

And

the Rcafonx why,

Eajie^

here be given

But that
5

is lS!ow

and very

Familiar,

is

as Certainly True

And

the Reafom

fliall

likewid- be

given.

The Firii and Chief Reafi'n that it was Bard in former Times, The firftan^ viz. to ciiiefReafon was, Becaufe they had to their X^f/ but Few Strings
,

fome 10, fome 12, and fome 14 strings, which in the beginmt7g of my Time were alraofl: altogether in Vfe-^ ("and is this preferit Year 1675. Fifty four years fince //r/? began to undertake T/6^^
Inilrument.

was Hard, by
fevvnefs of

Strings.

J
after,

they began to adde more Strings unto Their 1 8, and 20 Strings 5 which they to be fo Great a Convenience, ftayed not long till they finding added more, to the Number of 2^, where we iidw xe{k fatisfied ; only upon my Theorboes I put 26 Strings, for Ibme Good Reafons I lliall be able to give in due Time and Vlace. Now (having but yety^i^/ fo) I will Pr^z^e it very manifcftly ;

But foon

tntes, fo that

we had Lutes of 1 6,

Thus

therefore

Proved ijy GocdReafoa.

expected to Pei-form innch, and to be Conjuid and Limiied to Straitnefs , or Narrow jsoknds , certainly mufi: needs be concluded more Difficult, than where there is Liberty, Scope, and
Freedom. This is the very Cafe between the Lutes o/iFormeY Times, and the Lutes olThis prefnt Age. Yet a little more ful/y, efpecially to Thofe who are Vnexperienc'd in the Art or Inurnment. You muft know, that he who undertakes the Lute, will meet

To be

becoming the Lute, viz, Compofures o^ Tarts, with variety o^ Trebles, Bafes, and Inner Parts. All which upon the Old Lutes , by reafon of the Fewnefs of Strings, was freally) extreme Hard to perform.
"with things

much

And from Thence chiefly did it derive the name o Hardnefe, or a Hard InUrttment ; which ever fince Cthroueh the Ignorance of People) hath continued upon It. Whereas Now, ( oh the contrary ) as Really as it was Thert
Hard, (b Truly

vulgar Er'^"'
''"'"f

become Edjie, and very Familiarly Pkafant to the Learner, by reafon of the Increafe of Strings.
is it

Secondly^

40
A SecondReafon is, from the Workmen in thofe days.

The
Secondly,
Lutes (b
tpell^fine^

Qml Tart

or.

A Third
fon,

Reafrom the

Clofenefi of Maflars.

did not Lay their and eafie for the fingers^ as now by experience our late Worhctnen have been inform'd to RcCtiJie 5 which is a very great, yea a main matter in thc^ye of the Lute. ( A more particular explanation of tA^, (hall be when I come to ihew the whole Order of the hrjirumeftt. A Third and very Confiderable Reafon is, From the Clofenefs ofMaJiers in the Art, who ("all alongj have been extreme shie m revealing the Occult and Hidden Secrets of the Lute. The French ("who were generally accounted Great Miajlers feldom or never would prick, their Leffons as T:hey Vlayd them^ much lefs Reveal any thing ("further than of neceflity they muftj to the thorough underftanding of the Art, or Injiritment, which I (hall make manifefl and very flain. Nor was there, nor yet is there Any Thing more conftantly to be obferved among Majiers, than to be Very Sparing in their Communications concerning Opennejs, Plainnejs, and Frcenep 5 either with Parting with their Lejfons, or Imparting much of Their SkjU to their Scholars j more than to ftiew them the Ordinary may how to play fuch and fuch Lejjbns. This hath been, and ftill is the Common Humour , ever fince

The Work^men of Thofe Times

my
* '

Time.

So that

it is

no marvel,
Fetp,
its Secrets.

that

it

continues Dark, ^nd Hidden to

AU, excepting fbme

who make it thtir chiefWork.to PraCiife,

and Search into

*

<I5>

Which when they have done, and with Long Pains, and much ' Labour obtained, THEY DYE, AND ALL THEIR SKILL AND

*EXPERJENCE DYES WITH THEM.

* '

So that the next Generation

for fuch Attainments.

is

ftill

to feek., and begin again

a-'Nevp,
'

Note,

thai
'

And

rarely not a-

bove one or two Eminent

Lute-Maflers in an Age,

One or 'So that Cto 'they keep All

'

may be noted, That feldome in an Age appears above Two who are Excellent or Rare Artijis in This k^nd.
it

Aiagnijie,
clofe to

and make Themjehes more lUuJlriom ) Themfelves, communicating Nothing but

upon a
'

Pecuniary Account.

This muft needs make EaJFe Things Hard, and Long before they be known in a General way, fb as they may become Eajie. ' Whereas, if fuch kfiovping MaUers, would be fb k!"d to their * Fellow-Creatures, as to and Difcover their Knowledge and Reveal ' Experience (whilfl They Livd) more freely, or at leaft leave it be* hind them to be publifhed to the world for a Common Good after ' their Deceafe, it would much redound to the facilitating of the
* *

Art,
'

and Gratifying of Pojierity.

the Grace of God
Befi Abilities,
I

Which by

will

make my Buflnefs to do,

the Art.

ac-

cording to

my

and Vnderjlanding in

' '

And

Purpofe it I Jhall not doe^ Say^ Good- will wa^ mt wzntingthereunto.

if to th*

Thus

l^he
Thus much
iTiufl:

Lute made

Eafle.

41

I think may be fufficicnt to gain Beliefs that the needs have had fiich Impediments^ by rea(bn of which,it Ltite mtght well be accounted a Hard InUmment, The which being taken away, I doubt not but it will appear

both
ls,

Eafie^

and very

DelightfitU.
Ibrtie

Now I will

give you

Reafins

why it is become Eafle ^ and

Thefirfi Rea-

by the Increafe ofStrings , which (although it may eem a Riddle to IbmeJ is moft True. And here you muft take notice, that when we fay a Lute of 1 2
Strings^ there are but 6
,

Lute

is'

be-

come

Eafie,

R^aller'"^

and likewife a Lute of 24

stritigs,

there

.^

fas to fiibflantial Vfe-) For we always Tune andjlrik treo Strings together as ou^. So that in the Old Time upon their Lutes of 12 Strings (as to ufe ) they had but 6 : Therefore were they conftrain d to extreme hdrdj crofsy and wringing Stops^ both above and below upoij
1 2,

are but

the Finger-board.

Yea, fuch Stops have I feen, that I do ftill wonder how a Mans Hand could ftretch to perform (bme of them, and with fuch fvpifinefs of Time as has been (et down. "** Whereas Ntfw, by the Addition oCjix Ranks ofStrings^ All thofe hard crofs-graind Stops are tmdone , and brought to a Natural Form^ and Aptitude for the Hand j And are Co very Eafe^ that an half an hour Ingenious Child in hxlf an hours time, may readily Form its Hand ^bie to perto the whole Number of Hard Stops, ordinarily in u(e,and generally dJftftops^ufil Requirable for the neceffary Icope o Lute-play. on the Lute, which I (hall moft plainly DemonJirate, when I come to in^ The form the Learner and (et down the Rudiments thereof.
.

Again, There is found by Experience a Better manner of Laying A fecond Reafon why eafierj ourLutei, fas we term it) which is done, by caufing the Fzger- m Refpefts, 3 board, I. to lye a little Round,OY Vp in the middle 5 as alfo that the Bridge (anlwerably) rife a little Round to it. Then 2dly. to lay the Strings fo clofe to the Finger-hoard^ that the Strings may almoft feem to touch the firfl Fret. This is call'd Laying of a Lute Fine, when all the Strings lye near the Frets. 5dly. Laying the Ranks ofStrings fo carefully, that the Pairs may be conveniently Near, and the Ranks pritty wide. By which meails we have a more ready and certain Command over them, for neat and clean Tlay. The(e things were not in the Old Lutes fo regarded, as may ftill appear hy mzny oC Them, yet to be met withall. 'The Injirument-makers were not Then acquainted With. That * Secret, which affuredly is (uch an extraordinary Great Advan' tage to the Hand 5 That \iTwo Equal flayers of a years ftanding, Note. ' Ihould either of them take up a feveral Lute, the one well Layd, 'and order 'd as I have defcribed 5 and the other III Lay d, (as were * generally the old Lutes) it would be judg'd by their difference in * Play, that the One having learn'd a Tear., the Other had not learn'd
'

above a Quarter.
'

This I do affure you is a moft Certain Truth. Therefore you may very well conclude from thefe Reafons

'only,

42,
'

The Qhil ^^art

'

oi

only, there mufi: needs be a Great Facility in Playing

Lt{tes

upon

Thefe

whence the
nameofHardncfsisderiv'd.

'

of 0r Time^ more than upon Thofi of the old Time : From whence hath come, and (till remains moji Faljlji.^ the name of

Hardneff. befides

Now

all

Thefi Reajd/;s for Advantage utid Eafinefs,

Advantages from rheArtifl

included.

(which I doubt not but do (eem apparent to the Reader ) being only in the InBrument^ which Time and Experience hath reformed ^ It will not be unreafonable to conclude, but that there are, or may be likewife feveral other Advatitages from the Artifi^ whereby the Work may be made more Eafie. Otherwile we have laboured many years in Vain^ which wouW be too great a Di^aragement unto us of This frefent Age to be
of ^ fince it is generally (een and known, that in All Arts Time and Experience finds out more Compevdious and Ready ways to perfeU and accomplifi their Works in, than was known in the "Beginnifig and Infancy oiArts. I will nominate (ome Particulars here in reference to the Great Benefit of the Scholar^ and towards the facilitating of
Guilty

Some of them
named.

the Work;

A wofvifl mifehiefto Learners.

83=*

The Firft (hall be, I would ( by all meansj that the Scholar be taught to string his Injirument^ with Good and True Strings ; alfo to Fret it, and to know when the Frets ftand Right or Wrongs which may be eafily and quickly done. Secondly, That the Scholarhe taught ((b fbon as poffibly may be ) to Tune the Lute^ which likewife may in a reafonable Tims be done. For, the want of fiich skj^, is not only a great DifiouragemeTti to the Learners^ and alfb a great Hindrance to their Troficiency , but is a Grand Caufe of much Corruption of the True DifiiiiguiflnngMu{ical-F acuity of their Ear. For, long and much ufe of Playing with an Inflrument out of Tune-, does habituate and wont them (b to Falje Sounds^ that at laft they grow Carelefs, and Icarcely ever after become Good and
Accurate Tuners. This I have prov'd

by

Experience:
fhall (et

The
I

Helps to aU This I
inJiruCf

down in its

proper place, wheril

come to

my Scholar in

the Documents of Lftte-play.

CHAP,

'7 he

Lnte made Eafte.

45

Chap.

II.

hath been 0id, I cannot but hope that and Ignorant Out-cries againft the Lnte will Falfe 7hofe be laid afide, and deem'd (as indeed they arej Falfe. r will here Name (omeofTAc/^, Common Firft, That it is the Hardefi Instrument in the World. AfperfionS Secondly, That it will take up the Time of an AfprenticeJJjip to upon the Lutct play well upon It. Thirdly, That it makes Toung People grow awryFourthly, That it is a very Chargeable Injirument to keep ; (b that one had as good keep a Horje as a Ltite^ for Colli Fifthly, That it is a Womans Injlrttment. Sixthly, and Laftly, ("which is the moft Childijf] of all the reft)
after
all

NOw

this that

many

It is out

I will

ofFaJImn. here give a

JJjort

( but True ) Anjwer to each

it is

of

The[z

jijperjions.

HardeH InUrument^ &c. i (ilppofe my former Reafons may fufficiently convince any Reajonable Terfon of the contrary h However (in that Thii^\s the main Objelfion) I will fpend a little more labour againft it, than ag^ainft any of the Refi 5 And doubt not but (b clearly to ReSifie that Errour.^

And

as to the Firft, viz.. that

the

The

firft

Afperfion anfweredw

that whofoever will rightly conlider vt'hat I ftiall here write concerning it, will never more give Credit to that Flim-Flam-lgnorani

feying of the Fw/^^y. To which purpote

I will

make
be a

a Comparison betwixt the Lutt

vlaufible Injlrument

and the Viol.

The

Viol

is

confefs'd to

\,

and no The Lute is

proV'd as YA' fie, as is the

Jfrightment to any Ferfon to undertake it , and in a Jjort time they do much upon it. Now that the Lute muft needs be Co Eajie as the Viol^ examine them Both after This Right manner, by way of Comparijbn 5 not comparing the Mufick^oi the one with the Mu^c^oC the other, fot
that
is confefs'd by All in General:, that the LUTE tS THE RAREST AND MOST EXCELLENT PORTABLE INSTRUMENT IN THE WORLD, but barely as they are Injiruments,

Viol,byReafon.

and

performance upon either. Comparifon we muft confider, t^hat it is that makes Wht makes an Inftrumenc an InUriiment of Strings Hard or Eafie. of Strings The Anfwer to which muft be, The Number of Strings, and the hardoreafie. Craving, OT stopping o^ That Number. Well thenj The Viol hath fx Strings, which are all ufed in Grajping or The Compaas to the

And in fuch a

Stopping.

rifon

between

The Lute likewife hath but j^at Strings, which are ufed in Graf ping or Stopping 5 For although it have 1 2 Strings', all the other Ranks of Bajfes are not ufed at all in Stopping : But only ftruck 0pen with the Thumb, which ferve both to Amplifie the Harmony, as alfb very much to facilitate the Stops or Gra^s of thole other
fix Strings.

the Lute and the Viol.

Now

44
Now
if T^xf

The QiyifPan

or.

be True, (as I appeal to All the Experienc'd Men in our ^talitj, whether Thishe: vxotTruly declared 5 J How then mufl: it not needs be, but that the Lute is as Eajte as the Viol But to Thk I know it will be prefendy objefted, That Thoje BaJJes are very Hard to be Hit^ fo that the Lnte muft needs be Harder thereby. To which I anfwer, No. But on the contrary, the Lute-flay \s
.<?

made make

far more Eajie appear.

( '"

^^^

general fcope

thereby, as

I Ihall

Now

therefore that

you may perceive what an Eafte matter

it

to Hit thofe Jix BaJJes, ( which Thing in all my whole Progrefs o^ Teaching (Toung or Old) (eldom or never was above
is, (vtz,.")

An

apt

Com-

panfon.

One quarter of an Hours vporkj)^ And to make you underftand the Eajinefs of it, confider it thus, in a plain and homely Comparifon, viz. Suppofe you had Eixd before you upon a Table, px or feven B.anks of Strings, in that nature as Country-Veople (many of them) have at the end of Ibme Cupboards, faftned on with T<!ails at each end 5 And fo, lifted up a little from the Table or Cupboard with finall Stones or Sticks-, to caufe them to rile and found from,
the

Wood,
eajily, I fay,

could not any IngeMUOUf child ftrike Thofe (tx Firft as refembling the Bells, and then or feven Ranks lyith as little trouble ftrike them <?f of Order \mo Changes^ And fb prefendy be able (looking off) to do the fame ? I fay, He or She who could not do fuch a thing pritty perfeftly in left thati a quarter of an hour, either would have a very 111 opinion of Themfelves for Blockjjhnefs ot Ddtiflmefs, or had caufe enough
in Order
,

How

fb to have.

the Truth i, thole fix Rankj of the Lute Baffes T Which are never ftopt) have no other manner of ufe than thole upon the Country-? eoples Cupboards. Nay it (hall appear, they muft needs be Eafier to Hit certain.

Now

than fuch like of the Cupboard 5 becaufe the Country? eople do it without a Rule (and yet by Habit) vpell enough ; whereas we have an Infallible Rule by which we can fcarcely mifs, except on purwhich is, the fetting down of the Little Finger in a certain pofe place by the Bridge, fb that with opening the Hand by way of Span, we afcertain our felves (after a little ufe) with the Thumb to reach to what Bafs we plcafe, without the leaft impediment to any our other Performances. And now methinks 1 hear fbme fay, you will make the Lute too
i,

Eafie, if
Half the Per-

you go on in this manner*

truly I cannot
fo,
tell

Why,
It is

how

to fpeak otherwife than True :

and no otherwife 5 And which to do, is Half the ^tSiSmnd performance of the Right Hand 5 And the other Half, which is tq be performed with the Two fore-fingers, is (upon the matter) as The whole, Eafie,\^ not Eafier i So that there you have Half Lute-play already
even
let forth.

But

I fliall

begin

my

ffbr^out of Order j therefore I will break' ofT

The Lme made

Eafie.

^5

off T^ff Diffffiirfe^ and defire yom Patience till I come orderlj unto it ; And then if you will but give me the Attentive Readings as alfo laying what you read to your Reafon and C07?Ji'deration^ I do not doubt but I fhall be the occalion of mavy Good Lutemjls.
can any Pvational Several Afperthe World ? or that it Jhelif "'n '''' is not, as I have explain'd it to ht^fuU as Eafie as the Fiol SicT I wijlj I were to try it out with any man for a Confiderable Wa-

Now by what

has teen here declared,

how

man think

the Lute the Hardeft

InJlmmeKt in

.<?

ger^ to fee

what we cofdd bring

a'coitple

the Lute^
ter

and
I

the other upon the Viol

of Scholars tinto ( one upon in the Jpace hut ofo?te Quar-

of a

Tear.

But here

defire that
;

my (eerrting Challejfge

none will make a Bad ConfiruUion of rhis For I challenge None : neither will any, I

hope, take it as an Affront, for truly I mean no liich thing But 5 only for the Lut^s fake, I fay. If I rvere challengd in fuch a way^ to try if I would make Good what I have thus ftt down here concerning the Lute 5 I fJmdd very gladly imbr ace the challenge,

Hard InUrument. That the L/e will take up \h^rime of an Apprenticeflnp, before one can Play ivell w^on it, is a very Falfe Aj^erfion, and a manifeft Injury done both unto It, and to all the Loveis of It : As by ma. ny years Experience I can Juffife, and by eminent Performances upon that Injirument by divers very Worthy Perfons j Ce\eval Cuch at this prefent remaining in our Univerfity of Cambridge, who
have not been at It from their firft undertaking yet a full Year 5 and in one garter of a Tear could play extremely well, even to
Admiration. I fhall forbear here to Name Them, left I may (in fo doing without their confmt) give an occafion o^ Offence.

(aslfaid) for the Lutes fak^, and the Lovers thereof, that it fiould befecn I do affirm nothing, hut what I vponld mak Good by fuch an Adventure. Thus much againft the Firff Aj^erfion, viz. That the Lute is A
The fecond
Afperfion,and

l^^^""^^"^^

However in that This may be taken as an Excufe, and in that have undertaken to prove the Falfity of the Lutes Afferftom, I will take the liberty of naming 0e hrP^asafufficient^wVto
I
this purpofe,

I Affiled Him fineftjc?'" s His drift. But as to His Performance upon the lute, I do here moll: ^ Colemnly and really affirm, I have not taught him, nor fpent fo much time with him in the way of teaching, as in the whole (fince his firft beginning with it) will make up the quantity Day:, ( if I ftiould fay half a Day, I am affured I Lye not. ) _The Chief Advantage he has had towards it, has been the Perufal This was mtii of rhts my Work^fmce 1 made it i And at Chrifimafs laft was a '" *^ y<^ar '^'*" Twelve^'-month, viz,, 167 1. there was not one word of it writ; but fincc that time wholly Compos d thus as you fee.

ToungeftSon, (named John Mace ^) And lute and fuffi'i has very lately undertaken both the Lute and Fiol, ^'''^^' contrary to my T", expeftation or knowledge, till of late nor have
is

who

my

Amoftabfo

much

in either, fince

knew

oUm

This

4^

The

Ciyil 'Pa>'t

or.

This Toung Mdn (my Soti) has been indeed very Inquijitivs concerning the ^aturt of my Worh^^ and has fb far Divd into j/, as ( to (peak modeUly^ yet ^rw/y of him ) I believe he widerUands it

and has gain'd a Hand upon the Lute Co Notahlj, for \i\sJl}orttimeoC Inj^eHion^ that let whomlbever pleafe (to inform 7heffelves of the 2rf^ of what I have here writ) Call him out for My Witiiefs ^ who I hope (and doubt not but in ayZ<?r/ time^ will make as Able a Ma[ter-Teacher both upon the Lute and Fiol, as need to Vndertake Them. I muft hePardou'd forThff my Co Jiravge, and JeemiKg-BoaJii/fg rcay in His Commendations ^ yet I neither Boajl^ nor purpofely fpeak in His Commendations only for the Lutes^ and Truths Jal^^ (having, amongft many, none I may make fo bold with as I may with Him ) I do in this manner atteSi ( by This Proof J the extreme Falfity of This fecond Jjperfon upon It, viz. That One muji he an Apprenticejkip at It hefire they can Play well : which is Co ab(ofit^ckntly^
,

made to
The
thiri

folutely Falfe, Thatldofiill afirm, that an Ingenuous Child Play very vpell in one garter of a Tear.

may

he

Let thus much fuffice to C(fntradi&: Co Grofs a Mlfa^e. The third Aj^erfion upon the Lute is, That it caufeth Toung Folks
to grero awry.

/fperfion anrwercd.

my whole Time ijfet fteverh^ew Awry by That VndertakigYet do believe it is pojjtble, if (through their own Negligence^ and their Teachers Difregard, and Vnsk^lfulnefs ) they be fuffcr'd to PraBife in an III and wrong Polinre. So may they do by fevcral other Exercifes and Imfloyments, which is often feen. ( But let Them be firft fet Right to the Lnte^ according tofuch Dican only (ay, That in
one Terfcn, Toung or Old, that grew

To This I

rcBions as hereafter Ipall fet down, itjball be impojjible for any Per-

fon to grow Awry by Lute-playThis Ajj)erJion I doubt not but will appear Falje, like All the Refi, when you fliall ( with your Reafon J conjider of the Exa&nefs
fourth Afperfiou aufwered.

The

of my Rules and OrderThat one had ai good k^ep a Horfe

Fourth OhjeUion. This likewifc
is

(^fir Cofi") as

A Lute,

is

the

have dif^rovd it all my Life long ^ and which All my Scholars will afirm, if need were ; of whom I never took more than fivejliillinzs the garter to maintain each Lute rvith Strings 3 only for xhefrii Stringing I ever took,
Co Grofs

an Errour, that

ten Jliillings.

The

fifth

Afpcrfion snfwcred.

maintain two or three Horfis, and Men to Ride upon them too, if they plea(e. But 20 s. per Ann* is an Ordinary Charge ; and much more they need not fiend, to praftife very hard. The Fifth Afperfion is, That it is a Womans InUrument. If This v/ertTrue, I cannot underftand why It (hould fufFer any Difiaragement for That , but rather that // (hould have the more
as

do confefs Thofe who rious, may (pend as much

I

will

be Prodigal, and Extraordinary

Cw

may

Reputation and Honour.

The Lute made Rape,

t-_
^

^7 ___

fuppofe I need not make any Arg%inimts to prove That. But according to iheh Sence of Aj^crfiofi^ I deny it to be a Wotna.ns Inlimment lb, as by That means it ftiall become Ufs jt for*
I

of a. Man. if" by That Saying They would infinuate. That it is a Weak^^ Feeble, Soft Inflmment, as to the (bund ^ what can that lignilie whereby to make it a Wonians Infimment more thin a- Mans ^ But whereas firft they fay, It is the Hardefi InUrmnent in theWorld 5 That (hews They Contradi^ Themfelvcs in This particular 5 and conclude by That Saying, If cannot (b properly be called a Womans Inflrnment, in regard They are the Weaker Vejfels 5 and therefore not fo Fit to fet upon and attempt the Majiery of Things
the Vfe

For

offuch Difficulty.

Therefore if jftill They will needs put it upon the Woman, ^ (ay, the more fjamefor Them 5 And fo much for That. Now Lafl;ly,whereas They mofi sillily fay, It is mt ofFaffjion, The

Cxth

Man to m^'^^1 Refute the Vfe of the moB Excellent Thing in Its kind 5 and especially, Bcc4/e it is outofFafiion/ which, although it be Thf^ A^ers'd, (as I have here mentioned J by the Ignorant and Ineonjf derate, yet notwithftanding It has This General Applaufe
I fay, the Greater Pity,

and

ftill

the Greaterf)ame for a

and

Praife^

viz.

THAT

IT

IS

THE BEST MUSICK

who
are

IN

WORLD.
This
is

THE

acknowledg'd by All

men o^ Knowledge and

Experience mthe 5 ^ and if together with T/?>7x fo High^ fo True, fo Deferved and moft Vncontronlable Commend^'
Art, (unprejudiced
tfonr, it (hall alfi

appear ( hjThis

my Faithfiill and Well-intended

WorlO

Eajie, yea Very-very Bajie 5 there is no doubt but It will come into Fajhian again with All wife Fol^s. Thus having (I hope) to full (atisfaftion explained the Matter^ I doubt not but the Lute henceforward will be mor^ look'd aftei^ .iv. \ and efteemed than of late years it has been. draw nearer to The Worl^ iP felf arid fifbVide niy I will now Scholar with a Fit and Goad InUrnment,

'.

CHAI^

48

The Qyil "Pan ;

or,

Chap.
Firfi

III.

provide
'

f)z^dLute.

A common
Learner!"

firft thing to be thought upon before you begin to Lear, muft be to get a Good Litte, and of a F// S7ze for your Hand ; In reference to which I (hall give this Advice, by Theje DireUiens following. It is very ufiial with many, at the firft to make Jliift with al-

fM

'^He

^^^

^"I

If^pf^f^ent for a Try^/, Cas they fay J

I

be

it

never fo Bad

ox Vnfii.

Now
proved.

muft affure Them,

who do
;

fo,

WroMg , and to

tbeir great prejudice

as

do themfelves mnch by Experience I have

^
aiXhufc a* good Lute.

Luces thebrfi

A true Story] of a Lute.

For I have known (bme Yomg Verfons fo Difiouraged, under the Sence and Inconvenience of a Bad and lU-contrivd Infirument, that in fhort time they have grown Out of Love with their Undertaking-, and have indeed been fo quite Difcouraged Thereby, that they have wholly left it off, and never Return d again 5 whereas others on the contrary, who have had Apt and Good InVtruments, have come on exceeding Delightfully to Themfelves, their Teachers^ and Others. I {hall therefore advife All Learners, At Firft to provide thern with Good Infiruments'-i and then they will proceed chearfuUy. "^ov^ to know a Good Infirnment, is fomething Hard for a Toung Scholar 5 therefore he muft take the Advice of fome Friend who hath Skill. Yet for his better Information, I ftiall give him fome General Hints and Signs how he fhall kpove a Good one. Firft, know that an Old Lute is better than a Here one : Then, The Venice Lutes are commonly Good-^ which you ftiall know by the writing within, right againft the Knot, with the Authors Name. There are diverfities o^ Mens Names in Lutes'^ but the Chief ^^f^e we moft efteem, is Laux Mailer, ever written with Text Letters : Two of which Lutes I have (een fpittifuU Old, Batter dy Craci^d Things) valued at 100/. apiece. Mr. Gootiere, the Famous Lutenift in His Time, fhew'd me One of Thei, which the King paid 100 /. for. And Mr. Edw. Jones (one o^ Mr. Gootiere's Scholars') had the other, which He Jo valued j And made a Bargain with a yl/erf ^<a^, who defired to have It with him in His Travels, ( for his Experience , ^ And if He lil(d It when he returned, was to give Mr. Jones 100 /. for It ; But if he Refus'd it at the Price fet, he was to return the Lute fafe, and to pay 20 I. for His Experience andVfc
ffit, for that Journey.

have often (een Lutes of ?^ree or four pounds price, jQy jK^firg Jllujirious and Taking, to a common Eye. Therefore I (ay, it is a Difficult Thing for an unexperienc'd ?er*^
I

fon to

C/)/e

The

a G<?f?i^ La/e. next thing to be obferved

is,

the shape of the Lute*

Th<5

1 he
do acknowledge
n(if7g.

l^Hte made Eafie,

)

49
Thebcftfhape
of Lute.

The shape generally efteemed, is the Pearl-Mould yet I have known very excellent GoodOnes o^ fiver al shapes or Moulds : But
i

for confl:ancy,the Pearl-Mould

k Bejl^

both for

Soiind^zxid. Comlinefs, as al(b for

the

more conveniency

in holdif?g

or

Then again obferve the Ntmbcr of Ribbs. The Compleat Number Cmoft efteemed J
are very Good Ones of (everal Numbers. Next, what PFood is Beji for the K/bbs.

is

Nie

yet there How many

^^^^^ ^^^'

<..

The Jzr-wood \sMo\ine\y the Beji.

Our Efigl/J/} Maple. are very Good Lutes oF (everal Woods But there
that.

'

ll^^'"^'"""^

And next to

--^

ziPlum-Trec,

Pear-tree^Tetv^ Rofemary-Air^ Ajl)^Ebotiy^

lali

and

Ivory^ Sec.

The two
are
^Jl^' C'o"f

("though moft

Cofily^

and r^^z/^g to a
;

common Eye J

the vporU.

the DarhcbUckcreddiJl)'Colour 5 though I believe it contributes nothing at all to the fiund--i only the Beii Authors did ule to lay on That Colour^ efpeis

Next, obferve the Colour

which

cially

Laux Mailer. Thus much for the Choice of your tntes by the Back^Jides. Then for the Bellies^ make choice of the finejl-graind Wood you can, free from Knots or OhfiruUions^ which you may eaiily

The

choice of

liuc^"^^*

perceive to hinder the Grain of the Belly for Running fmooth to your Eye^ as it were by fmall Strings or Threads of Wood from
the Bridge upward, &c.
is c?aird Ctdlin-cliff-^ and is no other than the and the choiceft part oiThat Firr. fineft fort of Fz>t, but none like the I have feen fome of Cyprus very Good,

The

Beji

Wood

Cdlin-cliff'.

The Knot
ly cut.
,

or Rofe in the Lute Belly, would be

little,

and fmooth-

The Knot
^''^^'

or

be any Cracky in Back^ or Belly, let not them trouble ,^ you, except They be Crojs-wayes , Thofe are to be difli}{ed : But if Long-vpayes with the Grain of the Wood, it makes no great matter, ib as tliey be neatly and well glewed together again. And before you part from the Belly, try whether the Barrs The Barrs. ( which are within, to ftrengthen and keep It ftraite and tite be allfafi--) which you may do, by gently knocking the Belly all along, round about, and then in the midft, with one oF your Kmickels and if any thing be either loofi in It, or about It, 5 ou may cafily perceive J/, by a litde Fuzzing ovHizzing--^ but if all be found, you (liall hear nothing but a Tight-plump and Trvan^
If there
,

^-

ing-kp0cl{.

Then laftly about the Belly, fee that the Bridge be clofe. Trimly The Bridge, and firmly Glerv'd to the Belly, without any the leaft fign oi part- ^"'^ '" ^^^' ^''"' ing : For if it begin never fb little to part, you fhall be fure (the
next moi^ fcafon, if you leave it abroad, etpecially in a damp rooni) to have It come off, and fo endanger the Belly, in bringing fome part of It along with it^ which is a common decay in many a

^.

Good

LntC'

After

The

C'^'^ 'Part

or.
your Eye

After you have thus (urvey'd the up towards the Isieck^and. Heads ^
The length
and
thickiiefs

Eackj^ndi. Belly^ caft

of the Neck.

And in the iVec^ observe the Length thereof, which you fhall know to be Good or Bad^ according to the Number of Frets It carries
:

If

it

too long :
fiz^'d 'Neck-

carry le(s then N/^e, it is toojlm-t ; and if more^ it is Therefore N/e is efteemed the, BeU Nit^^iber of a Trne-

Yet I had rather have a Neck^ too long^ than tooJJiort For if it be too lovg^ fin which ^\:q two Inconveniences^ viz. the one wiJl caufe Strings to breaks too faft, the other makes the diJiances of the Frets too wide ) I can cut that Nec/{^JI.)orter, without any Inconvenience at all to the InUniment But if it be tooJJwrt^ there is no Handfime Remedy but to have a IsSevc Nec^. Again, the Necl^ would not be over ihick^ox Gouty^ to cau(e too great an Extention in the opening of the Hand^ in the Grafp or Vfe of It:, which will be itnpleaftnt to the FraSfitioner. About an Inch Thick, at tht Jj'rfi Fret^ is a good (cantling for an
-,

ordinary fiz^d Lute , and (b increasing in Thickness almoft infenfibly down to the /rfi? Fre^ But for my own part, I did not care how 7hin it were, provi-

ded
it

it

were

Cojlrong, as

(by

the fi:rength of the Strings pulling)

The

Finger-

board to lye

Round,

did not come forwards^ by which means many a Lute is cau(ed to Lye too Courfe. The Finger-board is the next thing to be minded which would be made of Hard Woody of which Ebony is both HaadfomeU and
>

the BeB. See that

if

be not Joynted or Tieced upon the very Edges, which from running fmoothly-y when you have occafion to put them o-n^ or
it

they be, ( as fometimes they arc ) will hinder the Frets

tnove them.

Again, obferve how It lyes, whether Flat, or a little Round under the Frets, from the Treble to the 5//^. or 6th. Strings. If it l)'e Flat, it lyes Not jvel/--, which was the General Fault of the Old Work:^en a hundred years ago, and fince; till of later Times we find that a Round-laid Finger-board, is a Great Advantage to the
eaji'e /topping of.

^ ^

The two
Heads.

The next things you Turned ^^c^o "^hich muft carry i6 Strings, (accounting tht Treble Peg double J and the Vpright Head mult carry 8 ; all which make
a 2^-Strung-Lute.

a String,, elpecially \nCrofs-flops. are to view are the Two Heads, the one

neat Thofe Heads are wrought, the more CommendaYet they adde nothing to the Sound, but it is the Back^ and ble 5 and we ufe to (ay, the Belly, which Trincipally give the Sound

The more

Belly is the chief producer thereof.

The Pegs
ble

the

greatefl trou-

about an Inftrument.

Then look well unto xh^Fegs, that They be Truly Fitted^ for if They be not, you will find more Trouble by reafon of Them, than by
any
about the Lute. The firft thing you muft oblerve is, whether They be exaUly fitted at both ends , that is, that they Bite equally fiif zx. both Holes j for if they be flack^sx one Hole^ and /i/'at the other, they
other Thing

will

Ihe Lute made E^fie.

be fli^fmg^ and fo the Huner lofeth much Labour Time. Arid you mnft know, that from the Badnep of the Pegs^OiniQ feveral Inconveniences The fiift I have named, vi'z,. the Lnfs ofLabour. The 2d. is, the Lop of Time For I have known fbme fb extreme long in Tuning their Lutes and Violsy by reafon onlj of Bad
will conftantiy
k)icl
'-^ --y

51

7 Inconveri' ences attending chein.

Pcgs^ that They

to Plajf.

have wearied out their Auditors

is,

before thej

began

A
iie^t

5d. Inconvenience

that oftentimes, if a High-firetch'd fmaU

it is

String happen to Jlip down^

in great

winding
4th.

up^ e(pecially in vpe'tmoiii

danger to breal^at the weather^ and that// have

been long jlacl^.

when a String hath oeen ///>/ 7/.ic'4, it will not fiand in Tune, under many Amendments ; for it is continually injiretching it felf till it come to Its higheU jlretch.

The

is,

that

of a Confort. All the Company muft leave off-, becau(e of fome Eminent String flipping. A 6th. is, that fometimes ye (hall have fiich a Rap upon the Knuc^els, by a JI)arp-ed^'d Pe^, and a Jiiffjirong S,ring, that the very sl(in will be /d4e ^'^ And ythly. It is oftentimes an occafion of the ThruSiing offthe Treble-? eg-Nut., arid fbmetime of the Vpper long Head i And I have (een the J^eck^o an Old Viol., thruH off into two pieces, hyte&Conof the Badnefs ofthePe^r, meerly with the ^ger adha[iji ChoUer o^ tiim that has heenTuning. Now I (ay that Thefe are very Great Inconveniences^ and do adde much to the Trouble and Hardnefi of the InUrument. I (hall therefore inform you how ye may Help All Thefe with
5th.
is,

that in the midft

iEaje--)

viz.

Thus-

When you
bifeafe., affure

perceive any Teg to be troubled with the flippery

your (elf he will never grow better of Himfelf Without (bme of Tipw^jre 5 therefore take H/;?/ <?/j and examine
the
C4///e.

Three Caufts FotihereareThreeCauJesof a Pegs flipping j of a Pegs flipThe Owe is, the not equal Fitting or B/V//!'^ at f/je Holes ping. therefore you mufl: ob(erve at which Hole it bites leafi:^ for if it The firft bite bard at the vpide Hole, which is the thicke(t part of your Peg, Caufe. and/.jc^^t the other, then your String will conftantly//p down^ (b foon as the Peg or Hole is worn fmooth. But if it ^;/e at the fm all end, and flacl(_ at the^re^^, it will not (b often Jlip, but many times caule your Peg to twi^

WA

--^

W^

in pieces.

Now

the

fmaller at

Remedy for all this, is only to fcrape the Peg a little theend which is tooThick^, (b long, till upon Try^/ you

find that // bite at both ends a-lik.

Another cau(e of a Pegs flipping is, when both ends arc equal, The fecoaS Caufe. yet both the Peg and the Holes are worn fmooth, ( being made of foft Wood , ) wherefore (b near as you can have all your Pegs of Hard Wood^ (and without Sap") as of Plum-Tree.^ Box, or Ebony, &c.

The

52.

The Qhil '^an

The Remedy
both ends a
for This hiconvevhnce^
is

or.

only to fcrape the Peg at

The

third

^^"^^

and then ml? it at the two biting places with a piece oichalk^^ and then It will jiick^faji. A third and very Common Canfe^ is from the putting 'on of the Strings which although the Tegs be never fo well Fitted and Good-^ yet if the ^^r/_g be put on (b, that in the twifting iibout the Peg at
Httle,

either end, the string lye too near the Cheeky of the Tin-holes^ hinders the Veg from biting.

it

have often (een fome Fumblers^ Tret and Vex Themfehes hour or more, to falien fuch a Peg, and when 'twas by Jlip again And Co Ignorant have Thej/ been of done, by and the C4/e, that they have not (b much as tr/d to fee if it might be mended f but Cfj out y Oh here's a bafe Peg^ or fomething
I

And

a quarter of an

>

like

it.

the Remedy for This is the Eajteji of all^ and lies only .in the Care of the Putter on of the.S'^rz^, to fee that it lye wholly
clear from both the Jides.

Now
And

take This Rule along with you, never to twiji too much

String upon the Peg.

The oommoh

This fault of the Putter on\s very often the Definition of a Good f gSSr^n? stringy than which, a man had better fometimes loje a shilling : For the Trebles , and Seconds^ ( which are the moft Chargeable
moll:

and Breaking Strings^ come where you will, you (hall C\ndThem commonly clofe and hard wound up to the Cheeky of the Pegholes^ by which means the String is lb pinch' d and f^ueez'd, that it is not Long-livd after ; And then they Cry out. Oh thefe are bafe rotten Strings, &c. I have infifted the longer upoll Thefe Inconveniences of the Pegs,
becaufe I know they are fo generally Common : And indeed if regarded, they will contribute much eafe and pleafure to All^ but
efpecially to Learners.
I have now run through all the particular parts of the Out-(ide of the Lute.^ excepting the Five Nutts^ which the Strings lye upo?z ; And on purpole I have let them alone till Now in-the lafl place, beCaufe they fb neceflarily relate to the Stringing of the Ltite, which is the next thing to be done. And as to Thofe Nutts, there is not much to be faid concerning q-Jjem ; yet fomuch, as cannot be left unfiid without a Great De-

The

oraering

of the Five
Nucts.

feB to the

Bufinefs.

they are mofl: generally made o^ Ivory, (which is require a Curious Care in the accurate Laying, and Notching oi^Them, according to the t\^\tDifiances between Ranks and Ra*?^/, Pairs and Pairs ; A Rule for which take Thm^ Firft you muft lay your Long Nutt (which muft carry feven Ranks of Strings, befides the Treble String') in a Notch cut out of the Plate of the Finger-board, fit for Its proportion, andlb neatly^ that the Top of the Neck, of the Lute, and the Top of the Nutt, may joyn equaUy-even in all that fame length, to the end that the Strings which muft be twifted upon the Pegs, may lye fmooth upon that part of the Flatnefs of the Neck,^ immediately y^^jw/wg to the Nutt ,
Firft then,

BeU ) and do

which

The Lute made

which
will (ecure the Strings
'Nutt.

Eafie.
..:.....,
'

55
;'

from being Cut with the JJufpneJ} of

the Edge of the

Truly Layd^ you miift cafl; 'F6(f itie ^nte Lo-y ing and Dividing the Ranks of the Strings. To the doing of which, you muft firft of all take a "treble Stringy The beft way and fajien it in the frji Hole of the Br/^/^e, ( which is for the Tref^^^^^^ '^p "ingstru j. ble String'^') then bring /i6^jf String up to the Treble Witt or Pe^,
It in your Le/^ hand in fuch a place, as It may /^'g within a ///^/e /<?/} than a quarter of an Inch of the out4// along j7<s?e of the Finger-board j and when it (b lyes^ take a iC//e and

Then after it is thus

and there hold

<^

make a little

intprejjlon upon the Nutt, }ufk under the Strings which ferve for your Mar^,, and mufl: afterwards be Fz7e<^ /(7ip <rfee/> ]fti#: etiough for the string to /ye 77/ But let that alone till you have
.

firft

marked the Pla/.es^ for all the Strings to lye in 5 which may be done with a fencill^ or a Ten and Ink: After your Tre/'/e ISIotch is thus marked^ then put on your e/g^^yS ^/r-iw^ (next) upon the Bridge, and draw it up to the other end of the Nfitt, as you did the Treble, and lb make Its mark: Thus then having the Two Extremes of your Nutt, it will be eafie

to mark, ^^^ *^^ T laces for all the refi profortionably. Yet obferving , that the Fairs of the 7ds, ^ds, ^ths, and <^ths; -t would be a very little clofer together, than thofe of the 6ths, "Jths^ and 8Mj. The reafbn I give is, becaufe they are always in the' nCeo^Jiopping, and fo may the more eajily he Jiopp'd cloje^ clean, and jre, than if they lay ra^iis^er. But here you muft Note of what Length the Nutt fhould be. The Length of the Nutt of a FuU-jizd Confort Lute, fit for a Mans Of what letigth Hand, or a IVomans, would he jiift Trvo Inches, quarter and half ^^^eLongNutt ^^^^ ^' quarter long j and in a Nutt of 7'^' proportion, you will have full fcope and freedom to lay your Strings 0 conveniently reide^ that they ftiall all j^eak. Clear, aiid yoMV flopping will be very Roomey^ and Large y which is a mighty matter for Clear and Good Play : Yet too much Room is an Inconvenience, But upon Little-Jiz,'d~Lutes,oi: children, or the like, the Na/Zi mxxOihe jfI}orter, according to Diferetion and Proportion. Thus when you have Marked, and Ranked all your -y^rz^gx, and
'

that

you fee the biliances pleafe you jveiJ?', then take offyowr Nutt, and with a ^e Jmooth File, cut the Notches to a convenient <;/e/)^^, fo that all your Strings may lye at an even and equal height, from the Finger-board, which Would be about the thicknefs of a HalfCrown, or a little more 5 and will be a convenient He/g/i^ to let the Strings have fcope enough to whirle about with clearnefs of Sound, and not to touch the Firfi Fret. There is one thing more concerning the shape of the Nutt, very Note a great confiderable, for eafie and tieat Performance in Lute-play , viz. that Convemency C^re be taken to File the N thinner a little towards the ^ds, 2ds, p/^y^y the and Treble, than it is in the farther part : The player will find much ^W of the Nm. advantage in his P/^j/ by this very Obfervation. Then, when your Long Nutt is thus far inOrder, you muft take Jf and Pollif} It very well, (but eipecially the Notches -y) the Which
^

54
How to Pollifh which to
the Nucts.

The Qyil
do
is

Tan

or.

Thus

viz. take a piece

little

fcrap'd Chalky reet in Spittle^

of Nero Neats- Leather, and which with good Faivs muft

ThcRcafon of
the nectflity

of knowing
thcfc Things.

be Rubb'd fo long, till you be affiir'd that the Notches at the Bottom be very Smooth and Glib, (b that the String in the winding up may have no Impedimet7t either in Gaulipg, or in Sticking fajl in the Nittt, which are very Common Inconveniences, to the Lop of tnany a Good String. Clear it with a Dry Linen CloatL This being done, you may proceed to the Stringing yottr Lnte, which muft have a Vectdiar DireEtion. Let your Four little Nittts alone, till you have Strung fo far. All Theje Things which I have let down, (although I fay i^\x muft do Thus, and So) are not properly a lVork.i^ov Ton to do, (except you will be Ingenuous and Mechanical ) but for the /jirument-Maker And when ever you Buy a Lute, it ought to be Thus fitted : Yet becaufe I know that fometimes Work:men are Carelefs, and (ufFer Injirttments to go out of their hands Defefivc in many fuch reipefts; and alfo that I would have you able to 'judge of ihefejo necejfary Concernments, Therefore I have Thus given you Information, that thereby Tou may have any thing amended^ before it comes out of their Hands. As alfb, that many times you living in the Country, far from tVffrk^meny may either Tour felf be able to mend any fuch Fault, or give DireEfions to fome Ingenuous Country Work^man to affili
-,

Tou Therein.

Chap.

IV.

Concerning the Mechanical Order of the

LUTE.
me
in

very needful! Thing , which whofoever lives far from Work:men, and keeps a Lute, cannot be without the knowledge

ANd now On

I talk

of living

in the Country, it puts

mind of

A Lute Belly often in need to be taken

ojf.

without extraordinary Inconvenience s which is. Hove to takg a Lute Belly, and fet it on again Compleatly, and is a Great Curiooff ^ty to perform vpell and neatly. And you muft know , that once in a Tear or two , if you
of,

have not very Good

tal{en off!

luc^,,

you

will

be conftrained to have

//

fix

Becaufe the Belly being fb very Thin, and only fupported with or Cevenjmall weak. Barrs^ and by the conftant ji retch of the
a Great flrength ) the Belly will commonly Sin^ the Firfl Barr next above the Bridge, but fometimes upon

Strings, (

which

is

upon
any

and fb caufe It to let go Its hold at the ends of the Barr^ your Lute will farr, and Grovp unpleafant. and then And if it be not timely amended, worle Inconveniences will follow, which may endanger the foiling of the Belly. Therefore
other,

The Lute made

Eafie.

5"^

Therefore when ever zBarr is loofc^\ct it be quickly ametided^ or prelently (et your Lute down to a Lower P/tch, or itntmji your Strings^ and Lay it hy^ till you can get/^ mended. Now therefore that you may know how to Uel^ yottr fclf, by your felfi or by your own Dire&ions to any Country IVorl^^man.^ as need thai! be I v^iWjJjcvp you and give yowTi Reafon vyhy. For I have known a Lute fint 50 or 60 miles to he mended of a. very (ffiall mijchance^ (" fcarce ivorth 12 d. for the mending ) which Lejides the Trouble^ and coji of Carriage.) has been Broke all to pieces in the Return : So, farewell Lute^ and all the CoJi. This Thing therefore which I am about hereto fet down, is of fuch abfolute Neccjfity^ that 'tis fit for all Perjons who k<^p Lutes^ to be acquainted ivith 7t.
-,

f,

^;^,"fpl a Lutfc
far to be ^^'^^^^'

The way unto

Fuft,

it is T^/(!^

be provided of fome certain little neceffary Injlru>ne??ts or Tools., fit for fuch an Vndertaking. The firft may be a Glew-Pot., of about a Pinfj made of Lead.
mufl:

you

^"^o bHiad
always
^^'fci
2.

in rea-

2dly.

Have ever

in readinels

Clew, together with Izing-glafs, the BeJi Glew. ) 3dly. Let your Smith make you a Four-fquare Iron.^ about the length of your Middle Finger., and about three quarters of an Inch fquare, Filed flat and f^ooth at One end, and at the other let there be a longShunk^ (muchhke to a Steel-flick^, but Thicker") with a Jtjarp end to run into fome Handle of Wood, to hold it by 5 but if you had two of Thefe, the other about a quarter fothickj, it were
better ^OY

fbme of the Cleareji and Beji made (both which mixt together make

ciew and'

izing-giafs.

i-

An iron,

Come fmall

ujes.

have a Curiyuf JJ^rp Chizzel, about an Inch A-Adizzel, broad but if you had two or three, you would find convcniency by them, fome broader and narrower.
4thly.
--i

You

mufl:

IVor king-Knife fuch, are mofl: commonly made Brok^n-Good-Blades : One of them faflned into a pritty out about two or Thick, ii^ft oClVood or Bone, leaving the three Inches, and then Grind it down upont \\eBack_ to a very
5thly.
f,

A little

y,

Knife,

of pieces

o'i

We

fiarp Point, and let to a Good Edge, it will forve you for niariy Goodvfet, e\X.\\Qv'mCutting,Carving,makSng Pens,Si.c. which is
called a IVor king-Knife.

The 6th. is, a little Three-fquare File, which mull: forve to make Notches in the Nutts, or Ruff and fit the Pegs, as need fhall require.
The 7th. and lafl: is an Aul, a pr'ntyjirong and Jlraight one, which you will find a neceflary u(e of Thefe feven Implements will take up no great matter O^Room in the Corner of any Gentkmans Study, being all put up in one little Box, fo that at any time they may be in readinefs, and not
to feek:
I

6.

File,

7.

An

Aui.

would have added unto them

5

Gritt

for your Chizzel

And

a Whetjlone, of a fine and fmart and Knife mufl: always be kept veryf/jarp. being Thm Accommodated, you may (when occafion is) fall
viz.

toworkonT/wj!<?wr3

^
Firfl:,

*^6
Preparations
king'off the
Belly.

The Qyil
Fiift, uffttfili

"Part

or.

offTheLace^

you may have Ljwhich when you have done. ^^^^^ ^ ^^^^ *^^ fi'^'" *^^ Bridge ^ draw thofe ofthefirfl Head all together through your Haf2d^ and twift them about that Head and Pegs : Then take the other four Ranki ofBaJfes^ and do the like with them, amongft the Pegs of the Long Head. This being done, your strings will be fafe, and well out of your way, and ready to find their Places in the putting on again. If any of your Nutts faU off^ you muft be carefull they be not LoU. Proceed next to the tah^ng off the Lace, and if it be a Parchment, you may be the holder with it, and never fear the Jpoi ling it^ for you muft have a New one put on. But if it be Silh^ or Silver, and that it (hall Jerz again, take
your
Strings, only Jo much^ as

This Courje with

Firft,

it

how to take
off the Belly.

fet it clofe by you upon a 7ahle, water ) anoint ( as it were, or bedabble ^ the Lace all over, about half a quarter of an hour together 5 and then warm all your Lace over with your Iron, being red hot, drawing your Hand flovely and clofcly,from place to place, till you think the Lace is hot quite through, ( but take heed oi Burning ) and when you have lb done, you may take the Lace at one end, and draw it off, (b eafily as if If had never been Glewed,W\thout the leaft damage to yOuri^^e at all. This being done. Attempt the Belly after the fume manner, but ^^^ ^yjj|^ ^^^^ Caution : And as you ufed the Lace with your wet rag, fo ufe the Edge of the Belly all over where the Lace was, ( but with more Time, at leaft a quarter of an hour ) and cjpccial/y That upper moji fat-narrowe^-part of the Belly next the loteesi Fret , ( at leaft an Inch and a half) for that part lyes Viewed upon Co much of the Finger- board, ^nd will ^sk good Suppleing with Water and Heat, before it will yield. Thus when you have well Suppled It, take your Red hot Iron., and heat it very well all over, till you think the Gkw within is

have a

Dijli

of Water, and

and with a Linen

rag,

(wet

in the

diffolved.

Note.

and begin to try to get 5 at which place take notice that the Belly lies upon a Flat, about a quarter of an Inch, the whole fjuare of the Bottom-, (b that )ou muft put iri your Knife accordingly. And if you have Wetted, and Heated enough, } our Knife fnall find an eajie Entrance:, which if you find not. Wet and Heat that part ftill again where you are at work, till you perceive it will willingly yield to the gentle farce of your Hand and Knife : So v.'hen that Flat bottom is opened-, Wet and Warm again a little further upwards (an Inch or two) well, and then put in your Knife again, and when you feel a Barr, then get your Knife under that ^rr, and (b gently force it, till you perceive It loofe. And (b fromr^rr to The which place Barr., till you come to the Top- broad-fat- place again Wet and H%?f very well and thorowlj, and then you muft

Then take your

Little Working-Knife,

it betreeen

the Belly

and

the Buck^, at the Bottom firji

:,

taking

1 he Lute made Eape.

taking the bottom of the Belly Cwhich is ]po(eJ in one hand, and the 'Neck^o^the. Lute in the other, you will find (with a little forcing) that it will come ojf very readily-) but if need be, you may take a^w^ij/ Mcat-li^jfe^ and getting it underneath within, help it to part by degrees.

^j

And now your

again
as well as
,1

Lute

,,

qtdte undone^ '

you muft get '

;

it

mended

~^y ^'"^ "'

done.

you

can.

A Careftdl Mejfenger to
jBox^ arid

Lod,on will do, very well

a convenient

an Eajie-going Horfi, or a Coach^ will be very needfull j 'tis in a wofull Pickle 5 a man would icarcely think it would for ever come to good again Well, fear it not. And now becaufe I have been an occajion why 'tis brought to
:

>

Good Inllritment (hould be e?/and HazardofAr Journey^ I will diredl you danger d how you (hall Mend it^ and put it together again., without the leafi prejudice^^ind to vcvy Good advantage. Therefore begin where you left off, that is, with the Bc//y^ and before you lay it b)', take your Hot Iron., ( wz, not red hot^ but only fo hot as it may lye upon the 5c//;/ and not difcolour or fcorch it-,) I fay, take (uch an Iron., and laying that end of the BeUy ( which you laft toohj)ff) upon a 7able., with the Infide ojttwardsy and holding it at the bottom with one hand, and the Iron in-riie other, and all to be-heat It., by which means you Vi\\\ Jiraighten fagain after that bending., which was caus'd by the taking off-^, (for Heat ^yill fct any thing jiraight, or awry. ) And in that manner may you likewifeftraighten any part of a tel/y., which oftentimes will be rifen ox fiveU'd to an unevennefs. This being done, lay your Iron away., and begin to view the "^^ '^"'^ Belly all over on the in fide., and find out what Barrs are loofc, and a Belly! what Cracks there are,'which by your Eye (oftentimes) you will hardly fnd, efpecially in the Knot : Therefore to make Jllfire, take the Belly in one hand, and with the other^ Knocks it gently all over with your Kmickje upon the outfide., by which means you may dilcover the leaft Crach^ox: Loofenefs of any Barr., by theflmitcring or Fuzzing it will make, ( if you be not Deaf ) Then, when you have found out what Fatdts you can. The wor^ js half done-., Therefore to Workj) and firjl mend all the Cracks., Howtoniend a Crack. before you meddle with fajining any Barr which to do well and neatly., you miifl: firO: cleanfe all the Belly within., from any Old Glew., or flich Patches as may hinder, (if any (uch be) which (with a
alfo that
'tis

Thk pafs, and

pitty a

in fuch a Long

fcorching hot Irov) will prcfently come

off.'

Then with your broad ckiz.zcl

(crape

and make

all clean.

upon the

only taking a little Thin Glew of a Thin-cut-Jiic\ or Chip., ("for you need no Brujh, as Joyners do ) which you may with the affiftance of your Finger^ (opening the Joynt 01 Cracl^^-wiih a Jmill force ) let in, and rub a little clew, only enough to wet every part of the Cracky'., which when you have done, then take your Hot Iron^ and hold it lb cbfe., as may thoro wly heat both the Glew and the Belly., which will caufe ' the Glew to incorporate^ and take faji hold of the Wood.
it is

And for the mending a Cracky.,

tip

Then

5^
cloje

The Q^il ^^^t

or,
the
'joyf7t

Then laying the Belly flat upon {bmcfmooth place^ Vrefs

Note how hot

the Iron muft

No

lining of

orNcceliity!'

and even with your Fingers, and then lay all along upon the Cruc/^a. little pp of Paper, about a quarter of an Inch broad, or lefs, wet with Glevp veiy thinly, and with your hot Iron fafien on the Taper, which will immediately caufe that Crac\ to be as Firm as any part of the BellyAnd here you mull: note, that your Iron muft be Jb hot, as to y^^,.^,^ ^hg F^i^jer, and the out-edges of the Glerv only, and of at all to fcorch the Belly:, for by that little y?(7rc/67v^ the Cracl^h more quickjy and jirongly mended : Thus much for mending a Cracky either in 5c4 or Be//;/, &c. Only N<?^e, that if you find the Belly or Back^ in any fiach part to be Infirm or rceak^, with Worm-holes or the like, you may either let (uch P/2/?er remain on fill, or adde a larger r^/)er or Varchment^ as you fee caufe, cither upon That, or inftead of 7/ / Yet I do not allow oitoo much Lining, either in Bachjit Belly, the which do Clog ^n h?flrument, and dull the Sound olt 5 But upon Necejfity (mfome
muji be done. further as to the General ufe o^Glerv, whenfoever you have occafion to Vje it, be (lire to cleanfe away all the Old Glerv that Nerv Glew will not take any fafl fi'rfh very well ; becaufe
cajes^
it

Note

hold

upon Old , and

that muft be

done by a Scorching
fall

Iron^ as

ajprefaid.
nien^ng?

^h\x% having

mended
,

all

the Cracks,

to

work upon

thofe

Barrs you

which moft commonly be at the Ends about an hich or two, and are likevvife easily mended, firft by heating and cleanfing off' the Old Clew, and then, with your thin then ClcTv-jlickc> put a' little Glevp between the Belly and Barr laying your Bel/y npon a fmooth Table, heat again the B^rr and ^e//;' with your iron as it lyes, and fb hold it <5?<?2j? clofe to the T^/i/e till it be cold , which will be in lefs than half a quarter of an hour. But becaufe you may (if you will) be eafedofCo much trouble of Holding, it will be convenient that you have in readinefi two
find Loofe
,

or three pair of little _/?7/j- ofTrenchers, fuch as Boys make for Snapabout an Inch broad, and 4, 5, or 6 Inches long. '' Tye thefe, two and two together, at one end with a ftrong Packjthread, and they will ferve to fip over the Barr end, and Co hold It and the Bel/y very cloJe : Thele you may let ftay on Co long as you plea(e, which will Cave you Co much Labour and Time, the which you may Ipend in doing another, or any thing clle
pers^
needful/.

Thefe are very neceffary Implements., fit to put up with the reft of your 7tf<?/j-, to be in readinefs when need requires. Then when all your Barrs are thus wel/ mended, lay by your Belly Carefully, left any body Tamper with It, before It be well dry and hardned, which in 5 or 6 Hours will he Efficiently fit to be handled again, if it be a dry-xoarm-feafon ; but if not, then Cet it in Ibme Chimney-Corner, ( only within the Ayr of the Fire j ) for too much Heat will warpe and prejudice the Belly.

Thus

Ihe
Thus you muft do
to jiay
till

l^Hte made Eafe.

if
l/ctter

'^9

next day^ Then you may confidently prepare for a ConjiwBion CopuU'ai^ihy cleunfing all the fjiperflnous roiighnefs^oj Glerpand Putive per^remaining about Thoje mended Places } the which to do is a Ch')

you be in Haff-, but if not, it were before you handle It any more.

riofity :

If

But Thus muft you do it. you have a lefs Iron^ heat it and ufe
:
I

it ^

if not,

your

other The
ci

cleanfin?

may do wcU enough

)

(ay,

Heat

It to fitch

nimbly and lightly /<7f4^nd fcorch all oiGlerv or Paper But take heed oi fi:orching x\iQBeIly^ or overheating the Joynts lately Clewed-, left your work come in Pieces
again

a height^ that you may thofe Rough Places^ either

all

Gltvvcd

phicts.

have thus fi:orched all., and would have them come then take your chizzel., ( your Belly being laid Flat upon a off., "Table ) and firape gently all ThoJe Places., and all will come off very cleanly, as you would defire, to the very fVood : But if at the JTr^i time all comes not off'., as you would defire, Then, lichtly, and with a ^uicli touch of a Hot Iron., fcorch it again., and (b time after time, by little and little, you muft work, till you fee jM clear and
fmooth.

When you

Take
it is

notice, that in cleanfing oSclerv.,

and Paper by
--^

fcorching^

A"

efpedai

the Infide oi Injimments for it Vi'xW j^oil Hnl^ cleanfing only to be done tft old Gkw the Glofs or Varnifij of the Outjide of any. ^ ^^"'* The Outfldes therefore muft ever be cleanfed by moifiure only. There i's but One thing more to do, before you joyn Buck^ and
Belly again,

which

is,

to cleanje carefully every Barr

end.,

and the

Rotmd-fide-edge, of the Back^ and Belly, with the Two Flats;, All which muft be done as aforelaid, with at Tops and bottoms

whole

->

a Scorching Iron firft, and then with your Wording- knife., or Chizthat the Nf n? z,e/, take off the Scorchings., to the clean Wood ,
C/en?

maytake

/ii? ^(?/^

which being done, proceed in This

manner.
bring your B^r^^and Belly together, and fee if they will fit ; by which doing, you will perceive ( it may be ) fome little impediment, or Fault, fit to be amended, before you come to GlewFirft

ing,
fit
)

and fo do and

try

till

you are fully fatisfied that

all is

clear

Then

fear nothing, but boldly proceed to the Vniting,

and which
,

muft be done after This manner. Take your Jul, and after you have laid the Belly True in the np^ermoU Flat, (which you cannot well mifs of, bed ufe the Points of the Net^ will give you infallible direUions^ I (iiy, when

Theiinirirg

Ed^y^'^^^

you

zxt fully fatisfied, that your '^eck^ lieth clofe,direU, and right the r(?/?,thcn(with your Aui) prick a Hole qmte through the Belly^ to in the midfi of that tipper Flat, and joyn Belly and Back^ together S

a
'^^

Choice
"^'

then

when you have

is

thus Fitted them, pluck out

your Aul again

pitceot cu.^

for This doing

you
foon.

but as a Mark^ or Direction for you, againft have occafion to come There again., ( which (hall be very
_)

Now

to your Gleiv-Pot, with Bacl^

pleafe,

which you

and anoint

all

and begin with the Edges Carefully round, where

Belly.,

and

I 3

you

6o
well,

The Qhil ^^an

or.

you know they muft ^(y, and every Barr-cud he ptre you tottch and when Both are thus Carefallji done, ( for here lies the

having a jlrevgth of the Work,) then Both to the Fire, and warm them a little^

Good Fire ready ^ bring and clap them quickly toat the To]^

gether,
Take heed of
tTO much"'^'^ Glcw.

in the fame Hole

and with your Atd p-ick^aTidfajien them together which before you "foyned them at.

But here in This Work, you mufl be exa&ly Carefull, that you neither the Back, nor Belly, with the leaft drop of Gkxo more than is needfull--, for &\\ fiperfinity of Glevp, is hurtfull to the Sound of an InTlrument. Nov/ having in readinefs your Great tron,red hot, heat the Edges thororvly all over, and then efpecially the upper Flat where your Jul jiicks, till you perceive the Glere is become warm and thin. Then begin with your upper Flat, and with your Fingers you may Force it clofe to its old and true place, and then with littls pieces of Paper, (fbbig as pence, or two-penccs, wet withG/eJ cover all the upper Flat in the Joynts, yet leaving about a Strarvbredth or two betwixt Taper znd Paper, fo that you may^ee hoveths Jcyntjoyns, and preCently fcorch on thofe Papers, one after another, leaning pritty hard upon each one, with the fquared end ofyour broad Iron, which muft not be too Hot, for fear of burning the Belly^ yet hot enough to fcorch the Papers, and thefuperfluous Glew, into a

C%

Cruiiinefs.

This being done, it will be a good Guidance to make It fall yght all along ^ Then after this manner proceed Inch by Inch, firft on one fide, and then on the other, ( for if you Glew all one fide firji^ you may chance find it fall uneven at lafi : ) Therefore have a Care often to be viewing how it fadges on both fides, and be lure at every Barr, you thruB it fo clofe as pojfibly you can, with youx Thumb and and Paper it well all the way with Scorching, as aboveFingers faid, and when you have rounded It ihui, ky it by till next day before you cleanfe offThofe Papers, &c. But if you be in hafi, you may cleanje It within 6 or j hours
'-,

How to cleanfe
the Lute.

after, provided' you handle it gently^ otherwife you may loofcn fomething within. And to cleanfe It, only do Thus 5 Take a diftl oi Water, and with a Rag bemoifien all thofe fcorch' papers and Glew, often renewing the moifiure, ( yet but a little af a time ) and once in Half an Hour, they will be ^ofoft, that only with your Hails lightly running them backwards upon It, it will

aH come
Note.

off as

Note, and Remember, that you ufe no other Toole faving your Nails, for any (uch work 3 becaufe you may Gaul and blemiflj the Infirument with any hard Toole 5 but your Nails will not Hurt it, if you take Care. When This is done, proceed to the putting on ofyour Lace, oir Parchment, which if it be the Old Lace, you flball firft lay it in water a while to fieep, both to diffolve the Old Glew, and alfo to make it Gentle and ply able, and when it is fieep'd enough, you may with the Edge of a Knife run off all the Old Slime and Glew, which with twice

And

here

you will have it. would have you

The Lute made

gendy,

Eafie,

6i

twice or thrice drawing over, betwixt your Thumb and Finger will be done, and then 'tis fit to be pitt on. Then (fitting down and taking the Lute into your Lap., havin{y your Glew warm and clofe by., and your Great Iron very Hot) Anoint about a Fingers length or more of the Lace lightly with Gleiv., then with your Iron., warm fb much of the Edge of the Lute^ (where you intend That fiuU lye ) together with the Lace and Clew., and begin your work at which fide you pleafe, and holding It hard and clofe with your Thumb and Finger at the Top^ draw it hard down 7ith your other hand., ovAj fo far as it is anointed., and fo pinch it

Hr^wtoputoii
^'"^ ^'^^^'

clofe on both (ides,'fnoothing it gently backp>ards and forwards with your Thumb and Finger., till you perceive It has fanned, which will not be long till you may proceed to the doing oi fitch another length then ( cunningly taking up the Lace fo, as you may not wtdoe the former ) ^;;m;/ (b much more of the Lace^ and do as yOft did before., and Co proceed till al/ be Finififd. All this will not be one quarter of an hours work. But yet Note., that when you have wrought it down Co far as the Note what turning ( about the Bridge, ) you will find thofe turnings more trou- P-^" ^ '''^ Therefore you muft ( after anointing and nioft trouble-. hlefome than the refl heating that place ) pluckjthe Lace very hard there, and fmootb it well ^o^ie. between your Thumb and Finger often^ till you at laftfind It ply and
)
.

lye fmooth

and

clofe.

a clean Linen

more Curiofity in keeping the Lace clean, take and hold between your Thumb and Finger whilft you are in fmoothing, and Co it roillbe neat. There is nothing elfe to be faid as to This doing, but be Carefull to lay it on firaight, th2it yon may have Credit ofjour H^'ork^, and that it be not too much upon the Belly, which will clog the Sound. The Narrower your Lace is, the Better it is, provided it will but
for the
rag,

You may

jufi appear ivith a

little Edge upon Backhand Belly. But luppofing you are to put on a Varchment, fwhich is every the way to way as Good for iife, if not Better ) then cut a Convenient breadth, P"^ " ^ Parchment, and if it be in one, two, or three Lengths, it makes no matter. Then lay it in Water a little while lofioften it, and make it take Clew and ply, and after it has fiak^d, take it out and draw it over yom Knife Edge gently, between your Thumb and Finger, to take out the Water and thtslime,and by Co doing it wiWhe fit enough to take Glew, and to be dealt with as abovefaid concerning the Lace 3 only takg heed of lettirig your Hot Iron come too near it, becaufe it will be iubjeft to run up into wrinkles^ ( with too great a

Heat.) This being done, lay by your Lute for a Day or Two, that the Olew may harden.^ and then you may proceed to the Stringing of it.

CHAP;

6z

The Qyil

"Part

or.

Chap.

V.

Lute is pritty well come to It Jelf again 5 and withquertion (if you have rightly followed the Order oi Thoje DireUio7ts prefcribed ) you will find it in all refpeds fo Good as it rtas^'xi not Better Therefore doubt it not in the lead, butfb

NOw your
out
all

--i

Choice Obfervations about keeping a

Lute.

foon as // is Dry emugh^ put on the Strings : Yet before you proceed to That^ take Theje neceffary DireUions concerning the keeping your Lute. And that you may know how to Jl^elter your Lute, in the worft of I// weathers.) ( which is moiji ) you (hall do well, ever when you Lay it by in the day-time, to put It into a Bed, that is conjlantly tifed, between the Rug and 'Blanket , but jiever between the sheets, becaufe they may be moili with Sweat, &c. This is the moU abfolute and beU place to keep It in always, by

which doing, you

here
ThefirrtCom. moc'.iry by keeping a Lute well
2.

will find ma.ny Great Conveniences,

which

I (hall

(et dovj'n.

As, Fird:, for the fivzng of your Strings from Breaking ; for you (hall not rpend halfjo many Strings as another, who lays their Lut&

open

in

Damp Room,
Tt will

2diy.

or near a Window, &c. keep youri/e cotiUantly in a Good Order,Co that

in the Tuning

3-

4-

of It. gdly. You will find that it will Sound more Lively and Briskjy-, and give you pkafure in the vex^ Handling of It. 4thly. If you have any Occafion Extraordinary to fet up your Lute at a Higher Pitch, you may do It fafely , which otherwife you cannot (o well do, without Danger to your Infirument and
fhall

you

have bin fnal/ Trouble

Strings.
5-

5thly. It will

be z

g\;tai

S afety

to

your Injirument, in keeping It

from Decay.
6.

6thly.

It

will

prevent much Trouble, as in keeping the Barrs from

Belly

flying Loofc,

and the
fix
is.

from Jinking.
all

Now
And

thcfe

conCidered

together, muft needs create a

feventh, M'hich
lituted, r-nd

That Lute-play muti certainly be very much Faci'

DelightftiU Thereby.

made more

The

firfl

Rea-

fon given for tho'e 7 Con'enieticcs.

becaufe you fhall not be wanting, in being able to give a Reafon for any of Jhefe Jeven Conveniences, I will here in Or^eriht you down the Reafons why. As firft, That it will fave your Strings from breaking very much j

Your

fiuall

pofed to the

Experience will findThat apparenf-^htcawfc z String exAir., (efpecially if it be a moiji y^/>)will not lafi Long :
it

For the

moifiure caufeth

to Swell

jlretching like That String

2d. Reafon.

which

is

Therefore it cannot hold kept Dry, and in a Good

Temper. * Secondly, That it will keep your Lute in a. GoodOrder and Temper, you will likewife find by as Imall Experience. Fox, That String which fiiffers the Inconvenience of the moiji Air,
as
it

will certainly Swell, Co as certainly will

it

go

out

of Tune.

Therefore

The Lute made Eape,

Therefore it mufl: neceffarily follow, that T:hat String which is conftantly kept in a Dry Tem^cr^ f as in a Bed it will be) mufl: needs (land tnon conftantly at, or near the Titch itwasfet at^ than the other^ exposed to morjlitre. Therefore ^om Trouble will be lefs
in the

63

Tmhrg
^

This
ftill

is plain.

Yet know, that the Bed doth dttr

Note.

It a little

but

for the Beji.

For when you put it into the Bed-, it is fuppofed to have been out^ and in the y^/'r, which if it have heen/^io/Ji^ never fo little^ will have Rais'dthe Strings a little^ which you muft grant an Inconvenience^ (although it (hould be bmfmal/-)} But by putting It into
a Bedj Remedied.

And

alway-s obferve,

when

a Lute

is

taken out of a Bed, the

more Lanl^than they were before ^ which may more eafijy be perceived by the bigger Strings, of the Bajfes : for ihey will ever (at the coming outof the^fi^^ be f /^^fcr than any of the fnialler OSravcs^ which P^irs with Them : The Thicker itherefore a String is, the more doth it partake of the moifinefs of the Air, and (b mufl: needs i'n'eZ^ proper tionably , and be the
Strings are

morejlurp.

Whereas I (aid the Lrtte would fonnd more Lively and There is very good Reafon for That : Becau(e all the Mijiy Vapours and Dampnejs (which is the cau(e of the Dulnefs of Sound) will be expelled (b that all the Natural Brisknefs which is in a Lute, will fjevp it flf, having no Interruption. Befides, it helps to Mellow a Lute 5 For Experience tells us, that
Thirdly,
^

jd. Reafon.

Briskjy

-,

an old Lute

is

Bitter than a

New One. New Lute there Wood, than when it is 0/4

And
is

the Reafon mufl: needs be, becau(e that in a

in the Fores

Seafoned,

of the and well Mcllorved. And truly I have found as much Dijfcrence at Times, in One and the fame Lute, as if I had play'd upon Two feveral Lutes which is" very eafie to be perceived, by any one who will obferve a Lute at one Time left Carelefly, and expos'd to damp Air, and at anoih?r Time, laid up in a warm Bed, and ordered as I have given
>

more of moijlnefs

Directions.

And
ling

as

alfo (aid. It will give

you Pkafure

in the

very Hand-

Bed

Reafon of that: For the the Adoisture^nd Clamminefs, which moiji wea' ihcr conftantly occalions to any thing made of iVood, &c.
will dry up
all

of //^ you

will as eafily perceive the

Fourthly, If you have occaliou to fet your Lute at a Higher Pitch, you may then the better do it ^ becaufe the Strings being Dry, and free from Swelling, they will both hold better, and alfb the Lute is
in no i/^w^er thereby

4th. ReaCon.

becaufe the Clew is hard andjirong, (b that both the Bridge and Barrs are Tite, and all things well able to endure the ftretch ; which if you (hould do to a Lute lying abroad,
-,

expos'd to the moiJi Air, in a Damp Room, or the like 5 (irft. Snap goes your Strings, and it may be by and by off comes your Bridge and your Barrs cannot hold long fai. Ail which Mifchiefs I have often known 5 the which are afTutedly prevented by a JVarmBed'
^^

Fifthly,

54
yth. Reafon,

The
Fifthly, It will

Ciyil 'P^^t

or,

keep the Injlrument from Decay. It is a ufual faying. That an Oak^\s loo years in Grovpwg^ ico Dec ajiigj which is fuppos'd to years Standrffg^ and loo years ftand in al/ Weathers^ wet and dry. Now if T/^^ ThickJlroKg-lfiJiy-J}jirdy-Oali will (m loo yearsJ'

Decayy

by (uch ufage;

How much

more

eafilythen^

muft a Lnte

(made offo gentle foft Wood, and Jo very ih'in) with fuch like ill nfage) Decay? Yet we fee, that many Lutes there ^re, of a Great Age--^ and I my (elf have at this prelent, a Lute made of >fyre, that is alove loo years old^ a vexy Jirong and Tite Lute, and may yet laft ico or 200 ^e^rj- more, provided it can be kept according to Jifs Careful/ Order prefcribed.
5th. Rcafon.

Sixthly, It will fave the Barrs firOf>t (inking, except

you now or
(except

then give
aforefaid.

it

kpock.--^

for nothing fooner than Moifture

It ) gives liberty, or occafions the Barrs to ftnk^, for the Reafons

all Theje inconveniences, and and All fife andfure 5 only to be keep your Glew Co Hard as Glafs, excepted, ihat no Verfon be fo inconfiderate, as to Jumble doren upon the Bed whilB the Ltite is There 5 For I have h^own feveral Good

Therefore, a "Bed will fecvre from

Caveat

needfull.

Lutes (poil'd with fuch

7th. Rcafon.

a.

Trick:

Seventhly, and Laftly, That Lute-play thereby rnufl needs be much Facilitated, will appear very Plain j when as it will be con-

That all Thoje forefaid fix Inconveniences will be taken away, by This Order and Care. Therefore it muft needs follow, that the Young Scholar will be eafed of much Trouble, and confequently take a greater Delight and
fidered,
Vleafure

both in the Lute, and in his VraUice. I have now done with Thofe Reafons, why I would have a Lute kept moft conftantly in a Bed, when it is in daily ufe ; But at other times, when it is not ujed^ a good warm Cafe, lined with Bayes within, and covered with Leather without, with Lock.and Key, andHaJps, will be very neceffary. Yet AllThefe are not a fujjjcient Jecurity for //, if it fhould ftand in a Damp Room, for then both Lute and Cafe will be all mouldy,

and Come in pieces.

Therefore care muft be taken that It always ftand in (brtie warm Room, where a Fire is conflantly ufed, or ("next to that) upon your
Bed-Tejlor.

Let This fiiffice for keeping your Lute fafe. I have now (except Stringing^ (poken o All Things I can at prefent think upon that I judge 7?if, or may conduce to the Benefit of every Oe,who is a Lover and Keeper of a Lute, that they may know how to be able either to doe,ov give DireUions to haVe Them done, according to This moji Compleat and neceffary Order : and it is no Hard Work,, ^^^ Troublefome, but very Delightfull to any A&ive and Ingenuous Verfon, and a Commendable Recreation , befidcs all the aforefaid Benefits and Conveniences. I will next proceed to the stringing of the Lute-

CHAPj

7 he Lute made Eafe.

i5^

CHA
As The
2ly.
firft

p.

VI.
Gemral
Direction.
Son^c Ger.eral
j

to the Strif7ging oF the Lute^ take 7his

thing you are to confider,

is

the size

ofyour Lute

The Subjlance and Strength of" it. And as to the Sizc^ if it be a Large Lute^ it mufl have the Roiwder
5

fn'^Hv'"4!'f

Stringing of a
^""^^^

Sfrwgs
Lute,

and

a S/f/al/ Lute^ the Smaller-

Then again (as to the StihUance) if it be a Strotyg firm-mtde it may bear the T:hickcr Strings j but \'iWeal^ ^ud. Crazy, theri
,

the Smaller Strhigs. Yet I rather advife to String

Strength^ &c.
Firll,
it,

it,

according to the

6'7"z,e,

than the

and
2ly.

will return

Becaufe in fb doing, a Lute has niore Natural Right done you, more Acceptable Content^ in token ol Its
L;//e
it

Cratefithi'fs,

Becaufe a
it,

that

dons
limcs.

in fetting

at a

is Crazy and ^Fe^^, may have Eaje Lower Pitchy (if you Cec caufc) fome-

it,

if vou be to u(e your Lute in Confort., then you muft String wnhfttchftzd Strings, Co as it may be rl/imp, and Full Sounded, that it may bear up, and be heard, equal with the other tnjirnnietjts,
'

But

or

e](e

you do

Little to the purpofe.

which indeed is the you are to String, you ' mufl: fo fuityonr Strings, as (m the riming you intend to fit it at') ' che strings may all ftand, at a Vroportionable, and even Stiffhej's, ' otherwifc, there will arife Two Great Inconveniences 5 the one to the
This, Chiefiji
i

Another General Obfervation muft be

viz. that

The very
cipa)

prin-

what Jiz'd Lute

fbever,

obicrvaIff a

sr'inging

lute.

'

Performer, the other to the Auditor,

it is,

And here Note, that when we fa)', a Lute is not equally Strung, when feme Strings atefiiff', and fome Jlac{. Nor can any man play Co Evenly, or Equally well, upon fur h a Stri/rg Inftn/went, as upon one well Strung--, efpecially when he is to Run Dwifion : For it will be, as if a man were to (liew Nimble Eootm.nifdip, and were confined to Run over a piece of uneven
Ground, with hard, and foft Places mixd togetherSure, he muft needs Run ttnequally, in Thofe places, or flacky his face, or e\Ce ftumble and fall. Even ibis it with fuch an unequal Strung Inurnment.
mufl: needs be perceivable by the Auditor for whenfoever fuch unequal performance is made, the Life and spirit oC the AJuficl^isloB. Thus having given you Thefe General Obfervations, in Stringing your Lute, I (hall now more Nicely, give you ibme other, more

Then

again,

it

Particular.

The firft and Chief Thing

which would be of

is,

to becarefull to get Good Strings, More

Viz.
lar

parrlcu*""

Minikins, Venice-Catlr'ns, and Lyons, (for Bajfcs : ) There is another fort oi Stringr, Xvhich they call Prjioy Bajjes , which I conceive are none other than
three forts.

Obierva^

sTr^ngs!

Thick,

66
red
And what
ae^Beft/'"^'

The Qhil '^an

Thicks Venice- Catlitts^whxch. are
colour.

or.
Djied^

commonly

with a deep dar\

They

ri'dl-twiJied Strings^

are indeed the very Beft, for the Eajjes^he'mg fmooth and but are hard to come by However out of a
:,

Xiood parcel of Lyon Strings^ which will ierve very ivell.

you may (with care) pick tho(e

out of thefe three forts, Firft, chufe for your Trebles, 2^/j, and fome of your fmall OUavts^ (efpecially xYiQfixth ) out ,a,ds, of your Minikins. Then out of your Venice-Catlins, for your ^^ths, ^ths, and moft of your other O&aves.

And

Your nfhoys, or Lyons, only for the Great BaffeL There is a fmall ibrt of Lyons, which many ul^, for the OClaves 5 But I care not for Them, they being conftantly Rotten, and good
for
little,

but to make Frets

that

of.

How

to chufe

Now

you may know^

all thefe Strings,

and

alto

how

to

your Strings,
Minikins.

j^now Good^ from Bad, take thele following Obfervations. Firft know,that Minikins are made up always, in long-thin-fmalt Knots, and 60 are to be in a Bundle.
Venice-Catlins are
in a Bundle.

Catlins.

made

up, vafjort double Knots, and 30 doubles

at the

Both which, are (generally)

fame

Trice,

and the figns

of*

Goodnefs, both the (ame 5 which are, firft the Clearnefs of the String to the Eye, the Smoothmfs, and Stiffnefs to the Finger^

and
Lyons.

if

they have
Ij'(7;^

T^^
is

f ><?

qualities

difpute their Goodnefs

no

further.

The

String,

made up

in a double

Knot , but

as

Long as
in.

the Minikin, They are fold

(commonly) fcy the

D^jzewj^and not

made up

Coloured
Strings.

How

to keep your Strings.

to Bundles. Their Goodnefs may be perceiv'd, as were the other But they arc much more Inferiour Strings than the other. \ hayg fometimes leen Strings of a Tellovpif) Colour, very Good:, y^j._^ j^j^j. (^.](]oni 5 for that Colour is a general //^ of Rottennefs, or of the (5?ec4^ of the String. There are feveral Sorts of Coloured Strings, very Good j But the BeB ( to my oblervation ) was always the clear Blue ; the Red^ commonly Rotten j {bmetimes Green, very Good. As concerning the keeping of your Strings, you muft know, ^\^q^q ought to be a Choice Care taken 5 for they may be very Good when you buy them, but Jpoiled in a quarter of an hours time, if they take tf;7j/ i3?ef, or moiii Air. Therefore 5 our beft way is, to Tvrap them up clofe, either in an Oyl'd Paper, a Bladder, or a piece of Sear-cloath, fuch as often comes over with Them, which you may (haply) procure, of them who fell your Strings: Yet they are not very willing to par^t with it, except they Cell a. Good quantity of Strings together. Which, when you have thus done, keep them mfome clofe Box, or Cupboard 5 but not amongft Linen, ( for that gives moijhre , ) and let them be in a Room where there is, or ufeth to be, a Fire 0j$en : And when at any time you open them for your Vfe, take

heed.

7 he Lute made Eafie,

heed, they lye not
place
:

57

too long open^ nor in a dark^lVindovo^ or ffioiji For moijlure is the rvorji Enemy to your String!. Forget not, to Tyc, or bind them clofe^ or hard together. I will now begin to help you to String your Lute, and the fiift The firft thing I would have you take notice of, is to know how to pidl (ut springing th? a String well--. For I have feen many a Good string (poiTd'tor want Lme- to be obfcrv'd; of the heji way, and Care in this particular : And Thus it is 5 Your Minikint and Venice-Catlins, will generally Run quite out, after you begin to pull them at the right end. In your Minikjn^ ob(erve to find the running end. Then take it either with yom Fingers^ or your Teeth, ("holding the contrary end faft with your Finger and Thumb, to keep it from Ruffling, or Running upon crofs TwiTis ) fb may you draw it quite out, to the twijied place 5 the which you muft be Carefidl to untrviji, otherwile you will draw it into a Knot, and (b loje a good, ( or it may be the hell ) part ofyour String. Thus will mod: Strings run out eafily ^ yet fometimes they will run a-crofi, and not come out well, without your farther Cdre^ which muft be, to find out the other twined end, and (b with a ' Tin, or (brae (uch Thing, open that T'roifi, by which means you
,

will fave your String,

otherwile ( if you force

it

you

j^oil, or

breaks

it.

Secondly, when yout String is well open, and ybU find kfmooth. and free from Knots, Try its.Jirength, by taking it at one end in both hands, pulling it j^ hard, till you perceive it Strong, or Rotten And if it be a right good firong String, it will many times endanger xh^ Cutting into your Flefl), rather than it will breaks, yea, although it ht^ fmallTrcble-Minikin String : But your Venice-Cdtlins will
i,

The

feconcJ.

Mans (reafonable) firength. are thus far (atisfied concerning the f'it- The third. nefi of your choice, both for firength and size, then endeavour to find, aTrue length of that String, for your purpole, (the which is both a pritty Curiofty to do, and a'lfb Necejfary :,') And thus 'tis done. Firft, draw out a Length, or more, then take the End, and mea- How to chufe ""^ fire the length it muft be of, within an Lnch or trvo, (for it will
(carcely be broken,

by

Thirdly,

when you

flretch fo

up) and hold That length in both hands, ex/eWe^/ to a rea(bnabley?i^/e/} 5 Then with one of your Fingers firike it, giving it fo much liberty, in flackfief, as you may fee it Vibrate, or open itfelf:, which if it be True, it will appear to the Eye, juft as if there were Two Strings 5 but if it Ihews more than Two, it is falfe, and will (bund unpleafmtly, w^on your
Jnfirument'-j

much at

ctrlr*^*"^

?h

kail, in the winding

moft airious.
p'ece of skill
'" ^'""^''S'

-^

nor will it ever be ivell in Tune, either Jiopt or open, hut fnarle. But then again, if you find it to be True, at the whole length, you muft further examine it, how it will (hew it felf upon the Frets, ( viz, fiopt ; ) For you muft know, that moft Strings that are True Open, ( that is, the whole Length unfiopt ) when you come to make uCeo^Them amongft the Frets (fiopt,) they will be Falfe-^ Therefore This muft be your conftant way, to Try Them, viz. when you

hav6

68

The Qhil Tan

or.

have found a String True the whole Lengthy hold it ftill as you did 5 but with that hand which holds the ^ you intend for the Frets (or t/ppermoji) take up about an Inch fiorter^ and then Jiri^e 7/, and fee how you li^ it, according to your former Dire6tios :
again another Inch, and Co try it again, and in conclufion again and again , fo far as you have nfe of that String amongSi your Frets. Note how far And here Note, fome Strings ( generally '^ are not (iopt be") -' you rnuft find ^ j ^ ^ i ^v. r yoxid the Letter rf, as the 4th. String, upon the French Lute, Flat your String True. Tuning. The 5th. String, not ufually beyond the Letter The 6th. not beyond the Letter d, &c. according as you may perceive, by the Reajon of Tuning in regard cvQxyfnialler String takes off the Greater, at the Tuning Place. A Good Note So that in the General and Ordinary u(e of the Lute, Leffhns are not (et (nor fliould be, except upon fome Extraordinary Occajion) oTieffonr,'"^
i
,

Then

to-

ther upon Luce or Viol,

with jiopt Strings, when you may have Open Strings.;which will do ^j^^ Bufinefs , and for two very good Reafons. Firft, bccaufe an open String is move Jvpeet, and Freer oF Sound, than a Jiopt String. 2ly. Becaufe the iewer Jlopf Strings you have, the eajier muft

How

far there

offiJdfng'I"^ Siring True,

your Leffo?i needs be. But your Treble string, would always be examin'd and found 2rwe, to h,y, or k., becaufe there is no other String, to take
it off.

Your
fo far.

2d. string likewifo to h, or

yj becaufe

it

is

often us'd

Your Third would be found True to e, or /, at leaftj for the Jame Reafon. But all your Diapafins, if you find them only True open, ('viz. at their Length ) it will be jufficient , becaufe They are never
fiopt.

Thus much may (uffice for direftion oCfinding a True String. Yet you muft know, that although you put on All your Strings True to day, to morrow fome or other of Them teill many times Jiretch Themfelves falfe or uneven : Therefore you muft be the more careful!, to give It a Review the next day, if you intend to be very
Curious.

To Fret
Lute

the

'j'jjg

jjext

Thing ( after your Lute

if

is

Thus Carefully Strung

is

your Lute lye well, and your strings be put 5 on True, is no hard matter to do: Yet there is a Curiojity in doing it. Therefore Note, Firft, to chufe your B Fret, fo Thici^ as well you may, (according to the Lying of your Nutt, and Strings ) For the Thicker
to Fret It

which

-,

That Fret is, the more eafly may you ft all the Re^ : becaufe that in Fretting, every next Lower Fret, would be fome fmall matter Smaller, than the next above, ( quite through ) Yet This Rule is
:

by mo^, who are Carelefs fo Instrument Jarrs, and Sounds unpleafantly.

fiot

obferv'd

'5

that oftentimes, their

Now therefore obferve

firft,

to Tye on, or faUen a Fret well, fo

The ILute made

Co that
rlace.
it

Edfie.
(eajily) out

6p
of
its

may be

Jirffl

and not to be viovd

And you
Firft,

will find, that the

frB Fret, will

be ever the hardeji,

to Tje well on^ for

two Reafons.
the Thid^U, therefore not (b ready to fly,
is

becaute

it is

and Jiretch.
little narroroer roem above It, by reafon it is (b near the ^utt : Therefore you muft be the more C2ireM],to Jiretch It very well, before yon fettle ItThe way to Tj/e on a Fret the be^ way, is Thus ; viz. Your Lute The beft way ftanding fas it were) before you upon zTalk, upon /fj- Jg^c^, Fr^afterthe take your Fref, and put It douhk,Hnder all the Strings, beginning oidFaihion, double. from the Baffes, towards the Trebles 3 then ( putting your Left Band under the Neck^) take That Middle Double, and draw it under the Nec^ towards the Bajfes, (holding faft the two Ends in
""''^^-

2dly. Becaufe there

but a

your Right Hand) till you have brought them together, (viz. the Middle Nooze, and the Two Ends. ) Then take that End next you, which you held in your Right Hand, and put it through That Nooze, fo, that you make another Nooze of That End, and then let the jfri? Nooze go. " Then again, take but the other End, which ftill remains in your Right Hand, unujed, and put It through your laji Nooze, taking the Ends, f in each hand one ) and let All elje go, and ("only drawing them ftraight_) your bufinefs of Tying is over. This being done, ( now comes the Curiofity, to Stifen, FaUen, and Fix This Fret ) I fay, take the Fret ( thus far faftned ) and draw Itfo clofe ("by both ends) as you can well, to fiiffen It to the Neckj, then, (holding both Ends faSf, my om Left Hand) with your Right Hand and Left,^rce It down fo low (tow zrds C D. E. F.&c.) then put It up again to the Nutt, where you'l find it as you can too wide o'c Jlack^--) therefore take the ://, (in each hand much 0e) and dvaw It Jiiff^ and clofe again J then (as before) down with it, fo low as you can, and up again : Thus do it three or four times, till at laft you find itflif, and Co faji, that it will fearce be Jiirr'd, to Its place ofB. (which is but a very little fpace.) But here Note, that at laft, before you force it down, to Its place at E. you are ( after all ftretching ) to Tye it, of another hard Knot, and then it '\s firmly fajl. And except you ferve This firfl Fret Thus, you will always be Troubled with It in your FlayAnd if you take notice oCmojl Lutes and FiWi-,where(bever you come, you will find Them defective in This fir!i Fret, for want of fuch a Care, as here I have diredted unto, which is a great Inconvs' nience to the Inflrument, and the Mufic^Thereof. I have been the longer about This, becaule I know it fo very and alfo have taught you to Tye on All the other by This ; Needfidl but they will all be eafier to fiijfen than This, because they all have more Room upwards, in the Narrow of the Nec^, than That has
'-,

TheCurioficy
ofStiffhing,,

pre?'^'"^

',

And

befides,

they being aWfmaller fizd Strings, will the more

their Jiiffnefs

eafily

fir etch,

and ply, to

and

clofenefs.

There

70
AfingieFret
the beft.

The Qyil 'Pan

or,

There is a way which I have lately try'd, and I find it much Better, which is, to Fre^ a Lute with fwgle Strings. My Reafbn i^, becau(e it is not only fioner done, and with a
jlwrter String

J
'

does (afluredlyj caufe a Clearer Sound from the String ilopt which mud: needs be granted, if it be confidered, that x\\& String lying upon This only Round Jingk Fret, cannot hut lpeal{^Clear, when as ("on the contrary^ it lying upon Two, fas in the Douhle Fret it doesj it cannot be thought to and clofe, upon JP^^kfi Clear, becaufe, that although it Lye h.ird next the Finger, yet it cannot lye fb the uppermofi of the two, very clofe and hard, upon the undermojl Co that it mufi: needs Fuzz, a little, though not eajilj difcern'd, and thereby, takes off" fomething oC Its Clearnefs, efpecialjy if the Fret be nThicl^broad->

but

chiefly,

it

-j

Pouble-Fret.

This
'

confefs

is

a Curioflty, yet I think

it

it

worth 'Examination^

heC^Viih the Eu({nefs

This
Ri^ht.

is

(ufficient for Stringing

felf if a Curious Thing. and Fretting.

The next

thing

is

to Tune your Lute

and place your

Fretjf

Chap.
How to place
the Frets hy Tmiing the

Vir.

to Tune your Lute, (which is a principal piece oiCurioJity) you muft begin whctc you left, viz. at the Fre/j-, for your prets ate not to be drawn quite down, to their proper Places, till you have (bme Ajjurance, of thofe proper Places 5 the which mud: be, by

l\

"VT O w

your Ears, \n Tuning.

I

confefs there

is

a Mathematical Rule , arid way, to place the

and Inflrumentr and is Strung with Wyar Strings-^ by which any Terfon, having neither Ear, nor SkjU in Mufick^, may (et them perfectly right , by That Rule : Yet That way will not hold exa&ly (always) with our GutiStrJngs, except they were exaUly True, as generally Wyar Strings are 5 but in regard of their (b often being Falje, the BeU way is to place your Frets as you Tune up your Lute, by your Ear, according to Vnifons, ^ds, $ths, and Bths. Therefore I fay, firft, T/we // fo well as you can Open, (without
Frets,

u(ed in Bandores, Aiiferions, Citterns,

Frets

) making
--^

cords

And

All agreeing Strings accord, in their feveral Conwhen you avefofatisjied, then attempt the Jixjng of

your Frets to their Certain Places, and not before. The which muft be, by fixing your Frets exaUly, according to the Vnifons of your Tuning, fit, ( the which ihall be let you in its proper place : ) And the more Exadl your Lute is Strung, the more readily will your Frets find their Places^ and confequently

oC Tuning the eajier. This being done, your Lute is ready for aGoodHand ; which, becaufe I would have you to have, I wifl proceed by fuch infaUibh
Bufinejs

your

The Lute made

fallible Rules

Eafte,
the okxin-

71

and DireUiof^s ,

as

you

(hall not fail in

ig thereof The Rule for7nmng^\s (et

down

in the 12?^. chapter.

Chap.
I

VIII.
Concerning
^"'^'^'P'^y-

Will fuppofe you to be a Very t^ew Beginner, and that you ^otv for fich an One I had NoihifTg at all towards the Bujinefs for my Scholar, than One already Enter d--^ except rather chufe by a sh^lfitll and Carefull Majier, who has riot (uffer'd them to run into Ill-Habits : My Reafons for this fhall be fhewed irt their
,

due

place.
Tlic
firft

The FirU Thing I would have you regard, is your Poftm-e, viz. How to fit, and hold yorir Lute : For the GoodPoJinre has two Comtnoditics dependiiig

do=

vvTds"
play.

Lme-

upon

it.

The firft is, it is Comely, Credible, and Traffe-voorthy. The 2d. is, it is AdvantageoUi, as to Good Performance, which upon your Trjial, you will foorl perceive, although very many do
not mind
it.

'Now as
'

to Thff Order,
a.

firft (et

your

felf

down agamd zTable^

for

The

Pofture;

*in as Becoming
Reputation.
'

Pojiure, as

you would chufe to do

;

your

Beji

Sit

Vpright and Straight

in

*
'

Body of it your Right Thigh 5 the Head erefed againft your Left shoulder ' and Ear 5 lay your Lefphand doivn upon the Table, and your Right ' Arm over the Lute, (b, that you may fet your Little Finger down * upon the Belly of the Lute, juft under the Bridge, againfi the Treble ' or Second String And then keep your Lute fiiff, zx\a flrongly fet Edge zg^m^ithc Table-Edge^ and fo (leaning your With ns lower ' Brea^ fomething Hard againft Its Ribbs ) caule it to Jiandfieady and flrong, fb, that a By flander, cannot edjily draw it from yot&
, ''
'

your Lap

then take up your Lute, and lay the a-Crofs j Let the Lower part of It lye upon

'

-<.

'

Breaft, Table

and Arm.

the vao^i Becoming, Steady, and Benefcial Poflure. I order your L^//f Hrf J to lye upon the Table, Note the Reafor an efpecial Great Beneff-, For if firft you be thus able to fon of laying ls manage the holding of your Liite tvith One Hand, the work will j^^^*^^

'This

\s

Thereafon why

upon

come
fittdt,

eaflly

on, becaufe the

riiufl

work of the Left Hand

is

the fnofi

Dif

bie.

and therefore
Free.

have no hindrance, or impediment, but

maft be

And the holding of the Lute Nec^, p with It, ( as very many do) takes away the chief Strength, Liberty and A&ivity oi That
Hand-.} therefore gain but thisOe Ability at the very frji,
will give

and

it
***

you

that which

Eafe, and Conte?2t ever after, and enable you to others fiall never be able to do,wh6 hold their Lutes

do
by

the Labour of the Left Hand.

This

at firft will eafily

be gaind^ but afterwards

not.i

The

72.
Theid.work
is

The

C^yil

Van

or.

the Little
'^'^^^'

The 2d. thing to be gain'd is, letting dovm your Link Fivger upon the BeUji^'^s aforefaid, cloje under the 'Bridge^ about the frjl^
ad^ ^d, or
It
j{th.

Strings

for thereabout,

is its

covjiant jiatjon.

Hand^ and gives a Certainty to the Gra^. The ;d. is The 3d. thing is, (keeping all hitherto in 7his ToUnre ) j^an your Thumb, oitt yourlhumb^^movig^ the Bajjes^ and lay the end of /^ doven^ upon which you plea(e, but rather upon the Lafl^ Twelfth^ or Greateji Bajs^ and when you have thus made your Span or Crajp, view Beviwyour Pofture. your Vo^i/re m all refpeds. 'And Firft, mind if you fit Comlily^ Vpright and Straight. A mofi rcceffary v>ork to ' adly. If your Lute be not fimk^ down^from its Exaltation, with be gam d. < the Heads, gdly. Th:it you com'mne It Jiiff^ and jieadilji-Jirong, 'againd: theT^r/i/e. 4thly. That your Le// H?W, remain flill //p^?/? 'the Table. 5thly. That your Little Finger, be i)i\\\ fxt under the 'Bridge. 6thly. That your T/^a*;/- eW, lye upon the /^zi? ^yj^ I 'mean, the End of your Thumb, about half an Inch over the lajl ' Bafs, and about three or four Inches above the Bridge. Laftly, ' That in This PoUure of your Right- Hand, your Right-Hand tVriJi,
fteadies the
' ' '

rife up, to

to an Indiferency
long,
'

a Convenient Roundnefs ^ yet not too much, but only and to keep it from Flatnefs , or Lying a ,

&c.

54ow, by that time, which you can Examine mell, all Thefe Per^ forn/anccs, 'tis two to one, but you find your (elf to^/7, infomc ' one, or other ofThem ; therefore, before you proceed any further, ' Recife your Fault or Faults, and enable your felf, toJit in This To'Jiure, for fbme time, till you find an Aptitude thereunto,which will * be, in one quarter of an hour, or le(s. 'This, although it (eem but little, will be Greatly to the
'

rnrpnfe.

Note how
fhlke the

ro
firft

yom'^Pofiture
is

now,fiippofing you are perfeB in your FosJures, proceed to the frikjng ofaString,the which firft, fliall be the Trvelfth, (the String on which your Thumb lyeth. ) And as to that IFcrk^, it is only (firft) keeping your Thumb fraight, and fi iff, and gently prejjing down that String, ( with an eafie Jlrength ) fo, as your Thumb may only fip Over it, viz. That

And

gain'd.

you mufi: know, that always the Pairs, are Jiruck^ together) and reft it felf upon the next (or Eleventh ) String, your Thumb then ftanding ready, to do the like to That String 5 and fo from String to String, till you have lerv'd all the row oiBaffes after xht fame manner. And when you are able thus, to ftrikc them Forrvards, try to practifc them Backwards, which will prefently be done, and the
rair,(for
TCrhole

duty ( or ivorlO of the Thumb, quite fnified.

mull:

remember, viz. when ever you Jirikg a Bafs, your Thumb reji it felf, upon the next String, and let ihere let it remain, till you have Uje of It elfewhere. And this is the only way, to drarv from a Lute (as we term it) the fweeteii Sound, that a Lute is able to yields which being per-

But This you

fure,

be

you

fected,

you may conclude, half

the rvork,

of your Right

Hand
The

accomplifjed.

The Lute made

"

Eafie,
I

73

4th. thing is, to teach you the Vfe of your Fw?ers^ and is ^J'^^ ^^ Tiling, IS the J done. Th//f ufeolthctinFirft, obferving ftill,all your firmer Pojittres carefully^ with your g^rs. "Thumb ever rejling upon (bme one of the Bajfes^ (where you pleafe ) put the End oF youv fecond Finger., a very little under the Treble String., ( about three Inches above the Bridge) as if you did intend only to feel your String., having your Fore-fnger (at the fame time ) clofe adjoyning in readinefs, ( yet not touching your fecond Finger., or the String .y) then draw up jom fecond Finger., from under the String , forcing the String with a pritty fmart Twitch., fyet gently too) to caufe it to fpeaky?wz?^ and Loud the which, try to do (everal times, fb.long, till at laft you perceive, (by (everal ways oi Tryal ) you can draw a fweet., fmart., and and when that is done, ftrive fleafant Sound from That String your Fore-fnger., ( your fecond Finder keepto do the like with ing the fame PoUurc oF clofenefs and readinefs., as your Fore-jingcr

_,

The

05

-,

kept.

Then, try to divide yomjiro^s equally, betwixt your Fingers 5 firft, with your fecond Finger., and then with your frfi: And (b endeavour to ftrike the Number offour firokes, equally and evenly-) ever obferving to begin with the fecond Finger : at which Jiroke., you (hall count one.,ihen, with your Fore-finger., count trvo^ your fecond Finger again, count three.,z.n6. the /^,with your Forefinger., count four. And ThM' praftife to count i, 2, 5, 4, often 5 and fa long, till you find you can do them readily, equally, and evenly , and never tofirike twice together with the fame Finger. Now what I mean by Equally., and Evenly, will be rvell worth your Noting, and has a double (ignification or meaning. Firft, I mean by Equally anH Evenly, that all the number ojirokes which you make, be for Loudnefs alike. Secondly, for proportion ofTime alike, neither one louder or fafier than another, nor one quicker or flower than another ; the which to do, is a very Curious piece of Performance, and will lay afabjlantial Ground, or Foundation, for Excellent Good Play 5 Both which may well be attained unto, in half an hours time, Vv^ith diligent obbeginning
fervation.

-^

Equally and Evenly, dcubJj^^q^qj""'

take notice, that you firike not yoifr Strings with your Nails, as (bme Ao, who maintain it the BeU way of Play, hut I do not:, ar\dor This Reafon^ becaufe the Nail cannot draw fo fweet a Sound from a Lute, as the nibble end of the Flefa can do.
in the
This.,

But

doing of

<.
IhyfheN"'ils
are not fo

^'^; ''."^

Sounds
^^
^'^'^

ivirh,

might do well enough, where the A4ellownefs ( which is the moft Excellent fatisfaUion from a Lute J is loji in the Crowd 5 but Alone, I could never receive (b good Content from the Nail, as from the Flefa : However (This being my Opinion')
I confe(s in a Confart, it

vicQ:..^

^ .

let Others do, as (eeras 5e/? ^^ Them/elves.

And diat you may

notice, that

learn to firike a string Clear, and Clean, take

m your flroke.,

you

(trive to

draw your Finger a

little

Vpwards, and not slanting, for that

will endanger the hitting of

^^^^ ^^ ^,-^^^ aStringclear^ ^"^'^ ^''^"'

another

74
amther Strings
This Sivgk' AvdThifs^
the

"^he
together

Qyil

Van

or.

with That Strings you intend to Strike

able to ftrikc, and Count or what even Number you ( pleafe ) Equally^ and Evenly, upon the Firji String Then try to do the like upon the Second, Third, Fourth, or Fifth, &c. All which, I would have you Pra&ice, to do Smodthly, and Neatly^ according to all my former Dire&ions. And here fufFer me to Tautologize a little, -viz Your Lcft-Hand upon the Table 5 yonr Lvte Firmly Fix'd your felf and It, in your True Pojiures'-) and when (but) This is done, luppofe your felf half a Lute-player 5 For now you have little, or nothing to do more, betides the bringing up, and ordering of your L eft-Hand, andfota

is called Chan Striking. when you find your felf

Number of

4, or 8, or 16,

-,

-,

How to order
theLeft-Hiiid

joyn their Forces both together ^ which you fhall prefently, and very readily know how to do , as Thus, viz. Firft, ( keeping your felf ftill in all your ExaU Pofitircs, before mentioned ) bring up your Left-Hand from the Table, bended, Juji like the Talents of a Haivkj All, excepting your ihumb, which muft ftand strait, and span'd out 5 your Fingers a\Co, all divided one from the other, in an Equal, and Handfome Order and in phce your Thumb vmdev the Neck,oi^ the Lute, a litThisPoflftre, tle above Q?) Frett, juft in the midft of the Breadth ofthe1SIeck},a.l\
-,

your Four Fingers,in

this

Pofture,being held

clofe

over the Strings

readinefs tojiop

on

the other fide, Co that each Finger,

may be in a

dovpn upon any Frett. And now in This Lively,

would have your moft becoming PoBure, I can DireC^ Pj&nre drarvn, which is the unto, for a Luteniji ; and is all I can think upon Necejfary, as to

And ExaU Pojiure, I

Preparation for Good Play. The next diing therefore (hall be, to proceed to It : To which All thePreparadons are Fi- End, take notice o This Mufck_ Line, (which although there be
'nifhcd.

Six Lines, yet

It is

we

call

them, a Mufck.Line, and the meaning of

Thk.

Thoje Six Lines, bear a reference to the Firft Six

Ranks of your

Lute-Strings

As for Example.

Chap.

IX.
^ s s f s s a
h h h
h
\i

6 g a V
-^

^^~

'

a g

6' f? G'

r r r

e:
JL

Is

.^

3
is

<b
(

? s s
.

y
y, y,

L
<h

y y

k k k k k

THe your
the
3ci

or Vppermofl Line, you muft fuppole to refer, to Fz>i?, or Treble-String, the 7d Line, to your 2d String, Line, to your 5^/ string, the ^th, to your ^th, the 5//, to
Firft,

your

'^th,

and the loweU, or UU, to your 6th

string.

And

'J he

Lute made Eafe,

thofe Letters
:

75

And whereas you

ral Lines
h

(ee fever al Letters placed

know. That
is

upon all thoft [evedo refer to the (everal Fretts^

upon the Ueck^o^ the Lute

As for Example.

ever to be Struck Open ( viz, unjiopt ) upoU on which Itjiands ; or plainer, r/**^ , viz. tA^? ^?m/^ that Strings is ever to be Struck Open, when the Letter a Bandeth on That Explain'd Thus, viT.. The Line^ which refers to That String. fkandeth upon the Fir/?, or Vppermoji Line 5 ThereTirU Letter a

The

Letter a,

fore the Firft, or Treble String, is then to be Struck Open, : Like(hews, That the wife, the id Letter a, ftanding upon the 2d Line, be Struck open ; and (oof all 2d String of your Lute, is then to

the

reft,

as aforefaid.

Now,

for the LeWer

<P,

upon any Lme, it (hews, That they4?e

,

,^

String of your Lnte muft he flop d clofe, to the uppermoji Frett, with the very Tipp of One of jour Fingers And, (b of all the reft. The Letter t, clo(e to the 2d Frett, 7), to the Third, &c. and

of all the reft, till you come to y and k- (The Letter Y being put inftead of /. And the Letter k, is the Laji, and Lotveji Frett. And here Note, That the Number of 9 Fretts, is the^ei? Nunther for a Lute-Necitocany:, for if it bear fewer. It will be too JiDort, both as to the Proportion, and Comelinefs of the Injlrument, and Deficient as to the /^r^per g(7<7i:^ ufe required in a Lute--^ and if it bear more than 9, It will be Inconvenient, both as to the Proportion of the rw^e, and al(b, as to the Breaking of Strings. Now, (uppofing you can find out ( readily ) every String, and
fo

^
Je^Jf
is

Fts
upon a
,

beft

^"te.

according to thofe Six Lines , as alfb, Siop every Letter by the fame Rule, your Work will be very Eajie 5 for you have only, ^i.r other Ranks of Strings to take Notice of, which have no other Trouble, or Vfe, than to be conftantly Struc^Open with
Frett,

-*'

your Thumb only. And you (hall Know, and DiflinguiJIj ___ xh&mThus vt%. They e.\QX jianding un<5?er f^oje Lines, and fo Mark^d'-^ as you ~ (ee by This Explanation. a -^d
',

-
"^

IT
"-:

^CL ^cL

,#e^

The Firft a, being called the

before It, the 8th 5 Fourth, with Three Dafties, the 10^^ and the Figure of 5 the 1 2th.

7th Strings the Second, with a Dafti the Third, with Two Dafties, the 9/^ ; the
,

the f 7^re of 4 the iithy

And, but that Cujiom has prevailed, to make Thofe Six Ranks of Strings Thus, I conceive. It might be much Better, and more Troper, to MarkThem, with Six Figures, Thus, viz. I. 2. 5. 4. 5. 6. However, there is no great matter in It 5 yet the Figures are both fooner Set, and fomething more Reafonable. By this time, I fiippole, you are (ufficiently informed in All thefe moft Necejfary Rudiments fo that me thinks I hear you fay, Pray Set, and Teach me a Lejfon 5 And indeed you are not far from It And for the Preparation of which, take Notice once more of your MuJic^Line, where you may fee the full order of all your 12 strings together,according as we conftantly ufe Them.
-,

And

'

^6
ja

The
a

Civil

'Pan

or.

a
:

_a

a
a.

^GL

^a

i^a

before you attempt any thing farther, vnxo them well \x\to your Haad, enter into All your former Exa& PoUures, viz. FirikJ/tting in an Vpright-Cemely-roflure ofyour Body, with your Lute well fet., and firmly fixt between your Brea^.^ and the Table-Edge, your Right Hand plac'd over the Bridge, your

And

^^

and taking your Lute

Little-Finger fet down in Its proper place, about the Treble Part of It, and y out Thumb Spann'dfrom It, to the Laji, or Twelfth String, (viz. The Figure of ^.^ from which place (by the advantage of the certainty of the Little-Fingers Place , being furely kept ) you (hall firft Prafice to hit all your Bafes, backwards, and forwards, in Order, and out of Order, all mamter of Crofs-ways, fo long, till you are affured of a ready Knowledge of each one , both by your Eye from your Book^, and by the performance o^ your Thumb which, (as I (aid before) if you do it not all well,inoe garter of an Hour, you will have cau(e to SufpeSt yottr felf of Doltifline(s.

But
time,

I (fu(pe61:ing

no fuch matter from you )

believe

by

this

you are

able to Hit every String readily.

I will

proceed, to (liew you the u(e of your Two FirH Fingers, the which will be about Juch a quantity ofTime^ in which you will have Them likewi(e Perfelt and Ready , to which purpole, fee here your Mnfcl^ Line again, which is an Explanation, by Letters and Line, of what I formerly told you, viz, Counting One^ Two, Three, Four, &c. yet ( with all ) there is an Addition of Time, or Proportion, by certain Notes, or CharaBers, (et over the Heads of the Letters, viz. Thus.

Therefore

now

J
4 Things obfervablein
1

J'
..

J
i

^
i

i"

aaaa. 0*

aaaaaaaa
1

aaaa aaaaaaaa
1

This Mufick
1

\a.a.cla

1 1

aaaaaaxia

I
1

Line,carfully

&C.-,
/

to be Noted,

irA

Fra&ifcd.

In
of.

Thk Line

there are

Things,

which you are to take notice

Firft,

Secondly,
Thirdly,

The Letters, and what Lines they Hand upon. The CharaSlers of Time, Uanding over the Heads of
The Fingering,
expre(s'd

ihofe Letters.

by tho(e

Pricks, underneath

The Dividing or Barring of Four, or Eight Letters, Explained Thus, viz. by thofe down-right Lines or Stroa^s, The ifi. 4 a'sy ftand upon the Treble String.

each Letter. Fourthly,

The

The Lute made

The

Eafte,

77
J!i,

chAraSter of Time, over the ifi. a, (hews, that the other 3. cCs are to be performed (every of them) as the i/?. is, for matter of Time, or Froportion and fo of the reft.

-,

Pricks underneath, ftand, to fhew, with what dinger you are to Strike each Letter, viz, Trvo Prides, fignifie the Second Finger, and One Frick^ the Fore-finger.
Laftly,

The

<^

The

the Evennefs,

Stifficiencji,

down-right Sttoak., ( or 'Bar, as we call It ) ftiews ox Obfervatiou, of a Ftttt Time, ( as I (hall

would have your comely and convenient Fosinres } with your Thumb Span'd out, and Rejiing, or Lying, with the End of It, upon fome of your Bajfes) ftrive to hit the \fi. 4, aV, as they
you
(^fitting, as I (aid,

here-after declare. ) And now (as to your practice from This Line, I
in
all

are there (et.

The
i

\ji.

a with

your

2<;/.

Finger:,

and the

2(^.

with your Fore-

finger.

( The which, is All you have to do : ) For ceive, the other Two, are but the fame repeated.

you may per-

Then ftrive to put 4 Together, as you fee in the i/?. Barr 5 and when you can put 4 Together, pritty readily, then ftrive to put 8, as Evenly as you can.
muft acquaint you with Thofe Chara&ers ftanding over the Heads of thoje Letters, which are of 2 feveral firts, as you may perceive, by their 2;4rwx)w-;!^x^ and They (^ with Come fiw more, which I (hall here (et you down in This next Mufick^ Line ) are of (iich Eminent Vfe, and Ne-

But before

proceed any

farther, I

manner of Mufick^, both Vocal, and Instrumental, that can be performed well, without the knowledge of them. JsSothing Therefore, (ee Them aU Here (et down together.
cejjity,

in all

Chap.

X.

Sembreve^ Minim,

Crochet,

Quaver, Semiqua^ver, Tlemiquaver.

Proportions, The meaning

T^He(e are the Chief mtes and charaUers,oC Muficl^s

-*

^^^ by which, (as they are placed, or (et over any Letters,m a Lef l^^^ " fon, ( as you fee in the foregoing Mufick, Line they are ) you may know of what ^antity,a.ny Note or Letter is, in your whole Lejfon, As for Example.

any Letter, (as there ftands one over the that Line afore(aid f,) you muft (ay, that That a is a firB a, in Crochet j and becaule there ftands nothing over the next aaa't,
If a Crochet ftands over

they

atse alfo

ofthe (ame ^antity with thefirfi a,

viz. all Crochets.

So

7S

The

Qiyil

Van

or,

So likewife there ftands a ^laver over the Fifth a. Therefore TAat a mufl: be calJed a ^laver : And the next 7 aaaaaaa s are therefore all gnavers, by thefime Rule : And fo likewife of all others. This is ftifficient to let you know the meaning, or ufe of Them.

Now I
Know
C

will

more

particularly let

you know

their Tsifferences^

in their Exadt Proportions^

and QuAntities.

therefore, {ifi. in general) that the firft Chara&er^ viz. the Semibreve ) is the Character of the Longeji Proportion,
is

And the Uli, (viz. the 2)e?/the Shortejl. _) And they are in Order, from the frjl (every one) but half As for Example. Jo much as the foregoing Note. I will Compare them to Money^ ( and mofi 'People will be reagenerally needful in Lute-Tlay:

quaver

dy enough to count them the better ( Ifuppofe ) for That. Suppofe therefore, that the iji. Note ( viz. the Semibreve ) be a Groat^ ( which is your Chiej Note, of Note. The CharaAnd becaule you muft ftill divide by Halfes, you'l (ay, That ftersof Time the Minim muft be but a Tvpo-Tence., The Crochet a Tenny, The Compared to Money, ^aver a Half-Tenny.^ and the Semiquaver ( which is the Lafi^ and ShorteJi^generaWy'mtiCe') aFarthiug. Trouble not your (elf, for the T)emiquaver^ till you have a quick Hand ^ It being half a Semiquaver. This is an Eafie^ and Tlain way 5 and in regard you have but Tive only to Trouble you, I (uppofe you will the more intently (irive to be able to underjiand Them, and be FxaU in performing Them 5 the which to do, I (hall put you infiich a way, that you cannot poffibly but be able to do Them in a veryftwrt time 'Ferfe&ly.

The

Definiti-

on of a Semibreve.

begin firft with the Semibreve, and give you Tts 'Definition according to Its General Vje, by which you will underftand
I

will

all

the

reft.

To the right nnderjlanding of which, you muft know. That

j^Il

in

Mufical 'Performances whatever, if they be done according to Art, tKey are done according to the Rule of Time-keeping, ( as we call It) which is ever obferved, and done by the Motion, either of Hand or Foot, during the whole time we either Sing or Flay.

Now, becan(e upon an Jnflrument, both our Hands are imployed, we muft therefore keep Time, with a Foot Which is to be done
:

with an Exa$ Cbjervation, in putting the Foot down and up, E~ qually , that is, to be Confiant to a True, and Even Motion^ with the Foot, down and up'.) like unto the Ballance of a good Clock. And the Be^ way to do it, is firft to be able to Count tht Number of 4, Evenly, viz. as if you were fuppos'd to Meafure every ! f , and not Thus, Count, with a pair of Compares ; Thw,
! !

\ \

nor any

way

unequally ;

by which Explanation,

(up-

NotewellThif

po(e you may underftand my Meaning, and is Thus C more plain' ly ) viz. ' Juft at your faying One, your Foot muf k^ock,, and re' main down, till you have counted the Word Two then, juft as * you (ay the Word Three, your Foot mufl rife, and continue up, till
->

you

1 he Lute made Eafe,

'

79
TfW

you have iaidthe lVordFom\ and then down again at the

thus muft yonr Foot conjlantly be in Motion^ ditiing One, ' your Tlaj^ and Fqnal/j dividing your T)ov>n from yonr Vp, Co

And

'
*

Fxa&lj, that not the

if

leaft

2)7^erecemaybeperceiv'd3 which,
firli.,

you will ever contimte It ^ but, if you be rcniifs in the beginnings you will ahvays after^ be ' to/certain, not only, to your orvn hindrance, but alio, to aU others^ * Tvho Tlay in Confort vpith you : Therefore jou cufinot be too fiall * Careful, till you have gain d your Habit, which will quickjy begot. And here you muft take notice, That Thofe 4 Counts, perform'd what h trie with your Foot , down , and up , is the Time, which we call a Tf(f ^|,!'f ^^ Semibreve, (viz. your Groat j ) (b that, if you obferve, you will perceive, in the performance of It, that you have perform'd both the Minim, ( viz. the Two Tence ) and the Crochet, ( the Ten^y) only with Tim TUffeyence--, That whereas you have made but Gne Seniibreve-^ you have made Tivo Minims and alfo 4 Crochets--) for the Minim, is only the TDovcn, or the Vp 3 and the Crochets are any Two of Thefe Counts, down, or up.
you
Carefully pra&ice at the
'
-,

'"'

Now
be,

here muft needs arife aQuejiion, v\z.

How long rmtji you

Hour, or

in Counting Thofe 4 Counts ? For you Two, ( more orlefs ) in doing of Them. And as to This, I ftiall direft you unto,

may be an

Two manner of Ways^ and both Good) the firft is This. f Let Thofe 4 Counts be fpoken 'Deliberately, viz. as a Man would (peak C ravely, or Soberly^ and not Hajiily, or Huddlingly ; yet
not T)rawlingly, or 'Dreamingly
3

but in an Orderly Familiar way

of Speaking.

And This is one very Good fVay, of laying a Notion into your Head, of fome kind of Certainty, in Meafuring your Time ; and with a little TraUice, you will gain a Readinefs^ and Familiarity unto It : Yet There is a Better, and more Certain Way, than This., which I will (hew you, after Firft,! have given you a View of your Mufick, Chara^ers, as Here they are (et down, with Their Explanation.

///-i^ ///J^
W^ "V^ ''W
*

.
J.

''V*'

^
J,

V^ I'W

/J^// j^J^// WM -\r'

_/
j.
J>
J)
.

J)

J,

J>

^-v-*

'V^rf

./VN

'-V^

V"

Obferve i^ere, in the Loweji Tlace, ftands the Setfiibreve, ( or Groat) marked Thus (0) In the next place above It , ftands Two Minims, ( o\Two
Twopences ) V!\zx!^6.Thus (^^^')

Over

8o
Over Over
The///,

The
77jez?/,ftand

Ciyil

an

or.
(

Crochets (or 4.Tence') marked Thus

Fight Quavers^

{0x8 Half Tefice ) marked Thus

J J J J)

And next above Them, at the Top of all, ftand 1 6 Semt^ttavers, (or \e Farthings) mark'd r/^w/ (/^// j^/// //'//) Thefe Five CharaUers, arc ^Zi' you need to trouble your felf to take notice of., only fometimes you will meet with a

////

"Priciid Note, Thus, (q.) or Thus, ( ^.)Vms, ( j. ) or Ths, J*. ) which , whenfbcver It happens, You muft know, That ( That Note, if Jiigmented in Quantity ^ half fo much as it rvas hefirej

a Trichid Semibreve, is made Three Minims 5 a Tricfi^d nim, Three Crochets ; and fo of the reft. The which I ihall plain here following, in the next Chapter, more particularly.
C7Z,.

MiEx'

Chap. XL
An
InfalliWc Rule, how to

keep Time
ivell.

proceed to the enabling of you to perform your Time, and by a moft FxaB , Eafie, and Infallible JVay>, which (hall be as a Touch-ft&ne, to try whomlbever (hall pretend to keep Time, the moU Exactly 5 and it is Thus. Take a Bullet, ox any RoundTiece, of what weighty thing you pleaje, to the weight of half a Tound, or a Tound, ( more or Icfs) and faUen It, to the End of a Tack^thread,ox any other Siring, Jong enough to reach the Top of the Seiling of the Room, in which you intend to Tra&ice. Then faftcn the End of the String upon Come Nook^, or Nail, to the Top of the Seiling, Co, as the Ifeight may well-nigh touch the bottom of the Floor 5 and when this is done, fet It to jvorX, after

N'

'Ow

will

this

manner,

vjz.

Take
Room,
jiour
' '

the Weight

m your

lifting It lb high as
^

Hand, and carry It to one fide of the you can reach ; then let it fill out of

and you ihall observe, ' That This Jf eight, rcill keep an Exa&^ True Motion of Time, forveards, and backp>ards, for an
FJand

Flour or
'

Two
It

together.

A ftfange Secret of
tlie
'

And

that although, at every Return, It ftrikes aJJjorter

Com-

Pendenr.

did the Time before 5 yet it keeps the former Exa^ ' 'Proportion, (for Fength, or Qjtantity of Time) Infallibly : Yea, ' when It makes Co little a Motion, as you can fcarcely perceive It ^ move^ It Then gives the felf-fame Meafure, (for Quantity') as It did ' at frji : The which'is a pritty firange thzi/g,yet moft (Ter/^iw^And * Eafly provd, by any. ' Now I Cay, having found out, fiich an Jffttrd Time-keeper, as ' This is, Let it be your TiireUor^ in all your Curious ^Private Trapafs, than
'

^ices.
'

Howtomake
nfe of This

'

Verfe ft
keeper.

Time-

would have you make ufe of It, viz,- when you have fet it to Work ; Firft, Sit, and Obferve It in Its Motion, ^ WeU'-y and tak^ good Notice, of the Proportion of Time It Brikes : * And here you muft know, That according to the Length, or

And

thus, I

Shortnefi

The Lute made

Eafie,

8i

Shortnefs of the Strings It will have a Slower^ ox ijiickcr I^Iotion. Therefore a Lo7!g Strhig is Eefi to Tradfice with, at firfi^ and

^/-""^'

'^^''^

Length, as will allow you to G//;?/' /^/le Nnfffbcr oj 4, jr/?^ (as before I hinted you to) in Aj- H?^<;/e Courfe^ viz,. Beginning to Count, One^ jujk with the Turn^ and meet It with the Count Three^ at the next Return--^ and (b Counting, ( with Its Motion ) 0e, Troo^ Three^ Fotir^ Fxa&lj^ in the time of Its coming., and going ; and to be able, 'FtwBuaUy^ ftill to meet the next Return^ with the like County is the V/orl^ I ivould and, fo long, till yow advife you toTra&ice veell^ along with It
(iich a

rraftice ^^ith.

'jDcUheration.y

'-y

perceive you have gain'd an Indifferent good Halit, in thk manWhich, after ner ofTime-keepng, with your Tongue.^ and Toot. you can confidently do, by the Order of 4, (in which is included, Crochets^ Minims, and Semibreves _) and perceive your

JelfPerfe^j Then adventure to Count 8, viz. Quavers--;, byKumbring ^.to the 'Down, and 4 to the Vp--^ Always remembring to he Extreamly Careful, to begin your Firji Count, Ju^ irith the Beginning of the Swings Turn.^ or elfe you will faile much, and do
yvurfelfno good.

This undertaking, you will find a necejfify to Count, and ^^^^ ^\^^-> Tlay,jufi fo faB again, of you did before:, the. which will be Nimble, and pritty difficult to perform, at the fir U 5 yet foon overcome, with good Care-^ and (b well, that by This "TraSl ice, you will be brought to have an Exa6l Motion, of True Time-Keeping j which is one of the moji Nece/fary, and Main Things, in Mufickh ejpe daily for a Beginner to k^ow, and Endeavour after. ' And indeed, there is a General Fault, in This Tarticular., in moU Terformers ; yea, in Majiers Themfelver : When in Playing of 'Divifions, they come to Sub-divide, ( upon a Flain Song., or a Ground J They ( Generally ) arefubjeSt to Breaks Time, and ( mofl what ) to T'lay too Faji. ' And Here, a Man might venture to lay a GoodJVager, That Howrobeafthere is Jc^r^e/j' One j^rtiji, ( of the FJigheB Form ) amonz^Ten, lured, to win (Imean, a Very Ma^er ) thatflmllbe able to keep an ExaB True gefeffc^od Time, C by This Infallible Ride ) for 20 Semibreves together, ( FJis Artifl, if it ^'^'"^ lajtd, BacJ^being Turned towards the T'endent, for That Time. 'Ifpeak not Thk, to difparage any Alajier, or other j But only, becaufe I know, It is fo very Critically-Nice, and Hard to be Per'

And

in

to

formed.

now again, you mull: know. That, although incur FirU Vndertakings, we ought to Brive, for the tnoji ExaB Habit, of Time-keeping, that poffibly we can attain unto, ( and for (everal good Reafons ) yet, when we come to be Majiers, fo that we can command all manner of Time, at our own F'leafurei we Then
'

But

-,

take Liberty, ( and very often, for Humour, and good Ad.ornmentfake, in certain Places ) to Breaks Time 5 fometimes Fajier, and

fometimes Slower, as
' *

quires,

w6 perceive, the Nature of the Thing Rewhich often adds, much Gr^te, andLuUer, to the ^erleajl Liberty,

formance. ' But, This ought not to give the

M.

( to Toung Be' gi77ncrs )

) i

8z
*

The
ginners

Ciyil

Tart

or.

) to

ne^lelf their Chiefeji Endeavottr, after the

moU Ex-

'

a&: vpay)

of True Time-keeping.

Thus, having prompted you, to the very Befi way of learning, to l^ep Time^ Truly ^ and as but yet, only with your Tongue^ and Footif I now would have you try, to perform fome (uch Counts, ( with your TraBice ) in fbme Leffon^ upon your Inflrnraent. And at firft, your Befi Way will be, to take your laft Nujick^ Line, which I let you, ( and is Uere again renerced to your view-^ and enable your felf to Jirike all thofe Letters, along with your Swing, according as I have T)ireUed. But ifi.yon muft take notice oi^ the Trices, fiandingunder each Letter j which are tofignifie, with what Finger each Letter \s to be ^ruckj) viz. 2 Tricks, (hew the 2d. Finger, and one Tricky, the
Firjl, as

was (hewed before.

j'

J
I

i*

J
1

aaaa aaaaaaaa
I

aaaa aaaaaaaa
\

,^
:

I I

aaaa' aaaaaaaa "

i 1 1

f
1

I
I

)__
I

therefore, go back to your TraUice, of Time-keeping again, and try with your Swing, Hand, and Foot together:, ana enable your lelf, to tirik^ Thefe Letters, tvith True Fingering, (fb

Now

workof'the

Right Hand.

Even Proportion of Time and fo long Prayou perceive, you can Readily, and Familiarly do ctice Them, Them, with your Swing , The v/hich will be one of your Greateji "Difficulties in Lute-Tlay, and the Chiefefi Work of your Right Hand.
fet ) in

a Jufi, and
till

'-,

This being done, I (hall proceed to (liew you, how to Tune And as to That, you muft take notice. There are diyour Lute vers firts of Ltite-Tunings, (as there are alfb Viol-Tunings. ) All which, when you have gained an Ability, of Good TLty in This
',

One, (which I (hall here (ct you,) you may very Eafily ( of your felf) be able to Tune, and Tlaji, in any of the Refi, at your
Tleaftre.

>

Therefore, for your Befi Trofit, and Advantage, I ihall fet you down, in This Mufic\Line, That Tuning, which I FJieem The very Befi, among the French Tunings, (as they call Them) or the late New Tunings > and is the Lafi, and Neweif, Excepting onAnd becaule I FJieem It, and fay it is the very Bejiof ly One. Them JU 5 I (hall mo(t Tlainly Denmifirate It, fo to he, to the Reafons, and Judgments of All Men, before I End This Work

CHAR

The Lute made Eafie.

85

Chap.
a
'S^_a_
ij__CL
71

XII.
_
II

The Tuning
,

of the Lute,

a
s
a.

a
^

..

II

rErronioudyJ
called, the

'd

.<P

^a

-TTn /U.

a. ^n ^tt

-^

'<

II

Vlat'Tuning,

r'

II

^c. The Bed oi Frtneh-n.

nings.

Enoniouny) the FUt-Freftch-Tmzing but might more properly go under the Name of Sharp both in Reference to the TmiNg of the Three iji. Ranks of the X)iapafons,
His
is

called, (

-^

-,

Rearons,for ^^e calling of

iJsZ'^rF^"^'

(beginning at the i2//j. String':^) as alfb the Three iji. Ranks of Trebles By which Obfervation, we may ( more Reafonably ) TermaTuning^ Flat, or Sharp.But 7y&/Visnot fo fit Dilcourfe mThis Tlace, for my Toting Therefore I will break it off, at prefent, and inform Scholar him, how to Ttme his Lute ^ This waj : As for Example. If you would learn, n>ell, to Tune your Lute, It is to be (uppos'd, that you kpovp an ZJnifon, 3^ 5^4 and ^th : Or el(e you m\x{\learn/fo to do'-, and then take notice, oi Thofe Letters, (et in the laJlMuJfck^Linej which (how, Thzt every String, muftbe an Vnifon to the next, under, or above It, as I have there fet them down 5 only the Bajjes^ and their Graves, muft be an Eighth, to each other-) and all the reft of the "Double Strings, (which are Equal in their Siz.es ) muft be Vnifons, one to the other. This will be fufBcient, for you to know, as concerning Timing your Lute and a little VJi, will make you Ready at It. I will now ftiew you, the further u^ of your Right Hand.
-, -,

'

i"

i
i

^
i

i
;

^
j

aaaa aa aaaaaa
l_l_l
I
.

l_l_IJ
I

aaaa
'
I

-j-iig

further

agggjagag,! ^VT7-7-|
I ( I

I
:

{?

I<P

16"

1^

^.

1^

J~ l/P

ufeof the Right-Hand-

You fee Here, ftill , the fame Line you had, before ; only I have added (^xxwAqx every firfi of a'D&rm, and firfl of anVp ) a Bafs, which muft be ftruck, together, with the very fame Letter, at the very fame time ^ with the Thumb ( which at the firft, will ieem a little troubleibmej yet (bon gain'd, or overcome. Your iji. Rule holds good, in both Thumb, and Finger'-, for your Thumb muft refi- upon the next String, but your Fi?zger not, but pick, Mp. And your General Rule is, always, to ftrike -a Single Bafs, and Treble, vpith your Thumb, and 2d. Finger Remember, to ftop the (e) with your Fore-finger, and hold It fo fiopt all the Time, till you have Tlayd the whole Line'^ and when you can do Itpritty readily, Then TraBicn it with Time^ by your
)

Swings

84
Sroing^

The Qyil Van

or.

Hand, and Foot, as you did, with the Singh L 7e, laft before (et you ; The which, in half an hours time, will be ^om. own, tollerably well But, at 2, ox fuch half hours, ExaUly-y and Then you are in a tJigher Form, and with Good "De:
'2,

firt.
'

Next, Learn the Ord^r, ^nd Fingering ofyour Left Hand,

ThuS'

Chap.
J
J'
)

Xill.

aJ?^J?

a/f7>/Pia.<?'?)6^a
I

iIax37rljaji50rija_ti^_c_a_J
J
I

II

^1

But

befoi'e

you touch the

Firfi Letter

(a J upon

the

'2d

J>n^/^,Remember tolay your7y6;//^ upon the La!} Bafs,(\vhich is to "be ftruck, the laft Note of the 7d. Barr ) that it may be both in Readinefs, and ReBing fome where, ( as always it muft
be.)
The moft Comely Poflure of the

Left Hand, Carefully to

be Obfcrved.

Then, (having prepar'd your Right Hand ) bring up your Left, ( your Fingers ftanding HoUomf, And. Rottnd ^ and of an EqitalLjifiance (as the Talknts of ah Harv^-, ) which is the moft Comely, and Vfefd Topire, for that Hand to be in. Yet Noting, That your Left Thmb, ftand not Bending, but Strait out 5 Then, placing That Thumb a little above the (e) Frett, underneath the AW^of the Z^e, fb that your Ftfre-/ger, may
'

ftand juft over the Letter (<P,) upon the 7d. String, Pick up the Letter (a,) with the 2^/. Finger of your Right Hand, and then be ready to ftop down (<?,) with the Fore-finger of your Left

Hand, and fo ftrike It, or Pick It up, with your It is Marked ) of your Right Hand.

2d. Finger,

( as

Then
Finger,

holding
it is

it ftillftopt )

ftop the Letter

it,

f^J with

the Tip
.

ofyour Little Finger, and fb ftrike

( as

or pick

It

up, with your 2d.

marked.

In This Little doing well, a Great-way is

gain'd in LutePlay.

Thefe 4 Letters only, Praftice fo long as you pleafe, ( 20, 30, or 40 Times over ) till you have gained an ExaB Habit in doing Them ; And in which doing, you will have gained, an Exceeding Great-way into Lute-Tlay : Yet taking Notice, That when you come to the 3^. Barr, ( which fhews the work of the ^d. String ) you are not to keep your Thumb above the (/P) Frett, (as I formerly gave Direftion) but plant it (according
to the Reafonabknejs of the Worl{^) a Frett lower. And fo you muft ever move It, ( as occafioa requires.
)

Then

The Lute made

Eafie,

S^

Then, when you perceive, you can ^mThofe 4 AW/ together, Trulj^ and Readily 5 proceed to the reft, as you find Them prick'd down 5 and Endeavour to Play Thew^ as you did the ^'rji Four, (for all the Reft, muft be ftop'd, as Thofe 4 were, ( ^ja: with
theFirJi,

and

Little Finger.

And //ere take

by

notice,

) of One very Great

'

|..

"Piece

of Care, which

all means, you muft now ( at Firji ) Ohferve : For fear of snil/ Hahitj which is ^ That //er your Stopt Note^ (whatever it may be) you are

That Finger^ vehich yon laji Stopt., until necejjitji reas cither to give quire, or that you find fbme Reafonabk Caufe way, for fome other Letter, ( as your (<P) here mw^igive way, for C'^) to found, (in your coming back) or elfe, for that you are to ufe. That lajl Stopd Finger, in fbme other Neceffary Tlace-^ Therefore take notice of This, for a General Rule, ( both in Lttte, and Viol-'Tlay ) That you never tal^e up any Stopt Finger, ( after you have ftruck^ it ) till you have fome neceffary Vfe ofIt, or that your holding of it fo Stopt, niay he inconvenient for fome other performance And when you do remove, ( or unftop It ) let it be fi ziery little from the String, as One can fcarce perceive your Finger, to have unjiopt It which Cujiom, v/ill teach you to Play Clojc^ and Quick:, Neat, and Fine : But if (on the contrary) at the Firft, you ufe your felf, to Liji, or Tofs your Fingers f^igh, ( as too many ufe to do) you fhall never Play Bandfimly, Quick or
ftet to

take

tip

Qp

l^

Ecfl General ^"'-^^ for Finfn

""Lutei^oT

"Vioi-Play.

:,

Well.

compare fuch Tojfing-Fingerd-T layers ^ to Blind'Uorfes, v/hich always lift up their Feet, Highef than need ^':) and fo by that means, can never Run Faji or with a Smooth Sveiftnefs: It is therefore, both Commendable, and Troftable, to Tlay Clofe ; fb that in doing much, you feem to take little, or no pains; and in fo doing, you cannot but do Neatly, Nimbly, and Well: But if in your Beginning, you get an ///, or Falje-Habit, yon will fcarcely ever bei^ef/^z^/e.:/; which is (iniici^d ) One main Caufe, of fo many Bad ^Performers, and the L ute's ^ifcredit 5 either, in tiiat Majiers have not an Ffpecial Care, in the
-

us'd to

Tofs not your Fingers High,

Beware of an
ll-Habic,ac

i/?. Entring of their Scholars, or that Scholars are not Jngcnioujly Obfervant, to Pra&ice, ai they are T)ireUed. Thus have I been Long, in (hewing you a Little, viz,, to Per-

form the Laf Line-., yet think you \t not Long, hwthePatient to overcome It, and you will ( by That Time be able to do a Jj Great-Deal, with Eafe. Here follows the Natural Formation of all the Stopt Strings, \vt thefe 5 following MufickrLinest, which if you can once do, A^thing can be

Hard for you, and

'tis

but One

Half hour's Work,

86
j*

'

TheCiVilTan

or.

aT'^r

ardr
3
I

TAe For/ation of the Treble Strwg. ar(bs a r<Ls__hsjjS__sh kh_khSi^_rjLs r ..-

J
e^c

I34|
I

iit|.4iit|is^.3|434?|'34M
1
I

M
I

T
_|

I
I

)
I

__l
I

1^

Gain the ForTreble

String^,

And here take notice of thofe figures, which ftand under e^t^^ Letter^ and are to diredt you, with what F/V;^fr you muft ftop
each
Letter'-, viz^

and you have

the

i(i. 2cl.

^d. or

J[th.

Finger^ according to

Gain'dAU.

^^^ Figures.

Now, you

muft endeavour. To make This Line ExaBly Tcr-

feSf upon your Fingers, juft as

you

(ee It {et.
te

And the
aice the

Ouickeji,

and Bell way

do

it- is 3
f,

Firfl;

only to Pra-

ifi.

Letters, 20, 30, or

^w^L^L ready aptitude,

40 times or fo long, till you to performThem Equally.) and Lvenly,at your

Command..

No

String

recdfuitobe fomucjiftopble String.

Then do the lik to your next Four 5 and fo from 4 to 4, till you have gain'd Them All And in This one Line doing, you ^'^^^ ""^^'^ ^^'^" gain'd the doing of ^// the other Hop d Strings.:, as you may plainly perceive .by their (landing, (there being fo much, any *5>r/^, as the Treble j^Q neceffity of (topping
,

'ifring.

The Formation of the Second String.

.-F

J
'

a^Ts (?_\jj. ."..

..

1
i
I

'f^

<y

g^J

b
I

y h~y
..
.

.f
.

h y h
..
, ..

.f
.
I

h y

.f

h
I

y
..

nII ^

4^-'l

113|4341|343l|34'3l4
I

..

II

'

String , is very feldom , (b much ftop'd, ( nor is it becaufe (a) upon the Treble, takes the id. String off^ needful j ) at the Letter (?),) from any Necejfity of Ufe; only fometimes, for Conveniency of Fingering, &c. we Play, or Prick the fame Tones, upon the id. which otherwile belong, properly^ to the Treble : Or fometimes, when the Treble String is Broke, you may

The

id.

make
id.
p

good (hift, to Play many String, by thefame Rule.

a

Leflbns, ( without It)

upon the

The Third String's Formation.

*==-*

=-^

:
;

-I'-^l-'y

?~

4(343l|
I

..

...

...... 1...... i......

4Z4|14^IJI
I
1

i..

'4

is the whole order of the ^d. Sti-ing: And as the Tretook the id. off, at the Letter ('Bijfodoth the id. take ble This 0% at the Letter (<!l,3) fo that there is no neceffity of (lopping

This


The L ute made
pmgThis
Striffg^'Any further

Eafie.
thc^

87
fame Rea-

than

((^,)

except for

jbns aforefaid.

]>
I

The
I
1

^th. Strings Formation.

I I

J
J
)

11

\Z
I

I_

^1

I
I

12412.4111

422/1
I

I2|4
I

2~I

2^

II
II

the whole order of the ^th. Strings and more than needs, hy vinch^ becaufe The ^d Strings generally takes the ufe o^Thk off^at the Letter ("?))

This

is

fil
i
\

The

"yth.
l

Strings Formation.
I
I

L
J
I.
._
'

__ 121

IJ
I

I
.

IJI

124

134

12

4^4

242a

II

^^

This is the whole order of the 5^^. String ; the ^th. taking It offy at the Letter (i^.) The 6th. Strings needs no Explanation^'mthn It is feldomjhpt^

beyond the Letter

(in^

This I think fully fufficient^ to give you the ExaU Information^ concerning the whole Fingering of the Lute^ as to Single Stopping. It oniy jcemains for you, to acquaint your (elf, with the Ready Vfs of evSrj Strings as It is Thus ordered j ( the which will loon be don:- ) and Then, vou will proceed, with much Cheerjulnefs., and T/elight^ to the Full-Stops^ which are not many, fior at All Fiard^ but very Familiarly Eajie^ and Natural^ for the Band. But before I proceed to Them^ I will make Terfelt^ all your Work, Thus far^ as we:<have gone. Therefore, tak& notice, of This next Muflck, Line--, which is the -very fame I (et you a Jitde before, only I have added to It, jfbrae Bajfes^ orT)iapafons'-, and if you forget not my former 'Direcfions^ I doubt not, but you will Play It, ztthe fr!i fight.

g <p ?> 6i_i_^.j ^d<^ ....

I
I

(XT)
.

.f

.1

y h y
.

.f

V h
.
. .

.f
.

hV 'j
. ..
I

h
.

i I

J_J J

U L_U
!

^a
There being no

^a<f^a^a

-^a

difficulty, in the Playing of Thk, the Treble, or upper part, being (as Ifaid) the fame you had a little before; only ftrike the Bajjes, with Thofe Trebles, you lee let under Them.

GHAP.

The

Ciyil

'Pan

or.

Chap. XIV.
Seven Hand-

fom

Leflons,

or Pr^ludi-

ums, follow.

I have given Sufficient TireSfiofts^ as to the whole Order of the Lute^ \w Reference to Single-fUy, I fnould therefore proceed, to inform you the way towards oA%tU-Tlciy : But, becaufe you fhall be more TerfeU in This^ ( by which means, the next, will be much more Fa(ie ) I will, here following, (et you down 7 Trludes^ ( in each Key One ) which (hall ferve you, as fo many handfome LeJJons, upon any after occafion, in any One of the 7 Keys. The ijt. fliall begin here, in C-fa-ut-Key.

Hitherto,

'-,

The

ift.

Lejfonjjeing

a.

Traludiumfor tbe Hand in C-fa-ut-Key.

"I
1

I
I

i_4

14141
6'

'

I
\

a
'

ar
"a

<t

^""al^^ZiZSSaj^ZS^
5

4^a
231
11

<^a

^a
r ar ~'

a
(L-r d-

_
6>
7i

-nr

_ar

-^a^a
ThisFl
a Leffon-^ All the other were only i?^^//!?/^^^/, and further ufe, than to give you Infight^ Thus far : Therefore, you have made your intended ufe of Them, leave them,
call
Zf/Ti?///

of no

when

and adhere to your

This
Key you Play
in,acanyTin.e,

only.

may

ferve you, as a Tr^lude, at

any time

upon This

\:^i:;A.Key,h^mgc^\\AC-fa-ut-Key.

.,, ^ farther. It will ^ very needful, be proceed any ^ ^ the True^ and ExaU Performance^ of ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^ovl^ make fure of This LeJJon^ in every TnnStilio--) For it will profit you Extreamly

Now,

before

much

1 he

JLute made Eafte.

S9

mch^ (b to do 5 and if you do notThis well., you will be 'Deficient^ in many Things : Therefore take Patience unto you, and Examine^ every Barr., in the whole Lejjon. The Numkr o Barrs^ a:ce 16, and every ^<?rr, has juft <?e Jemibreve^ in
It.

take notice, that in the iji. Barr, are 8 Qjtavers, (which, you know, makes a Se mi breve : ) In the Playing of which, ( before you attempt the ftriking of thejirji Stroak^) you muft be fure to provide^ or make preparation for the 3 Notes folFirft then,
is (6') upon the Sixth, and the Figure 5, (being the lai Bajs'-, ) both which, muft be jiruck^^ at the fame time, with the Thumb, and 2d. Finger. But ^amTreparation,mvS\. be 7^^,z;zz,.Havingftopt the(^)with ^n Fxpla ilanathe End ofyour Fore-Jinger,znd made ready your Right Hand^yon tion of ah muft take the 9 following Letters, into your Confideration, ( be- f^^^j ^fn'the' fore you ftrike the firft ftop ) and fo make ready your Z ittle Fin- foregoing Lef-

lowing (atleaft.) Tlie firft Stroak,

gcr,

by

fttting

it

clofe

over the Letter

fo/juickj, as

you pleafc j And being in this ready Tofiure, ftrike the ijl. ftop, but take not up the ({?,) till you come to the lajl Not? of that Barrj nor (TiJ till you come to the lafl (^0 ^Y which means, the ftops will be ^//

you may

readily flop

h down,

f^J by

which means,

Gr"eat^"ood ufc to a Be8'e"-

ready

and the

Th/^f holding

of your Letters

fiopt, all the while,

will give a

very Fine Sound,

or Qingle, beyond

any other way of

The
firft Barr Explained.

Tlay.

Thus, ( having Explained the \jl. Barr _) when you perceive you can put them together Readily, and Tndy 5 Practice them over, 20, 30, or 40 times, before you attempt a Note farther 5 and then, undertake the id. Barr ; Rcmembring, to obferve all the fame TiireUions, as you did in the \fi. Barr, vjz. Always
prepare for the enfuing Notes, before you flri^e the Firji Note of any Burr'-, then take up no Slopt Finger, till need fo require for any
,

ftopt Finger, remaining

ftill

upon

Its ftop,

gives

you

a better ad-

vantage, than if

were taken off, as being a fure Guide, to any other flop following ; and by This Habit, or Culiom, your Hand will have a kind of affured Knowledge, and Aptitude, to reach from place to place. Certainly. Whereas, on the contrary, when the Hand is loofe,and off, from several Benethe flops. It is uncertain, andczunot he aj/urd to flop, (bperfelly fits of holding well, as by that other Habit, without takingyour Eye offyour Book,-, fiopt^'tifuhefe which often proves very prejudicial but by This n^^j' of Praffice, be need of its you fhall fuddenly gain the way, to Play without any Trouble ^e'^^eof looking upon your Fingers, or otherwife j the which, is both Commendable and very Beneficial ) for It will quickly make a Ready-Hand, and moU Neat, and Curious Tlay And, ( befides All which) fbmetiraes It is of Abfolute Neceffity , (in reference ThisPuranio to the fir iCi Rules, and Laws of Compofition ) that fuch a Note, "s Explained ought to be held fiopt, and founding, fo long, till fuch a Number vSll^V'''^ of Notes, (following) are all performed as upon occafion, in your ^"i. farther Proceedings, I (hall explain, by fome Examples.
it
'.,

This

po
This

The
Ttifi&illio,

Ctyil

Van
It is

or.

I fiandvery much ufon, and

my

Scholars, becaule I

know.

fo would I have All of moSi Excellent Vfe^ both in

Lfite,

and Viol-Tlaylaft

Barr, fave one, the $th. Letter of that Barr^ is a (t-) upon the 4?^. Strings and has before it a little Tw^j^, >< Cowma^ Thus ( j) which is the Mark of a Grace^, in Play, which we call a Backjfallj and if you can do It, in This place, you
In your
) in any other place, upon the Lute. to perform It, is Thus, viz. If you remember, ( according to my General Rule ) that the precedent Letter ("^i-,) is to remain ftopt, till you come to ftrike This Letter (rj you will find, that the Backfall, will be very you are to know that ) to make aBac^ eafie to perform ; for,
will

do It, ( upon occafion

Now, how

Explanation fall of a Back-fall,

you are always to ftrike the Trecedent L etter, (vihich upon the fame String ) inftead of That Letter, which is to ftands be BackcfaWd) with your Right Hand, and not at all to ftrike the Letter It felf ^ yet you muft make It found, by your LeftHand Finger, (fo (bon as you ha.VQ i\x\xckthQ Trecedent Note )
Bight,

byJliaking Jtfrem That Ca,)

This
firft,

(fiflruck^) into the (r.) the Nature of all Back^falls, viz. They ever partake of ^hat Tone, either of a half Note, or a whole Note, next
is

By' the Well-

Learning of This Leffon, allfuchLeffoBs are Lear-

(according to the^zre of the Leffon, or Key. This laft Saying, viz. according to the Aire of the Key ) will be aMyJiery to you, at prefent^ but I (hall take a Rtter time, and place, to Explain It m-^ In the Interim, let It not trouble you. and I will now make an End, of (he wing you This Leffon there is only the laft Barr of it to fpeak to, in which is a Full the firft part of it, is to be ftruck with a Bailing, or Stop Bri/Jf.iing-Jlroak_, downrvards, by the Thumb, immediately after you have ftruck the (6^) upon the Sixth 5 and the laft 4 Letters in one Stop, Raked over, with your Fore-finger, upwards, all at once ^ but ftrivc to Rake Them fmoothly, and neatly 5 or (to fay better) onhjiroak, them all over Gently, or Lovingly, from the uppermoft, to the undermoft, and Then the work is done 5 but be fure to ftop Clean, ( as we ule to Term It ) fb that one Finger hinder not another. By this plain Direftion, I ftippofe, This LefTon is your own ; and like wife, (together with It) ^U other fich Singh Leffons I mean Single , becaufe there is only Exprefs'd a Bafs, and a
alcendini^,
:,

ned.

Treble.

What is injurious to a

Now, becaufe it is fet down Figures for

a great Trouble for the Majier, always to Fingering, as alfb, a Greater Injury to the

Learner.

Scholar to Expel Itffox the'Cuftom of It keeps Him in Ignorance) lb th^t He learns without any Reafon, Rule, or Skill 5 only, becaufe It is fo Markid, or Figurd for Him, ) 1 will therefore ( to cut off all fuch inconveniencies on both fides) give an Jf-

->,

furd-General-Rule for Fingering, with E-xamples to confirm the fame. Firft therefore, Let the foregoing Memento , be ever had in Mind, when you are to Play a Leflon, at firft-fight, (" viz. ) before

The Lute made

Eafie.

^i

fore you attempt to flop, or ftrike the firft Note of any Barr, a General, he Jure to view the whole Barr, and obferve how the Notes ftand, R^je^forx" one ^(^/-i//^ from another, Then order the Fingering/"* Stop,
frfi

withfuvh
till

a Finger, or Fingers,
firji Barr you may.

as

maybe held flop d, (if you can)

the "^^^^^^
*"
*

^^^^

he performed,

or further (if v/ithout inconvenience)

ple,

This Rtde alone, will almojl do the whole Bufinefs as by Exam5 you may perceive very much, in This next Leffon, which is ^TrlndemT)-fol-re-Key.

Chap. XV.
/
r

The id. Tr<elHde in D-(bI-re.

4
1

i_i

2,

zi

141

141

a.

n
_i
^
<

r
J_J
I

\~iP

/?a

LZ

a^ a

/P

F^

'
I

" /^ <^ !_i_i_i___i___i_.

rgr

JT^
I

^tt^'^g

-^g

^ ^'"^^' ^''*' ^"^ both the letters may be This LefTon very conveniently, till the whole 4 ^^rr ^e /;/r)9r- fn'^P'r'tv'?' ^^'' the holding of which vou have an ^hCnlutT . /^e^i r ^'' ^^ ^^ ^" abjolHte certarnty of means, one n ^\^:- J Tc n F.^m;;^ for all the reft of That Barr, without the leaft doubt ''"'''''' For by holding the firft ftop ftop'd, your F.r.-/:.^e., and littlefer, will naturally ply, or take ^p and t^. So that if vou were blwd-fold, you could not tell well how to mifs Them ; efpecially after you have wonted your Band aJittle to that order by /which " ' Babit a ' IS loon gain'd.
''
">

T"u ///? held /^/)

m

fp^^

In the id. Barr, (^)

vohole Is arr be performed.

may very

conveniently be held,
i(i.

till

the

you rm^^e. But, in the Flavins of thofe f ^t f^^'^^'-^^etoie ria yiug OT tnoie 4 Letters, observe a Ar o u- u t? both for the J?.V>6^, and "V^S ':,CY"'^^"'^^'^^"'g^^^") '^ J-ep Hand, Thus.
/ /

In the ^d. Barr, you can but perform the

4 Letters before

Note
This
^"'^-

well,

New

you

(^) Thumb, Fore"PO" the ^, a, and r, as if """J^^'f^"'^ vnl '^if intend to ftrike I I'"^a\ you did Them dl
together
2
5

Stop the ^ and the r, ^^^A together, at the Came time, as did intend to Tlay them at the time, both together fame Then, (before you ftrike the lay on your
I'hen,

if

when both

yOyj,

^z
How to draw
anrnot w"*^'
Knock, or

The
Eafie to pick

Civil 'Part

or.

fhcLuteas

foomanydo.

your Hands are in Thiy Readmefi, you will find it, not only very them up, one after another, (as they muft be ) in their due proportion , but alio they will yield a far more Curious ^''^' t^^" ^^ ^o" ^"'^ C ^s moft do ) Jiab upon Them, at a Venture, (the which I call Knocking, or T)ruming upon the Strings-^) But This way I call. Feeling your Strings, before you (bund Them,' and IDravping a Sweet Sound from the Lute 5 which is fb very Conquerable, as any performance you can make upon your Inftru"ment.

There is yet one little ^unUilio, which I mnfl: acquaint you with, before I leave the(e 4 Notes, viz.. The firft Letter (^) is a Bafs, and therefore to be ftruck with your Thumb , yet in this
muft not be ftruck, as other Bajfes, ( vi%. Reiiing your Thumb upon the next String ) according to the General Rule ^ ) becaufe, if you (hould do Jo here, the Refting of your Thumbs would hinder the next following (a) (upon the /[th. String) from Sounding Readily h (b that you muft give that (^) a little j[^jji ^p^ and caft your Thumb, beyond the End ofyour io'^-e-finger^ without Rejling'-) and lo it Will do Very Well. This I call Cloje-Tlay 5 And mJllfuch Cafes, when you have Clofi-TUy ( with your Thumb, and Fingers, Co very High together, (as Here you have) you muji do foj otherwife, ever Re t your Thumb. TheWQyXi^.'LtX.t.txso^ This Barrjlxkcv/'iCe prepare ox, together^ with both Hands, before youftrike the firft Note, and then Play Them Evenly, and Eqjially, as you did the other 5 only Here you muft Refl your Thumb 5 This not being accounted Clofe-Tlay, becaufe you have a String, or Two, between the Tfmmb, and the
place
It

The General
Kuie of the
tradifted,and ' >vhy?

and

Us'^Cer-^'

tain Rule,

Treble.

Order, perform the whole Ze)f(? through, and ThisiaftEx- <////c/j //^e/f^^J in the world, as you meet With. ampie.isaGeThis Rule, carefully obferv'd, will undoubtedly teach you,
In
all

And

Thk

ciofe Play,
It.

True Fingering, Good, Sweet, Neat, and Curious 'Flay, in any

Lefjon.
-^^ ^^^ ^^ j ^p ^j^^ j^^^ j^^^^^ p^^^ q^^^ ^ Backfall the uppermoft C<j,) on the 2^/. Strings which muft be Bac^r to falTd from (<?,) upon the fame String, as in the former Example^

efpecially the

3d. Barr,of

y^^ ^^^^

A General
f"'^' ^i'fTi' " ' sTops!

you had your (f ) Back^fall'd from (7).) The laft Note of this LeJ?on is a Full Stop, ( which yet you ^^^^ "^ ^^^ ^^^'^ before) therefore take this General Rule fox viz. when you have made it ready, by flopIf) and all Full Stops True, and Clear, ftrike it altogether with your Thumbs ping it and Fore-finger The Bafs only with yonx Thumb, VindRake all the reft, (beginning with the Treble String ) with your Fore-finger, which is enough for This Leffon. I call That, the Treble of a Full Stop, which is the uppermofi of
, )

^xvy Stop,

though not the Trf/'/e

Jifr/ffg.

CHAP.

The Lute made Ea/ie.

9i

Chap. XVI.
Example) the Gemral waj/^oC A further Exby fetting you a ftiort yr^e/ac^e, up- ^'he^Generfi Fingering, Good, on each Key^ and by that means^ you will alfb gain, lb many Rule for FinWill
ftill

farther Explain (^hy

and Trm

LeJJbns.
I

g^ing-

have told you, There are but Seven T)ifiinU Keys^

( Natn-

and Nature^ of Mnficl^^ and Ton have had Two, already^ \iz.C-fa-ut, and D-fol-re-) Thi? next (hall
rally

in the

whole Scope

be in E-la-mi.
The Third Tralude
t
,

in E-la~nii.

ar7)aii
a

<b

Qj <b

fvr
I

~
-XL

a
JL.
s^a

_tt_

a
(b
1

!
<h
t

ardi
14.
2
I

r
I
1

a
a

4
7>
.
1 1

r
.

a
a
^

(br

r
)

a
1

'

-"J

a
'

r
t

r
I

li
1 1

7>
"

n
J
f

^a
j'-^

<P

<P

ct

'

J'

S
.4

rr

gr g
>

g
4

_a
<i>

r
II
II

g^

g
*g

The i/. thing needfal, in this I efon, for you to i?e!?ew^er, is to A(?/^ ?Ae lafi ('^), in the i/. arr, ftopt, till you have ftruck the 7d. (c) in the 2d.arrj then hold that (q^) pU^ that whole Barr. At the 3^. Note, of the 4M, ^^yr, plant your In

Fore-finger that (c, ) by which you are Enabled to Play dl that Barr, and the 2 \fi. Notes of the next Barr, without any trouble, or other form, ( you perceiving, how aptly s h, and j (t will fall to be Uopt, ac-

cording as I have marked them. The 5M. Note of the next Barr, is (e,,) which you muft ( ac cording to their General Rule ) hold, till the T'^) following be ftruck upon the Sixth String, The next 2 r rV, niuft be both ftop'd with your Fore-finaer ""e the gcby laying it a-crofs, clofe and hard, which is contrary to the S'^"''^ General Rule of flopping, as aforefaid, yet fometimes you will gain exccpLd find it needful, as here in this place It is j and though It be more ^^^'"*^troublefome than with the End of your Finger, yet it will foon

be


5>4

^^^

O"^^^

Van

or.

be Eas'd , for It is but for them 2 Letters. I have nothing more to fay of This Lejjon^ than ftill to put you in mind, conftantly to hoJd every iji- J^etter, till jour 2d. be Sfruck^^ when you have them come by 2, and 2, as in the next Barr they be, and fo
forwards.

The Back:fall^ at the c)th. Note, in the laiJ Barr, but One, muft there be taken from the (t,) which ftands before it, (which in that place is from a whole Note, or. 2 Fretts ; but your other, which you learnt before, was only from a half Note and One
',

Frett, is always a half Note.

Your 2 laft Ful/ Stops muft be ftruck, the iji. wholly with the Thumb, in the way of a Rak_e, beginning at the BaffeU String j and the Laji wholly with the Fore-finger, beginning at the Treble String. So This Lejfon is finiftied, I hope to your perfeft Vnderfianding of It. The next ,
fee.
is

a 'Pralude

in F-fa-tit-Key ,

as

you may here

Chap.
The
/[th.

XVII.

Traludefor Fingering, in F-fa-ut-Key.

'/? ft

/? ?> /p

ar-(i
i_!

a\

f?

IZ4
I

Z4|
I I
I

M
I

<

(
,

'

^
fI

7 La
>

e a
f^

1
I

CL

U
a.
I

_i
'
I

1
^jj

^a

^a

<<*a

^a
14

6'

a<^a

141
a<p^

f
)

->

a -^

i
.

I
1

Y'
-

I
1

--*^

'?!

-r

^^o" '^'^

'

a
-

4
a.^J' '6_

1
1

a
<p'?)

r
'

^'^

_L
1

&

a a~j

'
1

<P

<F

r a
-^

a.

f?

r
I

?)

'

g r
/
I

'

r
'

a a

^^^aTY

"

a
'^<2

If

a /a ^a ^^

^^

"'"

HEre

is nothing in This Leffon, that you can doubt o^ but is according to your General Rules, till you come at the 5//^. Barr ; where you Qiall fee the 7d. and 3^. Notes, both mark'd with the Fore-finger, which is contrary to the General Rule 5 yet oftentimes we do Play, ( as there you fee ) twice with the Fore-

finger,

The Lute made Eafie,

jinger^ tlie

^^

notber

Notes ftanding as there you fee them, ( one tmdcr a But then we ftrike, Them Two Notes^ after another man)
ijl.

ner

vi%. not picking up the

Note, but SUpping-wiJe,

as

it

upon the 2ci. Note ahttle, and then ftrike the 2<5?. AW, as you do others. The General I call thj a SUp-Stroak h you have it again in the ph. and 6th. ^"^"(^"^[[le '^ Notes, in the lame Barr, and twice more in the 2th, Barr.Theve- sUp.ftioaL^ fore, if you can do it in One, you may do it in Jl/. And again npThere is another kind of Exception, from your General Rule, onaciofe. by hitting twice, with your 2^, Finger, as in the UJi Barr : But that is always upon the Clofe:, or after a Long, or Shaked Note j and the Realbn is, chiefly in regard that your next Note is Co very
reftjng the Finger,
s

were) and

Jljort'^

and alfo, becaufe that the Full Stop, in the next Barr, muft be ftruck with the Fore-jinger ; (b that it would be^r more inconvenient to ftrike both Them, with the Fore-finger, than the 2 J^r^er with the. Long Finger : which indeed is no Inconvenience
at
all, in regard there is time enough, to turn the id. Finger zgaixi, whilft the Shake, or Bacl^fa//, is in agitation,

There

is

no need of
laft

7)ire&ion, for Thif Le/on, only

ber, that the

Full Stop, muft be ftruck, with the Thumb,

rememand

the Fore-finger.

Chap.
H
The
$th.

XVIII.
in Gara-Ut-Key.
*

Trdelude for Fingering,

or-.-?-!-

ar
!

I_+_I

3_| r"7i~i

ar

f-.

^a

^aa
a
-
.

^^

^^g
i

a
fr

^r

'4

z
I
I

_i_i_.
1 I
I I

I I

^1

_J
d

I I

J*

II
r

13

^1__i_r__r

T-^
3

ar

I7>

7>

^
I

^a
will

THq

verj/fiwrt j there being nothing in it, that ( I think } you can doubt of^ yet, becaufe in the Sixth Barr, thofe 2 (4^ (j^V) are mark 'd for

'Directions for Ty^w" Lefion,

he

feveral Fingers.

And

^6^
Exceptions
nTrTi^Ruie*^hi
fliiftingofFin-

The
^nd you might

Qiyil

Van
-^

or.

needful to be

your 7(?//e bids hold the therefore the other might befl: be <'^^-> ^'^^ Jon come at the Other:, ftill ^pt Uopt vpiththe fame Finger I (hall here, give you a Reafin. ^*'^ why ) it is altered in this place j and in all fuch Cafes, you C
think, that becaufe

known.

may

Alter your Fingerings for a better advantage^ in

performing the

Enfuing Notes.

and h, follow the id. <i--, therefore, becaufe of that Convenience, ( Vi^hich you fee you gain, by altering^<7r id. e^) you do much better^ than if you ftiould hold it (till flop'd, with your ^th. finger ; befides, you have time enough , to fnft Fingers , by reafbn of the Eighth String , coming between 5 in which time, you may do it, without the leaji Inconfee that s,

You

venience.

There is another the like flnfting of Fingerings in the 2 laft Notes of the next Barr^ viz. s <US )'our g^ being held fill ifopt, from the lajl Barr, might, (you may fay) very well be ftill ^ep/, tvith the }cre-fnger'-3 I fay fo too, If it were not fb fhort a Note, as you fee It is, which will be troublejome^ to skip back^ to the next
Letter (r,) in the ejcif uf ^rr; therefore, in that retped:, as alfb the precedent Note s-y being a Note, viz.. aTricl^d Quaver, you may better make your fjifting, in that place, than in

Lmg

the next.

You

will find
5

many fuch
for

occaftons, reafonable to contradii^ jiour

I

General Rule

which Caufe,

thus Explain,

Tlaces'^ that thereby,

you may make your own

Thefe 2 Cbjervations in

upon

the like Cafes, Hereafter.

Here's another in This is all that is needful, for Thif Leffen. Are-Key^ being the Sixth 'Praludium, for Fingering'

CHAP.

J he L^Hte made

Eafie,

91

Chap. XIX.
j'

The Sixth Trxlnde in A-re-Key, for the Fingering.

Jl'J_a<P
I

a
5

ai_r_i

s^^

II
? ' i
I

r
'

1(7

r ~\

'

(L
3.

d&
4
I
1

X
C(

a
I

a
2

-a

ar

4
?>

I
[

4
-I
I

^<?^

g
j]ei_
I

^C

r -

a^
X
_a_fl

.1.

_a
T)<p|g_
(S'a

'^

a '^a

^a ^a

-^_c.

J^
'
I

a
_a

_ajL

e.

JL.
I*
I

a
2 2

a g

ja.
j

^a

a
the
JVif^/',

TN
*

and Tenth Barr of TZi^ Lepn^ obferve only to

2 ((L
e,^f

lay the

End of your Fore-finger^flat over both Thofe

which you fee Marled with the y^^?/e Finger^ and I queftion not, but you will Play the whole, without any further Titrecfion. Now we come to the -/th^ and Laji Key, being B-mi ; and is a .Sfej/, which feldom any Mafier Settsj or Tlays any LeJJons^ in except He alter the proper A^-zfare of It, by making it Flat , and Then (indeed) It is a very Nol>le, Brave, and Brisk^Lively F^ey, as Any Key in the whole Scale: But as It is here Natural, It is Seldom, or very Rarely Comps'd In , However, in that you (hall fee. It is a Thing, that may be done \ And alfo, that This Tuning is capable of Bearing It Sufficiently, and Well I will Here fet
>

you

a TrdRUide in

It alfo, as It

now follows

in the next Tage.

And likewife, among the Number of JV^fj of Ze//^;//, (following) you (hall have a whole Suite, ot Sett, in the fame Key: and I doubt- not, but They will Tleafeyou, as well, as Any, or
Moft, in the rchok Book.

CHAP


I
I

ll

Ml

_L

II

9^

The

Civil

Van

or.

C H A P.
The

XX.

jth. Tralitde, for Fingering-,

/p

air__r: r- I-I
^j

ri
r

I
I

-^"l

"
i i

'
4
i"

^
S-

-^

-I
IIS

l-a.:

^C

S1_CL___

r
~^

-TTvT

~~

3 i

::_r,
I

I'a

2fZl2

ilX^^ r_.

cji, r.

(L._(L-

a -r"'r~y^~
"l

'

::

iZr_r_iL
g^

V-^

-11.

1
I

(hort

Repe-

whole RudN

ment

lor tin-

fShiyll
be repeated
;

nothing in This Lcfotf^ which you will make any | ^^/,^ ^j^ yet, becaule it is the laft of the 7, which I intend Single lay for Fingering --^IWiW not \Mmkmy for Rudiments^ [pent , to renew unto you a fliort Repetition , of the pains ill Snbfiance, of what I have already been about, in all thefe 7 TraBelieve, there
is

lndes Or Rttdimcnts^ \i you rPiUnot thinkjiour pains

I fay, (

ill fpent^

in

Read-

n'RlwoT" ig.^dObfcrving.
True Finger'"

in the

ifi.

placc

for Single Fingering

Hereafter put
wholly to your
Reafon-,

away

all

Marks-,

and

Figures.)

and commit your

lelf,

7 he JLtite made

Eafie,

99

Reafon , and let that Guide you 5 yet upon any difficulty^ or doubt (through forgetfulnefs ) you may have recouife hither, to thefe Rudiments 5 for they carry in them, the rphele natural 'Formation of every Strings for ordinary lay. In the ifl. place therefore, you are to remember, that in the Playing of every Barr^ in a Lejfon^ you are to view the -whole Barr^ ( or more ) before you attempt to flop^ or Urike any one

Theift. Re^^"^'^'"a'lce.

Letter.

Then idly^ when you i7<?/> the sfl. Letter^ you muft have regard to flop it, with fuch a Finger, as you may ( with eafe, and convcniency)y?0/>, and provide for the following Notes, in that ( or the next ) ^4rrBut ^dly^ and chiefly, in Plain Time, that is, when your Barrs confift of 4 Crochets, or Q Quavers ^ you muft ever contrive, to put 4, or 8, Equally together. As for Example. In the I/?. Barr of this laft Lejfon, I have Marl(d the i/?. 2 (r r'-f) with the id. and g^. Finger, which I might have done feveral Other ways 5 but in relpeft of the fubfequent Notes, of the fame Barr, I count it better to Bop them all, as you
fee.

i^-

i^'

above all ) not forget to keep your Holds'^ that is, (as before) ever holdfaji-jlop'd, the iji. Letter, (at leaft) till you have ftruck the 2d. But if you can, ( and that there be no inconvenience, either for hindring of fome other NoteSi or performance of (bme Curious Grace, or that your Hand may be too much bound, <^c. _) hold it, tillyou have performed all,
^thly,

Then

you muft

4th,

that conveniently yOH can.

This laft Rule alone, will be almoft (ufficient, to teach any one, Good, and True Fingering-, for the Left Fland. Fifthly, you muft be Very Careful ( now, in your firft beginyth. ning) to get a Good Habit j Co that you ftop clofeto your Fretts, and never upon any Frett 3 and ever, with the very Fnd ofyour Finger^ except, when zCrofs, or Full Staph to be performed. 6. And Sixthly, take heed of Toffing your Fingers, high from the Strings, when you have occafion to take them ofF.But let your FlaybeGlofe, and (carcely feem to move your F/>gerjr, which is a great Commendation, but a far greater Advantage to yoMxfelfj For, whofo gets That III Habit of Toffing, ftiall never Play qujck^, nor vpell^ bnt very uncertainly, and moft unhandfomly. 7th, I vv'ill here repeat ; becaufe I know there is one thing more, Etxreamly well worth your Remembrance ; which is, ' That al ways in playing of 2, 5, or 4 Single (or Divided) Notes, ( which ' begin a Barr, or begin at any Bafs^ or the like ) I lay, be fure * you provide both your Hands to perform, fofar, as convenient' ly you can, before you hit the Note : My meaning is, prepare firli ' for the ftopping of 2, or more; and ftriking of them alio, as if .^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ' they were to heflruck^, altogether, by letting your Left Hand up- foiute,and * on the Stops, and your, Right Hand upon the String, ready to ^^,^P^/'^' u ' ftrike; yet ftrike them in their due time, and at yourlealure, acferv3nce ; to' w^f^s Good ' cording to their true Quantities.
:

Thus

Play.

100

The

Ciyil

Van

or.

Note.

Thus I have (perchance) (eemed too Teadious^ in Repeating unto 50U ; but I know it (b needful a f^/??^, for a Learner to be told more than once, of fiich Conjiderahle Jkules, without the v.'hich obferving, heJl)all never Tlay wellx, So that ftill, I do perfwade you to Read them over^ very often':, but efpecially to put them C?re^<Z{jr
into Tra&ice.

Repetitions of this matter; only refer you to thofe particulars, which Explain the manner of performing thofe 7 TneUtdes 5 I ftiall only defire, that you TerfeB them upon your Fingers^ before you attempt any thing elfe 5 for in
I will

now trouble you with no more

fo doing,

you will advantage your (elf very much.

Chap. XXI.
I
FHllPlay.

Will (for

now
all

proceed to (hew you, what belongs to Full-Tlayj

thefe have been Single^ except

yom Clofes.

for that, will be /jtfr/, and very e4/?e. As Example. for Here is an Example, for all Notes of 5 Parts, viz. sl Bafs, and 2 Treble's 5 aud if you can do Thii^, you will do All in This Kind.

Your General Rules

J.

oTr

i,a_

J__<P a _i__t^_a
I i I

It
^!

Explained

in the

next Line, Thus.

<?
y^a.

y-"
5

a^a. -^a 4

ng
.
'O.

__L__a_
f
I
.

a.
a^ii.

f~^i
a.

T_ i:_ _a~a:I

,.-

a.
'-

1'
11

<_

e
^

^a.

^a-

uppermoft ^oxt Mufick.Lim, are the like* fufficient for the General Knowledge of Their Explanation,i9 in Thofe Notes.m your lail undermolt Line, and ftiow, that the letter <P,muft be hit with the Thumi>,and the 2 divided (aciV)with your ifi. and 2^. F/^^er^yet^though I have fo or but a them, (for your fight) they muft be ftruck alltogether, Cafes , ) very'little dividing, (which may be allowed, in many However practice them both ways. Here is another Example for Nearer, and Gofer lay,v^ith your

Thofe 4

Firfl Barrs, in the

Thumb, and Finger.

Here

The Lute made Eafie,

J.
^>

lOI

Oofe TUj.

S-

^ r

a_r_(
I

?>

a a g

a r la

' ii
ii

J
1

-!

^-^J^
I

r"

<p

}}
ii

_..,., next Line, Thus. Explained the

in

JL-

711

'^i

r -J,
'

/?\

I7i

cL J ^Ci__g_

r
la

l_

1^
'z^/'x..

Here-follows an Example for 4 Parts,

Trebles-^

Three

and a

jS^/p-.

a_rlLg_r_i_a^f'_i_(L_C/_i_r_<i/_i_g^ii

aj^A a.
f

y
I

_L<?

II

a~~t

?)

g^g

r_?

a_r_J_g
-

it

_g_L<5?

i_

l^_

it

Explained Inus.

in the

next Luae

a
g :
g

^a.

a<^a

^g
a_

4#g

a
&c.

-3_

_a g-

r "i_^a. \^^L
ifi'

gz_ g- ^g j:H

_g_

_6L
_flJ.
I

(L

.<^j:

7)
-g_

g-

rv

Ji.
j

gg
g

-O-

-e^ii_JZg:

^g
You mud know, That

a
is

^g

^g

^g

asl have Explained

cafion

It,

the Expla7jation of This laU Fxdmple, not the way, which is muchuled, in
It

Either Rak^"in'"'!?'""

thefe days, (although

u(e

often, as

you may do, upon oc-

which
j^'^',?

is

a
"''^

; ) but the Fafhionable way of Playine; them, ( now us'd> is much more cafie--) namely, only to hit the Bafs with your ihiwib^ and Rak^ down all the other 3 Letters^ with your Fore-Jinger-, at and is the General vpny of the fame time laying all other Full, or Fuller Stops. An Example of (brae, you may fee in this following Mtific^ Line.
'-,

s'^

way.

a a a
7i ?)

g
'a
1

rig
ri
a.
1
1

J
'a

J'

J
II

(?.

r
>7^
17

d/ <L

'a

a
1

r
r
-^g
'?>

g
'

^r
1

7M1

II
.

Rakiag Play

<?

^||
5

71

II

-^g

g ^g ^g

^g ^g
all

^g
thole
i/?.

Begin to Rake ( or Smoothly Stroak, )

Six Strif/gs^

anhe Treble String, hymg onyom

iji.

Finger,

at the

fame time Ssrop!^^'

you

loz

The QyilTan
'>

or,

you lay on your Bafs Then, juft as you hit the Bafs with your Thumbs draw all over your I ore-finger^ very gently^ till you have hit the Sixth Strings and you will hear a very full Confoi% of 7 Tarts , ( provided you flop }Jard^ and Clean 5 ) and thus muft you do, by all the reft of the FtiU Stops, till you come to the 2 laft Notes of the Q,d. Barr, which "3 and a are to be
with your 2 Fore-fingers , with the Bap 5 as in your former Examples of 'Biividwg Tlay 5 Then make your Back:faU to the To in the laft Barr, from e^ j and after you have reell Shaked it, ftop the laft FuU Stop, before you hit the Single a, between them, becaule it is a port Note and will not admit of any delay, after it is ftruek; but requires the\2.{i Note, quick. upon it : So that in the time of your foregoing Tricl^d- Crochet,
ftruek
, ,

^^ay to

bring in a ciofe, Neatly,

mifli.

Note, efpecially at a Clofe ) .you may have liberty to ftop the laji Full Stop, (which will take you up a little time 5 ) Then ( you being thus ready ) ftrike that a, and

( which

we

count a

lof?g

fo^rins in the
all

laft

Stop, with the

more

Compleatnefs,

and thus of

men

iloje JSotes.

Chap. XXII.
conceive you Efficiently readj, at all thefe -jB^ foregoing JRudiments, which (akhough but very few) yet are as the main Foundation, of your whole Bufmejs, which I count well over with you, becaufe I (uppofe you Ingenious.

^Y

this time, I will

in thefe 2 Chapters foUovping, lay down, all the other Curiofities, and Nicities, in reference to the Adorning ofyour Tlay : ( for your Foundations being fiirelj Laid^and your BmldiKg
I

will

now,

TPell
it7g

Reard, you may proceed to the Beautifying, and Taintof your Fabrick^ ) And tho(e, we call the Graces in our
u(e

"Flay.

The Names of ftich, which we muft commonly

Lttte,

upon the

beTheJe.
Chiefeji, is

The

Nairies

theilaces

Marked Thus, with a Tric^^ before it, as here you may fee, (-a) The 2d. the Beate, Thus, (I a) The ^d. the Backfall, Thus, {jo) The 4?/^. the Halffall.

j^g ^a and

the Shake,

Thus, (^a)The $th: the Whole-fall, Thusy (+a)The Sixth, the Elevation, Thus, (fHa) The 7f/. the J/^/e i?e/7/&, Thus, ( a) The ^th. the 'Z^i^z/^/e i^e////;, yy^///, (v.a) The 9?^. the J/z^r, Thus^
.-.

the lo/y^.the

t57/<5?e,(the

fame_)77jj-,(^a,)the

iithxhe Spinger,

laft,

J^o/f

Go<?(^

ces

Grace, as any other, whatever. which may be u(ed upon the Lute
All.

yet

Feiv,

-j ^. or None u(e
firft

them
Shake.

Their Explanation foUowcth;

And

of the

The

The Lute made

Eafie.

\o\

The Shake, is 2 ways to be performed, either Hard^ov Soft, the Uard, (or Tearing-Shakf) is thus done, /z,. If you Shake any String Open, you mull: firfl: ftrike it with fome Right Hand Finder, and then be ready with the Fore-fnger, of the Left FJandto pick The Explanation of tlic it up, with the very Tip (near the N^il ) of your Finger Hard.orTesr5

and
(

fo,

by

often,

and quick picking

It,

it

up

in that mannei-,

or

more

plainly ) Scratching

in a Smooth,

Nimble, and Strot^g

ing-Shake, open.

have pertormed It. done, in all refpefts, like the former, except X\\^ Soft-Shak^ The Softthe Tearing, and Scratching^, and only by Beating the Striri" S-h"kt; op;n. Strongly, and with a Quick, Motion, in the fime place, as you did the other 5 which always muft be either in <P, or r-Frettj and if it be done Evenly, and Strongly, it gives a very Tleafmt Grace unto your Play. Some there are, ( and many I have met with ) who have (uch a NaturaUgility fin tht\x Nerves ) and Jptitnde, toThat Terfermance, that before they could do any thing el{e to purpole-j tJiey would mak^ a Shake, Rarely If'ell. And Come again,' can (carcely ever Gain a Good Shake, by reafbn of tho-unaptnefof their Nerves, to that J&ion j but yet otherwile come to T.^Uy very
Jgitntion,
will
is

you

well.
I, for my oivn part, have had occ:iC\ov\ to breaks hoth my Arms\ by reafon of which, I cannot make the Nerve-Shake ivell, nor Strong:, yet, by a certain Motion of my Arm, I haviegain'd fuch

The Authoh
Inahiliry, to

make

the

Nerve-Shake,

z Contentive Shake, that fbmetimes, TX\y Scholars w\\\^%]^xnt,FJoTs> they JJj all do to get the like ? I have then no better Anfreer for Them, than to tell Them, They muft firfl: Break, their Arm, as I

have done j and fo pofllbly, after that, ( by TraSice ) they may get My manner of ShakeThe Stopt-Shake, is C only J differing from the Open-Shake, in that you are always to u(e fbme One of your Vnder-fingers, in your Shaking, and to Stop, one of your Vpper fingers, upon fome Letter, and then Shake with an ZJnder-Finger. As for Example, Suppole you ftop the Letter (P upon the 7d. String, with your Fore-finger : Then muft you make your Shake, from the Letter li, ( becaufe It is the Aire ) upon the fame String, toithyoUr Remembring to Stop the ^, Hard and Chfe, all the Little Finger time of your Shaking 5 and if you will have a Soft, and Smooth Shak_e^ then only Beat the Letter 'B Hard, and Quick,^ direciiy down, andjtp, with the very Tip ofyour Little Finger but if you would have a Hard, or Tearing Shake, then Nibble the Ti lirongly, and very quick^, and it will give you Full Content 5 and fo for all Stopt Strings, which require Shaking. You muft likewife know. That a Shake is not always to be made z Fretts of, ("which is a Full Note Dijlance,) but as often from One Frett, ( which is but Haifa NotesTHHance.)
':>

The ArmShake,

The 5^opf. Shike, audits Explanation.

:y

And
perly
5

to

know

certainly,

make All Take This General, Shskes prtw ed 3 which is. That All Shaken, muft be made, either from the pcrly,andin Half or Whole Note-j according to the Aire^ Humonrofyour their True

do One, and the Other proand Certain Rule j ( never to be alterto

when

General

Rule,

how

to

md

places.:

Tiimng,

104

The Qhil ^art

or.

As for Exdmple. In this next MuJick^Line^ Timings and L effoji. I have let the jlire of the Tuning down^ upon every One of the Six Strings^ which only are toht Shaked the Bafs, never,
:,

An Example
of whole Notes,andha!f NoreSj 'n refe-

CLUl^ Jj-k a 6i3_J_h r

_fl_C_e/_c_h_

renceto
Shakes, and

Back- falls, in their proper

Aire,

Jfhole Notes,

ar

"iiS h

_a

<P_?) s_

Obferve the Order of the Trehle String firft, and fee which are and which are Half Notes, from each other, Firft, from a, tor, is z Whole Note, ( becanCe 2 Fretts. From r, to (b, islikewilea Whole Note, for the fame Reafbn. From (L> to J, is hut Half a Note, fbecaufe but OneFrett.) From S, to h, is a Whole Note^, and from h, to k , a Ifhole

Note.

A certain General Rule,for Graces; never to be Contradifted.

Thus, hy
fail,

to

Thk JRjile, Examine al] the reft, and you know Whole Notes, and Half Notes 3 which is a

cannot
certain

Rule, both for Shakes, Relifies, Elevations and Bacl^falls, never to be contradiftcd 3 That is. Every Shake, is to be made in the
Aire,
If
viz,.

toonld

Shake r. Upon the Tretle String,

in (L-Fre.

muft

firft

ftop r,

and then

J'A,?^^ It,

^he Back-fall
^xpiained.
-

Likewife, If I yNov^^ Shahs^ ^^ upon the id. or j^th. String, muft ftop r, and then Shake it in l^-Frett, ( becaufe that is the I Jire, and but Half a Note. ) This I fuppofe enough, to make you know the Certain Tlace of Shaking any Note. I will, from hence, proceed to the Back:fall, becaufe the fame General Utile, is -fro^er for them both. A Back-fill-, is only Thus ; viz,. Let your Note be what it will 5 It juLift lU. partake of the Tone of another Note^ or Half Note above it^ before it Sound, As for Example. Suppofe I would Backcfall a, upon the Treble String, then I muft 1/2. Bop r, upon the fame String, and ftrike it, as if I did abfblutely intend r(only) fhould Soiind'-^ yetfbfbonasi havefb ftrvck.^, I muft, with the Stopping Finger ("only J caulethca, to found, by taking it off, in a kindof a Tivitch, fo that the Letter a, may Sound, (by reafbn of that Tivitch, or Falling back. ) P^efently after the Letter r,
is

ftruck,

c^c
faid

This
it,

is'

called a Backrfall,

and there needs no more to be

)

of

know, Thzt the. Back:fall may be either Tlai^, or Shak^di, xiTlain, you have done it already, by'the/^y^ ireUion.

Now you muft

It being fb Eajie to be underftood.

thenThus, viz. have given it that Twitch, ( I have not a fitter word to give it) you muft Shake it, either wirh-.the Loud, oz Soft Shake-) (in the proper .Letter) afterward, as if it had not Befen Backrfall'dj and Thk, is likewife fufEcient for It.

K Shaked,

When you

The

7 he
The
foon
Beate^
is

L Hte made Eafie,

( as if

05
'

as it is

your ZeWer ftruck^ (be it what it will) and (b ''"''^.^"^^ ^"^ "'""^ ftiuck, that Sound muft be Falfifyed^ alwa) s into a

Palf Note
JJjdked-,

beneath^ by taking up your Finger^

you would

Back^fitU the Falfe Note, from that Siop'd Letter ) and Jirotfgly, fo to and again yet, at laft, the fame Finger, mult re/? ^<?ir;?,
-)

m the

As for Example. would make a Beate upon 'S, on the Otth. Strbtg^ I mufl, If I at xhc fame time^ (together with that ?)) ftop r, on the fame
\fi.T7'ue Note.
;
')

String

and, (b fbon as
if I

and by

theTivitch^ cau(e the

have ftruck the li, r to Sound, and

into
'S,

muft Twith

it ttp,

(b continue in that
,

Quicks Motion^ as
jirongly kl^ockjng

did only intend to Shake the r

yet,

{b

down my Finger

that at every Knock.^ or

Motion, T) may be Fqually heard with f 5 and when I have thus continued Beatings fo long as my Time will al/ojv me, I muft then give the Ufi: Knoch^into"^^ xcith all thejlrengthlcan 5 fo that li muft be Eminently heard at that very- laji : For you muft know This, That whatever your Gracehe, you muft, in your /^re-jjjci/, exprefs the True Note perfe&ly, or elfe yom pretended Grace, will

obferve, not
to

make

provs'aKf.
grace.

prove a

TDifgrace.
Ffalf-fall,
is

'

is ever from a BalfNote beneath, (as is the The Half, faii^ performed, by ftriking that FJalf Note firft ; but E.xplaincd. Co (bon, as that is fojlrncl^, you muft readily Clap down the True Note, ( with the proper Finger, ftanding ready) without any further _/?r/4^!?. Explained Ihus. Suppofc I would make a Half-fall to s, upon the Treble, ( or any other String) I muft place a Finger in <L upon the ftme String, and abfohitely flrike (b , as \^ nothing elfe were intended'-^ but lb (bon as <b has given its perfei^ Sound, my next Finger, muft fall fo that S may Sound ftrongly, only by That fmartly into S Fall which will caule a 'Tritty, Neat, and Soft Sound, without any other ftriking, and this is the Nalf-faU. The If hole-fall, is a Grace, much out of ule, in Thefi our 7)aysj Tiie wholeyet becaulc, in lome Cafes it is very Good, and Handfome, and Wi,Explainmay give 7)elight, and Content to many, who think fit to ule It 5 ^ know, it is Thus F'erfirmed , viz. It gives Two Falje L etters, beExplained thus. fore the True intended Letter comes in. Suppofc I would gwezWholc-fall, to the Letter ?), upon the

The

Beate ) and

t,

',

'

^th. String

Then

muft

firft

then fall

my

Fore- finger hard,

upon that String ; and upon ^, on the fame String, and

ftrikect,

( holdmg 6' ftill ftopt") fallmy "^d. or Little Finger, as hard into the True intended Letter Ti j and thus the Ter-

fb clolely after,

fonnauce is Finijloed j yet-always oblerving, ( that for an Equality, and Evennefs, in thefe 3 Sounds ) which is a thing Chiefly to be Regarded) you muft take Care, that you ftrike not the firft aicn"forit fo Loud, as that the ^r(?^^/> of the Finger, is not fufficient to Exaft'perfor"'^"'^^ caufe the other 2 following -Letters to Sound as Loud, as the fir Uj, Therefore, ever at a Whole-fall, ftrike the which was Jiruck: firft Note of the 3, Softly , lb may you with the more Fafe, and Certainty, make the next i,as Loud 5 for a Man cannot fall a String (b Loud, as he can ftrike it.

This

io5
This
is

The Cml
(ufficient to
fall it,

Van

or.
Only Note^ That

Explain the

Whole-fall--^

you always

through the proper jlyre-Notes of the ^e^,(which

is

to a Mnjical Ear^

Natttrally kpown.
'-3

be 2 Full Notes as, fuppofe you fhould Fall (L, on the ^d., String ; Then muft you Fall it from a, into r, and (b into your True Note (?>, which is the Jyre of that ^d. Strings Sometimes,
it will

for Thofi Notes in this Tuning.

Ghap. XXIII.
TheElcvati^
Explanation.

Single ReliJ(},and the Trouble ReliJfj^WiW take Hiuch Trouble to Explain Them^ by ^'^^or^x (?/?/y ^ and "P ^o \ivill ^e//erbe done, by Notes ^ or Letters^ becaufe they are to be performed, by many, and variotts Notes. Therefore, in Their

"pHc Ekvation^thc

Mufic^ Line, and Letters, for your more Eafte underfianding of Them. The Elevation, is generally to be made in the Jfcenfion, or T}efcen(ion of a 3^. and always upon the Middle Note-^ ( But in faying a ^d. or 3 Notes, I do not mean al\va3's"^ %ll Notes'^ for there is a ^dM^or, and fi_CZCrr_a ^ 5^. Minor, as are J^re Explained. As for Example.
Explanation,
I

will

v& a

Thofe

3 if/,

'^^

I~
j
^d. or a
3<5?.

are a 3^. or 3 Full Notes Jfcending, which we or J'i&^tr/; 3^. and the 2^. 3, are CC call 3^. Major, a 3^/. or 3 f // A^t'^ex ^efcending. The T^. 3 of the(e, are a 3,5/, jlfcending,, with the Half Note in the midji, which we call a Flat
5

Minor

the

laft 3,

are the fame 'Defending.

Thefe Notes, you (hall know, how the Ele-^ vation is to be made, and that is always upon the midfl: of the 35 Thus, if?- according to the ^FuU, or Whole Notes, as in the i^.

Now, from any of

Six Letters upon the ^d.

String.

Explained Thus.

The
J
theElevarion,Afcending,
I

id. 3 Thus.
J J^J^
\

J j^/.

J
II

/
>(L

J
H.

andwfcend

=1-^=^^^-;,'II

/____ a_t_Jb \CLr<bSy(br^>\[^l V a <b t <b S "

1.^^*
' '
I

V a

1^11.

Jfcending.

Uejiendtng.

Thus the Elevation is exprefs'd, both Jfcending, and 'Defcend-' ing, as you may (ce ( by this Line) upon the Letter r, which takes up 5 Letters j ( as you fee link'd together by a F'vop'il Stroak.) None of which, are to be (truck, but only the jji. r, and all the reft are to be performed by the AUivitydi the Left Uandj in the manner of Falling, @r Slidirg.
v

The


"The
The
fhall

Lute made

Ea/ie.
5

107
Slidingt

Fallings you have had exprefs'd before by and by be Explained.

this (lifEce to exprefs the

and the

you muft Retftember^ that as in your Falling of the Whole-Fall^ I gave you a AWe, not to Hit your if/, of the Number^ Harder than you
Let
Elevation ; only
to caufe Jill the reii fbllowing,to give the Camejirength of Sound io muft you do in This : For they muft always be Equal in Loudnefs 5 which will require a pritty Careful TraUice :
Vi'ere able,
-,

For 'tis a Hard Grace.

The 3^^. Minor:, or Flat 3 J. is dojie after the fame manner" oblerving the ^yre of your Leff'on. The
Single
ReliJJ)^

yet
Tiie single
^^''^^

be very and is Eafie^ as being but like wife generally done upon the JJcenfion^ or T)efcenfion of a
( after 7/&^, is underftood ) will a piece, or part of the Elevation
--^

^d. Thus,

Jlfcending a ^d. Thus.

J

'Defending a ^d. Thus.

J

ar

ae'fs
<L>

I
I

e/

r g

2L^

ExplainedThus^

li?. Jljcendiug.

n.
^-~

g^

^ r-

dr

g.

i
I

I
I

^~

II

llJ
I

I
I

I
I

l I

^^1

Explained,

Explained.
2d. 'Defending.

Jtixp lamed.

l!^
fsr

^-h
T^fflalT)

!-!^

J
(b

djT a\'b

at a

ye

ae

s
a.\

(br-

s >(br

Explained,

Explained.

Lxplatned.

Note, That the 2,5/. AW, upon which you perform the i?c///Z, has zEack^fall^ which would always be performed very_/?rtfzzg./y, and fmartly^ before you attempt the other 2 Notes ^ which is jit that is needful to be exprefs'd, concerning the Single Relifl). The Double Relifj^ is a Grace^ very profitable topra&ice, for the making the Hand Nimble^ Qftjckj, and Even ; But upon the Lute is not us'd to be performed, by any Sliding^ or Falling of Not/i^ as Others are^becaufe It confifts o^ too many Notis^to beper formed.," without fome other Help^ than by the Lift Han4y. But is done in This follovping manner^ Thus. P 2 Thi

Tlie Double
^^''^''

io8

The
J

Civil 'Fart

or.

J-J^

i,

TheTlain Note's.

^a

Thdr ExfUtiation.
ReliJ}},

All This, is

but called the Double

c^

expreffing Thofe 5

TUin Notes.

In fwcie^f TirMs^ the flei?, ^i/ Trwe Terformance of It, upon (either Z/z/e, or the feveral Ktys, throughout th^ Jf^^rumefit, Viol) was accounted an Eminetit piece of Excelkticy , though now we ufe it not at all in our Compojitiom upon the Lute.

However, I (hall commend the 'Frivate nfe^ and TraUice of It, Benefcid piece of Tra&ice, for the to JUTramtioners, as a very And although the very Shape, and Fajln(rd?;^^rf/ tff the Band. yet I will fet down on of It, be not at Fhis "Bay in General ufe 5 fuch Alhtfions to It, or fuch Kind oi ^dependences upon It, (when
to give Further T^iretiions for the Hand) as fhajl pals, with very much Grace^ and Modrfi-Gmd-Jpplaufe. muft iji. make an end of Explaining the reft of Thefs
I

come

But I

The

5iur.

only by hitting the iJi- as you did the J4 hole-fallare Hooped in, go under the Name for Example. JU Thofe, which the iH. and Fallthg the reft, as ^<i Shm'd-Notes ; only hitting
String
h

Cr^m, whichlwillhaftentodp. r^ The next therefore, i. the Shr, and is no more than the Falling as you can upon v^> ^e of fo many Letters, (Jfcending)
,
,

As

the Elevation hefore.

:5"g3
Explained Thus,

^^r^ ^crt_7iS a r_?)_

The

Slide.

near of Kin to the Slur, and differs only 7htis 5 your jNoies'st!^ always 'iDtfcending, and Marf(d with a /:W;', <?r

The

Slide,

is

Slide,

asyom Slnr,

As for Example.
"

The Slide Explained

j*

J
II

JFjLJlJX-CCt
-

v::>^v:^

^_a 6La_ r a
1

^^^1

"^^

ca r a.

I
1
\

an

^
2d.

s "^s^a
}

We
as
"

feldom

tTZ/We

above

2,

or 5 at a time,
iji.

you may

fee

marked in the

and

Sometimes
Short Line.

we

Slide Four, as in the Little

The

The
The doing of
hit the li?.

L^ute made Eafie,

no more, than lU- to make
all
-,

lo 9
the Stopt

Tbisy

is

Letters Ready, ( that

is, have Them all Stopt together ) Then and Twitch the reft, with your Stopt Fingers^ one from another, as you take Them off, and Remember to do thenl y^U Equally, for "Disiance , and Loudnefs, according to former

TjtreUions.

z Grace, vety Neat, and Curious, for (bme fort TheSpmger, Explained, of Notes and is done Thus, viz. After you have Hit your Note, which you intend to make the Grace upon, you muft ( juft as you intend to part w'lxhyour Note
Spi/7ger, is
)

The

1)ab one of your next Fingers lightly upon the fame String, a Fret^ or 2 Iretts belovp, ( according to the Jyre) as if you did intend to flop the String, in that Tlace 5 yet fo Gently, that yon do not cauje the String to Sound, inThat flop, (fodab'd;) but only fo, that it may fnddenly take away That Sound, rchichyou laU flruckj, yet j:;ive fome fmall Tin&ure of a Nexv Note--) but not T)ifiin[tly to be \vhxch Grace (\i Well done, and 'Fr^/'er/yj is beard, as a very Tah^ng, and F'leafant. The Sting, is another very Neat^ and Tritty Grace 5 ( But not Modify in Thefe Tiays ) yet, for fome forts of Humours, very Excellent y And is Thus done, (upon a Long Note, and a Single String) firft ftrike your Note, and fo foon as It is ftruck, hold your Finger

AW;

The sdng,
E,xplained.

upon the Tlace, ( letting your Thumb loofe) and rvave your Hand ( ExaCHy ) dorvnwards, andupwards^ fevcral Times, from the Nut, to the Bridge j by which Motion, your Finger will draw, or ftretch the String a little upwards, and downwards, fo, as to make the Sound foem to Swell with pritty unexpeded Humour, and gives much Contentment, upon Cafes.

C but

not too

Hard ) fiopt

The
and
is

Tit,

is

a Grace, always performed with the Right

Hand,

^^'
"^^^^^^^^

a fudden taking
as it will

manner,

away the Sound of any Note, and in foch a feem to cry Tut , and is very Tritty, and Eafily

done. Thus.

When you would Z etter, ( which you

perform This Grace, it is but to ftrike your fnall be fo Gracd ) with one of your and immediately clap on your next jiriking Finger, upoti Fingers, the String which you flruck^--) in which doing, you (uddenly ^^/^e away the Sound of the Letter, which is that, we call the Tut 5 and which makes ^ if you do it clearly, it will foem to fpeak the word Tut, ^o plain- fpeak^^
intend
ly, as if it

werea

Zto7/7^ (Tre^/^^^, Speakable.

I

(f^y felf) only call a Grace 5 becaufo Soft and Loud no Mafler ever yet (as I can find) directed it, zs a. Grace, but Exceiknt my felf) is to Play fome part o the Lejfbn Loud, and fome part Grace. Softj which g:\vcsmuch more Grace, and LuUretoTlay, than any

The

next, (

which

other Grace, whatfoever

Therefore I commend It, as a ^Principal, and Chief-Ornamcntal-Grace (in its Tropcr Tlace J The laft of All, is the Tauf ; which although it be not a The Grace, of any performance, nor likewifo Mumbered amongft the Graces, by others, yet the performance of It, (in proper Places) adds much Grace : And the thing to be done, is but only to make a kind o^CeJfation, or fianding fiill, fometimes Longer,
:

Paufe.

and

no

The

Qiyil

Van

or.

and fometimes Shorter, according to the Nature^ or Requiring of the Htmzour o the MuJ?ck^^ which if in Its dne Tlace be made, is a very Excellent Grace. I have now done, with the Declaration, and Explanation of
the Graces.
I will
-viz.

therefore proceed, to (

what

fuppofe you long for )

the further Explaining of Lute-Tlaji.

Chap. XXIV.
Can Remember but One Thing more, which
you be informed in, before you fhall Able to give a Trite Account of every performafice in Any ciently Lejjon, that you ihall meet with. And it is the knowledge of the Right-Eland-Fingering, in a. General way : Which Thing, iti this Chapter, I will endeavour to Explain ^ and the rather, becaufe it is too Great a Trouble, in the 'Prickjng, or Trinting of Many Lejfons, to et down the Finthat
gering, to every Note.

count Needful^ find your Cel^fuffiI

General

Bulfe for the

Right Hand
Fingering.

your future latisfaftioUjand that you may Play by a Certain Rule, and not upon 7ri?, at a Venture, with much Vncertainty, not knowing a Reafon for what you do : Wherefore, attend This General Rule ; which fhall never fail you, for True
Bcfides,for

Fingering.

You muft know,

all

Lejfons

you
it

(hall

meet

v/ith,

either will,

All LtfTons

fhould be
Earr'd.

or (hould be Earrd--, Co that eafily perceive, what firt of Notes

when you

fee the

coniii\s of, viz.

Earr, you will o Even, or

Odd

Notes.

of One Kind, or Mixt, as 2 Crochets, and 4 Quavers to( ) Then, ever begin the firf^, with your 2d. gether, or any fuch ; Fitmr, and then the id. with your \fl. Finger, &c. as you will fee in raoft of Thofe 7 Tr<eludes, I fet you down before, with their

Even Notes they be mixt Even ; provided

If They

be

all

either

Fingering Marh^d.

When

your Thumb fmgle,beg3n5 any

Earr, what

Finger foU
lows.

Cafe your Thumb fhall begin any Barr, with a Single Letter, ( as in the 7th Tralude, in E-mi, It did ) you muft know, that In fuch a Cafe, your Thumb flipplies the E'lace, and in that Tnelude youmayfee, inmofl Office of your id. Finger, as

But

in

When the
Thumb
fupplies the place

ot the Earrs, quite through. But v/hen the id. Finger, fhall begin a Barr Single, and the id Note of the Barr fhall be flruck with the Thumb, (as in the
$th.

of the Forefinger.

Trdude

Fore-finger, your id. Finger plies Thus, ftill keeping Its Courfe, in taking the ^d. or next Note. fo long as it will)if your .^^rr confift of Even (let your Lefon be Notes, ot Evenly Mixt h make no Scruple, but perform it always which is the Sure, and Bejl way of Playin This Even manner
--y

you may the Tlace, and Office of the

in Gam-ut,

fee i)

Then

the Thttmb fup-

ing All

Tfivifions, fo falling out.

But

The

Lrdte made Eafle,

in

But if you meet a Barr.^ not Evenly Mixt^ as one Crochet^ and 2 Quavers, for the iB. 3 Notes:, and then the like again, for the 7tlThree N&tes, (or the like ^) In fuch a Cale, you muft only have RefpeS toThofe Even Notes, of a Kind, ( in that Barr ) viz. which are the iji. 2 Quavers, and which the laft 2 Quavers j and begin Them, with your 2d. Finger, although you ftruck the Former Note, with the fame Finger ^ as Thus, for Example, you

may

fee in TAefi 2 Barrs.

:! u jar^a ar
i<p
I
.

Jj*

jj'
1

/
'f\

J
/?

j
1

r (bs }(Lr<b s
}(!
'
II 11
II 1

Even Notes of
a Kind, in a
Barr,

/ I
1

II

how

to

i/p

II

be Play'd.

^a

0a

^a

''a:

I fuppofe, you remember, that a Single Treble, and a Bafs, always to be ftruck with the 2d. Finger, and the Thnml>. Let TJ&^fuffice, for Even Notes in a Barr. But when you meet with Odd Notes in a Barr, Thut.

is

H
^a

Odd Notes

in a Barr, how.

'

i~i~~

l_T
*^CL

XH

7W

*/,>??-{ u'/' P"'' '^' -^'^^^^^^ Markd (which IS i\^<.^.^/, and

the 4?A.
will
iV^^e,

you

the^^rr, as youfeethem proper F.>;^er^^^ 5; but then, at

that Thofe remaining

will perceive,

prove to be Even Notes, and of a Kind, ( as to the /?^/. ./ though Two of Them be <5V;^i^^z,.r., and Two of Them Quavers ; That is, they are 2 and 2 of a A/W; which is all the Concern of your Ohfervation in Fingering : Therefore, you mult Turn pur 2d. Finger, although you ftruck the Bop be^ fore, with the fame Finger.

^ Notes,

F/^;

rJl^LltZ'^'-Tfer
This

-^^-^>>^^^^/^^^

Nature, asyou

may

ferve

ior^

Obfervauon, your Bight Hand Fingering, viz. That whenfoever you meet with Even Notes of a Kmd, in a Barr, you are to begm the iji of that Even Number, with

Sufficient

Diremof,, fdr your General Even Notes of a Kind.

though the Barr,

in the whole, confifts

In Triple Time, you will

I bus,

as in this

Example following on the other fide.

your 2d! Finder', alof Even or Odd often meet with Three Odd Quavers,

Triple time.-

the

Tan
J"
:
'

lU
All Exception

The
J

C^yil

or.

*' *
I I

i
I

J
i
I

for the

Gene-

raiBic,of
Fingering, for the Right

Lxampk Jfjjfs. ^
5

a ejL <p~?) a a e w\ o rl^ JUZa glc^l ~

.:_^:
.

J-

f?~\\

I_l

'

'

'

Q.\
1 J

cr\ a
II

<P

Td^ni'
iT

Hand.

_l

The RttU

ivill fiill

hold Good--, For

-,

you muft

hit the i/r.

odd

and then the 2 Jaft, ( which are ^^ Notes of a Kind ) begin, as you fee, with the 7d. Quaver i with your
Fore-finger

Finger.
I think I need (ay no more, concerning this General Rtde, for Fingering: Yet (bmetimes,. there will happen (uch k_jnd of Notes,

and
.

Tajfages^

which

we
to

find, will

to be PJay'd, Contrary here let you down.

be more F'andfomly Co?!venient, This General Ride j fbme of v/hich I will

J
Exafrpie. contrary to the Gtneral
Rule.

J"

]>/()
.

g
7> /^

r "

:z^a^^\

I |

r_ " S ?>

Jr r ""
;>

aji
TTi

^^[j

Vp

^1

^a.

Note of TA^ Rtidiment^ ancl-ydu will perceive, that It is a Semiquaver h and they are all fo, till ) ou come to ffic of the lafi Barr: They are likewile AWe/ <?/ a A'/W; Fifth fo that according to your General Rtde^ AUThofe Notes fhould be Played with contrary Fingering, to what you fee them here Marked, to begin with the Firfi, viz. Whereas you (ee them (et begin with the Second, sndfirji and Second Fi?7ger, theyftiould

Obferve the

3^?.

AW

'>

TheReafon,
neral*'Ri,?e^
is

coturadifte'd'^

^^^^-

Reafon \sThis'-i becaufe, that in This T lace. It is ^o^^ Natural, according to the Formation of the Fand'-^ and fo It Will be more familiarly eafic, and ready for the Band,, to perform Thofe Notes ( as they fo ftand ) than according to the

Finger.

Now, my

General Rule: Whichif. you attentively obferve, you

perceive.

may

eafily

As

for

Example

Take

notice,

how

that the Forefinger,

of

of Tlay) more conveniover the '2d. String, than over the ifi. So alfo doth the ently ready ^d. Finger, (at the lame Inftant) ftand more ready, over the Treble String, than over the id. So that, if you will make your Preparation, as formerly I have direded, wz,. To make your 2<3^. Note ready, ( with both Hands ) before you firike your Firfi 5 Ifay, ( Thus Trsparing) you cannot chufe but perceive, how that

your Striking FJand, (ftands

in Its Tojiure

the Natural Formation of the Right Fand, doth Invite you to This manner of Tlay, in This Tlace 5 And fo would be in all other, hapning in the lame Kind. As for Example.

Here

^he Lute made

Here
is

Eafie.

115

another

flich.

r
d:
S

a
<2

re/
'
1

<b
<b

_.
.f

j^

h
h

.f

...

(tj

<b

s i<br
>c^
1

.f

1 1

a
'a

a fi a

The
11

id.

Ex-

aiBpIe,contrj(lifting

11
II

the General Riil:.

a.

a
The
iji.

II a

II

II

according to the General Rule ; But the 2d. of the other above, ContradiQory , and therefore, would be fb performed. Now, It will be very good, (for your Experience, and Con- The ben way frmation) totry t^JPlay Thefe 2 laji Examples y according to the to confirm General Rule'-) by which means, you will more apparently perBarr^
is

you

fee,

is juft

in the Nature

pauicuiar'^

ceive the 'Difference, and Reafonablenefs of This Exception For you will find, by fuch Tryal, that you cannot perform Thofe Notef^
--^

I'lay.

fofmoothly, and eafUy by the Rnle-Tlay, as by the ExceptionTlay. Iwillftillproccedin77izf^ifWofFx/?/?c//<75 becaufe, that in the doing of It, I (hall do you Two Great Advantages.

Explain AU (or the moft part of) fuch Taffages^ as ufually are ft) performed upon Thk Tuning, or the Lute in General by which doing, yu (hall ever

The One

(hall be,

will

after be put out

of doubt, as to the right order of all fuch 'Perfor-

mances.

Then
in which
to

2dly. 1 (hall give

you fuch an Advantage,as to

as will be agredt

the

Gene-

ral xpay, of Curious coming to the fever al Chfes of Thofe fever al Keys 5

Ifmll Exprefs Them,

means,

to enable yon

Command a Kind of Voluntary 'Play upon the Lute ; which Thin^ indeed I do aim at ; And it (hall be the very next adjoyning Work to This, which I do intend ( God Willing j to Endeavour: The which, ( to be able to do) is the MoU Ahfolitte

and Mofl SatisfaUory 'Piece of Performance , that any Perfon can Attain unto, upon This^ er upon any other Jnfini,

what

is

the

mcft Abfoliite
fatisfaftion,

ment'

upon theLute,

But Firfl:, I will make an end of This kind of Play. Here therefore , are Five other fUch Examples 5 which (with the former Two ) runs through All the Keys 3 and I fup' pofe will be fufficient, to enable you, both to know when and how to Break^the General Rule-Play, upon All fuch Cafes, at any And alfo, ( if you often Prai^tice Thefe following Examtime. ples 5 which you may do at any time,upon Tuning your Lute, &c.) and whijch will (eem very Bandfim,\x^onfhat,ox any other'Of f4fion, and -add Lufire to your TUy aIfo,and make your Hand Neat For you muft know. That fuch kind Of Come' Agile, and Fim as Thefe, are accounted Quaintneffes, or Elegancies offs, ; and in Play , Efkeemed very Credible , in the Performer, if he Perforni Them Accurately, and Curioufly Well. And here, in this next Page following, you (hall have Them fet you.
-,

Qw

Example

.^i
1

III

I
1

14

The

Ciyil

Tart

or.

Example
^

in D-fol-re-Key.

r
6"
'^

a
1

/?

a.
'

r
.

"

r ?

^ a ^ ^a rir a la
1

r r
a_
<P
fi'

1
1

a
A^a,

l<?

1
1

'd

a
' ,f
'

/?
1

T)
(L

11

s
.f

h h
..

s
j:

<b e.
J
1

i^

..

'

>(L fib
1

r r
-0

a
4

/?il
II

>a

a
Example
in E-la-mi-Key.

jS*

"

-.a
?)

i__>a_r

a m.
'^

d
I

e^n^-:-(L
,

(L

^
^a

J
/

X "^^~r~-"~^
""

e/__r.

J^J

a_a

ii

rif
.ai

(X-

g
Example
in F-fa-ut-Key.

^a
X-/
i'

r
f?
<+

a
G'..

a.

?)

aa
ffl

i<?

"-?)'<?

<P

6^

*a

<?

<?'

<P

^a.

.^d

<^a

a
in

Example

Gam-ut-Key.

a ^
<t

r^ Tr-77. " r ~~~~

'

_____

Zz""-

are/ r

C/

J_

_h

i\

TT" s "'h
1

r
r

<L

^
-

f
I

jT a a. >r ^n
-

_l_l
I
.

fii rij
'?)
II

^a

<cj

^a
Example
in

4
B-mi-Key.

-^a

r r r
a_

'

r ^^^- r

/p"n^i
r
'
I

g.

r ^^

Ti

air ^a
In
this hit

e/

r
^

j'<f

Lr
/

r <^a
Example, Tune F-fa'Ut,
(

^a
IVi?)*!'

i_a
)

or the

^fTiw^

Sharp.

n%

l^he
Now,
I will (

Lute made

Eafie.

according to my promife ) proceed , and enboth to advantage you farther in your Experience^ and deavour, Abilities^ in Reference to your more ExaU Performances 5. As alfb, ( if you take good notice of what you Qiall meet withall to enable you, to Manage the Lute, ( not only like a Good Scholar in playing oi LejSons^ (fet you) well, but) as a Majier: That is, To be able, ( upon the Touch of any Strings or Key ) fo
to follow fuch a Touchy or juch a J^umour^ <zj o the Ridden, you either accidentally Hit upon ; or elfe fliall "Defign unto yourfelf to foUon) like a Majier ; the which (ball be done, oy the Expreffions of (undry and various Humotirs, and Conceits, in the Nature of

7 lay, proceeding from One Key to Ano- what is to be and Naturally which is aThing very few know hovo fe"enc''oa** to do, and fewer put in TraBice: But none at all, (that yet I Voluntary could ever hear of ) who have attempted, to give it in Ex- ^^^^> "^^^ ^" ^^ "^' ample, as hereafter, In Thk Jfork^, you (hall find done. and make my T^ifconrI will therefore proceed to Examples fes upon (everal Cafes, according as Need Ihall require. To which end Imuft firft inform you, di Two ^Principal MatEx tempore,
ther.

or Voluntary

Orderly,

'-,

-,

ters, in

The

Reference to Voluntary Tlay. Firft is. You muft have a fpecial regard

to

That Tarticu-

the^Key""'"^

lar Keyyoufirfl Touchy or attempt to Play upon ; and is commonly done, when your Lute is tvell in Tune : And in the doing of

which. It is ordinary to ^em to 'Dtf>ell,ox: Abide uponlbme Strings or Note y by which the itey will quickly be known. Then idly, Exprefs fome little Humour, or other, prefently afterj by which the Auditor may difcern Ibme Shape, or Form of Matter, which you intend to follow : Both which, if you can do [Veil, and Maintain-^, you will pals for an Able LuteniSf, or
Majier.

Concerning
^^^ ^"^^e,

shape.

The Key may he known 4 fevcral ways. Firft, By the Bafs orT)iapafonj which
,

'^"

fhTkey
if

fe!

you make

for veraiways.

your Beginning Stroak^, there is no doubt, but It muft ftand for your Key. Secondly, by the Third, or Tenth, to your Bafs ( reckoning
upwards. J Thirdly, by the Fifih, or Twelfth, AndLaftly, by the Eighth.
I fay,
to the

Bafs.

As

for

vt-Key,

by thele Four ways, your Key may be known. Example Suppofe I intend to Play a Trlude in C-faand to manifeft, what Key I do intend to Play in, I will
:

begin Thus, with the la[i Great String, which of C-fa-ut.

.

is

the T)iapafoft

The Firli Trslude beginning in that Key C-fa-ut.

I
.

a
6'lS"

aeva

gr

gr
(>

ar
?>
i
:>

a/?'7\\ya

1 1

ar ~

a
CL
.
1

f?_a

fp

\
1

11
I

111
<P
[

I"

Q.

Here

ii6

The

Ctytl

Tart

or.

na
J

;
e/

J'-

i^d

7f

r'?)j)j?_i^_JL

jt
:3:

aii:
<

3JL

g ^g

^g

-"g

'

Here you may apparently difcern the Key, of This Tr^lude, by the Firji Note^ which is C-ft-ut. Now for the Fugue, Shape, or Form of Thk Leon, you (hall

know

7t

Thusis

(een in the firft /?tfry, in which is exprefl" a determinate Order , intimating Matter , and Form of ^otes , which. Matter , or Concert , 1 do intend to purlue, quite through the

The

F^e

Lejjon.
The meaning
of a tuge.

This Term Fuge, is a Term u(ed among Compofers 5 hy which They underftand a certain intended Crder^ Shape, or Form ofKotes'y an Extention 5 and is ufed in. fi'gnifying-, fuck a Matter, or fuch Mufich^, as^ The am, or as a fnhje[i Matter in Oratory, on which the
Orator intends
to Tiifcourfe.

And this is you may moft

c

the Nature^ and Vfe of a Fuge in Mnfickj) and, as plainly difcern, in This lajifet Lejjbn^
therefore,

and obferve the ifi. Barr, which fpeaks the Intent, or Conceit of the whole Lejjon ; each Barr varying a little, yet (as I may fay) TaUing of the FirU,ox Alluding There-

Examine It

nnto.

The very

Beft

xv^y, to pro-

cure Invention.

is the very roay , if well ZJnderftood, and Imitated, which occajion Invention, with much Edfe, and (areatT)elight : But ivili fiery : However, I at the pre Cent, will (or may) (eem a

This

My

will purlue It (b long, in what I doubt not, but you will Grapple

(hall hereafter let

down,

that

with the meaning of It, well, and to your great Satisfaction, and Advantage. before I conclude, From this Place, quite through the Book^, there is fcarce a Lejjon, but will Exemplifie This particular Matter of Invention. \ am Engaged next, to let you know, how to exprels your
Key, hy
a.

id. or icth. to yottrT)iapafon intended.

Now for Example,

Key.

you ftill intend

which
is

r-/a-///-^e;/

to touch your id. String,

a 3^. or 10th. to

and you begin your intended

Here is a Tnelude, which will ftiow you, how That may Hand(bmly be done 5 As alfo to Maintain a Fuge, or Humour.
The 2d. Tr^lude in the loth, above the Key.
J

;
I

r
\6'
.

r.

eg

J k k
_

J'

k^h

aG"^

'

ta

"
i

g a
'<P

gi
L
I

y y

.g.

-I

17^"

L
1

Here

The
J
j*

I^ute made Eape.

117

JJ

J
?)

;
r
gy

i*

h h
h_

'
I

agg
\j33I.
1

-T'^
ir
"I'S
It:

a
r gio.
I

r^

ir__r_i.
'^ja

_L
d
i*

^a
;
if

^a
d

^g
J
'ft

d
\6^
1

a
*

/p

^
r

'^i^

-h

r g

g
'?<5'

r
/P

i
1

g
<?g

a g r a
'^

11 11

<p

'^"

I'd
1

|g r 16^ d

J J 1

cL^a

^\

Here the ^Sej* obvious-, and TUin., as beginning on the 2:5^, String, (the Letter <b^ on the fame String being but the fame 7tfe, yet augments the Sound., and makes it aUttle FttUer-^) And that i^, 2/ liiay properly have a :'e^e /<? /jf, for Its Grace, ( the which is fet^ ) Ukewife the li?. ?>, in the 2^. Z'^rr^ The iji. 5^, in the 3^. ^^rr; The d', in the ^th. Barr j The iji. y, in the 5?k Barr ^ And the i/2. "b, in the 9^;?. ^^rr. Note likewife. That ^1/ thofe Letters., vfhich I have Noted for Beates, ff/uji be Jiruc^ with the Thnmb 3 and the Treble above each,
vptth the '2d. Finger.

Note.

the Fingering oftheLe/on. It, you may obfervc, That It All Tajis of or Similizeth with the ifi. Barr, in fome fmall kind yet not too much of the fame Humour 5 for that is Nautiom., and Tire-

This

may
,

fuffice, for

Now

as to the

Humour of

fome, ( which has been Anciently^ by (bme, us'd too

too little novo a days,
'

much ; but

by others. Judgment, gaind by Experience,

tmtjl be the beji TJireifor in

'

This Matter.
'

'

The laft part, Is a Htdea LQnto theFuge 5 yet peculiarly a Humour by Tt felf. ' For you may carry on, and maintain feverd FJwnonrs^ and ' Conceits, in thefameLefon^y provided they have fbme ./^;^7>j/, ' or Agreement one to the other : But That does require ibrae Ex* pericnce,and Judgment a\Co':,and more than fbme of our Late Com* pofers of Thefe Times fijevp , who make their LefJ'ons, as I have A * known Boys to make their Jacks of Lent 3 Tfmr Tjoublet-Skeves of foti) Conipariconcern* feveral Colours, and both differing from the Skirts.and the Body dijfr- ing Ridiculous * ingfrom All, (and yet all very Good Stup, Cloth,or Silks, had they Coin|ioriircs. * been properly, and Judicioujly plac"d-:,)xvbich kind of Ridiculous Com' pofures,have no Good Order, or Compendious Artifice in Them^but are A NecefTary, * made up at Random, by Hab-Nab, without Care, Ski Hior Judgment. and short Di' Now here, it will not be Impertinent, to make a'fhort Di- grefrion,CoinparingMufick ' grejjion, and to fay fomething in This BefpeB, of Mufick_ 5 which to Language, I believe, every one will not believe, or think poffibJe^ and ef- or Oratory.
*

pecially, in the matter

of

Invention, in Compofition.

But

ii8
'

The Chil Tart

'

or.

' ' '

Further Explained.
'

' '
'

But Thui much I do afirm^ and fhall be ready to Trove^ by '^emonflration, (to any Perfon Intelligible ) That Mujick^is as a Language^ and has Its Significations , as Words have , ( if not more ftrongly ) only moft people do not under ftand that ^ LaKguage ( perfedly. ^^'^ ^^ ^" Orator, (when he goes about to make a Speech, ' Sermon^ or Oration ) takes to Himfelf fbme Subjed Matter, to Exercife Mimfelf upon, as a Theam, Text, or the Li^j and in That Exercife, can order His Difcourfe, Or Form, various, and (undry ways, at his Pleaflire, and yet not ftray from, or loofe

'
'

Even fo may a Learmd MaUer, in This His intended Matter. and with as much Eafe, Scope, and Freedom Jrt, do the like ;
'

'(fignificantly.

Language, various Humotirs,Co/fceits, andTaJJios, ( of All Cons) may be Expreft , Co likewife in Mufick, may any ' Jr^imoiir, Conceit, or Tajfion ( never Co various ) be Expreft 5 ' and fo fignificantly, as any Rhetorical Words, or Expn/jfions are ' able to dof, only, (if I may not be thought too Extravagant 'in my Expreffions ) if any T)ifference be. It is. In that Ah/Jicl^^ ' (peaks Co tranlcendently, and Communicates Its Notions fo In' Intelledual , and Incomprehenfible telligibly to the Internal ThcDit-ine 'faculties of the Soul 5 Co far beyond all Language- oC 1ords, Power o\ Mu- ' that I confeft, and moft (bleranly affirnv,! have been more Scnas in
'
,

And

^''^'^-

'

'
'

'

Fervently, and Zealoujly CaptiiiMi^, and drawn into !Z)zvine Raptures, and Contemplations, bjT^Thofe ZJnexprcjfibk Rhetorical^ Vncontrottlable Terfwajions, imd Injirtt&ions of Mnjlcks Divine L.anguage, than ever yet I have been, by the beft Verbal
fibly.

'
'

Rhetoricko that

came from any Mans Mouth,

either in y/p77, or

ellewhere.

' ' ' ' ' '

Thofc Influences, which come along with It, may aptly be compar'd, to Emanations, Communications, or Dijiillations, of JVJyJiically , and fbme Sweet, and Heavenly Genius, or Spirit Vnapprehenfibly ( yet Effe&ually ) DifpoJJejfing the Soul , and
'
',

Mind, oC Jll Irregular T)ifiurbing, and Vn quiet Motions-^ and Stills, and Fills It, with Quiet7iefs, Joy, and Teace ; Jbfoluts Tranquility, and Vnexprejjjble Satisfadfion. I fpeaknot by Roat, but by Experience, and what I have often found, and
'

felt.

'

'
^

This Relation, will feem ftrange to many 5 which I fhall not wonder at 5 becaufe I know there are but few, which do arrive to that Height , and Degree of Experience , and Knowledge^ both of the Jrt, Trance, or Effe&s of //, or ( which is more ) that do make ufe of Their Mufick., in fuch a Solemn, and Divine tvay.

'

I muft break off This Difcourje-, in This Vlace, and reto teach my Scholar, how to begin to Play a Tr^lude, from turn The Example follows, in the next Page. the Fifth, or Twelfth.

But

Here

The

I^ute made Eafie,

T'rli(de in the Fifth.

U9

The Third
.a
S_
.<P--1

_<r-|

?>

^-\
I

fl!,ie/
i

a.

<p

a__Li r

'II

_r~

Ji l^^_3_a_!F
111
1

eTTTTw.

-a.

^ff

Jj2_
<P
T^

.la

a.

_aiL

r
J

"

-!-_

J2_3_J3
--a
5

Here

is

as appears

a Oiort TrxUtde^ which begins in the Fifths or Twelfth^ by the Firii Letter (d) upon the Trehk String.
,

The

/^>

or FJjimour

you may oblerve

lies in

the Firll

AWj-, and is maintained, quite through 5 One Strain Retorting upon the Other^ in Vnifm^mity 5 v/hich is a very GVe^/ Lovelinefs^ in Muscat Exprejjions 5 but is too much dil^regarded by many.
In the Playing of This Trlude, u{e yoUl" Fore-finger -Andi Tbimlf^ almoft quite through, according to the Rule of Clofe-pUj which
j

conceive you

may i^e^ez^^er.
The ^th. Trbtde in
the Eighth above.

n
-O.^ a. '7^ <t TtT^

J/
:>r

a r ~~J
i

>a

q
7>

a.

a
(L

<?

?r

a r

i?r

"oTTT
J

J J

a
r r

^1

r
6"
?i

J/ J/
/p
'7^

J'-J^Ji'
(Z.a
1

JJ^

a
g
.

a.r <bi,CLf r
TV
1

j^

<L

r
rt^

a r
<^
'

ar
r r
1

rrf

'aa
^a.

/f

la la
1
1

a
4
(J

^a
_2

''(S

^OL

-f-a

i^a.

^a

J-;

^g a ?f
a_<SL

.a.

arc a:r J
J
5

a_

_a_

jLia(_a
"I
1

J
i

_aj

--a"

1)

^a -^a: ^a ^a

^a

This Tr^lude begins in the Eighth^ to the T)iapafon but 5 .. IS properly enough fiid, to be the Key:, yet becaufe I toJd yau of the Eighth^ I have here done It.

You

no

Tf:?e

QiyilVan

or.

You muft know, that an Eighth, and a Vnifon, ( in AhJJc{(s Nature ) is the JelffafMc Thing in EffeB'-^ as I Ihallhere demonftrate, by an Example.
How
an

uiiS'iTfi'
nified"to"e'^" the fame -

*^^^' ^^^1/

For, let a Man, and a Woman ( or a Boy) jing any Song togeasNatu( Note, for Note-^ ) Jnd the Wom^n, or Boy,

mU

Thing i.Na.

but) fing an Eighth, above the Man, oi if they were both the fame j mhich not do in am other Chorde ivhate^,, y, fides.

(and cannot

mU

Andiaa
great Myflery.

jj

This Thing muft needs be accounted a ftfflnge Myjiery , and ^ pjj Subjeft for the Grcateft Thylofopher to ftudy to give a
for.

Good Reafon

Now, as you have obferv'd the laft ^Tralndes, in refpeft of Their Fugues, Orders, and Forms , So I pray do This, and you will find, that the FJnmour of the li?. 2 Barrs, is anCwered, and maintained in the :i,d. and ^th. Barrs ; Then, from thence, there
Another Flumonr, or Fiige maintain d to the End'-, yet various, but alluding partly to the \fl. In the Playing of It, ufe your Thumb, and 2d. Finger for the and lb with your Thumb, and Finger^ all the way, as Firfl Note you fee Tt Marked. I will now fct you a Sett, or a Suit of Leffons, ( as we commonly call Them) which may be of any Number, as you pleafe, yet commonly are about jRalf a ^ozen.
is
'1

in the Natureof aF<?//4r) or Tr<elude. Then, AUmaine, Ayre, Coranto, Seraband, Toy, or what you pleafe, provided They be all in the fame Key ^ yet ( in my opinion ) in regard we call Them a Suit of Leffons ) They ought to be Ibmething a Kifl, (as we uie to fay) or to have fbrne kind
Firfl alwiiys, fhould begin,

The

Tlay, which

we call a Tneludium,

of Refemblance
I

in their Conceits, Natures, or FJumours.

begin This Firfl Sett, with a Trludium 5 and ftill, by It, Endeavour your further JK^z-w^^/tf^, concern'mg Voluntary 'Flay, and maintaining a Fugue, Conceit, or Humour. Therefore Note
will

This following ^Frlude.

Here begins

the Firfl

Trlude of

the

8 Suits of Leffons, next following.

f -f

>g^

a
s

a
I

^a .f

,^~S^ ^ ^^^ >y a

I

.
i

^^^

-^

"g

'^

^rai

dTT

a
j'.J^&c.
J.J>
J*.

/.&C.

J7-/&C.

^g

<i

r
!
I

rg

/P

^^

g g
^

?>

afflig
I

?rg
<y

_ _____

l___JSICl

<P

g
Here

7 he Lute made
J>.J\&C-

Eafie.

Ill

i-

l_<?_a n\ a a

i\r

\
\

k >k h y

a
I

a
I

11
^tt
<<^a

L
I

&

ia

J-

^a
before

'a
is

-^a

g*a

5 ^a-^o.

Here
5

now
if

<

Longer TrUide^ than any yet you have had

obferve the

and

you

Eumour of the

lii.

you

will perceive,

That the

whole

Lejjon alludes to the

Two Bdrrs, fame

Thing 5 and yet with pkajant variety : I luppofe you will not fail in Playing it with True^ and Troper Fingering, by reafbn, that y owe Rules zxcibT lain, and often Repeated before. Therefore Tie fay no more of This, but proceed to the reft of
the Sett.

And Here
Firft

is

the Firft.
Sett, called the

The

Lepnofthe Fir^
v*.f-^ 5(6

Authors

Miftrefs.

S
1

'^h

vwk^
1

^arJ-"(L
.. .
j

>r a
J
1

<l>

S ^h
..

S\
.
,

>9^
..

..
1
1

Lojd

SotV

Lou.i

'^a

^a

a ~---\
1

II

s
<-fi

II

>(b

.f

J
1

5?)

^ri

\
I

''a

II

Soft
1

Luud

<9

^a
J

Soft

^a 4

#a

^a
J

T~"
I

"k

"h (?

'a

jur
Loud

ar

a\
J-CJljgi_
?>
1

ar
Loud

'S

-I,
5

g
'^a
-^a

Soft

--a

This

iiz
fm^Snn/nT'

The
'^^'^ ^^-^'^
^

Ci'vil

^art

or.

"^^ ^^ MWrefs'^ And I {hall not think It /pertinent, to detain you here a little Longer than Ordinary^ in concerning ThisLclTon; (peaking (bmething of If-, The Occafionoflf^ And why I give It That Name : And I doubt not, but the ReUtiony I ftiall give, lym^d^mct tofmik at It, ttay conduce to yout Advantage, in feveralRefpe&s but chiefly, in refpedt of Invention. You niufl: firft Know, That It is a Leffon, though Old:, yet I
f,

never

knew

Jt 'Dif-reliJIoed by

in This Book^, of that Jge, as

Any-, nor is there any One Leffon, It is 5 yet I do Ffieem Jt ( in Its

for feveral

Kind ) with the Beji Lefon in the Booh^, sons, which I (hall here fet down.
It is

Qood Rea-

(This very Winter ) juft 40 Years fince I made It 5 (and yet It is New , becau(e All like It ) and Then , when I was paft being a Suitor to my Bep Beloved, 'Deareji, and Sreeeteli
'

Tlie occafion ofThisLcffjn.

Living- Mijlrefs'-i But not Married'-, yet Contriving the Bei, and Readied way towards It : And Thus It was, * That very Night, in which T was Ths Agitated in my Mind, < concerning V.er, (* My Living Mijlrefs'-, ) She being in York*

83*

and My Self at Cambridge, ) ClofeJImt up in My Chamber, Still, and Quiet, about 10, sr ll a Clocks at Night, Mujtng, and * Writing T etters to Her Her Mother, and fome other Iriends, in * Summing up, and 'Determining the whole Matter, concerning Our Marriage : (" Tou may conceive,! might have very JntentThoughts^ all that Time, and might meet with fome Tlifficulties. ( For as yet^ * / had not gain d Her Mothers Confent-) So that in My Writings^ ' I was fometimes put to My Study ings. At which Times, ( My Lute ''lying upon My Table ) I fometimes took^Tt up, and J4all(d about ''My Chamber'-, Letting ray Fancy Drive, which way Jt wonld,
fhire,
'
-,

(for Jfiudied nothing, at that Time, as to Alnfick^) yet my Secret Genius, or Fancy, prompted my Finders, ( do what I could J into ' This very Humour So that every Time I walled, and took^ up ''Lute, (in the Interim, betwixt Writing, and Studying) 7his ' Ayre would needs offer It felf unto Me, Continually Info much
' '
',

My

-,

( liking it Well, ffould be Lofi, ) I tookJPaper, and fet It down, taking no further Notice of It, at ' That Time But afterwards, Itpafs'd abroad, for a very'rleafant^ * andDelightful Ayre, amongfi All'-, yet I gave It no Name, till a. * long Time after, nor taking mere Notice of It, ( in any particular * k^nd ) than of any other My Compofures, of That Nature. But after I was Married, and had brought My Tlife Home, to Cambridge 5 It fo fell out, that one Rainy Morning IJiay'dwith' in and in My Chamber, My Wife, and I, were all alone 5 She In* tent upon Her Needle-Works, and I ^layinguponmy Lute, at the * Table by Her'-, She fat very Still, and Quiet, Litlning to AU ' Tlayd, without a fiord a Long Time, till at laft, I hapned to Tlay
'

that at the

laji,

( and

leji It

'

'-,

'

',

This Leffon

'

de[md
*

Me

which, fofoon as I had once Tlayd, She EarneUly lay It again j For, faid She, Thatfljallbe Called^ to
5

My Leffon.
From which
came
prefently

fVords, fo (poken, with Emphajis, and Accent, It into my Remembrance^ the Time when, and the Oc'

cafion

The Lute made

* *

Eafie.

iz}

cafon of Its being produced^ and returned Her Thk Anfieery viz. That It may very properly he c all'd Tour Lejfon-, ForvphenlCom' ^ fos'd Ity Ton were wholly in My Fancy ^ and the Chief ObjeSf, and * Ruler pf My Thoughts telling tier how^ and when It was made
--^

.'

* *

Jfid

Therefore, ever after,

I Thus Call'd It,

My Miftrefs

f Jnd

moji of My Scholars fince, call It, Mrs. Mace, to This 'Day. 1 hus have I detain'd you, ( I hope not too long ) with This Ihort Relation ^ Nor ftiould I have been fb feemingly Vain, as to have Inferted It 5 But that I have an intended purpole, by It, to

give fbrae Advantage to the Reader, and doubt not, but to do It, to Thofe, who will rightly confider, what here I (hall further fetdown, concerning It, Now in Reference to the Occajion of It, &c. It is worth taking Thertare Notice; That there are Times, and particular Seafons, in which Jcnnef^'^^d' the Jbleli Majier, in hk Art, (hall not be able to Command his Times of Invention, or produce things, fo to his Content, or Lifqng, as he Fl^"'^' '" fhall at other Times 3 but he (hall be (as it were ) Stupid, T)ull, invemion!

and Shut up, But again,

zny Neat, Spruce,ox Curious Invention. he will have Inventions come flowing in upon him, with fo much Eafe, and Freedom, that his greateft Trouble will be, to Retain, Remember, or Set Them down, in Good
as to

at other Times,

Order.
*

*
'

Yet more particularly, as to the Occajton of This Leffon'-^ I would have you take notice, that as it was at fuch a Time, when I was Wholly, and Intimately poffeffed, with the True, and Terfi^ Idea of my Living Mifirefs, who was at That time
'

Fair , Comely, Sweet, debonair, Vnifirmly-Neat, and Com^leat: How could ( poffibly) my Fancy Run * upon any Thing, at That Time, but upon the very Simile, Form, * or Lih^nefs, of xhe fame Subflantial Thing. And that This Le^on doth Reprefent, and Shadow forth fuch The Story apa True Relation, as here I have made, I delire you to take notice ^^^'t ^^\
*

Lovely every

way

of It,

every Particular 3 which I afTure my fel^ may be of Be- fon Explain-* ed. nefit to any, who (hall ob(erve It well. Firfl: therefore, obfcrve the Two Firfl Barrs of If., which ThcEuguc. will give you the Fugue-, which Fugue is maintained quite through the whole LepnSecondly, obferve the Form, and Shape of the Whole Lepn, The Humour,
in

which confilts of Two t^z/orif, and Equal Strains both Strains having the fame Number of Barrs. Thirdly, ob(erve the Humour of It 5 which you may perceive The ( by the Marks, and T)ireBions J is not Common. Thefe Three Terms, or Things, ought to be confidered, in All Compofttions, and Performances of This Nature:, viz. Ayrcs, or the
'.j

Form.

Like.
'

The Fugue,

is

Lively

Ayrey, Neat, Curious,

and

Sweet, like

*
-'

my Mifirefs.
'

The Form,

is

Vniform, Comely, Subflantial, Graven and Lovely^

* likg

my Mifirefs,

''The

124
*

^^^
T'/^e

^^^^^

Van

or 3

Izufaour, is JiguUrlji Spruce,

^miahle^ Tleafant, Ohljgjn^^

'

and
'

Innocent, like

my

Miji?cjs-

'^

This Relation, to fome may feem Odd, Strange, Utmorem, and I prejume ) It may he Intelligible, ^Impertinent , But to Other andVjeful-^ inthatlkpoTB, ( by Good Experience ) that in Mu^ Cu\ All Theje Significations, ( and vajily many more ) may (" by ^ an Experiencd'i and Zlnderjlanding Artiji ) be Clearly , and

^X

'

'

'

'
^

mofi Significantly Exprefs'd 5 yea, even Of by Language It felj^ C If not much more Effe&tkilly* Jnd alfo, in that I J^ono, that as aTerfon is Affe&ed, or Dif in his Temper, or Humour, by Reafondf vohat ObJcSl ( of his fofed Mind ) fiever He flmll at That Time produce Matter, ( if h?
i ',

) Anfwerable to That Temper, T>ifpofition, or humour^ which he is. ''in ' Therefore I would give This as a Caviat, or Caution to any, A Good Caution for Com- < ^^o do attempt to Exercife Their Fancies, in fuch Matters of ' Inventiou'i That They obferve Times, and Seafons, and. never Force ' Themfelves to any Thing, when they perceive an Indifpofition ^ "but * rtktit for a fitter, and more Hopeful Seafon for rchat comes moU ' Compleatly, comes mofi Familiarly, Naturally, and Eafily,vpithout 'Tumpingfor-o(a&wduiB to Cay-) ' Strive therefore to be in a Good, Chearful, and Tie ant FJuof * fkour always',' when you would Compofe, cr. Invent , and then, fuch ' will your '^roduBions bi .: or to fay better, Chufe for your Timt \ of Study, afid Invention, ( ifyou may ^ That Time, wherein yoH * / are fi 'Difpofed, as I have ^Declared.
be put to It
'-j
.

^.'^"^

And

douhtlefs, as It jt in the Study,

dndTroduUions of Mu-

f. Directions, ro Play the Mi.

^fckjy fi^uBIt needs be,ini SI other Stiidies, where the ufe,and Ex^ 'xrcife of Fancy is Requirable. I will therefore take a little more pains than ordinary, to ffiye ' " ^^. . . ,^. n n fisch Dueiftions, as you Ihall no ways ivrong, or in;ure my Mt.
.

ftrefs well.

ftrefsy

but

do Her
;
.

all

the Right
.
1

you

can, according to

Hen True
.

'Deferts,

.;

r-}

Firfl: therefore, obferve to Play, Soft, and Loud, as you (ee It Mark'd quite! through the Ze/fo. Secondly, ufe That Grace, which T call the Sting, where you ,, t feelttet, and the Jj&m^er after It. the laft 4 J>r^/, obferve the J/ifi^ej-y tfWJ'/^rj-, And then and you cannot fail tokaow my Mijirefs's Humour, provided you keep True Time, which you muft be extreamly careful to do, ia

All Leffons : For Time is the One halfofMufick. And now I hope I (hall not be very hard put to it, to obtain my Tardon, for all This Trouble I have Thus put you to, in the Exercife of your Patience s efpecially from Thofe, who are fo Inge^ nious, and GoodNaturd, as to Trize, and Value, fuch Singular^ and Choice Endowments, ^S: I have here ^ade mention of, info Abfolute, and Compleat a. SubjeU ; As alfo, in that they may (evemy C^ief Aim, and j-al ways gznaAdvantagesTherehy-y which h
Tfrift.
c

I will

The Lute made Rape.

now ftt you, the 2^?. Lefon of This Sett, whkhftiallbe one of the fame Kindred j and indeed It is (b nearly Related unto the Firft, as I can give It no JSIame (b proper, as the Offfaring ; becaufe It came ( as I may fay ) out of the Firft, ( as you Ihall hear ^ ) For after fome time, that My Mijirefs grew in FJiee/n, and to be fb Generally we 1/ liked of (a^l have declared ) I was defired by fome of My Scholars, to make another Part, to Play at the fame time with That my Mijirefsy upon another Lute : Whereupon I Set This next Lejfon and It is Co made, that It is both a.Confort Lefion, ( to the former, upon another Equal Lute ) and does pais alfb for a Lone-Le^on--, and call'd often the 2d. Tart, or Tart of My Miflrefs. And here It is.
I will
as
:,

VL%

Theid.Lefse"c

Named

theoff-fpring.

J-J^
~?> <?
1 \

a
?

U-J^
h_L
-h -^i
.1
f

i
i

"~a"

a
So:
J.

S^JJ'EK
j
LP
I

<i^.

a a
^QL
<^a.

^4^

-^a

a
I

J
I

c!

<;

'^ea
i:U

^_^e^__e/_r_a

r
J-\iL.

^S
So:

"
/ (

IlEi^E!

So:

^a

-^a

i^a

-^a

/?ra

af?

(^

w j^

J7
g^
I

J'

J wh
I

T~hTr

k h

Jh

h
I

L
Lo:
In the ufe
Ai->

So:

5 ^o.

you mufh Note Two Things efpecially. The Expl anathe "P^^y J*^" Confort,(withnat ^"y Sff-^i^'g! .U^^TL^r Tmo laji Notes the Fourth other) 1 hoje of BaVr^andthe Three Firji of the Fffth Barr^may be: left unplayed, (which thing we call Refting-^) becaufe They are the very fame Notes, in that place, of the fore"going le/ont, fothat although It will be Difeord, (if Played) yet It is not accounted Handfom to Play the/me Thin^ upon 2
Lef?on,

of This

^^Ya^T

"?^r

veral hiUnments, i onfort-wife, at the fame time. But when Itjs Played as a Lone-Lefon, Thofe Notes are very Tro^ ftr, and ht Aire, to come in, in ThatTlace,m Reference to the Retort in the next Tvpo Barrsfolloxciug.
. ;

f,-

But when

It is

Played, as
to

more Ample and Modifl,

ReU Them

aTart- Lejfontothe other Lute

5 Notes,

thenTlaywgThm) for that the 2 one the other much more ca^pkatly, in t^e f^me Kind,

his (The other Lute Z^^w^will Retort, and An fwer

orffumour.

The

ii6
The
'id.

The Qhil Tart ;

or.

Thing obfervable is. That when you Play It for a Lone-Lefofty you muft, (for the Humour fal^) make Three Tanfes^ in the laji Strain^^x. Thofe Three 'Tlacet Where you will find Thefx Thus "^ Marked j and Thofe Three Notes al(b to have the StingGrace, ( as you may (ee It (et before Them.) This is all I ftiall hint you unto, in Thjf LeJJbn ; for I believe you will find the Humour of Tt Eafily^ in regard It is fo near of Kin to the former ) only remember to Play It Soft^ andLoud^ as you fee It Marked. Take notice alfo of the Fugues which are in It, maintain d to the end, yet various from the other.
The^d. Lejfonofthe
J
iji. Sett,

named

the

Cozcn-German.

aW

*a

a
^a

r ^ a

Qj

=Tr

T
So;

^a 4

^^
i*

L-o:

"Soi

J-X
iJ___f'a

M
II

^r
I

a
'ail

cd
(__
(.

<?

i^

Di i__fi-^-a r
Lo:

I-:
I

|_
'a_
_::

"<?i

T
5

^a

^a
Ji*

^a

So:

u
_L
f

J.

^TTr* ^ jg^ai_

'^aW

? 7) <p

g
>V G.L
JO-W

T
Lo;
i^a

r g

.na.
So:

.L

^g

^a
I

^g ^g

''g

you Thefe Three Lepns together, in and 'Pra&ice that you may the more ( for your Experience, be informed in That Main Thing, which I have driven at for you. a Fugtte, and fi to viz. To be able to kfton>, the manner of Managing
have on Turpofe,
Cct

maintain It, as to bring It in, ^Property, mth yourwholeTiifcourfe, Matteryou intend into a True and Handfom Form, or Shape, in any And in may of Extemporary, or Voto purfue, or have a T)efignfor 5
luntary 'Play.

And

as

you

or Likenefs of more plainly perceive by Them, after what manner, you

lovp,

TLT ^ ^ , jim {kc,Thefe Three Lefons,2irc o fuch a Near Affinity, Humour, or Conceit, one to the other, you may the

may fol"

and vary a Fugue,

lajl

6cc.

In This
tain

Eefon, you
-,

will (ee the Fugue fottovp'd,

and main-

to the
It is

End

bccaufc

fo varieujly pcrform'd,

5 and without being Glutted--^ and upon Sundry^, andTleafant

or Cloyed with It

Keys.

The
Keys.

luHte made Eafte,

VttiformJty^ or

Likemfs ofeach Strain^ 3\Cooi One Strain to another. what is When I talk oiVniformity in a Leffon^ I mean Thus. are to confider of the Lejffon^ chiefly as to Form, ov Shapes unUormty which Thing concerns the Compofer^principally to be carejnlof'-^ But a Ltflbn. as for FugMc, or fiumour^ you may let Them be what they will j yet ^
bethvpjthin Themfelves^
2lX\A

As

alfo the

ExaU

We

of

They would be
in

have Neatfiefs, and Sfrucenefs bemaintain'd Vniformly^ and F.-venly. "^^e. firft In which Thing we muft ever have a Care, firft to make our j&<rr<f ofevery Strain^in Numkr, Even,(yiz. 4, 6, 8, 10, 1 2, or e^t ._) v!bl7'in Unhand Rarely, or Never to mak a Strain of Odd^ (viz. 5,7, 9, 11, formity, or 13, c^c. ^ jP^rrj- in a Strain ; for if at any time you chance to meet with a Strain, confifting of Odd Barrs, perule That Strain rcell'-, 'Fonder It in Its Fugue, Matter and Form, and you will ( in the En^d) perceive, that either fome one oiThofe Barrs, might rcell have been fpared, or elfe Jome other put in, or added, (here or there) which naght much more have Amplified the Strain But being as It is, with an OddBarr, you will find it Tncompleat, and that is , It will not throughly pleale you, ( if T>if-fatisfai$ory y on have a True, and Uniform Fancy.) For It may very aptly be compared to an Overfight, in the ma- ^ comparifon king of Verfes, where the ^oet (inconfiderately) puts in a Foot too betwixt Muand'm the True Scanning ofJuchVerfes, rduch, Ota Foot too little JVtSyou may eafily perceive theni Fobhle, and not run fmoeth, which fit^'" fecT"*'
Co contriv'd, as to

Them 5 and to

'^

:>

-,

i,

is

a great hlemijfj to the

Work.

fers

There have been, and ftill are, very good Majiers, and Compoas alfo, 'Poets, which do not regard this one Thing 5 And lam very confident, ifltey were hinted to It, and did well confider It^ Themfelves would acknovoledge Their Overfight^ and for the /%-,

always retain the Obfervance of It. 2d. Thing,which makesVniformitf more Lovely in a Strain, is. That Thofe Fven Barrs, may bear fome kind of Correfpondency, (as I may fty ) Affinity, or Likenefs in their Form, or Shofe, one to another 5 as you may very plainly perceive there rsin Thefe 3 foregoing Leffons, ( more Examples of which , I (hall not need to fet down, to caule you to underftand my meaning.) Thefe Two Cenjiderations are to be had, in Reference to one Strain of a Le^on. But the 3<^. Thing, which will make an Abfolute, Compleat, and The Third Terfe^ Vnijormity in a Le^on, is, when both Strains, are fo con- "^^^^i ' =>>' fohue ""'^ Unifor-'^ triv'd, That They agree Equally, both for Number of Barrs, and for mky. Shape and Form, in fuch a Retorting way, as is likewife plainly to be (een in Thofe 3 laft mentioned Leffons. I (peak not This to Bind, or Reftrain the unbounded, and unture,

The

limited Braveries of Fancy, or Invention of any 5 For I know there are very Excellent Compojures oCaW Forms, and Shapes, and of Even and Odd Barrs, according to the various Humours and
Tleafures of

Men.

And
(for
all

fometimes for a Conceit fake, I have done the like yet ; that) upon a Revievp, and better Conftderation, I could
fee

12.8
fee where,

The
I mufl: call It )

Qy Van
il

or

and how eaGiy

and
fb

to Correl$ Cuch a'Defe&ion, (forfoftill

Ze/S?ftillthe more Compkat,

in the Faficji, or

1)iminij\nng--y

make my

Humour, by either Jdding, or and

'Uniform.
o

things are Good, yea very Good ; but yet upon j^fierCofjfderation, we have met with the Comparative, which is Better-^

Many

yea, and after That, with the Superlative^ ( Fefi

ofAU) by

or Altering a little, the fame Good Thing. ^^" Thing which I thus hint unto, with what went before,. (I Anaffured way, to make dare avouch with confidence ) will (by a due Chfervance oi^Jf) ^ ^^^ ^eady, and certain way ( eafil) ) to make EandGood^Uffons' P^^^ fom, and Good Ayre 5 efpecially for f ejions of ajljort C^t, fuch as are AUmaines, Ayres, Corantoes, Serabands, and liich like.

Adding

to,

'

They would ever be made Vniform, and Even.

But as long Lefons, viz. Traludes, Fancies^ Tavines, &c. It is not a Matter of to great Concern 3 becau'e, that in the Exceeding Len^h of Them, there cannot be fuch a l^ice Notice, taken of their Cutf, or Shapes ; befides. The} have many times Humours of Taufes, and FlounJIxs, in a mild way, according to their Nature, that it is not expefted from Them, to appear in fuch an Exa^, and TunClual Form, as one of ThefeJJjort Ones, which is (more in ufe, and of a more eafie 1)ijcern 5 ) Commonly, like a Pair of Verfes, of Six, Eight, Ten, or Twelve Feet, which if either be
too long, or too ftiort, a very Indifferent Obferver, may (bon e(py the T)efe&. The(e 3 laft Lejfons, although I have given them Cvich Fanftcal, FJumorous, or Conceited Names , yet ( according to their Forms, and Shapes, and Order of their Time,oi Troportion) may be call'd

flmt AUmaines, or Ayres. And that you may hereafter know how to give Right, and Troper Names to all Leffons you meet with, take notice of 716^ General way, how you may know Them, and bow you may Order
Them. There are firft Trdudes, then Howtoknow, and give right ^^/j,. Ravines, \thly. AUmaines,
2dly. Fancies,
^thly. Ayres,

and

Voluntaries,

6thly.

GaUiards,

Serabands, c/thly. Tattle de Moys, lothly. fomZiLcf 7*^b- Corantoes, Sthly. ibn",&c/' 'Chichonas, iiihly. Toyes, ov Jiggs, \ithly. Common T/ww; But laftly, Grounds, with Tjivifions upon them.

And of every of 7y&e/e,I will give you forae kind of Knowledge, hv Way oi T)efcription. The Trslude is commonly a "Piece ofConfufed-wild-fiapelefs-kind Txhe S'
TheDefcripIijdc.

It ) in which no pevkQ. Form, of Tntricate-Tlay, (as moft ufe Shape, or Uniformity can be perceived 5 but a Random-Bufmefs, Tottering, and Grooping, up and down, from one Stop, or Fey, to another j And generally, Co performed, to make Tryal, whether

i.The Fancy,
or Voluntary.'

the Jnjlrument be weUin Tune, or not , by which doing, after they have Compleated Their Tuning, They will (if They be Majlers lay, more InteUigifall into fome kind of Voluntary, or Fan^cal ^/e^ which ( if He be a Majier, Able _) is a way, whereby He may more FuUy, and Tlainly (hew His Excellency, and Ability, than by

any

The Lute made Eafte,

other kind of undertaking ; and has an unlimited^ and tmbotmded L ibertj 5 In which, he may make ufe of the Forms^ and Ships

z^

oj all the reU.

of 2, 5, or 4 Straws, very Grave, and SaArt, and Trofundity, but (eldom us'd, in Thefe our Full of her Light T>ays. AUtnaincs, are Lepns very Ayrey , and Lively-^ and GeTavities^ are Leffons
)

j pavines.

4.Alimaine,

oi \!n& Common^ oxTlain-Tjme. Ayres, are, orfhouldbe, o^ xh^ ftrue Time, (yet many make Tripla's, and call them (b;) only they differ from yfiife?^//??/, by being commonly Shorter , and of a more Quicl^^, and limbic
ncrally

of

Two

Jifr^/^j-,

y.Ayres,

'performance.
Galliards, are
Sober.

Le/onso^

2,

aSlovp, and Large Triple -Time

or 9 Strains, but are perform'd in and (commonly) Grave, and

i,

^ Gaiiiards;

Coranfoes, are Lejjons

fle-Tme

commonly of
Erisk^,
,

Vigour, Lively,

of a Shorter Cut, and of a Quicker Triand full of Sprightfalnefs, and and Cheerful.
2 Strains,

7. Corantoes,

Serabands
ToyiJJ},

of the and Light, than

are
<5^e

Shorteji Triple-Time
Corantoes-^

but are more

g. ^erabands,

and

commonly of

Two

Strains.
is a A^cn? Fajliiond Thing, much like a JVy^9. Tattle de has more of Conceit in It, as ( in a manner ) ^oys. ^(?;/^/^ fpeaking the word, ( Tattle de Moy ) and of Humour 5 C as you will find, 4uite through Thif Book,, where they are (et ) That

Trf/z/e

My,

only

It

Conceit being never before Publiihed, but

Broached together with

Thfs V/orki It may fupply the Place of a Seraband , at the

Leffons, at

End of a

Suit of
'"-

any Time.
chicho"*^'

Chichona^s, are only a, few Conceited Flumorom Notes, at the end of a Suit of Lefjons , very Short, (viz,.) not many in Numbsr ^ yet fometimes confifts of Two Strains, although but of Two Semibreves in a Strain, and commonly, of a Grave kind of Humour.
Toys, or '^iggs, are L^igbt-SquibbiJJj Things, only
t^iical,
fit

for /vrfort

n-

Toys," or

and Eajie-Light-Headed People 5 and are of any

of

^'^^^'

Time.

Common Tunes, (fo called) are Commonly known by the li-CommcD Boys, and CommonPeople, Singing Themin the Streets 5 and are of ^""' either jtfrf of Time, of which there are many, very Excellent, and
well Contrivd Pieces, Neat,

and Spruce Ayre.

13. Grounds.

Grave, and which, ( after It is exprefi'd Once, or Twice, very Plain5 ly ) then He that hath Good Brains, and a Good Haiid, undertakes to Play (everal "Divifions upon It, Time after Time, till he has (hew'd his Bravery, both of Invention, and FJand. Thus, I have given you to underftarid, the (everaly^;-//, and Shapes, of moft Leffons in ufe. I will now proceed in This Suit of Lejffons, and here fet you a (hort Coranto, as you (hall lee following in the next Page.
is

The Ground,

a fet

Number of <5V(?w AWi-, very

Stately

7^^

I}0

The Qhii ^art ;

The
J\th.

or,

Lefon of the

iji. Setty

kwg

a Coranto.

a
1

a\
.
/

av.^

ojEi"^

\a
1 1

a jT

a\ la

1
..

1 r

fill
1
1

lari ra ?> U
1 1 1

'a
1

^1
1

?)

>6'

ai s-^ir
1

?) iTTiT

III
1

11^
(

nr
7)
1

li

T'li
II

<P16^
"^a.

11

^a
I J

^a

^a
J-/

^a
J J
jg-

J-i*
<PI
I

^1^
CJiri
J_r_
1'^

_^^l^a

g r ^
a JOI

-I
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iHarx
J
I
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/

^a

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<p| /pli

4^a

^a

'a

This Lejjen I call a Coratito^ and Troprly, as you may fee, both by the 7;>;e, and Shape of It 5 However, I would have It TUfd in a Slo-w^ and Lcrg Trcporticn : For the Nature oFit, is far more Scher , than a Ccravto , and will pleafe you much better
fo.

ThtFngue

is

(een, in the 5 Fzr/? Notes^ and perceptible

all

o-

ver the Lejjon.

The Form is Eve ff^ ZJmform, andTerfe^. The Humour^ is a kind of Sorrovping^ Tittj/wg
A General
Obfervation.

and Bemaa.'

ning.

how
mour

to find

ut the Huof a Lcflon.

General Fnmotir of any LeJJbn, take 72- as a and Conjiani Obfervation wz,. oblerve It, in Its form, ov Shape if you find It Vniform., and Retortive^ either in 7/x Barrs, or Strains^ and that It expreffeth J'^(7r? Sentences^ ( as you may ob{erve in y^Z? T/^e/e laftlour Lepns^ that they have done 5) Then you will find it very Eajie , toFumow a Lef^on^ by Playing fbme Sentences Loud, and' others again Soft ^ according as they bcft pleale your own Fancy , fome Very Briskly , and Conragioiifly , and fome again Gently , Lovingly , Tenderly , and

And

as to the

--^

-^

Smoothly.

what gives
the ChJefefl Luftre to Play.

forget not efpecially , in (uch Humours , to make your Taufes, at Tropcr Tlaces, ( which are commonly at the Z^;?J of fuch Sentences, where there is a Long Note, as eafily you will

And

know how
you.

to do, if

you give your mind to regard

I

ffich Things,

which give the Greatefl Lnflre in Tlay, as

have already told

that I need

The playing o?This Leffon, is fo Familiarly Eafte, fey no more to It. Therefore here is another.

The

The Lute made

The $tL

Eafte.

^^

L epn of the Jft. Sm^heing a Coranto,5f call'dj. like my Humour well

jai.
1

J - a

__a a
I

iLla J rz ^"^^ ?) ,, 1^ nj
)

r~

6^

^
^^

'i)tf'

ai
i_r_

iLia

la

i_i

fZ-

i~ iz

gia
I

ciiau

'7)

^1

II

J.
5

^a ^a

J.
5

=^a

J-;
a.

J
I

J7

J.J^

ia
Ta
<p/p

r_

r
I

r (c
i;

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i I

r
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irui-'

i-__ii_(

r^r?r~~i
I

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^a
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J

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JJ-J
f

J
"i^

j-j

j-n
ri
-;^
.

j-j"

J-/

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--ftia

JlJr
"2_

i/7>-:fTi;rir^ ><Pa|-

J
f
I

ji.
i_

JA.

/P..

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]*

a
J

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II

This Lepn liiay rather be called a HufHoHr^ than a Cvlranto and has Its Fugue, or SithjeSl Matter ( upon which It Treats) expreft in the iji. Two arts,
-,

ii

which

is

throughout maintained, with

Fiaftdfow,

All

( of the fame Nifmkr /?/ Barrs h and yet the ijii Two Strains are 5 which is no Errour, but (bmetimes, (^iox Humor-fak^ more Tleafant ^^ T)elightfitl, as in this 3,5/. Strain, which is HftmoroHf, and Conceited, and (eems to Moc^, or Mowe^ or 7e^; to be ^/y?^, or Afejr^ , as if it were telling (bme Jiggijli Story^ arid Tointirig at T'/^^-, or 7%(?* ^<7f(y, all along, till it comes to the 4 lajl Barrs, where you fee the Letter (i^) upon the -idi String, With a Full St0p j and where you muft ?<?/?, andafethe Stinging Grace a Trittji while ; and then Sofilj/ whirl ariDaj , and
,

Tn^ fi^rw \sViform,

and Various Tntermixiurei. each Strain within It felf ) though not

Conclude. And although

Conceitednefs

it be Coranto-Time , yet ( in regard of the of the Humour ) I give It That Name. And becaufe, that Corantoes (Generally) are but of Two Strains ^ Therefore I will here following, (et you a Terfeif Co^ ranto, having (aid (ufficiently concerning Thif*

S 3

fk

The Qyil Tart

The
$th.
;

131

or.

Lepn of the

iji-

Sett, being a

Coranto.

aSSG,

-|
'

^
'

ITU
/^

/P

la
\'h

Id

6"

^a
J
I
I I

J/./&C.
P A r':^a
.

J
-

;
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t
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r
-7)

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'6 r

-^^

'-^'7i\ -I

^1

To a
~^.7)

riir
11

_i
.

.:.
i

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1

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a

a
r

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r vJc^ r c/ __ IJ 1^ 7^1 7MI

.

a r
1

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-

I)

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TX^

-If

a r r r _fL ^ci_aj_ji
La
\ )

^LI_:uL<^lil-^
I

l_

:p

/P^

l?>

f^

This Le^ou
in the \fi.
Its T-i^riw is

is

Two

a TerfcU Coranto^ and has /if/ /wg'e expreft Barrs, and is throughout maintained.

mour

if Solid,
5

gumentation

Vfijfirm , each J>r.z within Tt fdf-^ the FuGrave, and very Terfivajive, by way of ArFxpojiulating ( as it were ) the Matter with
,

much
ing
lily
<5flf/f,

Ferventnefs

which yon
in
lye.

mufl:

humour, by perform5

and Lottd-tlay,

Troper Tlaccs

where you m^y

ea-

perceive fuch

Humour to

Such Ohfervations, as ^TAe/c, will prove (everal ways Beneficial unto you 5 both as to your Delight, in your undertaking 5 and alfb, a Help to Jncreafe your Knowledge, and Judgment far beyond that Common rvfiji ofPoaring, and Tlrudging at the Tra&ice of Lefons, only to Play them Readily, and Quick > which
,

feldom, or never Troduceth ytdgment, but leaves This Knowledge ever behind 7ifv which is much more than the dne Half of the

Work'
1 will

now Conclude This Suit ofLeffom,

to do,
(

with a Light Eujinefs,

commonly we u(e bands ) But becaule

as

and moft commonl y cali'd a SeraI will be a little Modijl), I have invented a Nevp-Fajhiond-One , which I call a Tattle de Aloy ; Eecaule
It

"

The Lute made

It Tattles^

Eafie,

133

and fiems to fpeak^-, you may perceive by the Five

"Fhe yth. Lejfon^

Thoje very jVords, or Syllables, as

Firji Letters

of It.
jji- Sett.

and Conclupon of This

a
'/P

a
i
1

a
t

a\

ai

(
1

a\

al
\

"'^1

1J

r r

^_

(
1

'<p

'^

>a
G.

i_

r
a
r

^a

J.

/J
'h\

J-

/J
1

J-

J
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a
a
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n-n^^^ai

- :a

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la
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/PI

1.

III
>a
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I I

d-

d J
/

J'J'J&C.
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d J
1

d-d

rL
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^?)l_ ai__ ^l__<P.ai a~" air" ri

I
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la
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l<?
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<^a

J(r o.i

,({

,ii

-^a

without /jfj- i%?/e, /^r?, and //!/<?" 5 y^^ K>hich\ doubt not, but you will readily find out. The Fugue.is in the iji. 2 ^^rrj , the Form is abfolutely Terfe^, and Vaiform, as you may perceive by the whole. For you may ( by your Ejie ) divide It into 4 Equal Tarts, ( viz. 4 Tzfes Eight Barrs. Its Humour is ToyiJJi^ Joccond^ Harmlejs, and Tleafafit ; ^nd, as if it were, one T laying with, or ToJJing a Bally up and down 5 yet It (eems to have a very Solemn Cotintenance^ and like unto one of a J(?^er, and Innocent Condition^ or 'Difpojition 5 not ^//V^, ^/i/7j,, or r#v/<j/, &c. As to the Performance of Tt, you will do well to Remember, Memento, as in all the reft, fo in This) to Play Loud, and J'^/?, fometimes ( ii^,' -"J Briikly, and fometimes Gently, and Smoothly, here and there, chid Crace.^ as your Fancy will ( no doubt ) Trompt you unto, if you make a Bi^ht Obfervation of what I have already told you. * Tbefe ways of TUfcourfe, will Ceemjirange, to very many, at the ' firftjbecaufe r^y aremufnal-^ yet I am not out of /3%,butthat Teldiingfdif7y6zf Lejion is fiot
,

* *

after a'Deliberate-ConJfderation, had upon the Matter, ( toge- fersuom'the ther With the Tra&ice, of what they may here find; as alfo Common ivay. comparing This way^ ofOpen, and Free Teaching, with That Gene-

ralClofe,and Refervedway, all along us'd) I do not doubt, but they will find fuch Good Acceptance, as there will be a i?/^/^^ * /' mde of Them ; by which the LutefluU be Redeemed fom
ho(e

II

1
1

II

134
Its Bentfit,
t
J'fiffj'g

The
Jgnorafity
,

Ciyil

Van;
.'

or.

and Advan-

and Belying-Refroaches, and Slanders^ Tphjch Jt ^^ ^ ^-^^^^^^ ^ ^^ ^;^^^ ^erg<,e Jtid alfo be fo I//Jirated, * and brought into 'Deferved Efieem again^ that for Ever after, Jt 'fJiall be accounted, and approved ( according to Its True Worth )
'
*
*

aljo very Eafily JiUainathe Beji of portable Jnfiruments : the TraUick, and VnderBanding Tart thereof^ xt>hich ble, both in
is the

And

Scope of

my Endeavours.

Chap. XXV.
ISUppofe now, by what I have hitherto (aid, and done, ybu believe there is a Necejjity ofObferving Thefe Rules,Thus fet d^
vn-j

and that you

ferving Them-

perceive the great Benefit, that

left

may attend

the Clt-

However,

you may not yet be

folly (atisfied

in

your

Thorough-ApprehenfionsofThem^lmllnext^fetyoudown, another Suit of Lefsons, in another Key, and Treat upon Them, as I have done upon Thefe, and by That Time, I (hall not the leaft doubt of your fiifficient underftanding my Meaning. Yet, before I fet them down, I think it very requifitc, to inTiece of Majierfliip-.^ which is Piew'Sl-" form you in one moU Necefary
yicrAiip.

ever performed, by Thofe of Good Skill, when They End a Suit of LeJJbns, in any one Key, and do intend preftntly to begin another,

in a 'Differing Key ; which is They do not Abruptly, and Suddenly Begin, fitch Nerv Lefions^

without (bme Neat, and Handfom Jnterluding-VelHntary-lil{e-''F laying 5 which may, by Degrees, (as it were) Steal intoThat Netp,

and Intended KeyNow, that you may be able to do Tt Handfomly, and without Blemifi, or Jncompleatnefi, ( for you muft know. It is a Piece of Quaintnefs fo to do ) you muft ^^^e Notice, that always, when you have made an End of 'T laying, uTpon any One Key, (iDifi courfe, or (bme other Occafion, do not caufe a Cefiation ofTUy, for Come pritty Time, fo as the Remembrance of That Former Key, may, (in a manner)be Forgotten)\t will be very Needful,that ibme care be taken, that you leave That Key Handpmly, and eomeinto that Other you intend Next to Tlay upon, without Jmfertinency.
fon, betwixt

For fitch Tmpertinencies, will (eem to be very like fuch a Thing as This,vphich IJlmU name \\z. * That, xvhen TvpoI, or moreTerfons have been Soberly, and very TnMiS^^'^"'* * tently Difcourfing upon fame Particular Solid Matter, Muftng, * and very Tonderoujly, confidering thereof-, AU on the fudden, fomt ' One of Them, full Abruptly (without any Taufe) begin to talk. ' of a Thing Quite of another Nature, nothing relating to the aforeA Compari^fiiid Bufinefs.
'
'

apprehend.

By-fianders, (who have Judgment ) will prefintly That although // Matter might be Good ; yet Eis Manner, and Bis Wit, might have been better Approvd of, in
'

NoTX>, Thofe

'fiaying

^he Lute made

^ jiaying
'

Eafie.

1^5

fime certain, convenient Time^ in which he might have found out fome Tritty Interluding 7)ifcourJe, and have taken a Handfom Occajion, to have brought in his New Mutter. ' Juft lb, is it in Mujick^^ and more particularly, in this LaflRecited-Matter
)

* '

as to

Chop

Tlifferent Things o1T>ifierent

turef^

and of 'Different Keys, one upon

It

the

NaNec\ of another, Jmper-

tinentlj'
'

For I would have

taken Notice

of.

That Mufu\, is ( at leaf!;)

'
*
'

as a Language, if It will not be allowed a TerfeB One ; becaufe It is not fo roell underfiood, as It might he, ( as I have Declared
in

my

little

Tiece ofPoetry, which adjoynsto theDialogue be-

tvpixt

My Lute,

and

My Self.

Having thus far prepared you, with an Apprehenfion of the The way how Needfulnefs of the Things I will now {how you how It is- to be tophi's from done, reithout Abruption, and Jbjurdnefs. nodierj wi^iiFirftj, ( as abovefaid ) it may be, that 'Difconrfe, may take off out Abrup.ithe Remembrance of the lafi A'Vcin which you Play'd,or fome Occafion of a Leaving- off,^ox (bme Tritty Timely a String breaking, or the like; or ifnot, tlien (as commorlly It happens) there
furdnefj^''"

may be

need

oi^

Examining
little,

Strings will j^lter a

in the

the Tuning of your Lute, (for the laying of One LeJ^on, although

they have been

well Stretch' d.

But if lately put. on, or have been Slacked down by any Mifahance of Teggs Slipping, then they will Need Mending, mofl certainly.

fbme luch Occa^on, may fbmetimes give you an Oppertuof coming Uandfomly to your New Intended Key : But if none of Thefe (hall happen, then you ought, in a Judicious, and MaUerly way, to work from your laft Key, which you Play*d upon, in fome Voluntary way, till you have brought your Matter fb to paff, that your Auditors may be Captivated xpith a New Attenyet lb Injfnuatingly, that they may have loft the Rememtion brance of the loregoing Key, they know not how ; nor are they at all concern'd for the Lofs of Jif, but rather taken, with a New Content, and Delight, at your fb Cunning, and Compleat ArI (ky,

nity

-,

tifice.

Now,

as to
',

your better underftanding oFThis Tiece of Art,

and Skill you muft firft know, that there is a greater Dif-reliflj, or Offence to xbxrEar, in pafiing to fbme Keys, than to Others. As
for Example.
If you end a Sett of Lejfons, in C-fa-ut, ( as in this laji Sett you have done) then do not prefently begin a Sett, either in a ad. Tr L T-r rr^ ^f r. above, or below I hat l\ey, viz. either in JJ-jol-re, or in B-nii. For they are the 2 GreatVnJufferable Di'[cords in Nature^ (viz,, a " ^ id. ZVAZ-Jth.) And although they are not fo to be confidered, as in Compofi1 1 1

Caution.

n^foso/r9n any Kev imniLdiacely

^"^

in-

,!..%

'

'

* yth.

'^^
from that

Key.

tion, in

This Tlace ; yet there is a fecret TinUure of, or Alluding to fuch a Thing, which will Infufe It felfinto the-Harmonical Tart of a Man, whereby he will be a litde Difiurb'd, or Difpleaid,

although he be

unskilful,

and know not for what CaAfe

but contrary-

^
1^6
trary-wife,
I will

The
fall

Ciyil

^art

or.
Blemifti will not

into

any OtherKejf, and the

,

be

fo Great, by

far.

now

fet

down (bme Examples how

was
in C-fa-nt
t,

to pa(s from one

Key

to another^ Neatly.

The hH
fo that It

Sett^
is

your hext fliall be in F-fa-ut^i be able to Play (bme Little Bandjom Needful^ you

Things to bring

you

off orderly,

{lo^ThatKeyXoThk.

Chap. XXVL
Here are
thcrefore^'Balf a

^ozcn

InterludeSyto pafs from C-fa-ut,^(? F-fa-ut-Kfey,

ae a
^
rt

a.
I

cLf?'"(?a
c/,

a.

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gr

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r a

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II

i_g
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The Lute made
J-d
J
(P

Eafie.
d J

m
d-d J
T)

J
6"

al /P
_^ la

r
7L

^ r g
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la
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a
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aigLAa^p ^ _(L I^_g r a ' a ~~|)g r^ g a^ g

I

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g r r^~k^ rfi" 1^"

I I

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jg<Pi <? l_g_il lg J
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Theji

138
The
Eenelic of thefeSix

The

Cfvil

Tart'

or,

Iiirerludes,
vvill

jbemueh

TOore djl-'i f man)' Lcffons,

Tbefe Six Examples of Interludes, will do you man Credit^ and Service, and give you more SaUsfaUion, and VnderUanding, in managing of the Lute, in a MaHerly wayj ifyou Tra&ice to Tlay Them Neatly, and make your Ohfervations, how to Imitate, and

Make

the

likely

than if I had fet yott Twice jfo many Long, and very

Good Lemons. And that you may not doubt of Any Thing you fee Tricl(^d in Them, know, That the firft Barr in every one of Them, ftands only to lliew you the Common Ending of Leffons in C-fa-ut-Key fbrae being of Triple Time, and fome of Tlain, or hven Time. So that when you have ended any Lefon in that Key, then you have your Choice of any of Thefe Six Come-offs, to pafs Smoothwhich you next intend to ly, and Commendably to F-fa-ut-Key,
-^

Plav
Fugue, Matter; i''orm,or

in>

shape-,

Humour, Life, or

Conceit.

your better underftanding of the Notion of Fugue, FJttmour, (of Conceits) I would ( or Matter':)) Form^ ( orShafe--^) in every one ofThofe Six Interludes, have you to obferve, that though you fee they be very ftiort ) may plainly be perceiv'd.

Now

for

The

Chief.

Things Regardable in pofing.

Com-

All Thofe 3 Necefary pertinencies, in reference to Invention, Voviz. Matter, Form, Fhmoiir-i luntary-flay, and A Good Compfer,
Life, or Conceit,

way coaQood fick nnth that Eafe, Familiarity, and Certainty, Compleatnefs, and Invention. Them. Tleafure, as Thofe who do obferve
I

The

Readieft

And without a due

will not

Ohfervance of Thefe, None ftmll Compofe

Mu-

deny, but that

;

it is

poffible,

to Light, or Hit

fomething that may be Good

arid

do

believe, that through a

upon Na-

Many do attempt to Compofe, tural Aptitude, ( which is in many ) very Good Ayre but know not how it and often happen upon came to pafs Nor do They obferve Thefe Things, ( becaufe, be informed Thus, concerning as I conceive. They might never Produftions muft needs be, with Much Them yet I fay, fuch More Labour, and Trouble, than if They did Thus go about Their Work, by a Certain Rule':, which ( together with a Good Fancy ) would never fail, Quickly to do the Bufmefs 5 yea, and with much
-,

")

Eafe,

and Readinefs.

Why" the Rnlcsof Compofitioh are

noc Treated
uporij in

The Rules ofCompofition, are Few and Eafte ^ and Attainable in very well, and Suba Months Time : And They are publifhed count it an Vnneceffary Trouble, to fiantial/y by divers, that I (hall

This

Eonk.

Want of Invention, the

greareft Dif-

couragement to Ycuiig Compofers,

Thing of Them. But as to the Great, andTrincipal Matter of a Compofer, which the want of It, is the Greater T)ifis Invention i ( and commonly loungCompofer meets with J I know no Better couragement that a and Examples-, way, than what may be found by Thefe 7)ifcourfes, which all along, quite Through the whole Number of Lepns, both for Lute, and Viol, in This Work., I kavefo contrivd. That whofoever cannot ( pojfibly ) but fJ)aU Diligently obferve the Order of Them, by Them, and ihiTlifcdurfe, find fuch Advantages, as I fpea^ofj Example 5 the which there being no better way for fuch a Thing, than
lay any
excepting One, which Hefljallfind in every Leffon in This Book., ( to the above-laid-down-Trinfloall be Set in the next Sett)according
cipals,yiz. Fugue,

Form, and Humour,

Siic.

I will

The Lute made

I will

Ea/te,

^9
(hall

not fay neither, that every One^ who makes the RighteSi and Obfervation of the Beji Rules in Art, ihall by Thofi Vfe,
Rules att0.171
to fiich Curiojity,

Qmintnefs, or Excellency ; as

fome Others, who have more Jccute, JUive, and Spuce "Tarts Naturally 5 Bttt fiall ever be out-done by Them : However, by Thefe Rules, they (hall have fuch Advantages as above-laid 5 and fo

much
111
;

for their Certain Affiftance, that they (ball fcarce ever do although not fb Eminently well, as others. will now break off This T)ifcourfi, and (et you another Sett
;

of Leffons

and

in F-fa-ut-Key

The

firft is

a Tralude.

Chap. XXVII.
The id. Sett of Leffons, in Ffa-ut-Key, being a Tralude,

a_r_

rjij
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The Qyil Van

Tkc
2d.
;

140

or.

Lefon of

the id. Sett, being

xn Allmaine.

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rr,

a
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11

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an Ayre.
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27)^ o^d. being

/vf^
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1 he

Lute made
The
i\th-

Ea/ie.

141

being an

Ay re.

e^

a
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11

la
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I

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ya(?
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142-

The Qyil Tan

ne
I
CL

or,
Moy.
d J

6th.

Lefon of the
J

7d. Sett, being

a.

Tattle de

d-d
sr

d-dJ

d J

a
I

a.

a_

-^ r
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a
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?>

a.

a
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la
fa
<

(?SL_\6L

&_

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J

a
J

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d

\e
a.

d
/p

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d. d
.?

d-

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a
[g

?>lct

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a.

la
j2_
gi

a_

al
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JPL
1 I

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4
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g_
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JO

<FI

X^a
SetTof Lcf.^
ions.

i_a_
I

II

(?

^a

obfcrvatjons,

Obfervc the Trxlude of This lafi Sett^^nd you'l find the Fngue apparent, in the 3 ifl. Odd Notes, and the Barr following 5, and is 5 -^ / V I J ^ maintain'd quite through, 5 yet Tleafantlj, and Varieujly. And if you Note the Form, you'l find It Vniform, according

what I have before told you. The Fumour mufl: be found out, by Playing Soft, and LoHd,i^nd making your Tavfes, &c. The 7d. Leffon, has alfo FugneyTerfeS Form,and Eumour.j^s you cannot butealily perceive, and find out. The ^d. has all in It, viz. Fugtie, Form^ and FJumottr'^ yet the
to
Fugue,
is

not (b

eafily perceiv'd

from the beginning,

is

as in the

former Leffons.

But the Form

Perfed, viz. Even Number oj

fo vifible, that
a Tritty Knacky
J

Barrs, in both Strains. The Fumotir Eafie,

The The
sions,

^th. has

AU very TerfeU,
j

and
'tis

need only

defire you, to Play It Neatly

')th.

for

and References, one thing to another, 'eafily in the Playing of It.

begins not with a Vijihle Fugue, but has (everal Alluas you will perceive

Each

The Lute made

Eafie,

143

Each StrainhVnJforKt^andeventoJtfelf, though not a jPeW^ Even Form^ one to the other 5 as one Strain having 1 8 Barrs^ and
the other 20
.

You cannot mils of

Jts Eumotir.

Fugue 5 Its form as the lajl 5 Its Bttr Famliar^ 'Fleafa77t^ and Innocent. Your Great Benefit will be, by well Noting, and Studying, upon -ri t, r Theje T^ifcourfes, and Lcffens, as you Play Them 5 and be very Jne!uk of Curiam in That Tcrformance, Playing Them all Smooth, and Clean ^efibns, well without ShMering the leaft Letter : By which means one J/f PraSd*"'^ of Lepns^Vhfd, and Underftood i?/^^^, 4^/ JVell, will Enable you to play Twenty, cjuickly. I will now proceed, and fct you another Sett in A-re-Key ; Therefore you muft firlt know, how to "Pafs IJandfimly from This laji F-fa-ut-Key, unto It for which end, I have likewife fet you Haifa 1)oz^en of Interludes, Here following.
motir
i:

The

6th. is apparent in Its

'

-,

Chap. XXVIII.
Interludes from F-fa-ut, to A-re-Key.

J-

d.

J-

J'

_r f
\a_
OL

a r
ja

a)

T
J6^
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a a

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'a

e.

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1

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II
11

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so:

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g
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rag gi
1

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144
ICbe
J

Qyil Van
J

or.

J-/

i"-/ Sec.

.h_dF_hJ_h^_JLC.
6'

J3.

r_aX- a
I
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The
p
<

JLiite

made Eafte.

145

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a a.\r
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7)

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ey

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CL

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'Thefi
viz. Fugue,

^g

Six Interludes, do all partake o^ t\iQ~Foregoing Rules, Form, ind Humour as you may fee plainly , but
')

you muft Examine Them

in fo doing.
I will

Well,

and you

will Loofe no

Labour
(hall lee

the Trslude to this ^d. fpllowing in the next y^^e.

(et

now

Sett-j

as

you

CHAP.


1^6

The

Qiyil

Tart ;

or.

Chap. XXIX.
Tie ^d. Sett of Lepns z A-re-Key
3

Trxtude

i.

aa-

a
r

af>'

a
r\

a
<^

a
(b

^
r

a
CL
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I
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a aTLJP

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r ta*
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a r a

li

a
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X
J^

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This is a f/oy7/7j, or a c^/>cr* Ccme-cf at the of a Leon which may be Imitated upon the like occafion, at any time.

/W

The

The

I^ute made

Ea

fie.

147
]Y*^^"Sofr,
^

The Tralude you {ec, has Matter, Form, and //?(?rin It. And ever when you meet with fuch Seeming-Singk-MovingTValJ^wg Things
j

hmofinlcll

Barrs and

find Jffimty between Tarts and Tarts, ot ^^yBarrs, (as in This you may) then Soft, and Loud

and

Tlay\%^Q MoWHeceffary, for toF;K?^r It withall^ The -which I would have you to obfenve in All fuch L efons 5 which Thing alone will much Conduce to the Improvement of your Fancy, and
judgment.

Many

'Drudge, and take

(

ry Terfe&ly,

as

can do, you will

much Tains to Play their Leffons ve- Many Erudgc they call It ( that is, Fajl ) which when they Ha?/to?i'tf^ perceive Little Life, or Sprit in Them, ?ecr/j/ purpofe. '"

for want of the ICnowledgeofThk lajiThing,' I now mention, vi^. They do not labour to find out the hJumour, Life, or Sprit oi
their L.ejfons
:

ny ( what

It
I

may be
fay.

Therefore I am more Earneft about It, than mathink Needful : But Experience will confirm )
^d. Sett, being
J^

The id. Lejionofthe

an Ailmaine.

n-^s
JLf
La
I

j^

; r

^j^

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h y h

a d

an
a

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y

ar

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g| _____ _ g

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14^

The Qyil Van ;

or.

This AUmuine has the htgw maintained quite through. The Form is Vniform^ and TerfeCf--) both Strains being of an Equal Number. Its Htmonr I will leave to your Finding outj becaule I will Exercifeyonr JnduBry , and ib proceed to the next.

The ^d.

Lejjfon in the ^d. Sett being

a.

Coranto.
J.
J'

j^ J
x

j>./&c.
a.

J
/

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II

a
This

^a

a
Form, and Bmojtr.

<fi?r4;?^(?, is

not without

The Fugue, is not fo Apparent, as moft of the ftfr?er yet if j you feek for It, you will eafily perceive It:, which I do forbear
to
tell

felf:,

you ^ becaufe now it is Time, that you look after which will be the Greater Improvement unto yon.

It

yew
As

The Lute made

As to the
Forpty
to It felfj yet

Eafie,
in each Strain

H9
(

you may obferve an Uniformity

both Strains are not Equal.

The
were) The

iji.

Strain, has 3 Times Four Barrs'-^

which fpeak,
6iz..

as

it

^ feveral Sentences, (Equally. ) 3^. Strain likevoife [peaks 3 Sentences,

:

the 2

firft,

are

4 Barrsa piece But the lafl: concludes the fame Number ofThem both, viz. 8 Barrs j the which Uniforms the whole Strain. Now the Fhmom; I have aflifted you withall, in writing Lo: and So: viz,. Loud and Soft 5 which is enough for This L effon. Here is another, which I would have you Play, in a very Sober, znd Grave 'Proportion ^ for It has a moft Sittgiilar Fumoiir, in the way 6f Expofidating Grief, and Sorrow, as much as pojfibly a Lefon can do 5 Therefore I call It the Tenitent.
The \th. Lejfon of the
'2,d.

Sett,

mofl Eminent
d- J J
(
I

being a Galliard-fliape--) yet for Its fwgular^ Humour^ I call It the Penitent.
()

and

00-

J J

00- d

d- J J
(c\ ^.\
"^

e\a S S S \T) a a a\a a a a a\a <b r a. a a a) r r \a a a a \a r a a\a a air

\

a a a a
Ti

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5

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a
d J-

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d

dJ d

d. J

d 00Qj
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a

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a g g g

=a

tificial,

not need to (ay more of this Lef?on, than that It is Arwith Fugue, Form, and of a very Singular F^umour Therfore Labour to find It out, and then you will be well pie afed
I (hall It.

with

Now

I^O

The
Now

Civil

Vart

or,

comes a Lefoft^ which has neither Fttgue^ nor very Good yet a Unmour^ although none of the Bejl^ which I call Forme^
Ha't-Nab.

The ph.LeJfon of

the ^d. Sett^ called

Hab-Nak

a a
a
f a

6^

7>

e*a
_a_

a
_a_

_S_fL
r

J_

a d t a _^ a

fl

a(<P

71

a
J-

0a
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This Lafi LeJJon^ ( quite 'Differing from all the whole Nnm/(cr going before ) Ihavefet you here on 'Purpofe ; becaufe by ' It, you may the more Tlainly perceive , what is meant by ' Fugue : Therefore view every Barr in It, and you will find ' not any one Barr like another, nor any Affinity in the leaft ' kind betwixt Strain^ and Strain , yet the Ayre fkafeth fame
' ' ' '

fort

pleafid with

*
'

AScoryofthe

'

of Teople well enough : But for my own 'F'art^ I never was It yet becaufe fbme liked It, I retained It. Nor can I tell, how It came topafs, that I thus made It, only Ivery well remember, the Time, Majtner, and Qccafion of Its 'BroduUion ( which was on a (udden ) without the leaft Trxmeditation^ or Study, and meerly Accidentally-) and as we ule to fay, Ex tempore, in the Tuning of a Lute.
,
-,

ScSof
Hab Nab's
ProAuftion.
'

And

the Occafion,
It,

conceive, might poffibly contribute

This.

fomething towards

which was

1 bad

The Lute made

-

Eafie.

I-)!

Ihad^ at that very Jtjfloitt, ( when I made It ) an Agitation in hand Q viz. The Stringing up, and Tuning of a Lnte^ for it 'Perfin of an Vvuniform^ and Inharmotiical iJifpopion^ ( asto ' Mu^ck^:,) yet in J^er felfwell Troportiond, Comely and Hand' and Ingenious for other Things , httt to Mujic^very finie enough ' Vnapt and Learned It, only to pleafi Her Friends, who had a
' *
'
.,

-,

'

great

*
'

pould he brought to It, if pojfible ; but never could, to the leafi Good ptirpofe fo that at the laji zve both grew weary j ( For there is no ftriving againft fuch a Stream. I fay, This Occafion, poflibly might be the Caufe of this {bin'Defi're flje
,
'-^

regard that That Terfbn, at that Time,was the Chief Obje^ of my Mind, andThoughts. I call It Inartificial becaufe the Chief Obfervation, ( as to good Terformance J is wholly wanting : Tet It is True Mufick^ and has fuch a Form, and HuTet Ifj} all never admour, as may pafs, and give Content to Many The Reafon of vife any to m /ike Things Thus by Hab-Nab, withoitt anyT)efign, as that Name, Hab-Nab. was This :' And therefore I give It That Name. There are Abundance of fuch Things to be met with, an4
artificial a Tiece, in
')

flom the Hands offime, who fain would pals for Good Compofers'-) yet moft of them may be Trac'd^ and upon Eoiamination, their Things found, only to be Snaps, and Catches ; which they (having been long Converfant in Mufick^, and can command an Injirnment, (through great , and long Tra&ice^ Come of TI>em very well) have taken here and there ( Hab-Nab ) from
feveral Ayres-,

Handfomly
tions.

together^

and Things oj other MeniWer\s ^ which then pafs for thsvc

ajnd

put them
Compofi-

Own

Affront, Offence, or Injury to any Majier, for another to take His Fugue, or Toint to work upon 5 nor i)ifI fay,
it is

Yet

no

No
for

Cffcnc* one Mafter

to take ano-

for any Artifi fo to do, provided He ftiew by His Workc ther's Fugue. manffjip, a T)ierent 'Difcourfe, Form, or Humour : But it is rather But rather a & Credit, and a Repute for him Co to do 5 for by His Works He Credit.
/^rf/^^e ^(?iv;; It

honmr

being obfervable. That Great Majicr-Compofers may all along be as well known by Their Cotnpojitions'-, ( or Their Own Compofftions known to be
,

and Learned Writers may be known by Their Stiles, and Worlds j which is very Common, and Vfual to be Co 'Diflinguiffi'd, by Thofe of Judgment, and Experience, in fuch
of Them )
as the Great,

matters.
'

v,

Thefc laji Ages have produc'd very

many Ahle,an6

mofl:

Fx-

Mr.

wiUUm

'

' *
'

Mafiers in Mufickj} Three only(of'Sphich)Iwill Injlance in, in This Particular s becaufe they were (b Voluminous, and very Eminent in Their Works, viz. Mr. WiUiam Lawes, Mr. John Jencellent
kifis,
'

Mr. Jdhn jtni^ns, and Mr. CbriLaiv(s,

fttfher SimffoH

/Juored for
their Eminent Works.

and Mr.

Chriflopher Simpfon.

Thefe Three Famous Me,al though

* *

(or as
other,

we
and

C2iy,T)ead-^)

Two of Them be laid afleep, yet by Their mofl Singular and Rare Work/t

They Live 5 and

as

' ^

may Co eafily be ^iSlinguifhed, the one from the ExaUly known, which is which^ aS if they were prejent

inperfon, andffjonldfpeak^Words.

This

1^2,

The Chil Tart

or,

Compari-

fon betwixt

Mufick, and

* This is known ( to Obfirvable-Jble-Mafiers, and many Others^, *who2LYeConverJaf7tinfuchObJerD^trof!s^ to be very True. ' I fpeak thus much for This End^ and Turpefe, That it may be ' more Generally Noted, That there is in Mnfic\, even'juch a Sig'

Language

' '

mjicatiojz to the Tntelligible,

and ZJnderJtanding

Facultj of Man

and luch a wonderful-varicus-vpay ofExpreJJion, ewn as is inLan' gnage, Vnbounded ^ and Vnliwited':, and we may zs properlvy ' and as Jptly take a SubJeS Matter to Tlifcotirfe upon, ( for (b I ' will term It and as Significantly Fxprefs to Thatfawe, or fuch a. ) ' Tm-pofe'-, and (how as much JVit, and Variety, as can the i?fi? ^Orator, in the way of Oratory : And I would, that this were
''

Better knoven^-SXid. nf ore put into 'PraSice, than

(by many)

*ftis.

The

6th.

Zejon of the

^d- Sett

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Thi

you Play It of It, which

The Lute made

The
yth.

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the ^d. Sett.
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This Ends the 9^/. J'eW, being a Tattle de Moy. Find out the Uumoiir your felf, by Soft^ and LeudTUy^ in Troper Tlaces ; as you may moft apparently perceive where.

Here follows
Key.,

do

Interludes^ to carry you Handfbmly ofFfroni A-reto the next Sett in T)-jbl-re , which if you Imitate, you may the like your leJf5 and lb be able to pafi from one Key to ano^

Voluntary way of ufing any Inurnment.

ther, in a

which

is

the moll: Cornraendable

way

CHAP.

154

The Qyil Tart ;

or.

Chap. XXX..
Examples of InUrUidtt,
to pafs

from A'te-Key^ toD-CoUe-Kcy.

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Any of
a
little

thcfe

laft fnterludes^ will

feem, (if nahdromly piay'd)s

Volunto-ry^ox

Extempory

Bulncfs--) in

which

(after

you have
as inJe/J

Wd
.,)
i

y-o4j-ielf.u^to^.^'QU.

wiHt^ke

as

muc

IJelight^

tj'

*
A

f5

P,

1^6

T^e Chil Tart

xDr,

Chap. XXXI.
Uen begins
tke/^th.
ifi. is

Seftm D-(bI-re-Keyo

The
Prjelude.

Traludiuoi.

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to Gam-Ht.

CHAP.

The LHtemade

Eafie,

Chap. XXXII.
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CHAP.

The Lute made

Eafie.

1^3

Chap. XXXIII.
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CHAP*

The Lute made

Eafte.

i6f

Chap.. XXXIV.
E-U-mi
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Here begins the Jnterludes to the 6th. Sep^ which (hall be Key^ to ihow the way from Ga.m-nt-ey^ to It,

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CHAP.

The Lute made Eafie.

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Chap. XXXV.
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Chap. XXXVII.
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Chap. XXXVIII.
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/
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c9

a_.

_
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h cP h

c>

ir

a
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al_

a a ^a
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t

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ia

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II

II

II II

"

\llmaine.

^/JJ'
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cC
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a a a a

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a r (b_^ r ?r a

a
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a ir

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aria-

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75

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1

ni
(?;ll

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rt

r r
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djW
II

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a
5

II

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Lo;

a ^a So: a


The Lute made
t4

Eafie.

i5
a

gy^r

fa

a
fi

rJXl
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syib r
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r r
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r
r

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lg> \<L
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a
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The (ml

''Part

or.

I^O! anto.

2-n
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(I ii

11

11

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The
Serabatid.

Ltite made Eafie,

iS^

.h iJi'-i^^^k k k k

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ii^re ^W^s^y /^f Sett.

B b

have

:H6
I

The Qyil Tart ;

or.

have now Finijlfd^ and Furmfi'dyou, with 8 Suits of ZefoKSi with "Prelude T, Jnterltidesi and florifies, befides all the Former Rudiment al-Jnitiations--) from which alone, you may attain to an FxaH Order for the Befl way of Lute-Tlaji ; if you carefully ohCerve Thofe'Dire&iom given. You have here likewife, (een both the laiiNewTumngs'^which (of divers others, now forfaken ) are chiefly thought fit to be Retained^ ( Generally ) both in England, France, Germany, Italy, &c. But of Thefe 1 laji Tunings, I do Prefer That Firji, which goes under the Name of the Flat Tuning, and Judge It to be the very-very-BeJi of Thofc, call'd the French Tunings , which after I have firft (hewed you, I (hall Endeavour to make Manifefi, from the One Tuning, to the Other , how to Tranjlate LeJJons, moft eafilydo. as by This following Table, you may

Chap. XXXIX.
'The Firji Table of Tranjlation.

The Fldtt Tuning-

Lll_i_J_Q_LJ
a^XZMi-^-iS-h-J-k.
The Nevo Tuning.

a e sr_is s_a g e r Is (L\f S

(l.

h y k^. h y~k &c.

S2X-3-M^-^-h-^-J^-^

r/a
I
I

e^ d^

c^

h y k f hl^*

lfi__rLI?L2i-i.^h-X-k_&:
a"g'
77/

r^

gy.

J,^h_L-k-!^
^^

..

^H
ll

-jl

.__,

-'

X>^^ 7^^/e ofLetters, Cot^prehends all the Strings, and Letters upon \Ei2f/& Ta^5 5 '^y which any Perfbn, ( who can but JVrite, and f^e^c? J may Readily Tranflate any Lejfon, from the One Tuafter This

;1

II

,'

'

manner.

As

For Example.

'j^^eTP.

"T^

Fz>/?,(laying
H
"
^

your 7^^/e before you)

Ti^^.

What

ra^'S-

T^

!;

;\

II

Tuch
._

Letter fbevcr you fee upon String, in the one Tuning, ;y on a

a- '^a
n'able,

^a ^a

muft (et down ( for your Tranflation ) the fame Letter, which you find in your anfwering to That Letter on the Others viz; Mote Plain-4

^U
5

y,

Thuf.
I find

an a, upon the Treble String of the

New

Tuning, in a

Lefon,'

The Lute made

Eafie,
\
-,

LeJJbn, xdhich I would Tranjlate te the Flat Tuning (et down analikewife, upon the fame Strings tor
tion\,

muft then

hecmfe That
all

Letter

is

in

anfwer ( to

It )

in

my Travfla.my Table.
and 6tL
a^ih.

So likewile of
Strings.

the Reft,

upon the
vvill

Trelle, 2d.

)th.

Ail the 'Difference

Strings, excepting

Ibme

little

be only in tlie ^d. and Matter in the l-'i^jJii/^w/.

Further yet, fuppofing you find the Letters', upon the Aen? Titning^on the 7,d. Strings then for your Tranjlation^^^^. down an a.

upon the 3 i .5>rzg:,and fb forwards,as you lee fet on that String. Then again, you find the Letter r^y upon the 4^)6. J'/r/;7;g,in the
which,you muft (et down the Letter a,for your Tranflation^ upon the 4/A. and (b of all the Reft in that Z/e, or
A^en? 7z/7^5 for

String,

the T)iapafons do differ, ( (bme of Them in Notes, Hatter, ox Sharper, theO^, fiom theO/^er J there L^alf

Now, whereas

is

no way to Reconcile Them, but

either to Tune

Them

up,

or Hote,.

i-iow to

to the Other, (as is very ufual , \nax\y Tuning, to alter a ^^y}, flatter, oi' Sharper, upon qccallon ) oreUerakc Jkch a Letter, as you m.iy fee in jiour Table^ which anfwers to

down, the One,

^^^'a|!:.^"^^

theDi-piions.

(uch Bafes.

As

for

Example.
in the

being Sharp,diX\A the fame String, in the Other Tuning, beingF/^^, you muft (if you will not Sharpen your Bafs ) fet down for It, the Letter r,upon the Lifth String; and (b of all the Reft.

The Ninth String,

New Tuning,

This Ithink

fiifficient,

for

your DireUions, towards theGe-

neral Tranjlatingof any Lemons, in Thefe TwoTunings. But whereasi faid,any Perfon might do This Thing^y ThisRule--)

yet know,That He who has Skill and Experience in the Injirnment, JljaHdolt more Compleatlj/jhecaxxCe there are certain Stops,m either Tuning, which will fall out a little Crofi for the Hand, which by the A Caution contrived more aptly, arid eafer for the Hand 5 (bme worth Ndcing, Skilful may be
"

times by changing one Letter, for another-, as a upon the Treble, 7> upon the 2d. and h upon the :i,d. are all the fame Sound--, and (0 you

in Tranflating
o"

Ldi'ons

fame Tones various, quite through thewhole Jnfirument. again, (bmetimes by Varying, or Tranfpofmg the L^arts of feveral Full Stops ; all which confifts (moft commonly) diVnifons, ^d's, "Sth's, and Sth's 5 fo that if the Tarts chance to lie one Tuning ) ^d's, ph's, and Sth's, from the Fafs 5 It may ( be, they will fall out to lye Better, iri the other Tuning , viz. ^th's,^d's,and Sth's 5 or Sth's,^th's,and :^d's from the Bafs 5 which isno Difference in the main, and may very well, at any timej be fo Tranjpos'd, in moft FuU Stops. So that I fay, although the Injudicious may (by This Rule Tranflate a Lefon, Well, and Truly 5 yet the Experiencd, and
find the

Then

Skillfull, (hall

do

It

more
This

Compleatly.

Bufinefs yet more Tlain, here a V^iew of a i5'/(7r* Lefjon, which I and SatisfaBory, take have Tranjlated from the Aea', to the Flat Tuning 5 after whichj I will give you another Exemplary Table, to Tranflate from the Theorbos, to TT'/'ye TunrHgs, or from 7^e/e, to the Theorbos.

And

to

make

Tarticular

Bb

Tz&^j'

:^8
Tlbif is the

The Qml Van

L efon of the New
J

or,
'

Tuning:^ to 'he Trdnjlated.-

'''

'-| t^

Q^

<b

<b

0.

Qj

a a a a a a

a
<b

a a a a a 0a

a a a a a
a

'31

Ti 7>

"a

a
/P

-_

a
l<p

/
_aL
./PJ
If
?)
^?).

a a a

3
^a

5)_<PIj&

a_a_a \a a
I

r_

r.

a^l

?L

17^

?)

^a

^
s

^'

^a
J
) il
I

a
J

//
I

/
_
I

J
'6 "d
I

-J,
~7>

^^
r

_ll?)

a~a"aT r^ V1^
I I

a
?>

?)^d
?>

;SI

?) ?) "5

<^ 6^

/r^ "

6"

J
i

<?_

<?

a
a

ii

(b (b

__:("cr_

fr' r

"II

'D ?)

ir

\a a

\a

<

If)

/a
J
J'

-a-^a
J
I

J/
j_
<?
I

d1
I

J/
r

g gg
tt

?> ?> 7)

\a a
\a

r r r 6^~gT 3^ Lr_f_ri r J_rr :LfLr_r_i r

ra.

a
!g
Lg

gg
g

J/
a
I

I7>?i

'

a a

gg a

/^

'^a.

a
J'-/
z-;^ J ^gig

^a
a gi_g_ii
I

J
^^ e/

___g
0.J

e.

~g

g g l_g_n: i.iL_g_g Lg_u_

|g

g ~g g

11

If
'^a

ia

It will be very well worth yoxxxExai^ Noting, the whole Order or Thk Tranjlated Lejfon in both the Tunings 5 and what2)z^yf^ce there will be found as to their Performance in the whole : And withall Take Notice, That I have chofen This Lefon in ^la-mi-Key^, which is the very (and only) Glory oi That whole Tuning, as may he feen by theFirft, and Laft Stops o^ the LeJJm, which give the FnUnefsofBarmony, (viz. 9<^V, 5?y5j, and 8//i'/J all upon 0;7e Strings, v^\\\ch in the Tranjlation you fee is a FuUStop, yet eafie enough ; And by Thus doing, you may fee how very Fairly I have dealt by Thofe who oppofe the Flat Tuning &c. whereas, e contra^ If I had taken a Ze/?tf from the Flat Tuning, ( in almoft any other Key ) and made luch a hke Tranjlation, ( as' now by the Rule of Tranjlation any yey/tf may do, and which I fhall Advile unto ) you would have feen a Vaii 'Difference.
,

The Lute made

Eafie*

185?

This the Tranjlation.

iaa_a
/

a
a

a^^cL

_^rj

r
I

a a

^a ^a
J
J^

<>^a

i"

J.
I

r r r

ai r r r g r r- r
i

ixLim
ir r
I

a a a

la a
(.

i?>
"i

^
<p

g.

a
J s <x_
?)
'7^

/-J^ /.J^

J'

g g,^g

\a_a_a.

r\
I

a
'

g a

Lg ci_a l_g_

ig_g_

_d_

j'B

ir_r_r r g g g l__g_iL u ^g ^g
i
I

5 that is, they lye not they lye in the other yet both abfblutely bear the faKte Sence^ as to JUoroance in Comand alfb will latisfie fully, in giving the fame j^jre to the pofitien Ear 5 which may be fufBcient to Tjittt you to the Obfervation of the like, in (everal (lich Places, when as the Parts cannot lie in they^/e OrderJ yet may do as well ( (b Tranfpos'd. I will now proceed, and (et you another Example of Tranflaiion^ from the Theorboe^ to the French Lute 3 or from the French^

la th's Tranflated I ejfon, you tray fee, firft Full Stop^ the Concords are Tranfpos'd
in the felf-farae

how

that in the very

Order

in

one Timings

as

')

Luteto the

Theorboe--^ as

followeth.

The

i^o

The Chit ^art

or.

the ideTahle ofXranJlation^rom th eThcoxho^

The
Firjl

to

f^eLutc.

Note of 'the Theorboc

is

Gam-Ut.

^heorhoe.

a
I

/p

r
J

a
'^
(L

6^

s
J

a
'Zi

6'

(b

Ti

^ ^9--^ r 'iTVl. t s
>

Ga'm-ut.

II jt 'Tuning.

^a.

a
6>

a
<p

_joL
6'

li

ij

P r

a_&_r ^ ^
7)
e.

.f

?>

(L

a<5^r'?>(L.fc9
^C_2lJL'_=.
"Xheorho;.

The Theorle Bafes.

h""-

"1

'^'a
I

<^a

^a

French Lute Ba^es,

ff

/?
(b

fp
.f

r s

'7^

(?>

.f

r9

ftc1! II II II

11
II

flat Jitnim.

It

(1 II

\a
^cj

^d

4 J

whit String
is

moft proper for G/ZOT;.'f,upon the

7'heorbut.

What upon
the French Lute.

Here you may Note^ That although in Thk Table^l have made the jth. String Gam-ut^ upon the Theorboe'-) yet you may make fuch another Table, and make your 6th. String Gam-ut, ( which indeed \s moji proper fir a Large, and Full-Sciz'd Theorboe) or any other String you pleafe , only take Notice, That Thele Two, m%. the 6if/6. and 7/A. Strings, are moft generally chofen in moft Theorhoe-Lntcs, for the Gam-ut String. So like wife know, That the '^th. String, is the moft Troper String for Gam-ut, upon moft Frenih Tunings, and Za^ej- of a 'Pr/7(/ Full-Seize ^ yet I fay ( for your Pleafure ) you may make a Table, and fet what String you pleafe, for your Gam-nt
Stringy there likewife.

Note

for all manner of Tunings, for what String, or Letter you pleafe for the Viols, &c. and chule your Gam-ut ; yet with Thif Trovifo, That you have Refped: wdlj^ unto which if LeJJbns , and Tunings of Sharp, and T^/^f Kejis very Crabbid, and Vnnatural you ncgleti, you will find your rf'or)^ That is, your TartSy and J><jf / will not lie ealie, in your 'Flay. and

Thus

al(b

may you make Tables,

-,

The Lute made

and
familiar for the B*Hd'-,

Eafie.

i^i

which is the Chief, and Main Thing Regardable, in any Compofure vaTabUture-TUy. Remember alfo to have Relpcft to the Scsp of the Lefon 5 that is, to pitch It for fuch a Key^ as you may have Liberty Jttf^ ficient^ for the Compafs both of the Treble^ and Bafi.
I will

now make you a

between Thefi Twa

Short Treatifi^ Concerning the Tfifference Tunings^ and then proceed to the Theorboe.

Chap. XL.
Concerning the T'w0 laB French Tunings, and which
is the Bejl.

a T)ifpute among Come, concerning the (everl 7?/ningt upon the Lute : But the Generality Run after the Nevpeii which although It be ( to my knowledge ) at leafl: 40 years old; yet It goes under the Name of the New Tuning

*TpHere
-*
)

is

A DifpucCi concerning theDiffererce betwixt the 1 laft French

Tunings, De-

ftill.

termined.

Now, becaufe I have mThis my ?Ftfr4 preferred This Seniot Tunings ( which is Generally known by the Name of the FUt Tuning) before That Neve One and have z\Co cdW'dThis Ktojl Noble Tunings the Befi among the French Timingi : I fhall endea--y

vour to prove It fo to be, by very Good Reafon : And Thus Tie Argue, viz. A Sure Argu' That Tuning upon any TnjirUfnent, which allows the Artijl mojl ment, to * Scope, Freedom, and Variety with moji Eafe, and Familiarity 5 prove which
,

to

Exprefs his Conceptions mojt Fully,

',

and Compleatly
,

is

the Bert

without

Tuning upon

'
*

be accounted the
defire
'

Limitation, or Restraint throughout all the Keys mitji needs any InflruBefi Tuning, Now J fay, if This he granted, I ment, from the Foundati-

no more

And Thus J proceed.

tion of the

'
^

Tis well known to all Majiers in This Art, That in Nature, turally there are but 7 Keys 'DiflinB, and 'Proper-^ by which we
prefs

NaEx-

Art.

But 7 Keys
Diflinft inNad
cure.

AU Things,

any one Key, we ) Rounded the Circumfeand come again to the fame 'Point, where we fir B began ('as *'JhaU be Explain d in This Book^ hereafter.") This cannot be denyed
'
*

in Mufckj) for when have but ( as it were

we come

to the

Eight from
'>

rence,

by any.
'

'^turally. Familiarly,

if This Flat Tuning willgive me the Freedom', Nar and with Eaje and Advantage, tojVork^, in FnUnefs &c. in aUThofe 7 Keys ; And That Other, (call'd of Parts, ^ the New Tuning ) will not fi Naturally, Familiarly, and with the ' lik Eafe, and Advantages, allow me the lil^e Freedom, to Work^ *with the fame FuUnefs of Parts upon all the 7 Keys : It mufl needs' be granted. That This Flat Tuning, (fo call'd ) is the Befi Tuning, *^ which is the Thing If) all endeavour to prove 5 and I doubt not^ but
'-

Now t fay,

^very Plainly to do

It, to

Satisfa^ion.

And

1^1
And

The Chil ^art

or.

becaufe t will for ever cut off all T^jfputes, and Jangles about this Matter, I will take Tuch a Courfe, that It fhall beinadeniably Plain to any Rational Knowing Perfbn : And this (hall

As for Example. I will fet down, here following, ( upon Come MuJick,Lines ) all the Full Stops, confifting of g^ >. ^tl^s, and 8th' t, which can be performed upon every Key ( Naturally ) in both the Tntiings 5 by which Device It will very obvioufly appear to the Eye of any Indifferent 'Performer, (much more to the Reafon of a Judicious, and Shilfitl Artifi ) which of them affords ( in the whets Scope, and Latitude of the Jnfirument ) the moft Variety, with raofl: Eafe, and Advantage to the Hand--^ and moll: Fullnefr ofParfsj
be

my way.

m Familiarity to each
from

or the 7 Keys

And

in Thofe Lines following

take a view of the ^differences betwixt the one , and the other. Twill therefore begin with the Strings, as they lye in their Ori^er,
forvoards to the Treble String. And in your Obftrvation, I pray take notice, that although I fpeake of fetting down the Full Stops, confifting of '^d''s, 5////, and Bth's ; yet you will meet with (bme, which have notabove
the greateji String firji,

and Jo

2 Treble Strings joyn'd with the Bafs,

ZJnifons to

Themjclves
T

iiy

Tlay, pafs for of Thofe!^ but

which in Come places found However, They, and fuch like, in Lnte^Variety, and help to Fill Jip : There are notma^^

all the Variety I could, in the Breaking of the Full Stops which you1 Cee I have done Equally for both the Tunings.

could not well avoid Them, becaule of giving 3 the

An undeniable Device,

to prove the Difference,

and Beft of Tuning;.

alfb I defire. It be Noted, That I do not pofitiveJy That I have thus given All the Varieties, which can be giaffirm, ven, in either Tuning j (for indeed that would have been too Critical a Trouble to ftarch for ) yet I dare fay, I have gone very near the matter; However, lam a(certain'd, that there can be no fuch Conjiderable Over fight in either Tuning but that This ^Draught which I have Thus'Drarvn, mnj filly fatisfie any Reafo,

And

nable F'erfon, that there and that the Advantage in^. (focall'd.) '^. C^o

a Vaji difference betwixt Thefe 2 Tunings, lies wholly in This very ExcelkmFiat Tuv.^V'^-.H^^ ""-K"
is
-

C-fa-ut-Key.

Flat Tuning.

aaaaaa aaacL acLdaaaa^aaaa. ^OLa__ aa a jOLOOLaaxm^L cL-j. a

LIN.
5
5 5 5 5

J_

^?)

aac(ad(xa ia<Lpaa.aa
(i,<

<b k(b<b<b

.<Lt>^

?)B?)?)7)I

J
5
5

55 55

55

7>d
2^21
'
.

7idaaa idJLM^CiSMLiL
udjb
!

ciaaiha.

aa
I

1*
y y
5
I

.yyyyy
y.y-y.>
-i
I

^^X^^t^'^'^^
v.'?3^

^
I

a: d: a; d

ff^^_7?.f .f .f J^
5

daaoie: ad^d
I

7)
I

"^12_MT~T
J
\

yy^
I

^i/P^i
5
5

l<Pl/Pig/^
5

'<i

3^5^^5

'^3'^'^ 5 55

55

'^'^^55

55

The Lute made

k y h

Eafie.
no,

15^5

aa a aa\a

In all of This C-fo-ut-Key

j 7> ^;^g...
,

55

5'3'a^55'S5'^
C-fa^ut-Key,

AW mhy.
.

In

all

Here but 38.

Miiaa_sssssss ss a

a2^aaaa3:sa2333^aajj:(2i33?)Xy
-^^'f-_^Ji_JL_iCJ'_^$.l<PJJ^"^i^

k k_ k yV

a a.f j cF J f j^ Iftaaaaaacr
^s
<iS

yyy

ss

<?'

'^<Tc

1^1
I

'6'ef?e6'f? f?

^<p~i~^7~j

jj_j2?ry yyy:S^?^'^~~~~"^T" J- J-

"D-fol-re-Key^ Flat Tuning. In All of This

i\6.

r^f:f:rrr

h hh

k_h h h li

rrrr rrrrrrr
44 44

rrrrs

.f j'.f .f .fTf .f

.ff

ssssssj^_jTZs's~:f

44414

44

44
Kew

4 444
In

440?^"^^^ 4^^-^'Jvf

T)-fol-rc-Key^

Timing,

AU Here but 2 ^>

rrtr

,^j

r hh
(

hhhh_
^'?>"33

3"33^33?)33__333^c??5'
i 1
1

rrrrarrrrrr hhhil
6^(9^/?^ (^
i
1

h
1 (

M<P

kfh V
f

'<)

7^'7)?)3d

444444

4444

44

4
In All Here
lsa.a.a.ii_a_a.
10:3.

E-ta-^i-key., VUi'Tunihg.

3^?>?^

f^

?)

?)?)?^aaa aaa

g?)?^?)

?)

r)

gg

a.QL a.
.

rr r f r r r rr- r., r r r r r r r a a aa gg a |g_a g|a a .aa_a_ g a a a g a a. a a^ g g

1

k k.k_k_k_k_k.kj<_k k.k_k.k_k_k.
I

:_

^h

h.h

fi

hh

hhh aia'g
I

h
i

h h
h

gaga hh_h_h_
h h h

r rrr hh
1

7)

?>3?i h h h g.f f )\f

)

SJZJ^

h h

h h h h h h h h. h h h h h'^h hh hjLh hji_h h h h hh hl aj da h h_ g _ g

I

hh hh
I

h
h

hhhh
l_aa a ~~

a
i

a a

J J s

^Qisf^gi^a9^aiifa:^a.^a.^d^<^ ^<^

^a^g
h

i_ s.

\J

i^a.^a.^ai ^cLi^GL^aifOiifa.

k k_Tc k k k k_k k k hjg gJihTi iija'aggg

fOh
I

hh'h

"

aauaaaan., a_a_ aaa]

h
h''' i

aaaaa aa a a a aa a a
a_a._.
ij

hh

h h h

h"'i

h
I

h h h h

h
1

ib iL<b\ Q^

jThhh
I

h_h

h
"

h_h_h_h.
,.

gg~gvr"h''i
,

PaPoTiUi k

a rr^]
.
.

f]
I

.hh"|

h'ggi
i.

hhagjl
.,

hh

ii \\

h h h J) h h

hhh^g^a^a^ct
JSIerp

^a#a
/

..

?r over for the

Tuning.
L'ht-r/ih

Cc

a
-^

194

The Chil
E-U-mi-Key^ MerpTumng.
0,

Van

or,

In All Here but lOO.

^^r.Vy

^ <b (Lkkkk k k k kkkkk nnn n a a. a d<L(b0'9, a a d aaaaa a a\a aaaaa a a a aaaaa aa. a \a a\ a\ a_g.-(i rr~5~aT~ft a a a a\ a la aaoa a\ aa aaaar A aaaal aag] a _a. J a a
ri

-TTnTTaa

52

gg i_k
hh

-^*

I.

k_k_k
^
I

/'ggacLI_l

a a aal g

(L(Lga <)j^aa

iaaaa

a a ad

oa\

a, g g la a a \'a]

tt^a
I

(J^t/

a^Oif'U^a.^a.

^a^^a^a^a-^a

^a^a^a

ggg

g a

(LaiL.
I

^o^as'a.

^aa^^a.

^a.

aaa aaa.a.a_a_ aaa .._... g aaaggga gggg a a aaaa TlT'lTs'lfS s_] ssssss ss^saaa _a daa aaa Qjaa aaa a<L<bQj Qj Qj(biL<l(b(b(b LTOj (LP-grg/' g^ g _.ga_gg'a _d_^lidd7) daa_ ggaLi It d cc nff f.ffs .f/.f J jjsjA. a. ^g as^a i^a^a^a ^ai^ai^ai^ai^ai^as
aa
-c

aaaa.

na^cicicici-

I"

,f

,f

T-fd-ut-Kcy^ llatTn.nh7g.

InAUojThis'^X.

JS_S__S
'f?

f?

r?p~P
2_

a _a_aaaaa_ct___
'a_
"7?
I

gg g a a
f?

CI

^ ?

>

ggg ^
'"a

ss
' J

^.

s s s seee_ a\a s s a a s a_ |g~g~^'^

?>
I

^1

/P/P/9

(?

(?

'f _g_j
I

^'a^a'^'a

~i r ^._<^ Ta^''a<^a''/d^d.'i^a'^a'('a'^a'^a.<f'd'^a<^a^a<^a^a^a.^(X^a^a.
I
I

.ss f efee_e. y_y_y_y_ yyiyyy_y_y "^ff.?Z(?_y-y--y-y k'k W_kkkrkka a k J J J S S S aa:'_a y yy_yLi y y a a g g g ?> act g_ TV
rrr_r.^f^f^^^^
.
I 1

^auL^^^MydJa7d<^a<^a ^a^a^a<^a-!i^a<!^a^a<^a^a^a
f-fi tit-Key^

New

Tuning.

In

AU Here but i

'^.

~ssssss_

ssss

'^jJL3a<^^^^j^^JL.

Gam- ut-Kej^
nana.a

Flat Tuning.

In All of This
(L
1

'

I.

a.
_r

a -a ) "~=~" (^ r_r__jijrrc

-^

(b<L<bp a^a^a a
1

<b

(bhh
'^i

:'.

^
r
I

rriLll
'g

r T~'^^a

r rr r r r rr r r
?)7>
I

1 1 I

r r r
I

n Fhh
yy

fFfTF
Jihhji
.f

?>7>?)7)l ?)

Ph~E
I

E&

^a^d^a^a^a^a^'a^a ^O'^a

'a-^g''g'"g

y y y '^a-^a^a-^a-^a^a

_b_hJihlh
hhhfiZfilh
1
I
I

Jl_r r
'

^ ^7^ XZEUlfL
'T^

x_r_
r r

^ V vv ^ a "ZFg^g^a-^g^a^g

r ^ ^ ^ -a" r -^g^g-^g-^g^g

rrrr

Ti&e

s ^

Gam-itt-Kej, NevpTiifiJffg.

In

II

of This 67.

aaaaaa_aa(b<L<b<bt,(b<b (LdQj (b <b (it ^_ h h hhhhhhh J3,^:S_^'c)'^_^'S'd3?'d^2^Z3'3^-^-'aT'<)?iZWdF5 h h h h'h h h h h" aaaa aa aag g g^^ -^'^ ?)?> ?> d?i"d^'^'^~7r~y~~y v v v v v
\

'-

^a
\\

''a^a-^a

^a^a
y

I-

)_i

/__;c)

^a-^g-^a-^a^a ^a-^a
.

yyy r

^g-^a^'a^aFa^a:~-^a-'a.

h.i.hhh_ thi h

yiyxy

h~l.

_h,h_h_

h h?)''a'9Tir~Z

h_h
h h h
I

h_h_h_hh
_h_b_h
h
i

yaaac^a a
1

aaa u a a
7>7>
Ti

T~
I I

(b

g ~a a a a

^ ^

^^
a
(b

'^

-^Td ?> 7) 6 "d ?) ^^~^'" yyiyyj y ^?) t y r^^~'ai -(T ^a-^a^a-^a^a-^a-^a-^a^a^a-^a-^a-^a-^a^a^a-^a-^a'^a'^d'^a-^a

7>

d^

A-re-Key^ IlatTumng. hz All of This

62.

aaaa
'aaaaaaddaa^^'d
:

SJir_xrrr_ aa'^^aaqjaagaaaaa__
?)^

aa

aa

jiaaaaaaaaaaaa_aa_\__<b<b<b(L(b(b<i,

aa
1

sssja 6" i_ ? Ill e aa a aactaaaaa aaa

asa_aasa
/

aaa) aa d J__ s s
1

?>?)
1
I

a a

sadad axaaaaa s s s ss j .f.f.f.f.f',f j:f > j-y jcFT.f j,f aa an. g a aaaa aaa aag
.f

,aadadaaaaajj:ca_jL't\bJib_. aadaad^T)?iid7i\aj)gi?ii)ci?i_

aaaaaaa a _aaaa aa a alJJJcFJj^jaajjjj.f jLe._XM^e^M^M^.iLJ__a__^ta^^ i?)^aaaaaaaa3)3?> ?)?)?) h h h h h h_hj_h hddaauaa i_j^addaaaddddij^ JcF gj^jjjj^aaa iJjjjj j^j j jjjaaa.f s sj'ij ads fssd' ~~Js' s l_ss_s S) <fss / s'l J_ s r ^ a aa a aaaaa aaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaa a aaaa a aoT'
I 1 [

ss_sssssssssssssssssssf sssssrsss rrr kk k k [adasssssssssaaafSSSs sssssdddadaaa aaaa L adGaci<L,a.aaaada (<a <b^^<b a\a aa a (i,i'Qy<La(L(Ll(b(bdd a\ \aaaaLLg a ag gg gggaddl \__Maa<j^-dd(\o6^i)f)<)a.a ggj a Jill IIIKf j;f.fa.a.+\f jj gj'j.f i< r .f LJ >.f J aaaaa a aa aaaa aa a aa aaa aa aaaaa aa
SJJLfaxi
'2s_
"?\
1
i

.,

aaaaa"a yTy_y'y y yy aaaaa _i aaa_aa k_k_kj< kkkkk.kk k

1

kjLk_k

kkkkkkkkkkkkkk k

yyy y y y'
kk kk'kk
I

dda

a aa ass ss a

aa

a hha_aaah hhaad__hh aya da a l_ a_ a La ~ 11 r.f T aaaaa aaaaa aa aaaaa

1

A- re -Key

Nevo Timing.

7n All Here but

<yi.

s ssss'ssssrrr rr rr Vkkkkk k s s da ddada^adaaaaaaaggg<j ggy s y y f .f .f .fjj ssseG'e6'es<f iJJjJJJ. s^ .f .f .f .f f .f .f .f s ,f /.f .f sS'tssftss.fSS^ sj s, TJ J-" .f .f ss s s Jij jjii jjjjjjiir ssssa d''a sssai \a\j s ~

J ss sssssss ss ssifssss jj ss s
.

ssssss s
I

aaaa a a
kkkk
SJrSS
.-f.f.f.f
-1

SSSSS

aaaq^g^q^aaa

aaaa

a aaaaa

aaaa aaaaaaa

II

'

SSS ss
1

'

'

'

aaaa

i.-l'Vi

r;

Cc

E'mi-

1^6

The Cnil
B-mi-Key^ Flat Tuning.

Van
hh hh

or.

In Jll Here but gl.

r rrrr TTX^ r Hi hhTThhTT

h _h.h ...

hhh_i_tLhj_hhh._) T'r rr V~\ aaaaaaaa ci\ a Zaaa a aaadaa ^j2

\

rrrr rrfJf

r r'\_l~^rjJ^ss_jjsjJ.-Jhere

B-7ni-Key^ Nerv
'

tvaj-

Jn

all

<^2.

e;e/'L(L(Le;(Ley<^<Lhhhhhh hh kj frrrrrrr_rj rrrr rr rrr r h h h h h h b h h h

hhh
i

h h h h h h h

aaa

aaa. L_aa_a_lLL!_aaia_aa

asa
55
5 55 5

<aa laa
55
5

a a
5

55"5

555

55

The Nrmber of
'

Alltogether in the Flat Tunings

Thus appea-

ring,

is

549.
'Nero

And of the

Tuning but 950.

Near too

^enSiilwh^t
Theie Two
Tunings.

' '

So that It appeais,in the Flat Tuning.there are very near 200 S'topf of Variety, (in fuch like Chordes as Thefe, viz. of ^d's^ ^th's,

and

c *

' *
'
*

according to their Natural Flat and Sljarp 3W/J more Neiv Tuning:, and without all jj=,^fj gj-g jn That, They call the QueUion^ Tt muft needs follow, That the Troportion will anfwer alike in Thofe other Stops o^ Contrary ^d's, Stlt's, and all other Varieties, in paffing Handfomly, and Conveniently through T)ip cords,QiVid in making up of Cadences, or Clefis, &c. as in the whole
Sth's^

'

Scope of Compofltion there is a Vajh Variety. " And fince I have thus far troubled my (elf,(and perchance fbme Readers in This Matter)\^z\\ not think It Lofi Labour, a little
articular Thing--^ becaule I farther to Explain ray felf in This to contend for the Credit o^ This New have known very many

*
' ' '

Tuning, with far Greater Zeal,{hut much more Confidence) than True Skill, Examination, or Judgn^nt-:,And indeed They do pa(s for very Sl^ilffil Men, and may be Co, for ought I know, yet

'
'

becaufe They have not, (I dare (ay, Overfeen in This Tarticidar leaft) Compared Them together,nor Obferv'd the True T)iffein the
->

No^e

well the

mo'ft?fincipaiiy-Emi-

on

dieK'

but have been more Ready, and Glad ' to follow the iVWej, and Fajlnons, than Minding, or Caring iov < the Subjiantial Vfe of their Jrt. Now I defire,for the better underftanding diThis'T)jfpjite,to have of the 7 Keys This New Tuning is It confider'd upon. How many in 3 FirU, as to C-fa-ut-Key, ( which is the moft N^ible^ fttaightued Feroick^, and Majejiical Key, in the whole Scale j J and, if there j^^ gj^y ^rcheminency to be given to any Key, certainly 'tis due to This,moJiEminently:,yo\i may (ee,He is Extreamly TeHt,and Straitned.l have a 106, moft of Them are very free and Familiar Stops^ eafie for the Hand'-yZnA he has but 36, and TittifuUy Crowded-Pomba(i Tlings,\n refpeft of the Flat Tumng,an.d moft of Them ^Difficult.
*

rence

between Them

See

....

'^m.,

,,

...

The Lute made

,

Eafie,

191

See again for 7)-fol-re, which is likevvife a very Stately^ Noble, TheExamifulKey-i and Majejhck^ ufeful Key I have 46, and he but 24, and very ^veraiKevs' much mare Intricate, in the ufe of them than arc thole in the
Flat Tnnivg.

Come we now to FU-nti-Key, ( which is the only, and Principal Key of the New TaniMg)and there I do acknowledge,he has
a very FandfoKt^ Free, and Tleafant Scope 5 and I believe. If I would have troubled mylelf, to have found out a few moreK^rieties in It, I might have done (b 5 but when I came to (ee they were both capable of 100 a piece, I thought itiufficient; they

both having Latitude enough. But now we are to viW F-fa-ut-Key, which is an exceeding Brisk,, Lofty, and Sparkling Key-, and fee, how Miferably he is 'Ptmond : I proteft, I have been very fblieitous, for to augment the Number of 16 Stops for him, but cannot do It any Way^ whereas the f/^* !7?^ has, as you may fee, "^i. Liberal, and Freo, Now as for Gam ut-Key, I muft Vail-Bounet a litde for Number, he having 67, and I but 51 ^ yet if It be truly confidered, according to the Compleatnels of the Well and Formal Lying of ihcTarts^xn Reference to Compofition^It will be fouQd,thatmy fmall Number, Will advantage me more in my Performances, than will his Greater, for matter of Compleatnels ; and that fmall difference in Number, is not confiderable, in relpeft of what he Icofeth in the others, especially this next Key to be look'd into, vzz' A-re-Key-y in which I have ( as you may fee) 168 5 behaand obferve what Brave ones they be, viz, mofl: of ving but 5 1 them Clutter d, Crampijh Stops, which mufl be performed with laying Crofs your Fore-finger, which is the Hardeji Tiece of Tlay ( for clear Stopping ) that can be ; la this he is ( as it were quite {hut out of doors, or fb Tefid up, that he has (carcely any J-re is a Mofl: Excellent Key. Scop at ail. Now come we to the lafl;, viz,. B-mi-Key 5 which may very for It is a Key feldom, or never made ufe well be put Hindmoft (as to be call'd the Key ( except It were B-mi-Flat : ) \ of, cannot fay, that I ever faw a Lute-LejSon fet in Tfm Key natural, in all my Life 5 yet I have attempted the fetting of fbme in This Work:, ( as you may find ) And in This Key I mufl: again Vail^ Bonnet, and give him tht Greater Number 5 but what fignifieslt? as much as comes to nothing, in regard that Little ufe is made of But that (in the whole) I have Advantage enough, I am fuffiIt ciently fatisfied ^ and fo I hope will all Vnbiajjed Terfons be, who will examine the Bufinefs aright , and not fuffer themfelves to be Jbus'd, and led by the Swing of the Silly Modes and FaJJnons, who muft needs forfake the Better for the fVorJe, and connot be therewith contented, except to cry down all befides what They like of:, ( which if It be New, no matter. And now I think I have Explain'd this Bufinefs, to the fatisfadion of all Rational Men and as for others, who are only for FaJ)ions j the Fafiions go with Them,and They with the FaJImns,
:, ,

Crofs-ftopping, the hardeft piece of LuVe^play,

Z-mi-Kfy Natural

feldom

us'd as the

Key
fort,

in

Con&C\

'-,

And


1^8
A
very Con-

The
And

Ciyil

^art

or.

fiderable

Tiling, as to

tlieCompleacnefs of' the

Lute-Tuning.

as for the compleatneCs oi any Lute-TuKh/g^ there is one mainly coKjidcrahle, which I perceive is not much regarded, thing and is, w&. the Formation of the 'Diapafom of the Infiriiment, to this purpofe, viz,. That they may Tone in a Natural Order, the True 'Proportionable Tones of the Scale^ as they lye Naturally in their Ranf{s^ or Orders-^ as you {hall find in Thif Flat Timing perfeftly they do ^ andfblikewite in the Theorhoe-Tuning:^ Explained (for Example) 7^v.

Or
ri

Thus.

E^=^=^i^:x=~E~
TAe Order of the Diapafins, in
'

the Flat Tuning.,

1
I

>
/
1

A
.>'
1

u
\

II

"II

/?

a
4
5 5

f?

Q.'^a.'^CL^CL

4.^a<^a.-^a:

a.

(C?*

This very thing adds fo much Liifircy and Advantage., to the Tuning of an Jnfirument., and the Mnfu\ thereox^, that I cannot Whereas upon the other, but 'defire, it may be taken NotMe of. Tuning., they want, and are foic'd ac which they call the Neve their laft '[Diapafon.,- (which fliould be the Chief Ghrji of their lute, as to the Bajfes, in that kind) to make a S/^ip, or an Illfa vour'd kind of Halty ( as we ufe to fay, ) as if they were Lames and indeed, what have they Halted unto, but to the niofb ufelel.s, and Improper Key., in the whole nature of Mu\ickj, to make a ^Period upon, ( vi%. B-mi 5 or a FialfNote ) as upon all '^ndiciom Examinations., you will find to be vex y Silly : For
Natural Recreation of Voice , when he would Pleafe, or Refrelh himielf, in Toning., in a Tleafant way ) will

who

in

his

S'mgThus ^
Wlio
( for

Recreation ) will Sing

ZX But

rather Thus,

which

Thus

is.

nioft.

Natural.

But if you were pleas'd, or could thus Crofs-grain'dly be Co contented 10 Sing., or Toy with your felf after this lirft Order : I fay. Examine that Tuning., ( upon the J^Jen' French way ) which I jlpeakofi and you will find It take very unhandfcme pains, (as I may fo (ay)Eo get to the lafi AW,viz.the O^ave., otT)iapafon:^znd
for to get to
as for
It,

It

muft, (,?s I
.].]
,

6id ) make a

Bop.^

or a Skipj

Example, 77)^.

'.

../li.!

2>

Great
'^

Sis-

And
*^^
''^

uiM

^"'

if this be not a Grand Blemifh to the Tuning., let any one Mnfical Gmius.,ox of Experience,]udgej It being fo very /-

tjatural,

and

( as to Signification

Nonfenfical.

For

The Lute made Eajie,

^

ip^
fo

For

in a Comparative rpay\ (asl ufe to

tell
,

(and have

mThis
Conceits,

done a

Comparifon

Book.) Mufick, or Muftcal-Tones

Shapes, ZVG Significant, in reference

Motions, Forms, or tSdH"'"' to fomething in Language viz.

Humours, Tajjlons,

or the like..

leave to be a link Merry, in the midSi of (for I cannot chufe bat Laugh, when I look^ upon, Sing, or Strike This Jtiharmonical Form, or Order of Notes etpeciallji in the Teriod of Thofe Diapafons of That 40 lear-Old-NexvTuning, viz. Thus.
derzoiiftefs
;

And

here give

me

^SE^p
^or *nethnk., I Taney Wrongly, tURelifli, or Refemblance, of a rerfon fitting upon a Clofe-fiool; which doubtlefs you cannot but likemfedo, efpecally if in Singing of Them, you will add a litConc&it, in N^ng, and Toting out the li?. and Groaning, or Grunting at the laft. ThisVncouth Form,or Order ofNotes,is (I fay) Thus Jptly,or Naturally Capable of fuch a kind of i?i./;V/.x, ov Humorous Conceit, Whereas That other Form of the Flat Tuning is fuch,that 'tis impofiible for Envy,ot the Wit ofMan.to put any the leaft Slur,ox AfFront upon It, andisCoTerfemyHarmonical, Co Naturally Sweet, Noble Generous Free, and Heroic^h Fxpreftng Co much oC Bravery, Gallantry, Refolution, yea even Majejiy It felf:, that f Beallv I I cannot but wonder, How fuch a 2)./;,?e as This, (hould be thus long undetermined by the Right Tietermination,
JMote,
,

tie

Humonr znd

viz.

J iTef;
But
as

" ^'^

That the

^'^^'''''b the Btfi',

^ ^z far

Excelling in mawho
) coming

has been
lately to

was attending the y^y^ J to fee My /^.r^i After he had turn'd ^^djccmg moft of my Lejfons were fr^ the F/^f W^,feemd rh?r7 Tr "''"''r ^''T^' notto be well pleas'd at It, whereupon I took an occafion ^oL)ircourfe the Buflnefs with him alittle,and to Vindrcate It ; but ft.U he feem'd to perfift in his Former Humour, """^y^ ^' ^^ """^^^ g^v^ no Reafon but only 'twas v^n"'"" ^e Fajlnon, and the New-Tuning) Then I turn'd him to That e^^e which I have fet Here mTage 192 d^c. which after he had while Confider'd upon, he was ftill and quiet ^ ^r. 5 wheieupon I defired^^.^ to tell me ferioufly what he had to fay

my fW.r,
I

an Old Mafier-Teacher upon the Lute, (and one all along very Zealom for That New Tuning
(

whilft

what Progrefs

had made

in This

which was as u>hichlliandup AnH^n^'^fr'l^r^^a-^^^^^ fir And douB^eis All muft do the like, when once They TrulV look mto the Right Reafon oC It, or elfe Renounce their own

I^:.h

^i'^i^f'^ V'^'^r

''^4'^ ^^^'^

^A.
*^'

^4
how

^e/.re 5

Keajon.

Thl^r

'a^I'^? ''"''r'^

fometimes,

It

came to paG,

s!^;/;fo^anoSr^

^'" ^^"'^ -^' ^'-/^^

-'^-f

ZOQ
'

The ChiI
*

Tan

or^

But now I think on't,! verily believe I haveHit upon theRight and Terfe& Reafon^ .and I am confident, there can be no other ' poffibly, which is 7yG' for no doubt, but they (I mean the ' Modijis ) have been long enough Nibblittg^ hfammering^ and * Ttmpvg at 7/, to find out forae Other, and would rather than a ' Great deal they could hit upon One which ihould be cry'd up for The Reafon ' Nerv why fio late5 but they are at a Ikoh flus nltrx 5 that is, they are OutNew Tuning ' vpjtted--) for except they ftiould produce fomething that may carfor the Lute, ' ry a And truTlaufibk kindofJJ^ow with It, they do nothing. * ly I believe, that the Wit of Man ftiall never Invent Fetter Tu' nings, either upon Ltttes, or Viols, than are at this day in Being, No better can ' and life 5 for queftionlefs, AB Ways have been Tryed to do be Invented, ' and the very Beji is nov/ in Beiftg 5 fo that let none expeft than what we " now Enjoy. more New 'Tunings, than now they have, except fome Silly, ' and Jnferiour Ones, ( as feveral I have all along feen ) but they ' dye quickly, and follow after their Inventors ^ but this of the ' Hat Tuning, and that of the Old- LTtte-Tjtning, viz, the Theorboe' Tuning, undoubtedly will remain fo long as Littes^ ^ndMuJc^ ' remain u^->on Earth, ' And lam very fubjeO: to believe, Thatthere are fome luteRt* ' Majiers, who do well -enough know the Trite T)ijfere}2ce ber ' twixt Thefe Two Timifzgs-.ytt: becaufe they hd.vt,(Tnconfideratelj) ' either nndervabted This, t>r: (^u'd up That fo ftrongly, are now
.

' '

JjJjamd to return again

Ignorance

of the

* '

But

T:ere 'tis

knovps, the General much, to find out the Truth, &c* plainly laid Open^ if they can but Relieve It, when

unto/,f,

andG^^

Teeple,

is too

they See Ip. But one Main Injury by This,]s falln upon the Sim' pie Learners, who are made to Believe^ that which is hot in 'Nattire, viz,. Thi\t'ns the Manner of Tuning of an Inflrument,thzt A Great Cul;' caufeththe Excellency of Mufich^: Now Therehes a Great GitlIsry CO Young Scholars, \vl;o ' lery 5 for Mufick^ is the fame^ ( quaji Mufich^) Upon all Ivfiriithink, that ' ments alike j only fome Infiritments have a Better Tveang^ than New Tunings ' others have bnngNtvvMu5 and alfo fome Tunings, are Better, than others 5 lick into the that iS;, dremore ^topeV, and Jpt, (as I have Sufficiently 7)e.World. <^''ffionJlratedti\Teady) to perform fome things upon, than are others But this the Scholar underftands not ; but Thinkj, That ^ A New Tuning hrings Ken) Mufick^ info the TVorld. 'Now, that they (hall ^be undeceived, who are thus Captiva' fed for 'WaM oi Sk^B, arid Right Injornzation, I hnve., you Tage 186. hov They ''fee) ifoi them down a Rule *-Themfelvcs (bal'l Translate any LeJJm, from one Tuning to ih^ (they fhail find) will be the very Sams (J other, and -the Mufich^
i'i

,**

^'

''^;in

ffll

^'unUilioes,

(only

as

t'Stops,

and

'Places, there

may be

faid)infome Particular Cafes, a more Eajie, or lamiliarWay

and fuch things in one Tunings than in ano'ther, which alters not the Mudcl^ at all. ' Now to Conclude This Bujinefi in Few fiords--. Let both Theje * Tunings he Examined, according to a 'judicious, and Rational ^Account 5 and It ftiall be found, That the Elat-Tumng, is a m/)fi 'Fn'U, Tlimfp, Brisk,, Noble, Heroick^Tuning 3 Free and

'of

Expri'jjing luch

"^

Copious^

The Lute made

^

Eafie,

20

dd Liberally to Exprefs any thing, in any But That Nerv Tuning is farjjjort ofTheJe Ac-' * commodations-j and i^ obvioujly fnbjedt to feveral Jnconvenienccs-^ * as before J. have manifefied^ and made plain. Yet I do acknoW ledge, for (bme things, upon fome Key's it is very Fine, and < Neat 5 but nothing fo SnhflaHtial, ds That Flat One 3 which mofl
Copious
'-y

Fif^ Aptly,

of the 7 Keys^

have the Treheminency^and rchich I doubt not, but when Thefe Things f} all be once Exdmind, * and Conftderdupon. Lejides, view here but of a Common Toy, yet an Excellent Old LeJ^on, known by the Name of the Nightingal, which I have here let down on purpo(e, in That Jncomperable * Flat Tutting, for their Eternal Shame, who fhall yet contend for ' the Treheminehce between Thefe 2 Tunings 5 and I only (et It ' down Single, without Its Tranflaiion ) becaufe I leave that ( * to. Themfelves, or any other to do, ( to the Belt Advantage ) ' left And let them then tell i {hould be thought to do It Tartially ' me their Judgments, after they have made their BeB Tryals to ' It is ( you fee) in Cfa-ut-Key, and (which is yet Tranflate It. * more for the Credit of the Flat Tuning, it is Set to be Play'd without the Treble String, which is no Small Confideration.
'

rporthily ought to

It will again Re-ajinate,

J-f'

U
-

JJ^
)a
7)

U
aaa r
'^
?i
)
1 I

(l^i^ J

.?
'd

-^

7)

;?

- r

'

r r
I

r
i

r "r

r r^r r r r

i_)
I i

I'?).
I

rp

a
rf'

-^a

^a

la

<P

^oi

J
I

ar
I I I

(>

>r
i.

c^

r
?)

^a
^?)

4^a
I

^cz

a
J

a
^'f^l

5 \<^<jL^aL

^a.

J'

i.f

ae\ii
i

\rfiaTa_ a
is

"
'

cF

S^_S_

J\
JJ.

IJ3
I

3IJ
<?'ii

IJ_

-Ill
/

<p<f
5

^a
/
'T

5 J

^a
J

^a
J
JB_

4^a

/
r r
?L
I

"iT~r r r r r r r
_'ai^
I

rrrrrirrrrrrri

^r

r r r r

fi'

''cc
J'

^a
J'
1

^Ct
J
1

So:

^a
J
1

a^a a-^a^a^a^a^a 4
// /
JJ'
1

J'

I'd 'd

'(Pa
1

irrrrrr^rirrrrrrn
1

r r r r r r >r
'd

-j^raia
^r-l'd
I'rt
1

an
7)
n
II

II

\'d'?\'d7>7)7\
1

'd

rd'd'd'd'A'd
1

<p

^ ^

'fl

/I

^a^a^a

^a

0a.

^a

'a

And

loi
*

The
jlfid let

Ciril

Tart

or^

Them do by

This of Mine^ as I have done by That (be-

*fore)of Theirs, viz. Set It in thefime Key: And Then Thus much Vk * adventure to Say^ and Tromife, viz. That if they Equallize This
'

'
'

*
' '
'

) in Freenefs, Fullnefs, ( and This LcJJon is but (as J faid ) One df our EngliJJ) Toys, or Common Tunes.) I mil be Bound tojiand upon the Fillory, 3 Market T)^ys, reith my Bookjn my Hand, and make an open Recantation, and Beg Their Fardon^
Eafe, Familiarity,

Lejfon^

C Tht0 Set f

by Their Tr inflation
-,

and Compleatnefs

rvhich vpill be but a Fit FuniJ/jment forMe,ivho have ThmTrreverenfly

'

tr
wliat has been one

attempted, andSpoken againji Their Great Idol, the Mode-, and to ContradiH the General- Svpalhvp'd-dorvn-Gobblet of the Inconjiderate ''Opinion, ofthe^oTears-Old-Nevp-Tuning. ' / muji be pardon d forTijs my Earnejinefs, ( or rather Zeal) ' in articular Thing , viz. againii the Humour of Invegling Thit ' Learners to Hanker, and long after Nevp or Various Tunings, &ic. ' moji Jj^urcd, It is, and has been ( all along ) one bcc.mfe I am
'

making die
LuceH.ird,

'
' '

Grand

Caufe of making the

If-,

the Great 7)ifcouragement,

L ute-Flay Hard, and Troublejbme^ to and Flindrance of moU loungZJnder-

f'omo^oLeartiers.
'
'

t^k^s Upon

'

Whereas, if Maprs would rightly Conjider Their own Eafe, and Profit Their Scholars Benefit, and Content-, and theFromotion, and Facilitating of the Art : They ivould Certainly RednceAU^or moji ofTheirFerfirmances to That One Only Copious,
-,

* '

Eafie,

ad Beji of Tunings

jvhich is moft

Sufficient^

and leaji

what
tclt

he Lut/sGier's

Enemy:

They might (with much Eafe) do : and I am ' Confident, that where there is One noiv Learns, (in a Short Time ) ' there ivould be '20, (yea very many more'-,) and the Lute brought into ' T)eferved ESieem, and Reqnefi again for It has no manner of Op< pofitzon. Or Enemy, but only the Opinion of Hardnefs, orT)ifiicul^ fj._^ ^^ ^y 'j'fjjg f^Jeans, It ivould Certainly be much more Eafte, as Jhave made fufficiently appear all along^ in This jVorkj, So that I c
Troublefome'-} the ivhich
-,

will fay

no more

to

This

T articular

but Troceed to the

Djphone.

Concerning

L I

*
i
l
l

.,

The Lute made

:.^;

Eafie,

Z03

%^

DYPHONE:
O R

C!^oncerning the

Double-Lute
The Lute
of Fifty Strings.

Chap. XLI.
HE
fee in

Figure of which Jnjimnient^ you may ^age ri^i--, which Figure doth fo

Perfeftly Reprefent the Original^ that if

you mind
lee the

It Veil, you may Fancy , you very InTlrumenlJt Self'', and is(as yet ) the One Only Tnftrumcut in Being of That Kind 5 and but Lately Invented^ by My Self, and made with My own Hands:, in the Tear 1672.

Occafion of Its TroduUion., was Great 'Defe^ in Bearing--^ adjoined with

The

My NeceJJtty viz. My My Vnjatiabk Love^

,

By what Occafion It came to be Inuented.

being an Injirument fi Soft ^ and Tafi my Reach of Hearings I did Imagine, it was pofiible to Cotttrive a Louder Lute, than ever any yet had been ; whereupon after divers Cajli, and Contrivances^ I pitch 'd upon This Order ; the which has ( in a Great Degree) anf^eredmy Expe&ation ^ It being abfolutely the LuBiejl or Loudeji Lute, that I ever jiet heard'-, for although I cannot hear theleaft Tw^w^of any other Lute, when I Tlay upon 7t 3 yet I can hear Th^, ih' a very Good Meafure 5 yet not fo / oud,, as to 7)i[}inguijl) Every Thing ITlay, without the Help of My Teeth ^ which when Hay r/^ye to the Edge of It,CThere,\vhcirc the Lace is Fix' d) I hear Ji/ FFltyDifothat Jt is to Me ( IThank^God ) One of the Frincifiiti&ly
Tiejire after the Lute--, It
-,

and

How
Perfon
.ind tlie

Deaf

mnv
Un-

Hear Mufirk;
valnablcBen,'!fit

fal Refrefoments, and Contentments I Enjoy in Thif World 3 what It may prove to Others, in TtsVfy and Service, (if any (hall

of tt rothe Author, being

Deaf.

think

fit

to

make the L ike )

-,

know not

but

conceive

Tt

may
Two Grc\c Avanraees it
lissofallotlif r

very ZJfefnl becaufe of thefeveral Conveniences and Advantages Jt has o?- All Other Lutes y as I fliall here declare. Firft^

be

You may

well conceive. It

may have
5

a Fuller,

Plumper, and
is

LuUier Sound, than any 0/Aer

becaufe the GCt/w

almoft as

Lure;, as TO Angment.i-

Dd

rionofSmind;

Long

Z04

The Qyil 'Part

-,

or.

for 'tis clearly HoUovp^ from Lofig ^^'^^^) 3s moft Ordinary Lutts jSlec^to Neck,-, without any the Leafi Jnterruption--^ fothat when you Tlay the One, you have the Advantage of the Other, at the

The wonderful Secret

of

Unities in

Sound.

fame time. Turn which you veiU : This is One Augmentation of Sound There is yet Another 3 which is from the Strange , arid Wonderful Secret, which lies in the Nature of Sympathy, in Vnities ; or the Vniting of J-Jarmonical Sounds 3 the One always Angmenting the Other : For let 2 Several InHruments lie afunder, (at any Reafinable T)ifiance ) when you Tlay upon One, the Oprovided They be both ExaBly Tuneditz Vnifins^ ther (hall Sound
',
-,

otherwife not.This is known to Curious Jnfpeto Each Uors into Such MyfieriesIf This therefore be True, It muft needs be Granted, That rohen the Strings of Thefe Two Twynns ( Acchordingly yput on!, and Tun'd in Vnities, and Jet up to a Stiff L^tfly T'ich, They catmot but much
Other:,

AS

Some

other

Confiderabk Benefits by Thfs Inftrurnent,

more Augment, and Advantage One the Other. Thefe are the 2 Main Advantages, a&tx) Augmentation ofSound-f which no Rational, or Vnderflanding Man can doubt of. There are (everal other Benefits by This Injirument as Firft, you are provided oi' Both the Mofi Con/pleat, atidVfefiil 1 7; tcs in and you have Them Clofely Ready, upon any Contrary, the World and Sudden Occajionj The Majejiic\ Theorboe, either for Voice, Organ, or Confort, C^c. and The High Improved' French Lute, for Aity, and Spruce, Single or 'Double Lejfons ; and is alfb a Mcfi Admirable Confort Jnjirument,where They know how to make the. Right Vfe of It, and not fuffer It to be Over-Tofd WnhSqualingScoulding-Fiddles j but to be E(jually Heard with the Reji, ^-^c Thefe I fay are always at Hand, to 'Pleafkre Friends Entreaties, &c. But for any Ones Trivate TraBice, It is of Mofi frngular Advantage for T)ifering Tra&ices j and will moft certainly make a Man both an Able Mafier, and gain Him an Able Hand : But Thefe Things muft be only Believed-, very Few having Try'd it out by Experience, as I my felf have done, with both Lute, and
-,
'-,

Theorboe.

Another Benefit by This T>ouble-Strung-Lute , is 5 whereasf other Lute-Bellies conftantly Jz)^between the Knot , and ther Bridge, by reafbn of the Great Force of the Strings T)ramng 5 fb that They are often to be taken ofF5 This Belly will not fb foon Sink^ there ^ becaufe the Strings draw contrary ways 5 By which fb that They may be laid to Counterbuff one another means This Belly of Mine has been kept Straight, and Tight, ever fiiice It was made, and not anyone ^^rr^^Kw^j ^^ Loofned. And It always ftands at a very Stifl and High 'Pitch, and Strung very Round. Another Convenience is. It will Endure a Lufiy Strong Tlay, without Jarring, ox Snarling All which other Weaker Lutes m^l
:
)

not do.
One onlyObjeftion againft
It, fufficicncly

Now againft all Thefi Conveniences,

beOe
more

and Advantages, there may

Anfwered.

very TlaHfable,zndTrobableObjeiion,(and there can be no ) viz. It muft needs be Cumberfome, or Troubkfome in the

Holding

The Lute made

HoUiftg, and Vfe.

Eafie.

20^

To which

Grafp of either Hand^ I fume, mth All manner of True Seized Lutes^ both Theorboes, and French Lutes, nothing at all ^Differing. Then as to the Eolding of It betwixt the Jrm , and Breafi, the French L^ite^ ( as I (aid ) is the very Same , but the Theorbos

Firji^ As to the Jnficer Thus. have taken fuch Care^ that It is the 'verj/
I

much more
is This'-,

Ealie^thzn

MoU TrHe-Confort-Titch'd-Theorboes--)^cc&vSh

fhey are Commonly more Wide,ox Broad in the i?7^x,and j^e^jthan For Jt is every way as Compejtdiom, andFIandy, as is the Lute ^ there being (carccly any 'Difference in Their Scite, 6t French Bulkj, ( as you may perceive by the Figure ) the which I chofe to do 3 becaufe I did Confider, That what I might Loofe, as to Fulnefs ofSonnd, ( one way ) in the Breadth, I knew I Qiould gain

Length ( the Other. ) The Length of the 2 Necks, and Heads, is no Inconvenience at all, after you are a little us'd to the Holding of Tt 5 for neither of Them touch the Ground as you Tlay : So that for My own Tart, I knowtf Inconvenience at all in /if; but find many Great Co7ivemoreva. the

much

'

niences

by 7ft
to Its other "Dimensions,
It is in Its

Concerning a VerfiB Tear-Mould, both Ways, (whi'ch is Judgd the Bejl Shape for onsS'TlS' Lute^^ And indeed the Very Beji Sounding Lutes are Tear-Mould, inftrumenc.

Now as

Body of

my

/;( Carries Compleatly 50 Strings, viz. 2 6 upon the TheorboeTart, and 24 upon the French-Lute-Tart. The Length of the Strings of Both, from Bridge to A///, are Exactly Confort-Titch : The Tre^/^ ^/r/w^j of Both, to be Titch'd to G-fol-re-ut : The Heads of the French Lute, the z;ey;/ _^/e with Others : But the J/e^i^ of the Theorboe is ?i-/? Shorter, than mofl Theorboes'-y the which (upon a fudiciom Examination, is ftill the i\f(9re Compleat , but ?ac^ zore Naturally Vniform, Troportionable, and ;(?, Cas to Sounds ) For Thofe very Extream long The Great inHeads, which ufually are put upon Theorboes, axe both Trouble- convenience J2;;i'e to 7ae, and Inconfiflent with the TunUilioes, and Criticifms d^MbfeHcads in yfr^ ^ They Rendring the Infirument Difproportionable within /it to i.f w or ^'^"'^""^ felf-^ for in the Vfe of fif, Thofe Extraordinary I ongBaffhs commonly Over-Bing, and Drownd the Trebles, or if ( to help the matter ) you ftrike 7^6^/;-; fb much the Softer j yet 7/&e;> (eem not to be of the fame Kin-flnp with the Shorter Strings, but as if They belong'd to another Infirument. Whereas Thk InUrument is (b Tropflrtionahiy made, that each Diapafon Defends Gradually^ Step by Step by which means, the whole Number, both of Short, and Long, Strings, Speal^ Vniformly, and Evenly to Themfelvesj

"

-,

which is a very Confiderable Matter, in any Infirument. I have now done' with the Defiription of TI^zV A-^aj Infirument-^ only I muft needs jS'e? for It, and i^/y Je/^ 0/?^, or Two Favours, in Reference to fome Allowances, which /if ought to be Confider 'd in AsFirfl, It is a New-made-Infirnment and therefore cannot yet Speak, fo ?f^//, as Jjf will do, when It comes to Jge, and Bipenefi 5 }-et // gives forth a very Free, Brisk,, Trouling, Tlump, and Sreeet Sound: But 'tis Generally known, That adds Gf?o^ we/7, and Ter-.^

^e

'

zq6

The Qhil Tart ;

TerfeSlion to All Jn^rufnentsvcAde of

or.

Contcrning
the In (ide of

Th/s Inftru-

mcnCjjnd

Its

Conveniences

Wood: Therefore Old Lutes, and Viols^axe always of rnuch more Value^ithm JSIew Oms'^o that if an InUniment be Geod^ when AW,there is no doubt but /jt will, be Excellent^ v.'hen It is Old. Secondly^ Tt -was made by a. Hand, that Never ( before) JltTherefore It muft needs tempted the Making of Any Inflrument want Thofe TerfeSiions, which a Sk^lfiil Tragical Operator in luch Things, would doubtlels have Given It. Concerning the In-Jide of This Inflrnment, in Reference to the Taking offthe Belly, at any Time, upon Necejjiiy ; Know, It is Co Contriv'd, that either Tart of the Bel/y may come off Single, and the other may ftill ftay on 3 For between the 2 Bridges, there is a "Dividing Joynt, which may cafiiy be Tarted, with a Hot Iron, and a little Moijl Goath, &c. ( as by IDireUion, in \he Mechanical Tart, Tage 56. you may fee how to do^ ) and It is much more EaJk to Takeoff This Belly, and fet It on again, than the BeUy of any Other Lute-^ for there is a Strong Barr,Glerved to the very Edge of each "Divided Tart, in That Tlace, which will come off with each Bel/y, and is of SuhJiantialVJe for ftrengthning the whole.Let This much fufEce to be (poken by Me, Concerning Thif New Inflrument 5 but whofbever pleafeth, may Hear It Speak^much
-,

Better fir

It

Self

Yet only,becau(e It is My Beloved T)arling,l {eem'd(like an Old Doting Body ) to be Fond oiltj Co that when I had FiniJJj'd It, I Be-de&: It with Thefi Fine Rhimes, following 5 Fairly Written up-

on each Belly ,
A Recreative
Fancy.

vi'z,.

Eirli,

Round the

Theorboe Knot, Thus.

am of Old, and of GvQzt Brittain's Theorboe was My 'Name.

(

Fame.,

Then next, about the Vnnch Lute

;

Kpot, Thusi )

Pm
(

not fo

Old

yet Gra've^
roas the

and much

Accute^

My Name
But
fince

French Lute.
One Vjiot to the Other, Thm.

Then from thence along the Sides, from

we are Thtf^ Joyned !Both in One^ Henceforth Our Name fhall be TheLuteDyphone.
(

Then again

crofs-wife under the rbiorboe'Titot, Thus.^

Viz.

When

They United Both againft

the D//fcb,and

Loe Here a PerfeB Emblem feen in M^, Of England, and o/Francc, Their Unity : Lihevpife * that Tear They did each other Aid^ I was Contri'v'd, and Thus Comphatly made.

Anno Dom. i6yi.

('Then ^Laflly; under the
Frch-If-I(.flt,
',

Beat Them Soundly.

Vi%. Difcordsi for the 7 th.

Thus. ;

LiOVg hai>e

we been Di'vided

now made One^

and ^i are
the 2 only
Hateful Dif-

Sang in * Jth's, i Now? in Fw//Unifon. In This Firm Union, long may We Agree i No Unifon's /i% That of Lute's Harmony.

We

cordi in Nature.

Th^s

in It's Body.^ 'tis

Trim^ Spruce., and Fine

But

in It's Sfrit.^ 'tislih^ a

Thing

Divii\e."

The Lute made Eajte,

Z07

mm

*/?!>

m
Concerning the o

THEORBOE.
Chap. XLII.
HE
which we The Defcri'^'^ and is an Infim- ^^^^^^^^ Old EngliJI) Lute 5 ment of fb much Excellency^ and Worth and of fo Great Good Vfe, That in difpite of aU ticklenefs^ and Novelty^ It is ftill made ule of,
Theorboe^
is

no

other, than That

call'd the

in the Be^ Terformances in Mttftck.^ ( Namelj^ Vocal Mnftck, But becaufe, I ifaid It was the Old Englijl) Lttte^ It may be is It not thtn fiillfi Call'dj but by the Name of the ask'd,

The

niffe-

Why

rence between Ic,3nd the Old

>igli,h Lit!,

Theorboe $

Old Englifi Lute^ yet as to the Z)fe of It GeneraUyy there is This Tiifjtrence^.-'s'vt. The Old Lute 3X>as Chiefly us' d, as vpe now ufe our French Lntes^ ( fo call'd'-} ) that only to Vlay Lone-Lefons upon, 8cc. But the Theorboe-Lute is is.) Principally usd in flaying to the Voice, or in Cotifort , Jt being a. Lute of the Largeji Seize 5 and vee make It much more Large in Sound, by coxi'Vi\v'm%\xm.Q Jt a. Long Head, to Augment and Increafc that Sound, and Fulnefi of the Ba^esy or T)iapafins, which are a great Ornament to the Voice, or Confort. Now by this little that I have (aid, it may well be ask'd, (if It be an Inflrument offitch PVorth ) Why is it not then made u(e
I

Anfwer, That although

It he the

Reafons,why

of, as a

Lute to perform fuch LeJJons upon, as are performed upon ^^^V^^.\

the

Lute?

To

which

Anfwer, for feveral Good Reafons.

Irbn.^
i/'f-Reafon,

Firji, This Great Lute , is of too large a Sciz>e for Juch Terforwmces \ They being commonly of a Nimbler Jgitation , than

Thofe Things which are the Voice-

mod

ufually

performed in

Confort,

or

to

And admit that any the Alofi Nimble Things, which arc us'd in Confort, comQio be perform'd upon a Theorboe, you mufl: know, that That Tart has only the Ground, or Bafs, Chiefly to in, \vhich;cis (in All Conforts, or what Gcnsrally is made ) the Slorvefi Tart of Motion'-^ytX. if the Terfirmer upon theTheorboe,has a Quaint,

AU

both of his Injirument , and the Theoretical Order of Mufick^ he will flmv yon Agillity, and J^imblenefe enough, But for yoHrGreat Content.
Skilful

and

Command,

zog
But as
^ts

The Qytl Tart ;

It is

or.

Ordinarily nfed. It is not an InHriment of That A^ivJty and Sprit, (appearing) as It is Really and Truly inltjelfi

and

Capacity t capable

of.

^
i^.Reafon,

Let This (uffice for one Reafon^ why it is not CalVd a. Lute^ or not put to That nfe of a Lejfer, or Jfell Seized Lute, forfnch Ninthie,

and A^ive
^d.
is

'Ferforn/ances.

by Reafon of the Largemfs of It, we are conftrain'd to make ute of an OSlave Treble-String, that is, of a Thick^ String, which (imds Eight Notes Lower, than the String of a Smaller Lute, (for no Strings can be made ^o Strong, that

The

This,

that

will [[and to the Titch of Confort, upon jkch Large Sciz'd Lutes ) and for want of a Small Treble-String, the Life and Sprucenefs cf

Nay- fuch Jyrey LeJJons, is^uiteloji, and the Jyre much altered. J have known, ( and It cannot be otherwi(e ) that upon (bme Theorboes, they have been forc'd to put an OUave String in the id. Strings Tlace , by reafon of the very long Sci%e ofthe Theorboe, which would not bear a Small String to ItsTrue Titch 3 be-

Cojreat Length, and the Necejjity of Jetting the Lute at fuch a High Titch, which muft Jgrce with the reft of the Incaufe of
Its

Tlruments.

A ^d.

Reafon,

was (b called Theorboe 5 but for Thefe Reafons 3 the 1)iflinkion of Names, between Jt, and the Smaller Lute, may well enough be maintained, feeing It has Now got the Name. ( ee in Greek,, begins a very Bigh Name. ) Another Good Reafon I (hall give, ( which is notconfidered of by many) Namely, That Thofe very Long, and Long-Sounding 'Diapafons, ( before mentioned ) are o^t&nGreat Jnconveniencef
Truly
I

cannot

tell,

why

It

inconveiiiencies,

to the Compofitions of fuch Leffons, as are ufually made for Leffer Lutes, which have their T)iapafons in a Shorter, and more Tropof tionable Agreement with Th&fe other Treble, and Tenor Strings. ^^"^ ^^ JO" "^^^t with a Lcjfon \v\\\ch. runs much with Quick:'

by Rea-

fon cf too long

Troportion'd Time, upon Thoje Long Bafes 5 you will find That (^yg^f Inconvenience before mentioned , which is, That the Former-

^j'uotrb?-^
orboe.

Struck:Bafs

\vi\l

Sound fo Strong, and fo Long, that the next imme-

diately following,

Imiy fofay)
pofition,

will be fo harfld, ( they Two Snarling together, OS that it will be as Bad, as FdlfeT)ifchording-Com'
'

andvery Confounding.

This Inconvenience (Here) is found Wfoti Trench Lktes,vA\tn their Heads are made too long 3 as (bme defire to have them ; beInEfrument , caufeth C2i\x^c {'mdetd') Length of String, in any and adds Lujhe to the Sound oj That String'., but if Bravery, They did advifedly con^idtr This Inconvenience which I have ?et toned. They would forbear fiich Contrivances 3 and choofe to

make
ful.

Their Lutes Artificially Troportionable, betwixt Their Baffes^ and Trebles ; which as to Compleat Terforntance, is Extream Need-

Now
tV.ePhying

as to TlireSHons for
I

Tlaying

This Inflrument,

you need

noue
]^(iy

becaufe

upon Che rbt"'*"

Particulars, in

my

^nd

Order:,

have fiifBciently diredted the Way thereunto in all Former T)ifcourje concerning the Lute 3 which you are toobferve \x\This ExaUly, inallTunUilioes 5

The Lute made

ttiUoes
i,

Eafie.
as Compkatly, as

109
upheto

and you may Play Lejfons upon It

on

the French Lnte'-) protided

They
,

hs^.Leffons proper,
(

and

earning the Gravity of

'J'laj

Thk

Itijlrnment

for

it is

very Improper

) elpecially in regard of the Q&ancJlebU-^ which will not. give, you the Livelinefs of the Jyre, ixsyom Smaller Lutes hill do: Ytt you may make very ";-" ccllenf Things ttponix, ioT^lciy (ilofte, if you obferve the Scope of
Jiggijl)

L/ghrmd-

Things upon

-It

indeed V have taken (b rnuch Tleafure in This That articular jr^^jThat I have made divers Things Infirnraent^ in to It in That J^attire ; a Tafi whereof I fball Here-after (et you down the Tlaying of which will enablp your Hand fufficiently for a better ufe of ft, in Shying aTart in ConfoKt <^ff__^,Baff^^ which --__L_.. .vi.:..r~f ^.IT'^ is no Ordinary Tiece ofSkiUi T)ircBions unto which I (hall likewife (et down imkediately after what here follows.
the JnirHmefit.h.nd

'-y

TheTh^Q^heTtining,.
>j
>,

Z^ii1fotfi\
tr

f
"

n
.f

t
fl

a. a.

d
.f

'""^
tf>

s a

'7^

r a
-

ii

a r

il

,.

Eighths.
a.

Fifths.

'-^
f?

J 'Jir

a
't\

a
ff

r a. -
a.

la r
1

r r
II

kj

a
.

a.

11

d r au a''a^cL^a^a 4 5 6

a
-

r a a^a^aL^a^a.
<l

a.

^-^
?>

q.

456

And Here
It

is T'/itf/

0e Only Leffon for your ff^Wjwhich although

may be T)i-ijided (as it were) into 19 Several which you may perceive by the Taufes, and Double Strains 5 Barrs, I have made 5 and alfo (et figures at the Beginning of every Tlace: So that you may (if you pleafe) leave off at any of. Thofe Tlaces But I fet It Thus, to (hoW you the way and manner of Playing Ktf/^w^^rj, which you may Imitate, This Lejfon alone will make your Hand Sufficiently for the
(eem long,
:,
.

whole Bufinefs of the Theorhoe,

be It

what

It will.

Therefore TraUice It well:, for I intend tofet no more to That Purpofe J for I Aim at Short Work^: Therefore He proceed to the DireBions of Playing a Tarih jour HandWmg (Trfl: made, there m\ihetHch LeJs7)ipculty'mThat.

AFany

ZtO

The Cml
5

Tan
Alone
to

of.
Fit for

AFancy-Tr^lttde^ or Vokatarji

Stefficieizt

make a Good Hand.,

AM
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//

J)./^

'^

'Zi^xyg
(L

g
ia
oiiJ*

g
>(^^

gl

ar?gg
ib e/

g|

^a

gi

g g
n

ar

g
a

gr^
"A.

"a r
'S^l?)
\2l

r^ J

hkfkfJhJhr
g
I

g<Pi?>

_a_

ig
I

ig

g
So

Lo.-a

a
/

g
x-/-

n
ar

!^
d

?)?r
?)

7)

ig
I

ar'^sr

n grgr ^rg ;/
g,
I

;j^

a
a

dyr cTr

?)
f

g
(L*

g
r

-a.

\ \ii^-^

'3-"-

_g

Lo:
^j.

a
j>j^

6o:

Lo:

^g

j>j\
7)

j>J^
(I

g<pg__g 7> a<v>g gra rgr(L>rg g g

1
I

g
e>

|g|l

J7>^g

g|gi
II

g
Ld:

^r

-^

gi a\

Js^l

gSo:
J'

g
J
I

^a

a^a a
J

^
7^<P

__
r
ClJSo:

7>/?g

/?>a(g^l

g
'a

^
:

a
_6L
/P
!

6L
I

g
ir

T1)I1

T)- <pg

J^S^rrz^Cog

a<fa.^a^ Lo:

-^g

i)o:

Lo.

The

L,ute made Eafe,

J^.^
I

ZI5

J/
7)-

'h>^a:
>7>

-2L

<P1I

g
'^a^a

<P

"^

an
rii

Wa

(?

a
o:

r
'd
-^

aa
Lo:

^a

-^a

4 4
/i^

So:

^a
;^.j^

J^-i^

^-h

;^.j\

Ail
h' f?

e
a
/a
<*a

e ^a

e
-/a
I

.S-

a
Jd.

& &
^a

e e
a

va

-LCl5L

^
/
^~

/j^

Sh
~'

!h

Ih
I

^h
r
?

Ih
-^
>'

Sh
-^ So;
j*j^

r
'a
j^

<T
g

>

n
> I

-r

-r ^^"^^t "?> ?

a
ji^

a
i-i^.

;^
<Pia
-I
-(P
-Ct-

j>j^

/^
a

j>i^
"b
-

^2

a
<?

a
v<P

6'

ai?)

7^7

>

is _?i
-Ty

LO.

_a-

-I
1 I

?>

'Is

-g
Lo

g
g

IS
/J^
/.J\

g
^i^,
j^-jV

/-i^

X^
g
.

/i^
_

_^
1

g
r

r
JJI.

g
"a

-g
?>.

^^
g
/J^

g
I

-^ ^g
AJ^
jp

HE
I

-g

^^ g

po:

^g
/

^a
J>j^
<pf

N"Tt

/J^

/J^
<p g"

^
Sq:

tf>

<P

<p

'a

<P

g.

-n
7)
.

-,-:3_

j_g

a.
Lq;

xjs
a.

ih
CL

^h
^^ ^
.'

n
I

/^
'^^

/i^

, ^^ ^^

\.

__Lg____i<x
So:

g
_g_

'T

-g
Lo

^ g

'^

'<^

"^

'^'^

<^

>^>

g THm

-^g

<!^

ya.

So;

over for the next.

"

1)6

The
i^

C^yil

Van

or.

]/;

...
a
j^

jj
I

I..

aa
r r

^-

J^

jzq:
J

^a

r
r

/J^

a
r
'
I

aa
a

aaQg^

'd

-<^

'^- ^^"-^g

r><p

TP ^

a
^a
J.j^

^a

//
ar a

/J^
1

a^cL

^^
II

ir

J gy

n_ g 6"

Chap.
'.I.

XLIII.

Remember, t^vomisSCome'Dire&iomfoT Tlaj/iftgtx'Part upon theTheorhoe ) which //ere fol/emug are fetdown. The firft Thing therefore, ( after the commanding of the /ill

Jimmeftt,
Jldvife

forae ToUcrabk ipay oi Readimff-i ( the

which

(hall

you unto, ^c. } ij.ow are to know your Notes upon every String. andStop^ according to, the Scale of Mujtck.-, viz.. the
' r Gam-ut. Therefore that you may know Tyde;)/ 5 Jrlere (under) ftand All the Notes of the Scale^ ( according to Song ) in one Crder , And beneath Them the fame Notes^ Letterwife , as we ufe Them
-^-

'

"

upon the
ffi-

Theorbos.
4^:g-^V.,,|
.

I 1

.;d

-,,

.,,,

i-

>

a r
Oamuc

g
Qj
.

a r
r
.,
.-.

a
li

'd

j^^
1
1

-;.

-^,
'

OLX,

>

1-

"I--

-'-'

**

>i

Proper.

a-^a^a^a 4

Thele are the Natural Notes of the Scale, the Sixth String being Generally us'd for Gam-nt, upon a FnlJ-Scizd Lnte ^ but upon Zwfex of a Smaller Seize, which will not bear up to Spea^

Thmpljy

The Lute made

Tlumply, or
Luflily
^

Ea/ie,

z 17

make the ph. you may (ee.

String

according to a Confirt-Titch-^ then we Gam-nt , as here in This next Vnder-Line

a f

a r
li

a r
d

a & a

a ^

7)1
1
I

j^

*c

Gam-ut-y 8cc. for a Lefs Lute.

But becaufe the Sixth String is moft Generally us'd for Gam-ut and al(b it is bed for your TraBice, to u(e a Z^rge, and / nll-Sciz'cl
-,

Lute. I will purfue the Bufinefs in that Tropcr, and zw^^ Rightful way, making the 6th. String Gam-ut.
a CompleatTheorboe-man, muft be able to underftand Compofition--^ ( at leaft) fo much of It, as to be able to put Trwef/jordfw together, and alio

Now

you muft know, Ihat He who would be

whacisnc"fl^jryiora
to knoviT""^

Their proper Tzwe/, and'F laces ) and likcwile to know, how to make all manner of Clofcs Jmply^ and Tropcrly. And to Jjfifl you in That Tarticular, I (hall only refer you to Mr. Chriftophcr Simpfon^s Late, and very Conipleat Jiorks ; where you may inform your felf fufficiently in That Matter, who hath fav'd me a Labour therein ; (for had It not been already fb ExUly done by Him, I fhould have faid (bmething to It, though ( it may be) not fo much to thepurpolc 5 ) But my Drift is not to Clog the World with any thing that is already done , efpeciall Co
Falje, in

.*^

Well.

be, (to fave you much labour in finding out the Chords) and to give a Qujckjight of Them, ifi. according to their Natural Agreement, in 5^/V, 5/A'/ (^th's, and ^th's. Sic. And then to ftiow you. Examples o^ Clofes, ox Cadences iov evcxy
all

My i^/7e/} (hall

which when you can Readily perform, from off a Songyou may be faid to be a ToUerable Terformer in a Confort, upon This Tnftrument. And Ibme there are, who cannot Compofij yet by doing Thus, pais for very good Tlieorboe-Men. But ftill you muft further know. That the Greateji Excellency in Thk Kind of TerfornUncty lies, beyond whatever ^ireUions

Key

Note,

TheGreareft
Excellency m3.ThtorbM'

J Lend His Ear, to the Jyre and Matter of the Compofition Co, as ( upon very many Occafions ) He muft forfake His Aule ; and in':,

,, can be given by /?/?, The Rule is an Eafie, Certain, and Safe Way to walk by 5 but He that fliall not Tlay beyond the Ride, had (omerimcs better be that is, He muft be able (together with the Ride Siknt to

(tead

to the

of Conchords, pafs through all manner of Difiords, according Humour of the Cojapofi4ionsie ftiallmeet with.

This r/^///^ will require a Qidck^Tlifcerning Faculty of the Far^ rhwg.^cquw an Jble Hand ^ and a Good Jmgment. The i i?. of which muft ht *'''^ '" * 7*^'"^-*given in Name ; the 2 !aft will come with TraUice, aqd Care.

Ff

I will

iiS
I will

The Chil Tart

now

or.

proceed, and lil, let you (ee all the Chords s- Harm on/cal, upon every Key^viz, o,d's, ph's, 6th's, and Bth's 5 To which pLirpofe, take ^ViewofThefe follovcing Lines.

earn- uc Sharp.

S:
-^.

a
Al!
ti\

a
ajx

theNatuStops pro-

^cia_

a aa
\

a
\

.a_ajj_(b_hjL>_h

aasssssssss s s s s r_r ^
I \
\

per to Gimut^ wirli Its

r r r r r r r r r r r

11

Sharp-Third.

All Thefe Stops are proper to G^m-nt^ confider'd in Its Sharp Thirds Fifth, and Eighth , and you have Liberty to ute which of

Them you

pleafe,

when Gam-ut
Gam-ut
at

requires

Befides, to amplifie

any time

no other Chordes^ if It be a Long 5

Note,

Long T>iapaJonj which we call you may put to It 7)ouble-GajM'Ut : Which String I have added to all my Theorboes-^ though very many, either want It, ( as h^v'mg but 2^ Strings :,) or elle when they would have It, they are fain ( to do, as they do in the New Tuning of the French Lnte ) make an unhandfom Skip\ or Halt UDto It, by Timing their laft Bafs a Note Lower ; by which means they take away, and want double Ayre , which is a very
the Greateji

Brave Ornament to the

A
fljeorboi is

Theorboe.
it

incompleat, without It
carries

16

Strings.

have not 16 Strings (b, as that from the Gam-ut String, there may be a perfeft Gradual T^efcent of a Compleat Eighth'm 'Diapafons ; which is very Ornamental, and VJefnl in a Lute : Concerning which Thing, I have (poken more largely, in that 'Device I made, to Tiijiingutjj)
Therefore
--i

I fay,

a Theorboe cannot heCempleaty if

betwixt the

Two French-Lute-Tunings,
with
Its

Now fee Gam-ut

Gam-ut Flat.

in p. 203. Thirds^ with all Its Stops ufual. Flat

a
HereTheyare,
with Its Fkt Third.

a
1

g g ?f
I I

aa

?)

? h h h
)

ad
S S S S S
S'
*c.

p-^r

~nnr
J_JI
I

r r^f
jT-TrrT

--jiig

aaaaaaaaa aaaa a a a a aaarSTa

I

r r

Gam-ut Flat: That is, When Gam-ut Flaf-^ (as It is Sharp, by has the Third above It, (vi%. B-mi ) reafon oiUsThird-T lace- Sharp above It:) Which may mCompofttions pleafure of the Combe either FUty or Sharps according to the
All Thefe arc proper to
pofer-

Flat or

fchKf Thing
toberegar-

*"*

Therefore TJ&^ns one of the Main Things yon are to regard in ^^^ ^py^^ ^^^^ whether your Third(to any A'cj'^be Flat, or Sharply ftands Fix'd in the cither according to the Nature of It, as It ot Humour of the Compo^^ale-, ov el(e according to theZz^7|,
/er, as
^

he win F(?m

//.

.';

This

The Lute made

This next Line and 8/^V, Natural.
(hall

Eafie.
all Its g^/V, 5^///,

119

(how you

A-fe^ with

A- re Flat

arsj.

Sharp.
::$::

Thus with

Its Flat-Third.

Thus with
ii_

Its

Sharp-Third.

r r r r r r r r r r r r
gy"(2>"(L
>

rr_
-C_r_r_r__r_r_
<L (L t> t> jj
<
\i

a a a. a

t><b(i'

Qj
i
I

<i>

<b

Z> (b
i

<b

<b(b<L

(b\\WZ6'_G>jbjjjjjj_\
r'w'r

rjr^ r r

r r r r r r r

rrrrrrrrrrr
5^/6'/,

The next Key is B-ii^ which isaiTeyleldora or never T'/rfj' ^i upon, ( as the Troper Key of the Soiig or Z e^on \ ) however you
have occafion to ufe It Therefore Here It is (et you.
will

in Its ^d's,

and

Sth's {bmetimes.

B-mi
Flat

N':ittiril

and

Thus with
(b

Its Flat-Third.

Thus with

Its Sharp-Third.

Sharp.

(LJb_t>

t> <b e.f

_C>JL_(L'JL'JJ/JZ/JLl.

r
f? ff
I

s s s
J

S <9
^_L

s s
\9c9

s Si
<LII

r
t><b
(L>

s asa
c9
Qj
(i>
)

<9

s <9 ss
c9
<L>
I

r r

cj>il'?)7)?>"

ML,<b^<L<L'bhti<i)<lj (LQj

<L (b (L

<b <b <b

becaufe B-fMiFUt is a ^e^, us d for xh^Key of a J^w^, or Lepn^ ( and indeed is a very Brisk^^ and Sprightly Good Key to Perform in) I will here let It down, as I have done the others,

And

with

Its '2,d's^ $th's,

and

Bths.

B'tni Flat'
tfit

Thus with
'ari
6'
\

Its

Sharp-Third.
"^t
II

Thus with

Its Flat-Third.

aa.aa.GLGL
rr_r_r_r_r_
7i7> 7^ 7>

3. a a al) ms 7> li 'ee ejELfi^J^ s_s^_s_sj

a, ols S _S_S
-"a

^ 7> Tt 7>^ ^
11

^^

7> 7)

l ^s^s_c-^ ?) ^ ^":?) ^

s s s i_ sw <p<f <p s s_ s_s ^11 7)'^ 'a ?> '^ '^^ 'i^ ^an^li
s\\
<f

as

_QjJLJbJj
'f
1

S_ ~

ij

S'

-a i)

^^

Key,

C-Fa-ut-Key is next, and is a Af(3^ Noble, Generous, and Heroical fit to Exprefs any thing o^ Magnanimity, and Bravery upon.

And

therefore

Turn over

to

It.

Ff

r-;a-f

IZO

The Chil ^art

C-fa-Ht Sharp

or.

and

Flat.

Thus with

Tts

Sharp-Third.

Thus

Tpith Its

Flat-Third.

as
'3 'd '^ 'd

s s
i

aa
I

s s
bii
ii

aa
6'ff6'

r r r r r r r r_s_sj\
d "~'^7^ h
'

ee

s s aaas s s i s S S
J-'

ryes'

r r r r r

h aaaaaa aaaaa aaaaailiiiijcia a a aaa

i
1 i

r r r r

h h

7?-fol-re-FLit atid Sharp.

&^

Thm

iriih ^is

Tlat-Third.

Thus with
a.

Its

^harp-Third.

r r r r

r r r
I

^aaadao.
^_ ri
a_

aJJ"
^l_

aaaaa

aa.aa.._(b.<L..(Ltf Qy <bjj_

r r"r r F-r-?=-r-r~rr~r Ti r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
E-la-mi Flat and Sharp. \

_JLt>

t>

+'L'0-

W,

m:
'7'/6/' JP//Z

:$3==
^i^J-

Flat-Third. Thus veith Its Sharp-Third.

(IQjIj

aaa
i

e^

rrrr .hhhh
-fTnrr
i

r r r
ts is
_

_e> eg

(Lr

ei.

uL h

cj>

j> c9 eg

n?^?)

\.

s i

F-ft-ut Sharp
'

and Flat,

:.'-!- )T~r:'

mi=z77ij
.V_v9

=i:

a^^/5'

'^tsJharp-ThJrd:

Tj^wj ?f?S^

^^f-r

Flat-Thipi.

-^^o^'
:-/7

aa%L ZJj-^M^^Ji j;$ ^ y^^^O y I;'^:hz ^ V7 g g g^ ^ .? cz g. ^j^^ I IJ I g g c^ g g c^.^^

I
II
'

of the moji Fawiliar Stops quite proper for Thefe 7 Chordes , which through the mhole Inftruntent^ 7 /^'W are all vi^e have in the whole Nature of Mupck^ Naturally 5 for as I faid, in my Former 'Difiourfe, when you come to the Eighth^ you are come but as to the lif. Toint^ or 'Flace where

Thus

have given you a

fight

you began.
a T:i(ipafon to any o^ JllThefe, will both give o^dreater Lujlre, and alfo add more Variety-, and be a Caiife of Greater

Now the adding

The Lute made

Eafie.

Zl\

Greater Freedom, and Advantage for the H<?W, in many Cajes, which you will meet with. As for Example, See in This next Line, what Bravery^ and Variety there is, only in This Keyoi F-fa-ut, being the Lajl Line I Set you ; And that the Addition of

One 'Diapafon has givenyou above and divers more could I find, which I
-This isao-fia^ll Cmjtder-ation
Lme--rtay:-,
to'

Double Number

o'l

Stops-,

forbear.

the Faje and Advantage of

^""-^^

^.

F-fa-ut
'.

Augmented by
.

Its

Diapafon.

a a a <i
I

rir a a a a a a a a a aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
r
r

a a a a a a <L <b fc"^ a a <b._(i> z> da a da s as a dad a asas^ssss

a_3 ?_3 '^

r.frj.frrrr.f r r ^3 '^ "^33 T) 3j>33._JO-IS ?_a_a ?).?) a. a

'jyd_
?)?) ?> d ?) ?)
'^>

a^g_g

gaa

rrti

aaa

a a
r

^<..

V^hus may you

to have Thefe ifi the Beginning of This Book},

what an Exceeding Great Advantage It is Diapafins added unro Otir I utes j which as I (aid
fee,

'11:3)

come

is one Canfe that the Z/z/e is bewas in Former Times, when they had but half fo many Strings to Tlay upon. Befides, the Jf;firument\svi\2idieThereby far more JUtdirious, and AW^, than ever It was in the Old Time. Now by the Example ofThk LaU Line, you may your (elf Examine the whole Lute in aWltsVarietiesy with Eafe--^ for it is too much trouble for me to go through the whole Number of Stops, through all the Keys in Thk manner: But! hope This Hint may fiiffice to (et you to Workjy which will be al(b much more ^vherein lies ^Profitable for you; for what is Gaind by your own JnduUry, and the Grtatcft Experience, will be ten times more Advantaaious to you, than ^'^^"^' 'Ij^.'^' vantage (or a ^ tt f7~,.>^'r-- or a r> y r done to your /T'^wrf. c J -uijcaurje, or (eemg Bujinefs Learner. 7^^ laji very Line may be a fufficient Argument^ and 'Demon- ^^a^ pijTeMiration, to prove the Diprence between the Lutes di This re nee, and 0r 7/?e, and Tho[e of Former Times , and that we have Infinite u "vvktThe^ Advantages of Them, both for .r<r<7/)e, Z"^/-, and Freedom ; and Lutes W our Principally above all Our Lutes, muft needs SoundmoxQ L ivelily, Time, and Brisk, and Cle^r, in regard we are not 'Pe/erW through Neceffity, IT/Timlu' to Stop Cnch Difficult CvoCs Full-Stops, which They were Compelled unto, to produce Variety, by Reafon of fuch a (mall Number

far

more

Eajie, than It

F^

t,

of Strings. The exf TT*/";?^ lie (et you down, (hall be to (how you the way of Amplifying your Tlay, by Breaking your Tarts, or J>(7/?/, in way of Dividing-Tlay upon Cadences, or 67(?/ej ; which is J^'^Amplifir^ one of the moji Compleat, and Commendable Terformancesui^omyoatnay, Theorboe in laying of a 'P^r^ And to make the who!e Bufinefs Compendious,znd Short, learn to do It upon This One Cadence well, and ( by It ) you may do the like your felf (by Oi'^ery^fif^w J upon all the other. And Here JtAs in Gam-utClofi.

^
U...J-

XX%
I

The
2

Cml Van
-^_
J
n

or.

:^---

-=^^
"

:^
a
(I
ii

^ J ' a a a aa\a\\ a a
"r
"r
'

a\

rii
II

^ rr

To
r

ririi
ygii
Fldit.

r_ <p

la r'? raa^i rr r g. r r d^ r _ii r

>
i i

dJ J a \a a _^ a _._
r
i

J/
.__
d
(L

"oTv

rji
ii

i.g Pl^i" Cadence.

la
6

gi
Another way.

0a
!Z;[!^

Ihe Clofe Broken.

r^rrr::

I'J^S-J'f

Tg "^

g a g_
I

?^

>

ji_a r ni

ij

na

a
?>

a
I

--^ r
r

^
<^g
5_

r
'r

rii
II-

IC
Vivifion upon It.

r-Tj?

rg

7)

-Ol ni
_a_ii

l_L

"I

<^..3_JI^6

^g

:$=:==r::

~
r

-^-

ci

(L cf

h^_^f

g^

g
7^^r

g a
-P:

gy

g
e/

a
-

rr

giL
II
II
-I

g
'2r_(

11.

r r

11

g
^g

"II

g
8

^1
J./
J

/
i!

J"-/
_g_rL2^_<z>
fi-

gT'^

g_
\a.

f
J

s
I I

.f

(L

g
r
g_

"rr __ii.

-^
JL
_g_

_:__?) r
I
I

'ad J g?) r
rii

g a
II
I

ra

i
i

Z
I

X
<^g

i.c

l_

J_S

IL

^a

QV

:=:i:
J^
__t

^1
(

a
.f
-_
i

c?v

g,

^~Iri~'^ " r'r 7>>rgi r

II I
I

r
:

t
I

g_

<i>

r
?)

a
r

ij

J^

r
ig

^^


The Lute made Eajte.
lO

ZiJ
II

&:=?:
J

a a
r r

Ua
II

^=.~

^
Qjr iQjT

J'

11
11
fi

I 1
1 1

'd

.......

'^

?)

7)

7>

a r
1

a a a a.
r

w
ii

v--

r r r r

._.

11 11

a
6

II

g
^a
II

II

!-

&
_b
>f

Ii
h

e/
I

i
^
g
I

Lar

J
-

^~1/

-^

g g
r

a
an
rii
II

^/
gv
r-

a"

g
15
i:^:-

ir
)

\a

rriirr --^ r
u

g r- a
r-

g
j>/p

g
r

r-

^a

^g

H
^i
/j^
h
<L_

i
J*

^.
J
J*

;g^^l^i^
;^
i*

g_
r r r g
11
I

<b

r
b s
<

J .g> g
1

_g.
g/

g
a^r g
gii rii

(L
.

gJ

a
r
?>

ir

>r

7i

_g

jt:
I

ni
rii

g
^g

_L

\a

aiig
6 15

^g_

^d^d

5F.=*^

ig
^
\a
J
all

Et=
/
JF
1

/Ai^

/.

a
7i

a
a

a
7)

a
7f
.

a
'^
.

a
.
.

"h

^^ ^t)r

yff

r
r6-

gif r ^
(

T
"

n ri n
gi

g r

S-:

i
<L
I

M/
jjja r

d
gii

g
LC
I

^g

\\__
II

i -t r

>r7>"
g.

_g r r

lAlir r r g
.

i I

g
I

g ._ r
^~- gl
I

~rii

T
^a

l_i
Ii

JXi

ir
I

Idj^

a
I)

^C

Turnover fir the lyth. Variety.


z?4
17
_
4,

.^'.

The
_

C^yil

Tart

or.
18

:_-=n=fc=_ ps=^^_4=3
-^
J
*

"

t-^
J'

..^

__:

a
J t r ar_i)r la
I1

'^

ar a'r
1

1 1

7i

(
1

a
r
1

arl

(la
rii

a
r
r

a(L
T
1 1 1

-ir
J

r nir
r
n
II

la

19,

:^^:
J
(]

i
s
(b

^
J>-/

a a
r

a a__j___

_a

r g

e.:

a a\a a aj_r_ r *<? r ar rir a

I l

(b

r a
'^

r
1

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itv'"^

^
a
<p

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II

11

r
a_

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20
Sr=:=:::=:r:r::

^g
:$::==

-a

:i=z:z:

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-

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11

av
r--

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d-_

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r

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.,

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j>.na_-^.ir.,

._

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r r
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it
11
;

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--;ir
-J 'Li|

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II

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^g

r <=^

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21

^=$=

sf^

:~_^:

S^
.

- --

_a_ ag a rvlg__a.g_. aia. r-P a r^=rf-^32ir?)Oa^ <iv a_jgvir

ar_
11
II

rri

r-

'11

11

11

IT"'

_g_g-

ir_nI

ir_-fi

gg

11:

<^a
will enable you of Thefe 21 Varieties , any Key. Notes to do the like upon all Oofes, 01 long

Rnht Cbfervame

"^Therefore

L may late: mich. UhouvJp^Ejxe/^plifxtmWmfiM

--,

to N:ow btciufe I !\v6urd1mve"3jS-fPr4L eomplcatjy able wkfcout the.?:^. -iiianage you -te-^/^jrW^^yf iipo&tiieJi&wr^e,
-

other
i

/\ e/.

-.

-.

~ifjr'r"^"~"'V^i.-!

"TT"

I'

.a^

The Lute inade Rape.

or Knorpkdge of any other 5 Take only Thefe Fcrv FoUomng Obfer5 which with ^hat I have already iaid, and you connot mi(s of It. Fn the firfl: place therefore you are to Tah Notice of your Key^ which you muft Examine for, and find from the Clofe-Note of the Safs-^ for that is ( or ought certainly to be) tht Key. Secondly^ Obferve whether It be a Sharp, or a Flat Key ; which you {hall know by the Third above your Key. As for ExamjJle, If Gam-ht be the Key 5 and if no Flat be (et in B-mi : then It is call'd a Sharp Key, in refpeft that the Third to the Key '\sTvpoFhU Notes ; but if the Third be but a Note and a Falf'-y then 'tis call d a Flat Key ; and for That Caufi is the General Cnjlcm of calling a Key Flat or Sharp. ^dly. Take notice what Chorde's you are to put ( Generally ) to every Keji^-, and bearing in your mind, that ybu have but 7 Keys to trouble you, your Work^ will be the more Eajie, and (Tip^?vations
fortable.

Zl 5

How

to know vcur Jicy.

How to know tvhethcr It be

a Flat or

Sharp

Key.

How the Work will be

made much
Eafietjthan tc
is

Imagined.

Thole 7

i^ej/j-,

or 'DiUd'nces, as they are us'd in

talk of

Cor/ipofitiot?,
<^th.

by

the

name of

Chords, viz. a Vnifon, id. ^d. ^th.

6th.

go and

an ^fh. ph. lof/j.&c. They are but as the very (ame before Repeated, viz. an Eighth^ is as an Vni[on, the ph. as a 2<5?. the loth. as a 3^/. So that your Bujinefs will be no more, than to underftand the Right nfe of the
yth.

And whereas you have heard

7 Chords. Now yqu muft know, that the (ame Geerd'/i?K/ejdonothold to all the Notes of every ^</f for if Gam-ttt be your Key, ( or Whatlbever be your Key ) there will be Two of the Seven, dt
leaft,

excepted froni the General Rule , as Thus.

is

have excepted agaTnft)you may put a 3^. 5/^. and 2ith. or to (bme,but One,or Two of Them ; ( which Number 3 are all that Nature affords us Single, at the lame time.) And there are Generally, 5 of the 7, which are Thus to be obferved but the other 2, moft commonly, are not to have the 5#A. but a 6th. Now that you may know which Thofe Two are certainly 5 you are to take notice, xhty zxc Thofe Two mxh^ Scale-Natural, which arc immediately under the 2 Half Notes, viz,. B~mi is the one, and E-la-mi is the other. Yet alfb, if at any time, you meet with an Artificial, or Forced Half Note, ( that is ) which is only made fo, by reafbn of a Sharp added unto It j as for Example, If Gam-ut be your Key, and F-fa-at (hall be made Sharp > then that Sharp Note is properly capable of a 6th. as well as thole other 2 Naturals^ arid Co o{ all other fuch Forg'd Sharp Notes of your Bafs, at any Time. Nor do I mean,that upon neceffity you muft always u(e the Fifth in all other Notes, excepting fuch as Thefe but (bmetimes you will have oceafion to ufe the Sixth in any Key ^ but your Eye and Ear muft be your Chief Guids : Yet you muft never begin nor end a Strain with a Sixth, nor make any Full Clofe with It, in
(Iiall
-,

Your General Rule for Uniting of F*arts, very Note of your Bafs, ( except what you

This,

That to

e-

The G&neral
Rule for Uniting ofParfs,
in

Compofi-

tion.

Concerning
the i5fk when It is to be ufed Generally.

^^_^_^

the

z%6

The Cml Tart

T

or,

the midft of any Strain , but ever in Tajjing-wife 5 yet I find, ant to Tdufe upon a Sixth, in the that it is many times very leaf Nature of a Falje Chjefbm all that while of the Taufe, you may

'"^

an Expectation of (bmething to follow, as an Appendix to the foregoing Matter 5 which when it comes in, is the more wellcom, by reafbn of that Seeming 'Defraud, or Long and (to my Content) it is one of the ^a^ j? Handfom j^bfence Cheats, (as I may (ofay) ox CozeningsmTerformances : That is, to Infinuate, or make you believe you (hall hear a fdl Clojej but with a Fall-off into a Six, or fbmetiraes fome other way, ( as I fhall (how you by Example, when I come more Tarticularly to Explanation ) you deceive Their ExpeUations, ( which is often very Taking, and EJandfom. ) There is One Ohjervation more, for the General nfe of the Sixth , viz. It is proper , and Vfual to put It to the ^d. Note above the Key, whether That Note be Elat or Sharp j yet with
obferve, there
is ftill
'>

Reference to your Intended j4yr.

If'tivF-rurfs nver theNctes of the Eafs.

^ ^^^^ AW/ce, That (if a thorow Ba:fs be Rightly Ordered ) you (hall find in ail )BLices of Exception, certain Figures fet over the Heads of the Bafs-Notes, viz- from g to 7 3 which are to inform you, That to fuch a Note there muft be fuch a
^''^^^

^"

^'^

chord or Chords put,

7,

as Thofe Figures Flint unto, viz. If the Figure then a Seventh ; if the Figure 6, then a t5/x?^ , If 7 6, then a Seventh, and a JVxf^ and fo of all the Re^. And fbmetimes TZi^/e Figures (hall have a F/4* or Sharp fet with them which )[how,that (uch Chords muft be likewife f/^^ oxSharp.
f,
-,

Thefe Obfcrvations being well Noted,

you may go forwards

to-

wards
V{\^\lfofz
sha^rpoverthe

)^our Jforl{.

NoteofaBafs.

tionofi -itVs, and J ith'sio be avoided.

Concerning
the cadence,

That a JV^^/c F/4* or Sharp fet above any Note of your Bafs, Without a Figure, fignifie, that fuch a Third is re(^ixcd. to That Note. The i7<?* 77z>^ is only One Note and a H^/^ as is betwixt A-re, and C-fa-ut, 'D-fol-re, and F-fa-ut. The ^y^^rp 7/&7W is always 2 FZ^ AW/, as is betwixt Gam-uf, and B-mi j C-fa-ut, and E-la-mij and F-fa-ut, and A- la- mi-re y and you may u(e which of Thofe you pleafe in your Compojition. But take Notice, That no H^/fATtf/e/ will agree together, Co that although I faid, you might u(e which of Thofe Thirds you pleas'd 5 you muft know, that you are ever to obferve the Natuand you ral Order of the Scale, both for Sharp and Flat Thirds muft never Clafh, fb as to put a Flat Third, and a Sharp Third together at the fame time, or of any other Chord, in their O&aves. You will do Well alfo to avoid the Confecution of Fifths and Eighths-^ which although they be very TrSe Chords, (and indeed ^^^ ^^^ Z/Zw/ oneshiox which caufe They are called the TerfeSt Chords ) yet we account it not compleat, to let 2 oi the fame Kind move together in any 2 Joyning Notes. The Reafon is. They are too Lujl3iom,ox Cloying,\ik.e too much of any SweetThing. Jhe next Thing (hall be to inform you concerning the Cadence ^j^j^ij jg always us'd at the Conclnfion of a Song, or Strain, and
-^"'^ further^
f,

often-

The

l^ute made Eafie.

-,

117
,^^

oftentimes in the Midji and ^own certainly by the Falling of the Bafi a Fifths or Rijing a Fourth 5 both which Signifie thejamc

Thing

They both

palling into the

fame Key^ or Letter of

the.

This Cadence,\s as it were the Summing up^ Sroeetning., or jhe meaning Compleating oi' the whole Story^ ox Matter foregoing'-^ ovTeriodoi of a Cadence, (bme Sentence Intended , and indeed is the very Choicefi^ and Mojl ^^ Satisfa&ory Delight in all Mufick^ C nothing fo Sweet dnd'Delightful, as a

Now

Sweet Cloje or Cadence.

that^^DU

may not be "Deficient at 2lE)<f, take AW/VeHere, to be ^Performed. In which 'Performance, are always a Mixture of Conchords, and Thifchords together , as you may perceive by That Example of r/^j, a Httle before (et you, where the /!^ih. is Bound In with the ^d. and 5/A. Thus. The 3<^. coming in after the /i^th. muft always be Sharps at a

And

how

It is

'*^

i
d
CL\

J
1

ri sa
1

a a a ri4r 3^
r
<^a

Ti\
1

r
r

ai

/la
1

You may likewife make Thff Clofe or Cadence, by Joyning to the Fourth and 3<r/, a 7f/>. 6, and 5 ^ or 6, and 5.
Thus
for

Example.
3K:

^^^Eiig
J

^
J
a.
\ 1

d
i

a
r
*'d

7^ er

4r
r
.

am _r3rj 4r 3^ r ri
11

rii
II

(LI
I

^-

r
,

.aw a
**a

r ja ?ar?a 4r3/P4ri 3/p4f^4r3/p 7<Li r r

1
1

ail

m
rii
rzii

cjl

^a

^a

<!*a

Remember always, when you ufea Sharp Third, if you then make ufe of the Sixth following, let it be Sharp j Co likewife a
Flat Third, and a Flat Sixth. Thefe jth's and Sth's, in a Binding way, as I do here (et Them arc only proper, when you have Notes of Gravity,zx\d Long Clofes,
viz. Sewibreves,

A General Rule for the Flat or 5 harp

SiKth.

or

Minims

-,

See

y/jf/e Tiptf lajl

Examples.

but (eldom upon Short Crochet-Clofes. The Former I have given you

5 your felf do (b by Thefe. Thus may you fee what a Cadence is. And after Z/S/V Manner may you perform It upon anv of the A>j',f. But left That Trick,

with a great deal of Variety

G'g.^

(bould

zz8

The Chil Tart-

or

fhould be too long in finding out, Tie give you Thefe Two UJi Fxaffiples upon another Key ; which when you (ee the manner of doing, all others will be the more Eajie.

J
The fame upon another
Key.

J
1

J
J

a
6

a
r'*'3
77) <

a a r
1

a
II

r^a
7<b

^a^ cs

a
r

(M
1 1

n
1

r r

rii ail
li

a ^a

11
li
II

This /^^ Line is the very fame in Chords and Jere, as is that other above, only 'tis in C-fa-ut-Key , That being in Gam-nt.
Chords^ as well in

you may perceive, It is an Eafte Thing to find out the one Key^ as in another, and Good Order of Tlay, Here follows the moft ufijal manner of taking the Sixths to any J>1ote, when Notes Jfcend or T)ej'cend, in This Gradual Manner^ ' as you fee the Bdfs doth. I will fet you Two Several J f ays of Breaking your 'Parts upon It;
So
that

for your Better Fx^eriencf-^tho. if/.is not (b

&'

^iP^SM^H^^
1

76

6.666^
air
1

much Broken^zstht
6

2d.

76

'd'^ri
r

'c)a*)r''e-r
r

'da

a
'

fl

m-a r \a
1

-<2_r>a_ oar
(b

'^

Z>
'

ail
rii rii rii aii

(b

r
6

i(?/
1

76

y6

43

a
r
t<

a\

al

a
r

g g/r
r

J'

a~i r
e.
I

"g

rir<P
^

rT r~~Ti
'a

|g

g
a-^a

A
?>

Second Variety upon the fame Notes.

a
r

a
'^
:

ar

?) a. '
'

r
\

^i^

r
'

g g
4/

'

amr a r

Tir
'^
\

a
r
(L

'^

<b

<^^a^a.

a
7i

7)

r ^
?)

SL
Qj
I

gr

<LX

a _g
J>-

g g|g
I

J
7)

_g_ _g

r_i_:__i:_'s_n_g

L
11
\i

"

'

g
(Lir

The Lute made

a
rT)

Eafte.

119
J^

a
JlO

?)

_al__
I

JAA3 r
e^r

."Q.^-Ci

a
J*

a
(L-

r
:

a
J^

ir

-^a
(J

a
r

a
7)
1

r ?

'?>

di r 7tr -IT)
J J
1 1

r
7)

11

II

'S^

a
^a.

aa

11

II

II

a ^a

way of ufing the Sixth, when your This Manner, as is fet you in This next Example. But in all {uch, or other Various Cafes, as (hall happen, your ChiefDirel^or mu[i be your jF^r 5 for -without a7)iligent I^egard to the Tarts, That way, your i?/ej Will often deceive you. 6 6 6 6 6 6 76 45
There
is

Iikewife another

JSlotes fall after

^
J

:=:=^
-d^

Another ufiul way of ufing

the Sixth.
.

J.J

_J^r
d

(b

_(X
.'01
.

A
r

r r
e/

r
'7\

1 1 1

di r a ir
1 1

a a

g
d
<L

3 r
r

r
7)

a a

11

Tl"r?-7rc^ii

r
sa

;
1

r r
i

aa
11

ni

la

sa

^N

tei-y great ftead

-however, Thefe Rules which I have Thuf Set, will ftand you in nor can you be without the Knowledge of Them, 5 to be ftead y in your Te^'formances^ I think I need not lay much more to This Bnjinefs, but leave you to Experience and 'Pra&ice : And Truly I am Confident, by Thefe Short T)ireCiions, you may be enabled to Tlay a. Tart, with Credit, and Jpplaufe enough, upon a Theorboe. I might Trouble you with (evcral other Obfirvations biit They are all Couch*d in T/ie/e which I have already (et down Only one TMngl think Neceffary to let you know, That whenfbever you meet with any Tajiages in your Bafs, of a Nimble and Qftic^ Motion, ( as often you will do ) viz. Quavers in a Continuation for Ibme Scniihrevcs together 5 know, That you need not ftrive to put Tarts to every Quaver , only let it (ufEce, that ( taking Notice of the order of Them ) you put a Full Stop, or Tart only,of a Full Stop, to the iji. Quaver of every Fo%ir,ox fbraetimes,of every Two, 2iSyour Judgment ihall 'DireSi yott, and pals away with and if you find it convenient, you Striking the Reli Single may here and there Eajily Clap along with them, ^d's, $th's, or 6th's, as the e/c^w* requires 5 which will be <5]^e^, SLndvery Comphat.
--,

-,

Yer

Z50

The

Qiyil

Vart

or.

Yet Note One Thing more. That (when we Talk^of :^d% ph\ and 8th's ) we are not Trecifely Tyed to give juft Thofe the very
Notes to our Bafs j but ftill according to our BeSl Convenkney^ Upon the Jnfirument j (bmetimes loth's, i iths, or 1 5^AV ; as yoii

done in (bme of Thofe Examples I Set which are as the fame Thing in Compfition : For {bmetimes you 5 you will be z/er;' much fut to It, to find your Tarts Conveniently cfpecially when the Bafs moves in the Lower Sphearj nor will your Tarts be fo Tleafant to It^ li tak^n Nearj hm far Better A-j

may

perceive, I have

hovCy in Their Fights.

The

End of the

TDireUions for the Theorboe.

The

231

liii'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiil
The Third Tani

CONCERNING

The
MUS

VIOL AND
I

CK

in General.

Giving fome Particular DireSiions towards a Righter Vfc of That Inflrument^ than is Commonly Known and Praciiced.

Chap.
I

li

faid (b much ^y Former 'Dijcotirje, concerning the Lute j as al(b taken Co much Tains in Laying Open Jill the Bidden Secrets Thereof, (as to Its Rightejl Vfe^) &c. It may be thought, I am fb great a Lover of It, that I make Light Efleem of any other Injirument, befides 3 which Truly I do not , but Love the Viol in a very High ^Degree ; yea clofe unto the Lute : And have done much more, and made very many more GWand AbleTroficients upon Jjf, than ever I have done upon the Lute. And this I (hall prefume to fay, That if I Excel in Either, it is moft certainly upon theViol. And as to other InJiruments, I can as truly fay, I Value every One that is in Ufe, according to Its due Tlace , as Knowing, and often Saying, That j4l/ Gods Creatures are Good j And alllngenuities

A VING

done by

Man,

are Signs, Tokens,

and TeSiimoniss of the Wif

dojn of

God Bejlowed upon Man. Yet ThisOneThing I (hall not forbear to fay, (in Regard of the Great hiconfideratenefs, w}:ich Generally Bears Sway among Men ) That Ttrvould be very iveI/^(not only in Muficl^, but Every Thing

c//I',which

Reafinablenefe^and Examination always attending upon OiirA^ions^by which They Might

is

OnrHumane Concern') tf there were- a

3

he

Govern d and Guided

And not like Ignorants,

take Things upon

Truji,

"^^^T*" T'T"-^

Z}Z

Concerning the Vtol^ and

Trujl^ as Generally too

Many

Concerning

Modes and
Fafhiom,

Belief ofjuch Things upon too all, and Violently Turfue, Magnifie, and Cry up Things, fo dr [oy meerly becaufe it is the Mode or Fajhion, as They fay. as to Modes and Faflnons, I willingly grant a 'Due Obfef^ Vance unto, in fuch Things, as are Reafonahly roper for Modes

do , and confirm Thenifehes tpith Slight, or rather no Examination

a.

Now

and

Faflmns'-i efpecially where,

gruous to Right Reafon , more Convenient Fajlnon,

when They are not Inconor that we do not forfake a Better, or for a jForJe, or more inconvenient 5 aS
or

in the Modes and Faflnons of /jppa.rel, or the like Slight 2ivA TrivialThings ^'w^ch are only (or Ihould be) the Troper Pufmefs (if it ought.fo be a Bufmefs at all) of

might F.afdy be ''njiancd

Modes and
Arts and 5'cienccs, not
fiibjeft to

Faflnons.

Modes and
Faftiions.

An

Abufe put

uponWonien,
bytheRoguilh
Taylors.

But I cannot underftand, how Jrts and ^i^^nces Ihould be fubjedunto any Cuch'FhantaJiical, Giddy, or 'v^'jnQderate Toyiffi Conceits, as ever to be faid to be in Faflnon, or out of i fiflnon. I remember there was a Faflnon, not many Years- fince, for Women in their Jpparel to be fb Tent up by tl 'truitnefs, and Stijfnefi of their Gown-Shoulder-Sleeves, that 7 Ley could not fb much as Scratch Their Heads, for the Necefary Remove of a Biting Loufe'-i nor Elevate their Arms fcarcely to feed themfelves Flaitclfomly \ nor Carve a T^ifl) of Meat at a Table, but their whole Body muft needs Bend towards the ^Difl). This mull: needs be concluded by Reafon, a mofl: Vnreafonable, znd Inconvenient Faflnon j andThey asZJnreafinab/y Inconjiderate, who Would be Co Abused, and Bound up. I Confels It was a very Good Fafnon, for (bme fuch Viragoes^ who were us'd to Scratch their Husbands Faces or Eyes, and to pull them doivn by the Coxcombes. And I am (ubjeft to think. It was a meer Rogery, in the Combination, or Club-conncil of the Taylors, to Abufe the Women inThat Faflnon, in Revenge of Ibme of the Curjl Thames their Wives, who were too Lofty, and Man-keen. For Thofe Taylors can make the Fajlnonifts Believe, and Wear whatever Fajlnon they inform them unto : But whatever the Origi' nal of It was, I am fure It could never be accounted a GobdHmfervives Fajhion'j However, It was then the Fafjion, and Teople of Fajlnon would have It Co, though with never fo many.
Inconveniences.

Now in (uch Things as Thefe,

could

conJtderatenefs,which. Teople conftantly

(et forth a vafl: deal of Inrun into;yet They are no-

thing Confiderable, in Comparilbn to fuch Inconveniences, as commonly attend(pretended)iW<?^/ej and Faflnons in Arts and Sciences: The very Flaming of which, was always fb Nautious unto me, that I confefs It was ever attended with a Secret ZJndervaluing of the Judgment of That Terfon , who would tell me, This fort, or That fort of Mufick^, or Injirument, ivas in Fafnon ; and I ftill am of
let It Run Freely, and No Good Fa- that mind, nor will I Stop my Ten, but fhion to take a Tublifl) Boldly, That It can be noGoodFafhion in Mnjtck^, to bring Nevv, and up any Way, Thing, or Inflrument, and Cry It up for the Mode, and leave an Old Such much Better, leave a Better, and Cry It'Down.

MuficJ^in (jeneraL

133

Such Things as Thefe, are too frequent at This Day, aslfliall make appear 3 and becaufe I have begun to (peak, of the Sprightly\ Generons^ and l-^erdickViol'-, which iMjirument 1 Love, sindl:'7ghIj Value 5 and indeed, is an J)7Jimment of tuch Excellent^ and Jdmirabk Vfe, (v/ere It not too much Abns'd) but Rightly Vs'd) that It defcrvedly takes the Next lace tothe Incomparable JLiite-^ and Therefore, for ftsfake^yi^nd the Lovers thereof^l (hall take a little more than Ordinary Tains to I/IuHrate, and give That Brave Jnfirument Its T}ne : But firft I will Injiance from It) How How Mufick ;s Mnjick^is Injur d^ and vtxy Eff/inently loo 2isThus^ Injur'd. ' For, what is more Rea>fonable, than if an Jrtiji upon the Com* pofttion of a Tiece of Mtifick^ ( fuppofe ) of 3, 4, 5, 6, or more * 'Tarts, (but hold there 5 the Moads has cut off moft of the 5 ^Greater Nuf^bers : Well Tie (ay 5 or 4, ( yet moft commonly 2

',

^-Tarts) ftippofe whsit Number you will 5 ) *! fay is it xxotReafifiaReafonable^That allThofeTarts pouldbc Equally * Heard i^ fnre It cannot Reafonably be Deny d. ' Then, what Injury muft it needs be,tohavey^/<r^ T/jingsPhyed By Unfulrabfe, ' upon Inhritments^ Vnequally Suited, or Vnevenly Numbred ?' viz. '' ^^"^^"^1 ' One SmaUlVeak:Soundig-BaJs-Bjol,znd i ox ^Violins where- and Numbers. * as one ( in Reafon ) would think, that One Violin would bear * up Snfflciently againft 2 or Common-SoHnding-Bafes efpecial3 ^
* ble^yea. Necefiarily
--y

*
'^

ly fucn as
forts.
'

you

(hall

GeneraBy meet with, in their Ordinary Con-

This \S2iVexyCommonTiece oflnconJiderateTraUice^ia.tThk'Day.

But It has been Objefted, There has been an Barpjicon, or ' 2:n Organ with It 3 what then? Has not th& Barpjtcon, or Organ^ * Bajfes and Trebles Equally mixt and muft not ftill theVnequaU ' mfs be the fame ? or (uppofe a Theorboe-Lute--, the T)ifproportion js The Scouldin^ Violins will out-Top Them All. fiill the fame. ' Nay, I have as yet but aippos'd a Small matter ofVnequal*mfs, in refpettof what I have heard, and is ftill very Magnani' ntoufly Endeavoured to be Tyaily Performed, viz. Six Violins^ * nay Ten 3 nay Twenty or more, at a Sumptuous Meeting, and * (carce Halffo many Bajjes 5 which ( as I (aid before) were more * Reafonable, fure, to be the Greater Number.
*
.<?
''

Now I (^y.
and
I I

pofcr,
' '

If This be not an Injury both to Muficl^^, the the Compo^tions, let any 'Judicious Terfon 'judge.

Com-

What is the
But But

Mufick^of Tarts Compas^dfor, if not to be Heard ^ cry you Mercy, I had almoft forgot ; It is the Fafjion.

'
'

remember what
to

faid before, viz.

That

It is no

Good
is far

FaJliJon

bring up a Nerv,

and
it

cry

down an OH, which

Better.

Now
{ for

will (uppofe

hear

as'kd me, V^hzt'isA far Better ^

why here Tie tell you. And for your Information,

Toung and Vnsk^lful I ask me fuch a Ouejlion )
:>

( Toung Gentleman, or Toung mult needs fuppofe you to be,

Lady

who

And

'tis

much Tity of your

,

Skjll

) Know, That

in

my

Tounger Time

we

Excellently Choice.,

and moft Eminently Rare ; " "

pVant of had Mufick^ moft W^^t Mufek both for Its Ex- fW^"^^!"
cellency

2}4

Concerning the VioU and

celkncy in CoKipofition^ Rare fancy^ atid Sprightly Jyre > as alfo for Its Troper, and Fit Terformances y even fuch, as ( if your Toung Tender Ears^ and Fantacies^ were but truly Tin&urd therewith, ( and efpecially if it poffibly could but be cry'dup for the,

Mode^ or iVew FaJInon ) you would Embrace, for fome 'Divine

Thing,

be quite Forgot, for want of Sober Times I Remembrancer, 3indWelI-a>iI/et'toToJierity^ and an Honourer of the Memory of Thoje moU Emenent^ Worthy Mafiers, and Authors, who Ibme of Them being now T)eceafedy yet fbme Living) th^ Manner of fuch Mnfickji^% I make mention

And

left It ftiould

-,

will (et

down

(^zs

a.

of,

The manner,

and Effeftsof * our Mufickin ' the late forT^mes, to ' mer ( as it be Imitated
'

our Grave Mnfich^, Fancies of 5, 4, 5, and 6 the Org4-,Interpos'd(now and then)with fome Tavins, Tartf to Allmaines^ Solemn, and Sweet 'Delightful Ayres 5 all which were
'

We

as alio the^<?ifre

tf//if.

had

for

were )

fb
,

many Tathettical Stories,

Subtil,

Rhetorical,

and Sub-

as the Beft in

the World,

'
''

UmeDifcourfes a?id Agreeing to

the Scul

the
'>

and Accute Argnmentationsi, Inrvard, Secret, and Intelle&ual

that to fet

Jo Suitable, Faculties of

and Mind

Them

forth according to their

True fraije, there are no

M ords

Sufficient in

*
'

I can belt (peak of Them, been to my felf, ( and many

fliall

Language 5 yet what be only to (ay, That They have

others

as T>ivine Raptures, 'Potver("

*
"
'

ful/y Captivating all our unruly Faculties, and AffeUions,

for the

and a Good TemTime ) and dijpofpng ter-, making 14S capable of Heavenly, and Divine Influences. ' 'Tis Great Tity Few Believe Thus Much 3 but Far Greater, that
to Solidity,

(gravity,

(b Fen>

Know It.

The Names of many of our

Ecfl:

Authors Deceafcd.

Authors of (uch like Compofitions, have been divers Famous Englifl) Men, and Italians--, ibme of which, for Their very articular Faculty, I will Great Eminency, and Worth, in that here nam,c, '&i;5. Mr. Alfonjo Fcrabofco, Mr. %hnWard, Mr. Lupo, Mr. White, Mr. Richard Deering, Mr. WiUiam Larves, Mr. 'John and one MonteJenkins, Mr. Chrijloper Simpfon, Mr. Coperanio, belides divers, and very many verde, a Famous Italian Author

The

-,

Their Late Time, were AU Substantial, Able, others, and Profound Compofing MaSiers in This Art, and have leftT^ezV lforl{s behind Them, as fit Monuments, and 'Patterns for Sober, and Wife Tofterity, worthy to be Imitated, and Tra&iced : 'Tis Great Folly they are (b (bon Forgot, and NegleHed, as I perceive

who

in

What

they are amonglt many. InfiruAnd Thefe Things were Performed, upon fo many Equal, and nients were and fo ExaSlly Strung , Tun'd , and Playd Trnly-ScizJd Viols us'd, and how in the Beft upon, as no one Part was any Impediment to the Cther , but
,

Old Mufick.

(till

(^zs

plified,

the CompopionXQ(\nvcQ(i') by Intervals, eachP art Amand Heightfied the Other 5 The Organ Evenly, Softly, and

Sweetly Acchording to AU. Whereas now the Fajhion has Crd Thefe Things 'Down, and (et up others in their Room--, which I confefs make a Greater is the Better Faffjion, I leave to be but which of the F^oife
-)

Two

Judgd

by the Judicious.

AIuJic\m
had commonly,

(jeneraL

z^^

We

beyond

all

after

^ch

a Cujiom at Our Meetings, that Injirumefital Mnficl^was over, we did CoftThis

elude yiUy with

fbmc Vocal Mujick) (to the OrgaftyOr

.

(for

want of which

That ) to the Theorhoe.

The

Beji which

we did ever Efieem, were

Thofe Things

were molt Solemn, andT)ivie, fome of which I will (for their Eminency _) Name, vt%. Mr. i)eerin^s Gloria. Tatri, and other o^ His Latin Songs j (now lately CoUeUed, andTrinted, by Mr. Tlayford, ( a very Laudable, and Thank:VPorthji Work.) befides many other of the like Nature, Latin and EnghJId, by moft of the above-named Authors, and Others, Wonderfully Rare, Sublime, and 'Divine, beyond all Expreflion. But when we would be moft Ayrey, Jocond, Lively, and Sprucej Then we had Choice, and Singular Conforts, either for 2, 3, or 4 Tarts, but. not to the Organ ( as many ( now a days ) Improperly^ and Vnadvifedly (* perform fuch like Conforts with") but to the Viarpficon 5 yet more Troperly, and much better to the Tedal, ' , T r t t ^ J T L (an Injtrument 01 a. Late Invention, contriv d (as I have been inform d) by one Mr. John Hayward of London, a mo^ Excellent Kind of Injirument for a Confort, and far beyond all harpjicons
7j""^

^^^ q^^^^
not a proper

inft"ent
for Conforts,

-^

or Organs, that

or Single Vfe'-, ) formances before mentioned.

yet ever heard of, ( I mean either for Confort, But the Organ far beyond It, for Tkofe other Ter-

Concerning This Inftruntent, ( call'd the Tedal ( becaufe It is contriv d to give Varieties with the Foot ) I ftiall beftow a few Lines in making mention of, in regard It is not very commonly ufed, or known ; becaufe Few make of Them Well, and Femer will go to the Trice of Them: Twenty Tounds being the Ordinary Trice of One j but the Great Tatron of Mufick. in His Time, Sir Robert BoUes, ( who, in the Vniverftty, I had the Happinefs to Initiate, in This High Art) had Ttt>o of Them, the one I remember at 30 /. and the other at 50 /. very Admirable Infiruments. This Inurnment is in Shape and Bulk, juft like a Harpficon s only The Defcripdiffers in the Order of It, Thus, viz.. There is made right un- tionof the It derneath the Keys, near the Ground, a kind of Cubbord, or Box, I'q oV cot. which opens with a little Tair oi Doors, in which ^<?jcthe Ter- fort inftruformer
a
fets both his Feet,

<

refting

them upon

his Fleels, (his Toes ^""'

little turning up ) touching nothing, till fuch time he has a Tleafnre to employ them 5 which is after this manner , viz.. There being right underneath his ToesOf little Tummels ofWood^ under e^vh loot 1, any one of Thofe 4 he may Tread upon at his Tleafnre , which by the Weight of his Foot drives a Spring, andfb

Caufeth the whole Jnjirument to Sound, either Sofi or Loud, according as he jl)ui7 chafe to Tread any of them down^ (for without the i^f>^

ibusd]}^othing Speak/ ) The oiit-ftde of the Right Foot drives One, and the In-fide of the iame foot drives another ^ fo that by treading his Foot a litde awry, either outward or inward , he caufeth a Various Stop to be heard, at his Tleafure 5 and if he clap down his Foot Flat,

then he takes Them and Louder. )

both.,

at the

fame time, (which is a H h 2

3^/.

Variety,

Then

Z3<5
.

Qoncernin^ the Viol^ and

Then
and by the
ly give

has he ready, under his Left Foot, 2 other Various Stop like Order and Motion of the Foot, he can immediate-

you 3 other Varieties^ either Softer or Louder, as with the Right Foot before mentioned, he did. So that thus you may perceive he has feveral Various Stops at Pleafure , and all Quicks and Nimble^ by the Ready Turn of the
Foot.
This Jnjlrument made Wonderfully Rare^ and Excellent : So that doubtleft It Excels all Harp^ cons, or Organs in the World, for j4dmirable Sveeetnefs and HnThis Tritty T)evice,
is

And by

ntour,
I

either for a 'Private, or a Confort ufe.

caus'd one of Them to be made in my l^oufe, that has 9 feveOther Varieties, (24 ina!l) byreafon o^ zStop (^to he Slifd So^TnXe^'^'^ ^ in with the /-.Wi^ J which my JForl^: man calls the Theorboe-Stop ^ Periai'" Thus 14 va- and indeed It is not much unlike It ^ But what It wants of a Zutey riet.cs at kaft. j^ ^^^^ -^^ j^^ ^^^^ Singular Trittinefs. had in thofe days Choice Lonforts, fitted on purpofeto fuit with the Nature of This JnUrnment, The Truth is, The Great Grace rohich M'ufch^ receives by the Right Ordering of This Inlirument, to Compositions and Tcrforral

We

Concerning
with viols,
'

and their
Kareufc.

mances fuit able thereunto, is fuch, that Jt far -Exceeds any Expref (ions that can be made of It. We always Added to This Confort, the Theorboe Lute'-, which likewile covXdi Izumour the Confort, Properly, and Evenly, with the Tedal. Very little o^This fo Eminent Mufick^do we hear of in Thefe Times, ( the L efs the Greater Vity ) Then again, we had all Thofe Choice Confarts, to Ecfually-Sci^d Inflruments, ( Rare Chejls of Viols ) and as Equally 'Perform' d : For We would never allow ^ny Performer to Over-top^ or Out-cry .another by Loud Tlay-, but our Great Care was, to have ^// by which means ( though fometimes ;the Tarts Equally h'eard we had but indifferent, or mean Hands to Perform with ; yet This
,

Idol in

The Great Muup.

YMrsJf

Cautionmadethe Alujick^ Lovely, and very ContentiveBut now the Modes and Fajlnons have cry'd Thefe Things down, anj fet up a Great Idol in their Room; ob(erve with what a Wovderfid Srviftnefs They now run over their Rrave Kew Ayres , and' with -^haihigh-Priald Noife, znz. 10, or 20 Violins, &c. it may be of 2 as I -Paid before, to a Some-Single- Soul'd Jyre Parts, or fome Coranto, Serabrand, or Brawle, (as the Nevpot^ FaJhion'd-JFord is ) and fuch like Stuff:, feldom any other 5 which is rather fit to make a Mans Ears Glovp, and fill \\\s Brains full of fFrisks, &c.- than to Seafon, and Sober hk Mind^ or Elevate hk
-,

feUion to Goodnefs. ]<lowlCay,LetThefeNew-FaJInondMufcl{s,and Terformances,he J'^Ccmpa-^; compat'd with Thofe OldOnes,wh\ch I Have before made mention throid a^^nT of; and then let It be Judg'd, whether they have not left zRetNew Mi'.fici, fgy Faflnon, for a JForfe. But who (hall be the Judges If Them.<?

tob. Judged.

Relives,
;;

then ^///i?.;gy&^
^;^ r-'
'".',

Now

Adiifick^ in (general.

237

Now
fich^ the

apprehend I hear fbme fay,! like This New-fajlnond MuBeji 5 lb does a Child a. Rattle^ or an Oaten Tipe^ &c.
I

which
' '

rauft needs be,

is

becaufe they never Heard any Better.

and main Injury occafioned

* ' *

another Great Injury^ very Ternitiotis to the Sttbfiantial Support of This Art--^ which is^ that oftentimes Creqf Ferfons^ (Lords or Ladies )not haviftg S/^ii/^yetjjpendTheir Judgments

There

the

High Commendation of Things^ which come

before

mending This, or Tjijliking That ) 'TheyTofefs.^c.

*

accordittg to

Them^ (C omthat Humour which

utno the Arc, by feme Great Perfons, being

uiiskilful in It.

Now look^whatfoever Jfft^g^efit

Theygiv.e,

the fame prejently is

^fwal/ow'd down by the Multitude, looted upon, and Strongly Cry'd up for Orthodox, (viz. the Mode or Fajljionj ) and prefently fpreads
'

and Fame (the Great'Dame of lies, as well m of Truths^ 5 and what is Stronger than the Great Multitude ' This J fay, is a caufe of much Error, and Jfrong done to Cur Art 5 'for by this means'-^ many a Confident ToungVp-jiart (through the ' ZJnsl^ljulnefsy ofjuch, or fuch a Great Terfon ; who is taken, with
abroad'-,
'

Toots it all over

.<?

'
^

.tioned Toungjler

'

'
'

from That fore-menGreat Ferfon ( (cemi&gto Admire Him, in This, or That Thing, Toy, or Gingle ) fets him up, as it were upon a Finaclej and whether Tt be Right or Wrong, prefently comes others, ( of the fame form of Greatnefs, and

This, or That Fritty Gingle or Toy, proceeding

becomes Famous

-,

for the

'
*
' * * * * *

former ; fo that This Toung Man is AIl-to-be-'T)ignified,and Noted for a U'onder amongfi othersThen , whatfoever he Ferforms , becomes ^mitable , and Faflnonable ( feveral fuch have I obfervd in my Time J whereas let him be brought to the True Tonch-flone, or Right Examination^
ZJnskilfulnefs
td the
-,

) and Jdyns Applaufe

by Judicious Ferfons, he will be found a very

which he Frofe^eth
ther
-,

only he
or

Farticular Singularity,
Tt

J'f eaklin, in the Art may ( as many of them ) have a

Twang, upon fome one Injlrument,

or 0-

may

be the Violin, or the flagilet, or the Guittar,

the

a Pit of

the
'

Old lute )

Jews Trv^ip, &c.

This Erave Toung Man fence. Looks Big, and Magnifies Fiimjelf-j and ( though Jgitorant * in the M^in ) thinkj himfelf really to be The Thing, which he is ' Cry d up and prefently falls to give for-) though nothing Nothing fo

Now

fome fuch Slight Eujlnefs. affiimes to himfelf a Great Freor

:,

^ Lavps, and Rules, in the Arf-, making ^determinations in his Judg* ment of This, or That iFork^, ofFrofound Learned.Able MaS^iers, * rehich he himfelf underftands little or nothing of But his Name
'

being Thus got Hp, he

may (oi the old faying

is) Lie in BedA,and his

Workjl^all go forvpardsi
:

with much ConfidepcCf he daily (preads his Humours, and T!ie Common Occijfion of ^Conceits, whifihmufi (forfooth ) Uill be Highly Frizd, though Modes, and ' never By which meittis, and the tike, there becomes a Ge- f millions in fo SillyMuficl?, *'neral Over-fpreading of Err^fs, and Ignorance:, and a Crying* down, and Negle&ing the Beti Things in True Art and Jforth , and * Crying up the Gingles, &c.

^Then

'

have Seen,zvL^ Noted,^]] along my Time,in This Our Art ofMufick^j and sherefor^ thought fit Thus much to declare of It, as a Main Injury vdone unto the ArtThis
I

But

ij8
But
I fhall

Concerning the VioU and

cut off This 'Difcourfe, and Here give you fome certzxn T)ire&iotis^ ioi Trocnring^ and Maintaining the Befi MhJc^ Imaginable.

Concerning
a Proper and Fit Mufick

The iji Thing to be confider'd, as to the Advantage of Good Mupk,^ (hould be a Convenient, and Fit TUce to Perforin Itin^
fiich I

Room;

the

i/?.

would
iji.

call

a M^tck^Room'-, and

is

confiderable in a

^ Fold

Tiling confiderable.

JRefpe^,

in

Rejpeuoi the
/^th.

Infimmetits^ 2d. the Mufick.^ ^d.

the j^^ors, and

4 Chief Inconveniences, for want of It.

the Auditors.

j be they never (b Good^ will not {how an Improper, Stuffed, or Cloggd-up Room, either With Houfekold-iluff, or Company.

\ji.

The

InJirHments
in

half (o
id.

good

The Muftck^vexy The The

dftetltinies is

much hindred, by Crorvding,

and hindred,

and Noije^dlji.

Tei-formers as often, are Co interrupted

that they cannot

4thlj/.

A& as They might.

A Worthy Benctaftor to the

liniverfity

\ufhedfoi.

Auditors cannot receive fuch Ample SatisfaBion, as other wife they might do ; befides their uneafie, and unhand(bm Accommodation, which too often happens to Terfins of Quality, being fbmetimes Crovpded up, Sffvoeez'd, and Srveatedamong people of an Inferiour Rank^, &c. and cannot be avoided. Theie Things, I (ay, (hould be confider'd, Again ; 'tis ob(ervabIe, That all Terfins who pur(ue Mnftck,^ do endeavour to procure the Bejh Instruments that can be gotten. Now let the Infiruments be what they will, a Good Room will make Them (eem Better, and a ^</^ Room, Worje, as I faid before: Therefore It is of a Gre^* Concern, to have a Room, which may at leaft, Advantage your Infiruments, if no other Conveniency were gain'd thereby. Now as to the Right Contrivance oC a Mufick. Room, there are (everal Confiderations depending, as I (hall make appear in the Defcription and Explanation of one Hereafter following, which I wi(h might be ( by fome Good, and Worthy BenefaBor to Our Vniverfity ) Befioxved, and EreCfed There, for a Tublick^ Benefit, and Promotion of the v^r/, and Incouragement of the 7re Lovers of 7f 5 there being likeWi(e a Great Need of (uch a Thing, in Reference to the Compleating, and Illufirating of the VniverfitySchoolf-, (uch a School, or Room, being greatly wanting with Them There. And in hopes, that (at one time, or other) there may ari(c
Honourable, and 7r/y Noble-Spirited Verfion, or Terfins, who may conlider the Gre<i^ G<7<7<^ LJ/e, and Benefit of fuch a ATefe^rj' Convenience , and al(b may find in his Heart to become a Benefa&or, to (uch an Eminent Good Werkj) I will here give a 2)(brae

fiription

ny Great Conveniences,

oi a Mofi Excellent Mufick^Room, together with Its maas Here in This Next Tage you may (ee.

CMAP.

(^e 0c/criptiL)ri
Of a
JUiiftck-ltootnc. ^nifarnU'With Carmtnieiicyfcr Several! SctL^ of
uiucitiorv, Sevt: rally

fiUl.iy,^

plara

in

12^
-

JDi/tirici-Rcvmej', hejidej in/lllu

ML'k-IlL'C'rjic tv:

ivould hauenoiu

in
^. Shiy'rc-r

It

hefidcj ih^' Performers 17'

Soufh.
rUo,

3.

Sfay res'

% ^ ^

^
.^

]}ore

QaUerif for

Gallery for
Atiaiiorj'

A-uaiiors

^^Z
~S

Ciallert/

for

A LfalleTy tor
Jiudiiors

Auditors

ALj ailerij for

Audiiors

Ay alien/ for
Auaiiors

~y

e^-i
V>

yY
1.

vc =:

Stayres-

JX,.

Siayres

Nortii.
C)

uvj? ajlrca

the Rcrome io he Stx^yectrcls Sqiiare

he y-i/ea ras long, ana

The IX Gallery es won Id

Setter;TJie

broader

ITlidale Gallerqes Somfh'nn then the RelLas Here theij nor ^

7^40

Concerning the Viol^ and

CHA
A further Explanation-,

P.

II.

and

THe Roor^
SLVid.

It (elf

to be Af'ch'd'-i as alfo tht/^ Middle Galleries^

the Weaning of This Mu.

lick

Room.

not All Twelve ; aqd JBuilt one Story from the Ground^ both for Advantage oi^ Sound:, ^nd alfb to avoid the Mojjiure of the Earthy which is yery bad, hothiox Infiruments^
( at leaft )
if

Strings.

Step Higher, than the G^Z/er/e/, in the the better to conveigh^the Sound to ihe Auditors' Floor The Height of the Room not too High, for the Came Reafon. In the Building of This Room , there may be Refped had to
,

The Room would he One

the Lower Rooms^ior Advantage oi7)TPeJling, &c. And no doubt, .h-atvi^onthe Contrivance of fuch a I^oom, many Tritty Advantages may be thought upon ; which in This Sudden Glance^ I can-i..
;

'\ not reach unto. Yet take but This One Caution, in ^oxxrCdntrivance.ij and then Jda, or Alter what you will, viz,- That Nothing be Added to, or Altered from which may be any Hindrance to the Free, and Glib laces intended but rather Ad^afage of the Sound, to All
;

',

vantaged
The
Room.
Scirua-

tioH of the

to be Built in a Clear, and very TDelightful'Dry the Over-Hanging oC Trees ^lace, both free Cxom 14 ater and

The Room

'}

-^

Common
ifl.

Noifes.

The Wainfcotingcjf the

Room.

Let the Arched Seiling be Tlain, and very Sffiooth. '2dly. Let the Lower Walls be all Wainfcdtted, Hollow frbm the Wall, and without any ^mdo^ Carvd, Bofs'd, or RuggedWork^j Co that the Sound may Kun G lib,. .&t^d:^jqotha\\ about, without
the leaft Interruption. ^dly. Let there be {eVeral Conveyances out of the Room, through that Wainfcot, by Groves, or Tipes, to certain Auditors Seats, where (as they fit) they may, at a fmallTajfage, ox little Hole, receive that Tent-up- Sound, which ( let It be never Co weak in
'

the Mufick^Room ) he fliall (though at the furtheft end of the Gallery) Hear CoT)iJlinCtly, as any who are clofe by It.

Confclersble Bfafons,\\hy

were to be Built at a Tublick, Charge j and for a Tublic^ Beneft, and Tromotion oC the Art':, this Little Model tmght he Amplified, and Enlarged, feveral ways, upon more Deliberate Confideration. The Reafons for fiich a' Mufick, Room, are Divers, and very
If fuch a

Room as

Thisy

aMuiirkRcom
fliould

Confiderable
niences

as Firfi.

con'rved.

Clear, and Free from Company, all Jnconveof Talking, Crowding, Sweating, and Blujiering, Sic. are Ap(i the many Ccnvenienccs taken away. Thereby. 2d. The Sound haslts Free, and Vn-interrupted'Ta^age, Sic ^d. The Terformers are no ways Hindred, &c.
be fo

The Room being Thm

in Tune, ( for no Lutes, Viols, Tedals, Harpjicons, Sec. will ftand in 7e at fuch a
/^th.

The Injiruments will ftand more fteadily

Voices Therafelves;} For I have

T/me-)

No, nor

known an

Excellent
Voice,

Adufick^in general.
prepared for a Solemn Terforma-nce^ who'Jias been 7ent up in fuch a Crowds that ( when he had been to ^Perform his Tart) could hardly (peak 5 and by rio other T^^/e, biit the z'er;' '^ifiemper, rece'wed by That Crorvd^ and Over-Heat. Stfjly, The M^/Jc^^ will be ^^w^/ to all alike. Many other Inconveniences might be taken oflF^ vi%,. ParticularPerlbns being 111 at Eafe^ or ZJnhandfomly Accommodated, and Mixt^ &c. All which are not only Clearly Remedied, by fuch a Room as This, but your Muficlihr: more JUtiJlr^ited, by the Injiruments ftiewing Themfclvesy and the Auditors infinitely more QVoice^ well
''

241

The Convc,
niences of Ic

tisfied.

Note, That the In- lets into Thoje Groves, or Tipes abovefaid, Ihduld be pritty Large, ijiz. a Foot Square at leaft, yet the Larger, the Better, without all doubt; and to begin in the Wainfcot, within the Mufick^Room 5 and (b the Conveyances to Run Troportionahly JSIarroveer, till They come to the Ear of the Auditor-^ which Hole at the End, need not to be above the Widenefs of ones Finger End. It cannot be eafily Imagind^ what a Wonderful Advantage fuch a Contrivance muft needs be, for the Exa^, and T)iliinU Hearing of Miijickh without doubt far beyond all that ever has yet been ufed. For there is no Infirumettt of Touch, be It never fb Sweet 5 and Touctd with the mofi Curious FJand that can be 5 but A Good Note. in the very Touch, if you be near unto Tt, you may perceive that Touch to be heard ; efpecially of Viols, and Violins j but if you be at a 'DiUance, that Harfinefs isLoit, iind Conveyed'mto ihQ Ayre, and yoii receive nothing but the 2^a^e Sroeetnefs of the Infirument ; (o as I may properly fay, you loole the Body^ but enjoy the J^/i?/, or i5jp/r;^ thereof Thoje 4 'Double Doors into the 4 Middle Galleries, would be (b The Doors. made, that they might (hut atTleafure-^ fothat the. MuJick.Room^ might be private at any time, for any other Occajion. The meaning of Thefe Narrovp Galleries is, In that Experience The meaning tells, Any Sound, fovc'dinto a Narroiv Tlace, is Heard much more of then Gal'"'^' Strongly, ih^^n Sounds Dilated, and Spread abroad. Thofe 12 Galleries, though but little, will ( I believe) hold 200 'Perfons very well, without Crowdirig 5 which Thing alone, having fuch convenient DiUinU Reception, for Terfins of Different Qualities, muft needs be accounted a Great Conveniency ; be,

fides

all

The 4 Pair

Thofe others before Specified. of Stairs, ( if for aPublickufe fuch a H?;/)^

were

4 Pairof Stairs

Built) will heNecefary, that yer/^^j- may come, and go^ without difturbing the Refio the Company.

But
I

if for

a Private

iife,

one Pair of Stairs

though much betmight be

ter with Tveo Pair.

have here

faid but a little

of a great
Worh^--^

deal, that

faid in Reference to fuch a

Good

yet, Ifuppofe fiifficient td

give a Light, or a Hint to Better Inventions, according to that Saying, Old, andTruc, Facile ejllnventis addere *Tis no great Matter of Difficulty to have It done, by almoft How eafie ft anyJngeniom Worh^men^ \vhere they are to make Ke?? Ere^ions, a^Roo'm^d?.

li

and

24i
and have
vances.

Qoncerning the Viol^ and

Room enough,
if

they caft for

It

in their

firft

Contri-

It may become any Noble^ may be Built together with

or Gentlemans Houfe
It,

as

Rooms

for

all

Services

of a

Family.,

j and there Convenient and Neceffary as by any other Contrivance

whatever, and

zs Magnificently Stately.

to (uch a AW^y;)', Ample, and mofi Convenient Ere&ion^ I (hall only add my WiJI)esy that It might be once Experimented j and then no doubt, but the Advantages^
defcrib'd the

Having thus

way

and Benefits would apparently fliow Therarelves,and be Efieemed, far beyond what at the prefent They can conceive,or I have Writ.

Chap.
Table Organ to rtand in the midft,

III.
I will

THere

is

yet one Thing more, which

Propofe, in Refe-

much better,
than an Upright Organ*

The Chief Orof the Organ in Conficc fort,

The Great
Advantages of
the ufe of a

Table Organ
in Confort.

towards a more Abfolute Exa&nefs^ and Compleatnefs, and in making It more Even, and T}iEqual, viz,. Suppofe the Organ to be (b Contrivd^ as to be jiin&ly Plac'cl in the midfl: of the Room, and ferve inftead of the Table, 5 sifo I conceive, ( nay I know , in that I have made Experience of the Thing ) It would be far more Reafonabk, and Troper, than an Vpright Organ. Becaufe the Organ ftands us in ftead of a Holding, VnitingConjiant-Friend:, andjs as a Touch-fione, to try the certainty of AUThings'-) efpecially the Well-keeping the Tnjiruments in Tnne, &c. And in This Service the Organ (hould be Equally Heard to Allj hut efpecially to the Performers Themfelves, who cannot well Perform, without a 'DiSfinSf Terceivance Thereof. The Organ ftanding in the midft, muft needs be of a more certain and fteady ufe to Thofe Terformers, than if It flood at a 7)ijlance , They all Equally Receiving the fame Benefit, no one more than another 5 whereas according to the conftant Standing of Vpright Organs ( at a 'DiUance from the Table, and much Com^d!_y ufually Crowding between the Organ, and Table ofTerformersy fome oi Thofe Terformers, who fit fartheft off, are often at a lofs, for want of Fearing the Organ, fo T)iUinUly as they ftiould, which And if It be (b to the Terformers, It is a Great Inconvenience. needs be alike Inconvenient,ox more, to Thofe Auditors, who muft fit far from the Organ. evict of a Table Org'-iWjfends forth Its Votes lb Equally But This alike, that All, both ^Performers, and Auditors, receive their juft, and dueX?if/.f/4^7tf, without the leaft Imfediment'-jth^ Organ in This Service not being Eminently to be Heard, but only Equal with the
rence
in fettingoff the Mufick^-^

other Mufick.

Now as to the 'Defcription of This Table Organ, I cannot more conveniently do It,than firft in giving you a View of It, by This Figure here Tjramn,and then by telling you all tht7)imenfions,and the whole order of It, ( I mean my Second, which is the Largeji, and Two -the Beji.) And take as Here followeth.

Z44
Jonof^[h7'
Table Organ
Room'^"'^'*

Concerning the Viol^ and

^^ ^^ CuchOrgant
in the

World

'

Houje^ and for my own VJe, as to the maintaining of 'P^//f4r^/^y/j-, 8cc. I did alfb Defign the EreUing of fuch a Mtifu\ Room, as I have defcribed 3 But it pleas'd God to TJifappoiKt,' and7)ifcorage
caus'd to be

3 They made In my own

believe) are but as yet in ^w^g. being of my own Contrivance 5 and which I
only, (
I

by Difabling me (everal ways , for fuch a H'ork^ , as by the Lofs of my Hearings and by that means the Emptinefioi myTnrfe^ ( my meaning may eafily be gueis'd at ) I only wanted iV/flwy enough, but no GoodWill thereunto. It is in Its i?/4, and Height, of a very Convenient, Fandfom^ and Con/pleat Table-Seize j ( which may Become, and Jdorn a Noble-Mans Tiining Room ) All of the Beji fort of Wainfiot. The Length of the Ze^/ 7 F/?<?^, and 5 Inches.
,

me

chiefly

The Breadth 4 Ftftff, and 5 Inches. The Heighth 3 /y?^^, 7r/j, and Better. Beneath the Ze^?^ quite Round, -is Handfom Carvd, and
about 10 Inches T>eep, to
let

r/-

fFtfr;^,

out the Jipa;/^/

And Beneath
may be Faxlts as may

the Cut-Work^,

Broad Tannels,

Co Contrived, that they

down at any time, for the Amending fuch happen ; with 2 Shelv dCubbords at the Z'z?*^ behind, to Lock^xx^ yoxxx My(ickBooks,^c. The Zerff is to be taken in 2 Tieces at any time for eonvenicncy of Tuning, or the like, Neatly Jojnd in the Midli. The Kejis, at the upper End, being oC Ebony, znd Ivory, all Co^erd with a Slipping Clampe^ ( anfwerabk to the other End of the 7iZi/e ) which is to take off at any time, when the Organ is to be us'd, and again put on, and Locl(d up , fo that none can know it is an Organ by fight, but a Compleat Neiv-FaJIjiond
taken
.

Table.

has in It 8 ZJe/^r, cut quite through very Neatly ( anfwerable to that Vp-Jianding One, in the Figure. ) with Springs under the Edge of the Leaf, to Contriv'd, that they may Open, and Shut at Tleafure 5 which ( when Shut dorm ) Joyn Clofely with the Table- Leaf But (upon occasion) may be Opened, and fb (et up, ( with a Spring in the manner of a ^esl^, as your

The Leaf

--i

Thetnesning ofchc8D-V:s,
'' atid th'i"

uPf'tf^-f

J ^^7 ^^ ^t againftThem.

"'

'^" Ex-

cellent ufe.

Now the Intent of Thofe T)esks, is of far more Excellent ufe, than for mecr T)esl{s ; For without Thofe Openings, your Organ would be but of very Slender ufe, as to Confirt, by Rcalbnof the Cbfenefs of the Leaf., But by the Help of Them, each 7)est{_ opened, is as the putting in of another Qtticl^ning, or Fnlivning Co that when all the 8 Desl^s ftand open, the Table is like Stop a little Church Organ, Co Sprightfully Lufiy, znd Strong, that It is too Loud for any Ordinary Trivate ufe : But you may Moderate
:,

That,

by opening only

fo

many of Thofe 'Desl^s,

as

you fee

fit

for

The N'umber of stop in It, and what they

your Prefent u(e. Taere are in Thk Table Six Stops, The firft is anOpen 'Diapafon'-^he Second a
^
fjfleenth'.,

Principal--,

The Third
and TmnThere

The

Fourth a Twelfth'-,
Si

The

Fifth a Tip^

tieth:,

And

the Sixth

Regal.

JS/luftcJ^ in (general.
There
boy Stop,
is

^4-)
Cotjtent )

likewile (^fov aTleafttre,

in at

and Light

any Time, with the Foot ; makes the Voice Uumane. The Bellow is laid next the Ground 5 and is made very Large\ and driven either by the Foot of the TUyer, or by a Cord at the
( together with the Regal )
far end.

which comes

aHooThe Humane which Stop, Voice in This

Inftrumcnc,

Thus

have given you a Short

well Tonderd,

'Defiription,

of Thk moji In-

comparable,

when
of,

It is

and Super- Excelling Jnjirftment j not doubting, but and Conjiderd upon, It wi.'I be approved

and brought into Vfe. And, if any Terfon ( upon the Reading of Thk 'Defcription ) An Advertifement. (hall be Tiefiroui to Ttirchafe (uch an TnUmment ; I believe, I can Procure for him the Very Same, which I have Thus 'Dejcribed, &c. For my Vnhappinefs has been (uch, ( by Reafon of my 7)eafnefs ) that I have ( o^ I ate Tears ) parted with It and It is (at Thk Time, I think ) to be Sold'-^ fo that if an jTerfon fend to me about t:3) It, I (hall do h'lmthe^ Beji Service>\ can in It : And indeed It is a
.

Very-Very-7erveL

.\i"\

'

'^

'^
:

Note well. Your Tedal, and Or^*, being Thuf Well Fixd, the next is, How 10 order to FurniJI) your yr^/r with Good Inurnments : But firft (ce, that It your Prels for be Conveniently Large, to contain (uch a Number, as you (hall 2)e- Inflruments, (ign for your Vfe'-^ andto be made very Clofe, and Warm, Lyn'd 'through with Bayes, &Ci by which means your Injirnments will

fpeak Live lily, Brisk_, and Clear.

<

Chap.
xrOur

IV.
)
will be, a

-&e/2 'Provijton
<?/

( and ^/^^ Cotftpteat

Good

The

Beft Pro-

(TiSe^

and
dred,

2 Trebles :

FzWj^ Sixy in Number'-, viz. 2 i5<2/fej-, 2 Tewrj, All 5r/y, and Troportionably Suited.
(

vifion for

Of
Rojs,

viols, and of what Author?.

fuch, there are

Jay, Smith,

no Better in the World, thanThofe of Jlyet the Highe^ in EUeem are ) Bolles, and

I have known Valued ax. 100 /. ) have AW, very Excellent Good WorkTy&^ye Old--, men, who (no doubt) can Work^ as well as Thofe, if The\ bj fo well Paid for Their Worl^, as They were; yet we chiefly j^^/^e

(one ^^j? o^ BoUeis,

but

were

We

0/<^ Injiruments, before JVen?

for

by Experience, they are found

;

to be far the Befi. The ReafonJ tor which,

can no further 'Dive into, than to fay;

I Apprehend, that by Extream Age, fthe Wood, ( and Thofe Other JdjnnUs ) GlevP, TArchment,Tafer, LyningsofChath, (asfbme ule;) but above All, the Vemijjj ; Thefi are All, fo very much (by Time) Dryed, Lenefied , made Gentle , Rarified, or (to fay Better, even ) Ayrified ; fo that That Stiffnefs, Stubborntiefs, or ClungHJnefs, which is Natural to fuch Bodies, are (b Debilitated and made ^lyable, that the^^jrej of the ^-^t?^, have a more, and'

Ape Adds Goodnefs to

Inftrurnents,

and the Reafon why.

irfe Liberty to

iV/i;z;e,

5>z>,

or Secretly Vibrate

by which means

the Air,

(which

is

the Z//e of All Things) both Animate, and ** 3 Inanimate)

Concerning the
htanitnute

Viol:,

and

and Ea^K Recourfe , to Tafs^ and Re-pafi, &c. whether I have hit upon the Right Cartfe, I know not ^ but fure I am, that ^ge Adds Goodnefi to JnBruments , therefore They have the Advantage of all our Late Work;^men. Now, (uppo(e you connot procure an Intire Chefi of Viols^ Suitable^ &c. Then, 7%uf. Endeavour to Ticl{^ up ( Here^ or Tkere ) Co many Excellent Good Odd Oms.^s -near Suiting as you can, (every way) viT,. both

^ has

more

Free,

A certain Rule

to make a

Cox Shape^ fVood, iColour, c^'c. but e(pecially for *5Vzz>c. And to be ExaB in That^ take Thk Certain Rule^ viz^ Let your

True Scizabk
Cheft of Viols

Bafs be Large:

Then your

Trebles

in the String, (viz.)

from Btidge^to

jVa^,as are

muft be juft z% Short again, your BaJfes'-^^cznCt

Thr True
Place for the

Bridge.

they (land 8 Notes Higher than the ^4//ej5Therefore,as Short again;; (for theMiddle oC Every String^is an Sth.Tht Tenors,(m the String) jiift Co long as from the Bridge, to Fret ; becaute they ftand a ^th. Higher, than your Baffesj Therefore, Co Long. Let Thff Suffice, to put you into a Cotnpleat Order for Fii>/x, either way ; ) Only Note, That the Beji Tlace for the Bridge, is ( to ftand y"^ in the 5 Quarter Dividing oC the Open Cuts BeloiVj though Mofi, mofi Erroniotijly fuffer them much to ftand too

High

which

is

a Fault.

A Provifo, as
to the ufe of
Violins.

LyroVioIs,

the Cotnpleating of the

Store.

After all TA^-, you may add to your Trejs, a 'F'air of Violins, to be in Readineft for any Extraordinary JoUy, or Jocund Confort-Occafton j But never ufe Them, but with Thk Trovifo, viz. Be (ure you make an Equal ^rovijion for Them, by the Additifb that They may not Out-cry the on, and Strength oC Baps ( the Bafes efpecially ) to which end , It i?e/? of the JVJupk., will be Requipe, you Store your Trefs with a Tair of Zw/?/ FullSciz'd Theorboes, always to ftrike in with your Conjbrts, or VocalMujick^ to which. That Infirument is moft Naturally Proper. And now to make youij Store more Anfply-Compleat j add to all Thefe 3 FuU-Sci^'d Lyro-Viols 5 there being moft Admirable Things made, by our Very Beji MaUers, CoxThat Sort of Mufick, both Confort-npije, andTeculiarly for 2 and 5 LyroesLet 7/&e? be Zwi?;', Smart-Speaking Viols becau(e, that in
')
)

-^

Confort,

they often 5 Standing infiead of That 'Part, viz* a Second Treble.

i^e^tjj'f

againft the Tre^/e

/;5^i/4/ig,

and often

They will
An Entertain'
ment
for. a

ferve likewi(efor2)jz;7/w-FzW/very Properly.

Prince.

being Thus Stor'd , you I|^ve a Ready Entertainment for the Greatefl Trince in the World, I will iK)w give you fbme "Dire&ions for the General Vfe of the
f-^ztf/,

And

and ate as followeth,

in 75fef A^e;c/ Chapter.

GHAP.

1111

M.Hfic\

in

Qeneral.

^47

Chap. V.
npHe
J-

Viol

is

an Inp-nment To very

Trojefs'd Teachers

upon

7;f,

that It

much in ufe, and fb many may feem Impertinent to

concerning
'^^

give ^Lire&ions concerning 7/ j efpecially fince that ExceUent Maper, Mr. Chrifiapher Simpfin, has done It fb very well already 5 yet becaufc fprne may Haply meet with This Mine, who

f'^^'f^ '

may not of have That of His, and that I fhali Exmpljfie fomething, which He has not done the General 5 I will therefore ( to make This

my

pfor^ufeful to the Lovers di the Viol) fetdown ( in (hort ) That Way, which (according to my Long Experience, I have found raojh Advantagious, both to Scholars, Self and the ^y*?motion of the Jrt in General. _)

My

My

J^FirU
'

ft ^rf ^^^ ; and Beg.nner, "^ . 'hfi.itely Bcft for the Learners Troft. ^ '^^^J', ^^'* ^'i>'\Learn to "Flay by Notes , viz. according to the Old dub^antzal Rule of the Scale and not by Letters, or Tahla* pure, ( the which is to begin at the wrong End Firfi.
.

therefore Let the Tomg Beginner enter into Its ufe, in The v.ry Beft Ihat way, rvhtch we call the Iain-way, viz. Viol-way, or Lute- Pr^e-dircftions TPay, ( which is all one ) and is the Very Be 1''''^ ^"""^ of Tunings

after anyLepns. ^"^ ^er^^A? an ExaB Performance of his Time'^, By which hi. . 1 "^^^'^'.rf 'keeping, Dayly, as he goes on, (which may likewife be gain d in whole work * One fortnight more'-,) the which being ""'" done, with aT)ilieent

Let him have Tatience, (yet, for one Week,, or Fortnight) to * make hmfelf throughly Terfe&,in Thofe Notes^or Rudiments, by the ' Boo^^and alfo upon the Jnfirument, before he Hanker
'

^dly.

Care

'

^^^^;Pofi-rc^^-"d True Ftngering, the difficulty i^^^u'P'/n? of the Whole fhrk. vpiU be Over. For then hewiUhave little or no-

SS

^L'^^'^^

^^{/"e//n^i^/j, but only to Trance, and Gain a ^il"^, Hand 5 Ready^W"''!'^'the winch Ukewife in a Short Time by ( Thefe Rules * only ) will follow. But if They be negle^ed, his Work. n>ill be Shab' by, and Lame, for ever after, and never TerfeB, and Compleat. ' Lherejore take Good Heed, to This Good Councel.
'
'

Chap.
"VTOw
that

VI.

Choice of a Viol Firfi, fit for your Hand:, yet rather of what Sciz'd zSci2.efomethngtooBig, thi^n (at all) too little, ( efpecially if S^'^f" r oegm upon. j \ you be loung, and Growing, ) Then Enter into your Tofiure 3 which is Thus. Having Placd your felf m fuch a Convenient Seat for Height, ThePofture' and m a Comely, Vpright, Natural-Tofiure ; fo , as your deel may not hmder the Motion of the Bow, by Bending, fet yourltol Tlown, between the Calves oi your Legs, and Knees ;
fo,

^^

you may know how to Aa All This.

make

as

by Them,

It

may Uand

Readily, without Help of your

Left

Z4S
Left Handy Thence.
The BowHolding.

oncermn^ the
and fo
faji,

Vtol^

and

that

a Stander hy, cannot eaCily take It

Let the Eead of It be T)JreUed over your Left Shoulder'-, yet fmall matter Inclining toroards your Elhoxo : Then take^<?y Bbrvhttwixt your Right Thumbs and n Fore-fingers^ near the iVir//, the Thumb and ifi. Finger Fajlning upon the Stalk^y and the 2d. Finger s- End Turned in Shorter agaiHJi the Hairs ; by which you may Toyz.e^ and keep up the Toint ofyour Bow 5 but if that Finger ht not Strong enough^ joyn the^d. Finger it\ j^Jfifiance toll but in Playing Swift 'Diviftons , 2 Fingeri^ and the Thtimb^ is

Ibme

Befi.

according to Mr. Simpfons T)ireUions. Yet I muft confefs, that for my own Tart, I could never Vfe It fo ivell, as when I held It 2 or 3 Inches off the Nut ( more or lefs) according to the Length or Vi eight of the Bow, for GoodToyzing

This

is

'

of It

But

'tis

poflible, that
as It

liar to

My felf

by Vfe was to Bim.

might have made

It.

as Fami-

So ]ikewi(e,,for the ExaU Straitnefs of the Bow- Arm, which fbme do Contend for, I could never do fo well, as with my Arm^
TheStrainiefs
of the

Arm.

( St'raight enough, yet ) fomething E lying, or lidding to an Agile Bending : and Which I do conceive mofl:F<z?z7/^r/)' Natural. For I would have no Tofiure, Vrg*d, TUfputed, or Contended
for'-)

that(liouldG*i7/7, ax Force Nature.

A Good Streak
ahove All Things.

, attempt the Striding before you do That, Arm your (elf with of your Strings'-:, but pYe^arative Befilutions fo gain a Handfom-Smooth-Snpeei-SmarfClear-Stroakji or el(e Play not at alJ; For if your Viol be never fa

Now being

Thus

far ready for. Exercife

Good, if you have anVnhandfom-Harp-Bugged-Scratching, Scraping-Stroak., (as too

many have) your F/t?/

will

feem Bad, and

your Tlay Worfe.

to gain Tim Right Stroah^, is from yonr Intentin the Order, and Right Motion of the Bovp 5 ( and although, as concerning the Holding the Viol'-, the Bow., Orand Vfe of the JVriJi leveral Very Excellent Mader of the Arm Care
at Firjl

Now the way

)
-,

'-,

fiers

yet All 'Perform Rarely Well ; becaufc Principal Thing, viz. The Care in Gaitting the Good Stroakj) ( as aforefaid ) which is done after Thif

do (bmething

T}iffir

They Agree in the

Main and

way

TheSiircft to gain a
itrc ak.

Sweet

TheRiglit
Place for the

Manner, viz. Only to draw your Bowjuft Crofs the Strings in a T)ireU Line, endeavouring to Sound one Single String, with u Long Bow, wellnigh from Hand to Point, and from Point to Hand Smoothly^ and not Dripping, or Elevating the Point in the leaB. This is the Firjl, and BeS Piece of Pra&ice you can follow ; and tiilyoii have gain d This, thin\of Nothing elfe. And as to the Place, where your Bow mufk Move., you are to
'

regard 4 yA/wgj-,

viz.

The

Sci7.e'.^_

The

Stringing'-,

The Pitch

'^

Bow
in.

to

move

and

al(b the Various

Vfes of the

Viol.

be a Large Confort-Viol, your Bow mufl Move about 2 Inches and an Half from the Bridge ; if a Treble-Viol, about an Inch and a FJalfi and Co upon all Others, according to Th^ Suitable '^dly. AcProportion.
jfi.

If It

Mujick^in ^eneraL^
2dly'

^49

According to hi Stringing., viz. If It be Stiff Strung., or Stand of a High Titch, ( 's^hich is both as one ) then Play a little Further from the Bridge. 7,diy. According to Its VJe, viz. If for Confort Vje, Play nearer the Bridge, than when you Play Jlone 5 which although It be not Co Sweet, yet It is more LuHy, and that little Ruffnefs is Loji'm theCroTpd--, Co likewife you may do, if you be to Play at z (jreat'Dijlance Cxomxht Jtiditors, Cov the fame Reafon for the Roughuefs wil! be Lofl before It come at Them : But if you be to Play very near your Auditon, efpecially unto Curious Ears, Play zYxtxXetoofar off, rather than /<?<? near--) for by that means, your Tlay will be the more Sweet, &c. The next Thing is, to gain the Motion of the TVrifi, ( which How to gain with the Former IS the Accom^lifjment of the Right Arm-.,^ and the Motion of the Wrift; is Thui gain'd, uiz.. only by caufing the Hand, at the very Turning of the Bow (either way) to \nc\mQ to z Contra- Motion the Arm ( as it were) leaving the Wriji behind It, feems to draw It again after Tt , txplained other wife Thus, viz. Let your Stroak be at M'hat I ength It wilJ; before you would ^^ leave the Motion ofyour Bow, ( it It be a Long Stroak^) Stpp the Motion ofyour Arm Suddenly yet fet your Wrifi jiiU onwards, g or 4 Inches, and It is done : But if It be a Shorter Stroakjy
'-, --^

then according to Difcretion, a Shorter fet of the Wriji., Terfirms Tt. I cannot Explain It Better., nor need 1 5 for Ingenuity, and TraUice, will get It in one Quarter of an Hour. Thus far may be Performed, without th.e ufe of the Left

Hand.

And Thus much

This

my Works
which
I

becaufc in the

reUions^

maybeStifjicientfor'DireiionsforViol-Tlay, in Turn back, for \ft Tart, the fame Order and7)i- further Direhave given for the Lute, muftbe ExaBly Terfor- ftions, to the
Lute Paxt.

Therefore Turn to Thofe T^ireUions about the i2,i3,or 14 Chapters^c. and you cannot fail of a Right Order Cor your Left-Hand-Fingering , Exa& Time-Keeping 3 and all other
Viol.-

m^d upon the

'Particulars.

Therefore I will favemuch Labour, and Proceed to Something elfe more Needful, and (how how to Re&efe 2 Very Grand Faults Generally committed in Viol-Tlay, by mofl Scholars, andfame Malien
alfo,

Two Grofs
Fauhs Generally

Com-

( or at leaft fuch as go CovMajiers. ) The One Fault is in the Right Hand, the other in the L^eft. That of the Right Hand is, that whenever They fliould ftrike The

mitted inPUy, Explained, and Reftefied.

Firfl

of

a Full Stop,

the Lowest String, which is the the Right Hand. very SubfiantialityofThat Stop'-, It being the Ground to zWThofe Upper Tarts and without which the reft of Ti^^^ Stop is C Gene-

They (eldom Hit

-,

rally )
'

all

Falfe

Mufick

'give the
i *

yott come to a Full Stop, bsjure to Full Share ofyour Bow, ( Singly byJtfelf, before yon Slide It upon the Reji ) and Leave Tt like-

Therefore I Advije, ever

when

LoweB

String a

Good

wife with a

little

'-little,
'

rvhehyojt part with

Eminency of Smartnefs, by Swelling the Bow a That String. This will make your Play

very Lovely.

Kk

'

This

Z')0
'

concerning the VioU and

* *

This very Ohfervatien^ vphoever pall take Notice of, Jo, as to put It into a ConUant Tra[iik\ jJmll Greater Content, andSaA find far
tiffa^ion, in Their Tlajfy than at the frefent They Can Imagine, n The 2d. is no lefs Grojs, yet mote Commonly Coffif^itted, and
^'^'
i

Thcid.Grofs

is

SftHa n?*"'"

of the Compojition. Common Performers 5 and (tomy Knowledge ) to (everal, who go for ( or fervc the Turn inftead of) Very Good Majier-Teachers, to their On>n Great 'Dijgrace^ The Jbitfe of Good L efons-^he Authors of Theni,^^^ Their Scholar as I (hall make very Plain, by Example. And I will take the more Pains to Explain This ^rw^becaufe Jt is the.Groftji that can be Committed in the Kind. ' And that you may klierv the Right meaning of A Hold, Obfervet, ' the Bejl Leffons of the Befh Majiers are often fo Composed, as They ^ fluU feem to be Single, and very Thin Things, viz. All Single Let' * ters, Tpithottt any Full Stops, &c. Tet upon a Judicious Exami* nation, there reill be found a 7erfe( Compoftion, of an Intire Bafs ' and tvith Strong Intimations of Inner "Tarts. Treble
Necejjity

^^ ^^^ ^'^^ ^'^"'^' the Tropriety, and

^^^^ ^^^^om Hold their Holds

according to

Now This is a Myjiery to all

s'-y

',

'
,

And

vphofoever ffjall undertake the

Management of a

Viol,

and

^Jjall not in his Tlay,

'

or Compofition, be able to fl^dve fuch

aTiece

'

*
*

who not fit

a Ma^fter"iipon

^
'

of Mafiery, mujh needs be accounted beneath a Mafier-Compofer c But he who full NegleB , or he Ignorant in the Way of Right laying fuch Compofitions of other Men , whereby Thofe Terfe&ions ought to be Exprefs'd, which are mainly Confiderable, as to the Propriety, and Support offuch Compofitions ; He, Ifay, muB '^'-W/ be counted "Deficient in Judgment, and Skjll-, and not fit to

sLutCjorViol.

'

an Example Here following, a Lefion I have (b Contrivd'-^ that if It be well underftood, and Rightly made u(e of, will Teach ExaU Fingering, and Terfeb Good 'Flay, in All Leffons whatever 3 and therefore of Great Good ZJfe. 'So that I (hail Advife All, who intend to come to any Gm<^ ' Troficiency upon This Infirumeut, to take Great Notice, of This * Lefon, and not only to Play It well, according to Thofe Marked * Holds, fet quite through: But alfo, to obferve the Reafon of ' That T)ifcourJe which follows, concerning the fame Le^on 3 and * fo to lay It into \i\sVnder Handing, as to be made Mafier of This

be owned, as a Mafier, or Teacher. And All This I will Explain by

is

which

*
'

One Thing 5 which

after.
'

(hall

Amplifie,

and Compleat his 'Flay for ever

Here

is

the Leffon following, together with the Tuning.

The Tuning
a
t

Viol-Way.

a_

^-

a
if

CHAP.

]S/LHfic\in (jeneraL^

2.%i
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The

Kk

1*^1

Concerning the VioU and

and
Treble-)

The Former Lejfon Explain d in Scores^ in which appears a TerfeB Bafs^

quite through.

The Treble of the Lejjhn.

The Lefon.

a
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a
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a ar
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This

L aft IS a TroditSf, or a Third(Forcd)Tart^ of the

jJi.Lefon^

and may be ^/^jj/W upon another FJ^Z, together with That ^<7/5 and Trf^/f ; though 1 intended It not for any fuch u(e 5 but only to {how how Familiarlj, and Naturallj a Z/fi/W 'Prfrf might be put to filch a like Contrivance 5 which is all I intended It for. Thut Lepn^ ( which you fee fet by Scores) is rendred Exactly The Authors to be 2 T^i-fj-, (jwVe through 5 and I have fet It Thus ( in Notes, ^^^j^" jhis with the Tahlatttre between ) Onpiirpofe, that you may the more Thus, clearly fee the True Nature of fttch Things , The Right Way ofCompofing fuch Things , and the Jhfolute Necejjity of 7laying fuch

lS

Things Thm^ according

to

This Rule of Holds.

I

will

2<^4
I will

Concerning the VioU and

yet further, for your Satisfaftion,

make

It

More Tarti-

cularlj/Tlainj zsThlks.

Youfte, that every ii7. Note of a Barr, in the TahUture (excepting the Clofes ) is but a Quaver yet, look into the ScoreNotes underneath Them, and you will find, That every fuch i/?.
>

Nate,

is

much more,
A'<7fe

viz.

Some

2,

3, 4, 5,

or 6 Quavers

as tor

Example.

The

T^.

of the Tablature

is

an (a) upon the Sixths and

but a Tric^Qftaver.

of the .r^j^re fifer It (being T^ouhle 7)-Jol-re) and Sounds all That Time, till you come to ceffityofa the Letter (r.) And the which muft be done, by giving Sk'^fped. ^^^^X^)^ Strof7g-Clear-Stroak,^ and leaving It Smartly, at Its
li?. A^(??e

But the

Note the Ne-

is

a Tricl^Crochet,

ally

upon

Fare-well.

^^''*-

becaufe That (a) is an 0/e String, It will continue Its Sotmd, till taken off, by fome Stop'd Letter, (as you fee the Letter

Now

(r) /^^fJ Tif of. But then the Zeej-('B)being a yr/c4-^''eriyet)by the ^e/e 0/ CoKJpjition) a Trick^C rocket, (for the aforefaid Realbn. ) If

you

i><7/> It

Clofe,

and Hold
the True

It jleadily fo Stopt, It will

Sound

Its

FtillTJue.

And
&c.

This

if

Meaning, Explanation, and

.^

Necefjity

of a Hold 5 which in all fuch Cafes nmji he fo Performed orelfeyon both Injure the Lejon--) and want That Great Benefit of Its Vertue,

The whole L^efon through, is Thus to be Performed j which by the Explanation of this \fi, Barr only, may certainly be done,
^
J.

Curioficy,"not

muchiegar-

dcdbymany.

and is lufBcient for General T)ireUions, in Allfuch Cafes. There is one Curiofty more depending upon Holds, viz. that at any time, when ( by the Rule of Compofition ) a Letter is to ht Held Longer, than 'tis pofiible you can Hold It, by Reafbn ^f fome Crofs, or Skipping Taffages', in fuch Cafes, Hold That T etter fo long as you can j hut at the Releafe, be jure you take off That Finger, JO cunningly, as you caufe not. That (fofudden-Open'd) String to Sound , ( which is a Hard Matter to avoid in Quic^

TUy.
a Tiece of very Commendable Skill, and A&ivity^ hui not regarded by many. The Lafi, and Great Advantage , ( by This Rule of Holds This
is

will mod: certainly

Trompt,

or Teach the

T layer.

Right, Troper,

and True Fingering,

in all Leffons whatever.

For by Experience,

he will find a NeceJJity of Stopping, (uch or fuch Stops, with the Proper Finder j other wile he cannot Perform It according to This
Vn-erring RuleI might trouble my (elf, and you, with many common Ty&w^jbelonging to Viol-TUy 5 But It being an InUrument known, and fb Generally in Vfe^xx. needs not. But Thefe Things which I have mentioned, are fb Singularly but not commonly underftood, ufefitl, and fo Generally NegleUed
,

that

thought

Them

needful, and

worthy your Knowledge.

I

Adtifick^tn (jeneraL^
conclude all with feme certain Things Profitable to your 'TraBice, and in Reference to what Rules I have thus far laid
:,

^%%

I (hall

down, and fo Conclude TXif

^fi>ry^.

This Fiift Lvng^ and Neiv FaJJjion'd kind of Trahde^ or Fanc^y, ^ being TUin-Jl; ay-Tumng^ in the Nature of Voluntary- Play) may -fs^mWhc^cv^zVShortOnes Joynd together 5 but is not lb : For I Compos'd It all as one 5 yet for tlie Better Information of the Learner^ and the Greater Lufire of his Play, I thus Contriv'd It, that It might feerii to be a kind of Extemporary Bujinefs^ making feveral ^eriodt^md beginning again-, each teeming to have feme
Relation to the Trtecedent. _ The JVraz^jr are all various {of Fumctir-^ and yon may Tiny lo many, or fe few of Them as you pleale, at any Time.
:

The whole would be Tlayd

vingftriaiy
all

in a Slorv TroportionofTiKie-^ohCei-

the Taufes, with Soft^vjxd LondTlay.

Chap.
J

VIII.
S-iJ
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//

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1

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Turn over fir the Kext.

LI

5S
///

Qoncerninz the Vwl^ and

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an

_LjIlThIs^^\vith the Fovmer) may (liSice forthe ^eS'Direffimj in Viol-Tlajf, both as to the Gaining Fxa& Kmnkdge, for the Befi Tcrformances upon That Infimnnnt 5 and for the Gaining of a Tollerable Good Hand. Yet Decau(e I wiJl Gratife you a little further Herein, I will Set you one more Malhrly^ and Large^ in ~ the Harp-Tming-Sharp which (hall Compleat the ary&fi/e Z'/Je/?, --^. and fb Conclude This Work: ~ And Here It is, with /// Tvm?ig Exprefsd.
'f

CHAP.


M.ujic\in
(jeneral.

2.^9

C H A P.
a_
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IX*

Harp'lVay-T'uning Sharp,
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^W/

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ths'DinUions for the TraUichJPart.

-o-fv-v

Ch At>.
foni

X.
,

Author has

wT^he' ^

Tart with fucb not X^^ whereas haveas -Aptphpd This Viol take Thefe feveral did the lute Tart Xj Store Lemons
I

of

vm"l7 ;o -^^^ons.

i^e^jS^j for

It.

riii\,nereisofnch Need i the Ge^er^/jbecaufe there arife Great Store of K?<?/-Z efoKs to be had (almoft)every where ; and but Fe
for the //e
^

and Thofe Generally Cory^^ftcain the

Trici^ig, 8cc.

^'^-

^^'

both to Jble, and ^ Explain my 7?/e/ Good fJand fit for any Vndertahing without the help of any other. Thirdly, and Laftly, If (by what I have Here Publilli'd) 1 fhall find a Further Encouragement., by Its being rvell Accepted v I do intend ( God willing ) to put forth another 'P/ece, in which ftialJ he Store o^ Viol- Lejffont, of all (brts of //?/, and Shapes Suited to the Five Beji of the Viol-Tunings^ now in u(e, viz. Viol-way Harp-Way-Sharp ; Harp-Way-Flat j High-Way-Sharp ^ and High Thefe being Chiefly Setfor your Troft , Thofe will he more Way-Flat.
Secondly, Thejc

( hJerc
,

Set J are

Fjdljy

Sufficient^

and

alfb to

make an hxaB

'-,

-j

The Conolufi-

for your Tleafure. J ^fJ\\\ therefore

AW Conclude This Work., as iFirJi began

and give fome hints

It,

viz

wotk- with fome Divine

Coniidcracicm

with fome
^^^^^

T)ivine Confderations^

or Glances,

JVorthy your

High

Regard-., manifefting thereby, the Great Excel-

the Contemplating Tart Thereof:, there are 3 Great Myfieries lye couch'd, yet in which you will find made Clearly 'Difcernable, by the Tra&ickfFart.

o^

Muftcl{_, in Reference to

The

'

ISdupck in Qeneral,
in

t6^
f^^^-^j^^'^j
fick,apparcni:.

whole Nature,
^

The I i?. is, concerning the TteoDi^erwg^ot Contra-Qualities, viz. The Good, and the Evil , Love, and HaJoy, zndSorrow-^

tred--)

Tleafure, and Tain:, I-ight,

j

and

2)<r;^- 'y Difccxnable

God, and the Tlevil-^ Plainly PerceiVed, by the Conchords, and iJifihords , Agreements, and 2^?7ri!greements, betwixt the 7 T)ijlinB Tones. Two of the which are Co Harridlj-Hateful, and Vnpleajing-^'^}^^^^^^l'[f that <? Harmonicd Ear is a^leto endure them ; Tho(e are the 2<sf. Nature. and the yth , both which ( in a manner ) are the fame ; For if we will admit an Eighth, to be the fame with an Vnifon, ( as we muft do5 both from the Nature, and VJe of It j the 7th. being a 2d. to the 8*^- ) They muft needs be both of the fame Nature. The 2d. That Trofound Myfiery of Myfieries, viz. of the Holy Trinity, is Perlpicuoufly made Plain, by the Connexion of Thofe . 3 Harmonical Conchords, viz. i, 3, 5, ( rliore than which Number, conchords! cannot ( by all the fVit, or Jrt of Man ) be put together at the fame time, (in Counter-foint--^ Any One of Them, Sounding Alone, ( or with Its Unities, or QUaves, ( never (b many ) is very Tleabut all 3 Sounding together, ismuchmorej fant, and'Delightful yea V^utterably-Contentive. The 3^/. isthe (nole(si5>>"^j;e, than) Stupendious Myjiery o ,zn O&ave, or Eighth ; the which^ although you feem to Jhfent, or go far off from the Vnity ; yet in Jts Center Line, you Marviloujly, ^ndMyfieriouJlyVnite, dind Harmonize, even as It were in Vnity Tt felf I will (peak a Z/V//?, of a Gre^f 7)e/, that might be (aid of 27e/e 3 Wonderful Myfieries 5 and CoFinifij This my whole Work^ And in the Contemplation of The(e 3 (b very Notable, High, Concerning and Sublime Speculations ; Firft take Notice, that in 27i- Art, the |^f.unityr' very Ze^ Imaginable degree of departure, or Seperation from Vnity, is Jrksome, and unpleafing to the ZWr of any Harmonical, and Well-Tun d Soul. As for Example We will (uppofe, that
nefs

FeaiKtr,

and HeU

^^'^^ ''"

':)

'-^

the T>7 fiance of a whole A^<?/e in Mufick^, may T^w/J}^ of 10, 20, an iooooq Tarts, or 'Deg'ree/j or as many as you can Imagine^ or or Number up, ( with ^ew, J4, anH 'P^;)^^ ) in fb many Years, ^c. ( for fo It may be very, Eafie to give aZrae/? TiemonSiration

Thereof.) I fay, the Ze^/? 'Departure, or DiBance Imaginable , of any of Thofe ^Degrees, from the True Central-Toint of L'z>y, is That Dif-fatisfaUion htiox^Specified'-iXht. which may be perceiv'd as well by the Eye, (in theVibration of a F^Z/e String, where there may be difcern'd a kind oC Refikfnefs, or Vnquietnejs^ by Reafin of Its Vnequal Weight, or Toyfing ) as by the Z<y, in the T)ifunity, or Vntunablenefs, either of Voices, or Strings'-) for there cannot be but there will feem in either, any 7re Satisfa&ion, or Content to be znVnquiet Snarling^and 7<mg,little or much,according to the 'DiUance from the 7re Tew^er of Vnity-^ yet whenThey Med j^ in T/&<2^ Central-Toint, there will be difeern'd,a Perfeft Quietnefi, or StiUnefs , a Tleafure tinexprejjible : This is apparent to y^^ Experience, and may eafily be Try'd, andProv'd Thus : As for Example. Let
-,

Mm

i66

AiufickisA/LyFricaL^ and
Let any 2 Voices^ endeavour to Sing ( ftrongly ) together. 5 A-rCi and B-Kiis or any other 2 of the Scak^ ( next adjoyning ) and there will quickly be perceived That Tormenting Vnffifferabk Horrour before mentioned 5 even (uch, as a True harmonicd Ear^ is no more able to endure the noile. of^ ..,:. f/rvr^ than the cutting of his own F/e/7j.
Gam-tit^ and A-re

And
A
Lively si-

This

is

that

We

call

a T^ifchord in Mufichj^

and

is

moft

ExaU^ And Lively Simile of the

Vexation,

Bad

Nature, viz. Terplexity,

Bad Nature.

Anxiety, Uorrour, Torture, HelI,T)eviliJi}nefi-^ yea, of the 'Devil It felf ^ fo Ahominahly Hateful, and Contrary is It , to Perfed: Vnity, or Goodnefs : And is the True Nature of Thoje 2 T)7ftances in Mufick^, viz. the id. and the yth. fothat although they be ( of all other DiUances ) the neareft to Vnity 3 yet are

and HatefuE^ The Nearer the Church^ ( to findltsOr/gz^^/^and It may as Aptly be (aid of This Experitnent, viz. The Nearer to 7Jnity, the farther from Agreemetif-i except involv'd into the very
the
Contrary,

Mofi Remote in their A^^/we, Old Common known Troverb, the further from God) may Here belaid,
fo that That

They

Eleart,

or Center Thereof

Concerning -j} " ^^j ^^nother 7)i fiance, caird a Difcor^i, viz, xheAtL -' ' die 4f''. which , 1 ,. rrr^ r 1 tCt L T-L /i is both Conbtlt nothing 01 tht Nattfre, or A7rf with Inoie other

Two;

c"'^H'^'*'fher,'

^^'^

(^^

^ "^*^

'^ ^^y ) ^'^^^y T^vaitrable 'Difcord

5

Its

Hurts not.

"

out, ( yet indeed is Nat-ttral^ to make the /\.th. a Terfedi Harmony ; and for my part, I cannot call It a T)ifcord ; but (hall rather call It a

like to the other

and there is a way

m Art found

New

Concord, nor T)ifcord\ but as It may beus'd. It vsvy Eminent Good Vfe, in the Mixture ofTartsj is both, and of But to Strike It, or Sirnnd It Bare, or Single, to Any one 5^4r^,
ter,

viz. neither

It is a

Hard-Staring-Note.

tSreJ^andui' id. Great

"^

Let Thus much fufBce, for the fetting forth the Bad Quality in Nature j Plainly 'Difcemable, Thus, in This Art of MnfickCpncem'ng Now as to the Good Quality in Nature,heiore made mention of^ C^nd the Contrary to 2^' J It will as Plainly Oiowltrdf, by the
Very Single Vnity (or Vnifon') alone, c/z.- the Central-Vnitin^ together of any 2 Voices , or Sounds^ at the fame time ; but is more wonderfully apparent in the Connexion, oiVniting together of the 3 Tarts':) from whence likewife This Old Trover^, (.Tria funt Omnia) may as properly be faid to take Its Bife^

Mj'ftery.

That fore-mentioned 7d. Great My fiery, which is a kind of Trinity in Vnity, undVnity'm Trinity, ( with Revercjtce be It fpoken ) in the Confenting, and Agreeing Chords among Thofe 7 before Cpoke of^ vi%. that in That whole Number, there are but only Three, which may, or can be Joyned together at the fame time, in Harmonical Agreement 5 which Three ( in the Exfre\fion of Them ) are All, fo at Vnity^ ftnd Confent, that we receive Them, (though AllVarioits ) into OUT Capacities, zs. one Jntire Vnity. And They pleafe us Much More fo Vnitcd, than any one of Them Single, or any 2 toge-.
and
will as fignificantly Explain,

Ancf there is firch an Amplitude, or Fullnefs of SatisfaBton, mJhofe ^Conchards, that no Exprejfion of Words is (ufficient to
ther.

declare

Contemplame Van.
declare the Height of Tleafure^ and SatisfaBion received from Them. Much le(s unfold the Secret^ or Occult MyUery which

z6'j

Them. Thus much of Number of the 7

lies in

the 2 Firji Myjieries, Explain dimm the whole Chords , or Keys in the Jrt , beyond which

Paid

(according to the very Nature of ItJ we cannot Pa(si,yet we are toExceed,intothe ^th. 0h. Hoth. nth. I7th. \i2,th. 14th. i$th. Sec. which is the 'Double Eighth : All which are no more, ( Indeed ) than to Repeat over, the very fame Chords again ; for
the Sth.
is

as

an Vmfon, the

^th. as a 2^,the 10th. as a ^d.

flill more a Stupendioufly-Stranffe-Myftery , you (eem to Jbfent^ or go farther ott, trom theU?ifj/ 5 yetm the ^'^(sf, you Marviloujly Harmonize, j^ccord, and Jgree, even as It were in the Unity It felf.

Tflis is

&c. But The ^d. stw for although pendious, and

rabie Myfiery.

Now Reafon in all 7yGe/e Things, is at a perfefl: J><^ j can (ay Nothing Satisfa&orilyMXxto It 5 How, or by what Means, It (hSuld Thus come to pafi 5 But that It is (b, is Plain- by AH Experience. I will a Little 'DemonJiratetheWonderfulnefs of an Eighth, in Mujic^, according to my beft Conceptions, ( though very weak Abilities ) yet doubt not, by what I (hall (ay, but to give you
fome (uch Lively Jpprehenjtons of the Tra^A, and Reality of ^y6/j- F^j^ My^ery, that you (hall certainly be touch'd with Jd^ miration^ in a !Z)e Confideration Thereupon. As Firft, take Notice of the Ground^and Certainty of an Eighth, "^
^^*^' '

what

i)

the

o-;

Certainty, or

*
'

Groundof , , ^ * , . Experience, We find, that in any String, be It of what that Myftery length foever, f J'A^r^ or Long) the very midft of That String, |jcfc^' ' will produce an Sth. So that ( to come quickly td di(cern Thj^
^

By

'

loooo Miles Lgng^ or fo Ztf^, as would Encompa(s the whole Earth, ov Heavens That String divided in the midft, would produce but Only One O[iave,ox Eight h-^(hm you liauft (uppo(e,by Come Jrt,or:Tower
Wonder') you
i,

may (uppo(e

a String to be

*
*
'

'
'
' '

that That String may h^Stretch'd^sxCd made toJ*?^i/.-)Then again, the other Half, in Its MidJl,-wo\x\d as certainly do the like; and' (b on, iri Sub-divijion, till you come to the Length of a Lute or a Bafs Viol String, which we fee, does the like 3 (b a](b does the H^^ Thereof, viz. the Treble-Viol String:^ fb agam,T)imni{teLefs-Jnflruments,v'\t. the Z/^/e ^'zj,&c.The //^/^ of all which

produce

*
* '

*
'

yOU muft rUn down(Thus)ini^dividing, till you come to a String of an Inch Long\, and Therew the H(df Jnch^ will ftill be an Eighth ; and from thence, unto the very Leafi Imaginable Diminutenefs, viz. an Attome:, which although, by Reafon of Our Bounded Limitation, as to Our Nattiral, and Corporial Organical-Capacities, we are made Incapable
theirZ7^^</{j.*Then
(till

'of either Exprejfing, or T)ijiinguijinng Cnchlnviftble^ Little-^ neps 5 yet by our more Capacious, Rational, and Jpprehenjivc ' faculties, we muft needs grant a Confent unto, wz;, that ftill an ^ nion infi' Attome- Length of a String,m2iy be Infinitely "Divided ; and fo w^ihi'^'^ '*"

confequendy produce

lis

Eighths.

Mm

this

i68
This
is

Mtifick^s M'^^ical^ and

anVfidemable, and ZJnHtterable Myficry^ viz. Ivjinity of ItijinHenefs-^oih of an Vnlimted^and Wondrous Vajlnefs-^ and likewife a kind of Bonndlefs Intermmated-L ittlenejs 5 both which, in the Mylicry^ fignifie the fame Thing to me, concerning the Wonderfulnefs of the Alntighths Myftical Being 5 which is the Things I would have Well Noted, from This laji mentioned My-^ ifery, fo TDifcernable Tlain in Mvjickji and is a Mojl Worthy^ and

l^jigh Conjideration, becoming the Higheji T)ivine Thilofophers^ and the Largenefs, and Capacioufnefs o^ our Souls and Minds. And from hence, I cannot but Apprehend (bme fort of ^d!logy^ relating to the Manifejiatton o( ^ovae Significant (though ZJnexpreJJible ) Conception, of the Infinite, and Eternal Being 5 the Center, and the Circumference, have fuch an Jbfolute Vniform Relation, and T^ependance the One to the Other, that Both fLlQHEqual Myfi:ery, znd Wonder. And Thus by Mufick., may both of Them be Contemplated, and made perceptible fo , that whofbever (hall Experiment^ what I have here writ, as being Himfclf made AX?i?er of It^ by His own ObfervatioN, and Vnder Han ding-, He fhalJnot only believe what I Thus fay, concerning Thefe MyBeries oi^ Mufickj, but (hall fay, EJe Knows It to be True, and together with It, find (uch an In fiance, ( yea Confirmation ) of the Wonderful Worthing Toiver, and Wifdom of the Almighty God--, that // Faith (hau never after T^egene-^ agift"'^ be fo far ftrengthned Therein, that He fhall theii'm, rate into That Grofs Sub-Beajiical Sin of Atheifm. Thus I hope Mnficl^ may be conceiv'd, and allow'd to have a hear Affinity to Tiivinity, in reference to the !Z)ee/>, and t^<5^eterminable Myjieries of Both, after This v/ay o^ Comparifon. of the Admirable, and Sublime '.\ Much-much more could I fay, EficEfs : The Vnexprejfrb/e, and Vnvalnable Benefits of 7/&^ 2)zzv/ze Xr/ 3 the which ( I thank God ) I have found to my /but my ^<7<74is ^w'^^'S^to too Vernal Comfort, and Refrcflimcnts great a Btilk^, and Therefore I muft Conclude. I will only let you Here, for the ule of your Contemplation, conccming Thk laU Mention d MyUery, the beO: Explanation I can conceive of the Reafon of an Eighth in Eluftck^-^ and lb commit you tb your own '^Fictts, and E)ivine Conceptions, concerning th-e Infinite, and Eternal Being. And Here It is.
-:

G R EAT

Qontemplathe Vart.

.x6'

Great
^ And

GOD.

1y|Yfterious Center of All Myfterie^ -* Al/ Things Originate Themfelves in Thee in Their Revolution, rehoUy tend 7^ Thee, ?'/&> Oftave, T^e/r M?/? Happy End, AU Things (whate're) in Nature, are Thus Momded^ Thus Myftically Limited, and Bounded 3 Son/e Harmonize in Diapafbns Deep, Others again, more Lofty C'ncles Keep. But Thou, the Moving Caufe in every Thing ^ The Myftick Life, from whence AU Life doth Spring. That Little Spark <?/ Life, which I cal/ Minp, It came from Thee ( a. Precious Gift of Thine ) I Blefs Thy Name, 1 7)aily frsl It move, And Circulate ^^n'<>'<^j' Thee, ItsHigheftLovc. I've almoji Run my Round 5 'tk weUnigh paji, I Joy to tbin^of Thee, Firfl:^ My Laifc ) Unifbn (' at Firji ) I was in Thee , An Octave (" now at Lafi ) I hopefj} all be^ To Round Thy Prailes in Eternity, In th' Unconceiv'd Harmonious Myftery.
')

(My

A9>cr-

170

Muficl(s Myfiical^ and

j4 Terfivafive AdjunB^ T^inUed to AU Sober^ and Serious-meaning
Chrijiians, roho are in a. Mijia^e-, concerning the Worthy of Mufick., if Rightly made nfe of.
Trite^

andFigh

THE Great Benefit arifing from Thefe Sublime^ and TranfcenSpeculations, will be an undoubted means to and
dent
Razfe,

TTow Mufick would be tna^e ufe of,

to the Kcfi

Advantage.

Elevate, Sober, and Tious Minds, beyond All Infer i our., /otv, and Common Things'-fo as They may be fVxW, only upon (That 'Proper, and True ObjeB of Souls ) the Beitjg of Cur Beings , who although Tnvifible^ as to our Outward Bodily Eyes, yet Nothing is more Certainly, and Clearly Obvious to our Internal True Sight. Thus would! have Muftc^ to be made u(e of, 5 there being Nothif^g of Art, and Science, under Heaven , more Troperly, and Contemplative Significantly, and Towerfully fit for 7)ivine than /if , by Reafon of Its Acchording, or J/z??Good Chri^ians, pathit.ing Faculty with our Jl?////, and Minds, if Rightly underBut if Abitsd, ( as IDivinity It felf, together, ftoOd, and us'd. moft G'r<?/?)' J It works to Vanity, Lycencioufnefs, and with It, is the Intoxicating oi'oavMids, with Fo//y, and Madnejs even as may be ften in the mif-u(e of Tlivinity, according to another Old Troverb, ( Corruptio Optimi efi Fejfima ) viz. The Beli
,
:,

Things Corrupted, are the Worfl. Now, if in This My 'Difcourje I have (aid any Thing which may not Sound leafing in the Ears of Any ^ efpecially Thofe of the Sober Sort, under any Form of Religion, Seif, or way of 'Divine Worfinp whatever, d^c. I defire to be Excits'd, in regard I have Writ Nothing, in This Book^, taken up upon Trufi, either by Flear-fay,ox from any other Author,nmch lefs out of any Humorotts,ox: Conceited Fancy jhwt Really, znd Sincerely, Vfhax. I have Ex-> perimented in my own Soul--^ and therefore think It very Tit, and Worthy to be Related. The Principal Argument that I could ever yet hear fpoken againft Mufick, ( by Tho(e who pretend moft to Zeal, aud Tiety) and none' more (peak againft It, or fleight It, than many fuch ( which is Greatly to be Lamented) was occafion'd, by Reafon of

Caufc, why Mufick is fo rauchSleighccd,or Dif-rf garded by So bcr Good People.

the Great Abufe of Muficl{,w\i\c\\ It daily fuffers^and I do acknowledge, with much Sorrow, thsit\t\s Generally Abus'd, even as!Z)/OT?jf;' It felf is, ( than the which. Nothing is more) and very juftly might, and may they ftill fay, that It is us'd ( by too many)
toftir up, ^and Excite Lightnefs, Vainnefs, Jocundity,

and

Folly

Who only can find nie

Trut Benefit
of Mufick.

and nothing more 7re5which is the Great Caufe, why (b many Hundreds, or Thoufands, of Sober, and WellTJifpofed Teople do Avoid It, as being Afraid to meddle with It, though (indeed) It is Mofl Troper, and fit-) even for ibchT)ifpofed Teople, of Grave Serious Confideraiions, and Inclinations, fof None but Such, can u(e Mufick , fo, as to find the Right Vfe, and True Benefit of It. Therefore to fuch Sober Teople, I thus much fay, It would be very well worth Their Examination, to try, whether They 1 hem (elves do not Erre on the One Hand, in the Negleif, and Contempt

of

[ontemplathe Vart.

z"]

of It 5 ( being an Ordinance of God ) whilfl: others do miPufe It, and Erre on the Other: And likevvile to conrider,of what Eminent ^^^^^^^f^^l ZJfe It has been all along, both by they^/z/^m/j/of theO/<a? and who defpife church-MujSejv TefL-imnt, in the L harch of GW^ And if They will be Rul'd by Example ( as Moji Religionifts are, who Generally follow their Co that if one Leap Leaders^ like fo many Harmkfs Silly Sheep Ovcr-Board^zW the Red immediately f6llow,be It Right or Wrong) Let them make Choice of the BeU^ and riioft Tnfallible Ex ample and fuch as have been aJluredly Infpired with the Trne Spirit of 6>js?5(which too many now adays pretend unto, to very (ad purpofes.)To which end,let th^mSearch theBihle^md fee if any fuch may, there be found 5 and if fo, then to follow Them.To which purpole Read Thefe certain Texts of Scriptitre^heve following 5 and there they will find a moCc Eminent Example : Ont that wa^ Infallibly ''^^p'^Infpird ^ a Chofen Vefel of God, and Eighly Beloved ofBf^r^ aTrop^^f pket, and a Great King, wbofe Throne is Ejiablijlfd for ever. That Chapter IS very Notabk\\n ExpreJJing Gods Everlafting Love toT)avid, and His Seed^oC whom caTncChri^,the King of Kings-^ who likevvile gave Exhortations fufficient Himtelf, for ThWDfttji of Singing "Traijes in L'is j^Jfemblies^is you may find in my Former
,

s--,,

Tlifconrfe

concerning Tfalms-Singingi?e^isf again concerning Davids Great 'Diligence for the Houfc of God^ in I Chr. 22, and fo forward to the End of That Bookj, yet more efpecially Bead Chap 23. v. 5. where you may find, that 4000 'Fraifed the L ord, with Inflrtimcnts which I made ( faith David) to Traije therewith. l^ga.mCk2'y.See'wh^t cate was taken to Separate Terfons Fit for That Service, and H ho fhould Trophejie with Flarps^ ^falteries, and SymbolsXfnch Jnflruments of MufickjusThty had iri Thofe Times) and the Number of Them, (as in the jth. Verfc)thdt were InjiruSfed in the Songs of the Lord., ( even all that were O//?-,

ning) was 288. This was the Great Care o^Trophet KingDavidXhat Holy Good MaifC after Gods own Heart )He knew not how to 'Traife God Bet?er,than in fuch Exprcjfions, which were All Harmony^Lauds., and Traifes, Witnefs h[\s whole jBaok^oPTf.- Some TarticuUr 'Places only I will here name, ( for It would'be too Teadious to (et them all down. ) Tf(^. 2. Mind the Joyful Exprejjions ( furely as well of His Soul,as)oC His Voice,v'\z, I will be Glad^and Rejoyce in Thee--, I will Sing Traifes unto Thy Name, O Thou Moil High.Agam,Tfso. /[..Sing unto the Lordf) ye * Saints ofHis'-,andgive Thanks at the Re.
:

^^''^'^
"^^f^

be called
^^,'""'

niemhrance of His Holinefs> And from This 'Flace It may be Noted, That there sveTroperlySaints ofGod,zndImproperly Saint sfo called.

^^^

'

His Saints will not Refttfe to Sing His Traifes^Sitre. Yet let us take Great heed, when we take upon us Ty&4f J'^/^Sf/^e-^ fF(?r4, that we be not Unholy'^Vi ltsTerformancc.,and do It Hypocritical/y,Sleightlj,or Scurvily, or for any By- End, or RefpeCi whatfbever, but only for the Glory of God. Riad again Tf 33.. i. Rejoyte in the Lord O ye Righteous, for traife is comely for the Vpri^t. And then V. 2. He (hews them iri what manner they (hould Traif Flim, viz. Traife the Lord with
Harpj

^'
_

27 1 Mu/icJ^s Myftical^md Contemplathe Van.

andanlnjlrumentofio SkilfMy teith a Loud Voice : And then in the whole Tfalm through, he gives the Reafins for fo doing, as fo many Strong Arguments j which will be well worth your Reading, and Noting. Again Tf.^j.O Clap your Hand^ together allyeTeopk, Shout unto
5

Harp-f Sing tmto I^im with the Tfaltefy

Striitgs,V. 3. SiKg unto

Bim

New Song^Tlay

HifH with the Voice ofTrumpetr^

1;^
Note weii.

The Reajons again

follow,

till

K 6.

where It is Thu s^Sing Traifes unto God^Sin^raiJes'-^SingTraifes nnf^ q^^. King.Sing Traijes :Thus 4 Times in This Short Verfe It is R.epeated^and as if It were notfufficient, He ftill Adds in the jth.V.
For God is

Kmg ofAll the Eartk-^Sing ye Traifes with underjianding: Again Tf.66.Make a Joyful Noije tmto God':,Sing forth the Honour of His Name--, Make His Traifi Glorious, V. 4. Jll the Earth fjjall Iforpip Thee^andpall Sing unto TheeXheyflmll Sing unto Thy Name. Again yyT 81. Sing loud unto God Our Strength, mah^ a Joyful Noife unto the God (9/ Jacob, Takg ^Pfalm, and bring hither the Timbrel--) the Tleafant Harp, with the Tfaltery-, Blow up the Trumpet in the New Moon, in the Time Appointed, on Our Solem Feafi Day ; For This is a Statute, for Ifirael, and a. Law of the God <?/ Jacob. -^ Mark ye That 5 1 1 is a Z aw. Again y/92. Tt isa GoodThing to Sing Traifes unto the Name of the Mofi hJigh, V. 3. Vpon an Injirument of 10 Strings, with the Tfiltcry and Harp ; with a Solemn Sound. Thus is the Ferventnefs, anAGreat 'Devotion o^ This Good Man And to This Purpofe, He may be Trac'd, almoft of God, Seen, quite through His Whole Zz/t'^asby Abundance of Places more I might Injiance in 5 which I fuppole needlefs at This Time. ^^^ ^'^^^^ Mujtck^ a Low Inferiour Defpi cable Thing, as moft of An imde niabie Argument, the Great Zedlots oi this Our .Age, on the One Hand do EBeem ^"' 1^5 An^ the Abufers,ot Sleighters of It on the 0/Aer,caure It fo to be fickK ^ thought,by theirProphanation,oriVeg/f^ of It3Certainly,(7>&;/yroValuable. phetical King ) was (bme Silly-Conceited-ldle-Headed-JntoxicatedBrainfick:JnthuJiafi ; or one that ftands in Scripture-Story, for a meer Fixion, or a Lye'-, (and the Scripf>-^ It ftlf muft needs be judg'd the Same,') or elfe They do not believe That Bookj, fome of Thefe Confequences muft needs follow ; or elfe, moft afluredly, Myfck^ is ( as Ever It muft, and ought to be Efieemed') a Thing and of Principal Regard, and Vfe, in the Church, ofHigh Value God. ' And the which, ( from what has been aland Service of * ready (aid,or from whatfoever to the contrary can be faid,againft ' It, by the Teevifmefs, and Ignorance of the Worfioflts Enemies) ' will beaLaJiing Monument, and a Glorious,and the Moji Becom* ing Ornament,iov the Tureji of Divine Souls,and the MoH Wer' ' thy Worthies in Divinity, and in Gods True Church.

'

JX^^^'^
langusgeof
Eteraitv.

fubjed toBelieve,(if inEternity we fliall make ufe of ftiall not underftand One Another,hy fome More ' Spiritual Conveyances, or Infufions of perceptions, than by Verbal ' Language')That MufckCTt Self)mayheThatEternal,andCwleftial AUelujah, AUelufah, AUelujah. ''Language.
'

And I am

any

L anguage,ox

Fl 3^

IS.

ini

II

:W"

'^

llwfil

'

*^M

11

>;

'

HI;

'