GV: L Hoi Long 1

Fuzzy logic
Phn 2
GV: L Hoi Long 2
Fuzzy?
Nhng hnh di y c mu g?
GV: L Hoi Long 3
Fuzzy?
Cc c gi p?
GV: L Hoi Long 4
Fuzzy?
Ti v bn, ai cao?
GV: L Hoi Long 5
Fuzzy logic
Khi nim v fuzzy logic c thai nghn
bi gio s Lotfi Zadeh ca i hc UC
Berkeley vo nm 1965
Cho php gii quyt vn thng tin
khng chnh xc (imprecision) hay khng
chc chn (uncertain)
L thuyt fuzzy cung cp mt c ch x l
cc thng tin c tnh ngn ng (linguistic)
nh l nhiu, thp, trung bnh, rt
Cung cp mt cu trc suy lun tng t
nh kh nng lp lun ca con ngi.
GV: L Hoi Long 6
S chnh xc c chnh xc?
Precision is not truth (Henri Matisse)
Sometimes the more measurable
drives out the most important (Rene
Dubos)
So far as the laws of mathematics
refer to reality, they are not certain.
And so far as they are certain, they
do not refer to reality (Albert
Einstein)
GV: L Hoi Long 7
Fuzzy logic
L lun chnh xc ch l mt trng hp gii
hn ca l lun xp x (approximate
reasoning)
Mi th ch l vn ca mc (matter of
degree)
Kin thc ch l mt tp hp ca cc rng
buc m c tnh n hi trn mt tp hp
cc bin
Suy lun ch l mt qu trnh lan truyn
ca cc rng buc n hi
Bt c mt h lun l (logic) no cng c
th lm m (fuzzify)
GV: L Hoi Long 8
Fuzzy set
Gi X l mt tp khng rng
(nonempty set)
Mt tp fuzzy A trong X c c
trng bi mt hm thnh vin
(membership function)
A
(hay l A)
] 1 , 0 [ : X
A

GV: L Hoi Long 9

Fuzzy set
V d: Nu gi chiu cao t 1,7m l
cao trong tp crisp (cng nhc), tp
fuzzy ca ngi c coi l cao c
c trng bi hm thnh vin nh
sau
1,5 1,7
1
0

Chiu cao
GV: L Hoi Long 10
Bi tp 1
Vi iu kin no c chp nhn,
hy v hm thnh vin ca tp fuzzy
th hin gi bn mt xe t l r
1
0

Gi tin
GV: L Hoi Long 11
Fuzzy set
Nu X={x1, x2,,xn} l mt tp hu
hn (finite) v A l mt tp fuzzy,
chng ta c th s dng k hiu sau
trnh by:

i
/x
i
th hin mc thnh vin ca x
i
trong tp fuzzy A
n n
x x x A / ... / /
2 2 1 1
+ + + =
GV: L Hoi Long 12
Fuzzy set
V d nu ta c X={-2,-1,0,1,2,3} v
A l mt tp fuzzy c th trnh by
nh sau:
4 / 0 . 0 3 / 0 . 0 2 / 6 . 0 1 / 0 . 1 0 / 6 . 0 1 / 3 . 0 2 / 0 . 0 + + + + + + = A
?
GV: L Hoi Long 13
Mt s khi nim trong l thuyt
fuzzy
Support
o-cut
Tp fuzzy li (convex)
Tp fuzzy thng (normal)
S fuzzy
GV: L Hoi Long 14
Support ca tp fuzzy
Gi A l mt tp fuzzy thuc X, support
ca A (k hiu supp(A)) l mt tp con
cng (crisp) ca X sao cho:
} 0 ) ( { ) > e = x A X x A supp(
x1 x2
1
0

A
.......... .......... ) = A supp(
GV: L Hoi Long 15
o-cut
L mt tp phi fuzzy (k hiu l [A]
o
)
c nh ngha nh sau:
cl(supp(A)) l khong ng ca supp(A)
| |

=
> > e
=
0 if supp(A)
0 if
o
o o
o
) (
} ) ( {
cl
t A X t
A
GV: L Hoi Long 16
Bi tp 2
Hy tm o-cut (0<os0.3; 0.3<os0.6;
0.6<os1) nu ta c X={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}
v A l mt tp fuzzy nh sau:
Hy tm o-cut ti o =0.5
4 / 0 . 0 3 / 0 . 0 2 / 6 . 0 1 / 0 . 1 0 / 6 . 0 1 / 3 . 0 2 / 0 . 0 + + + + + + = A
1,5 1,7
1
0

Chiu cao
GV: L Hoi Long 17
Convex fuzzy set
Mt tp fuzzy A thuc X c gi l
li nu cc tp con mc o (o-level)
l mt tp li ca X o e[0,1]
GV: L Hoi Long 18
Tp Fuzzy thng
Mt tp fuzzy c gi l thng
(normal) nu tn ti gi tr xeX sao
cho A(x) = 1.
GV: L Hoi Long 19
Fuzzy number
Mt s fuzzy A l mt tp fuzzy vi
hm thnh vin lin tc, li v thng
GV: L Hoi Long 20
Fuzzy number
GV: L Hoi Long 21
S fuzzy tam gic

+ s s

s s

=
otherwise
a t a if
a t - a if
0
1
1
) (
|
o
t a
t a
t A
o-cut ti o=0.5?
GV: L Hoi Long 22
S fuzzy hnh thang

+ s s

s s
s s

=
othewise
b t b if
b t a if
a t - a if
0
1
1
1
) (
|
o
t a
t a
t A
o-cut ti o=0.5?
GV: L Hoi Long 23
Cc s fuzzy khc
S fuzzy dng tam gic v hnh thang
hay c s dng.
Cc s fuzzy khc u c th s dng
trong cc trng hp ph hp khc
Bell
Gaussian
Sigmoid

GV: L Hoi Long 24
Mt s php logic thng s dng
vi s fuzzy
Php giao (intersection)
Php hp (union)
Php ly phn b (complement -
negation)
GV: L Hoi Long 25
Php giao 2 s fuzzy
Giao ca 2 s fuzzy A v B c nh
ngha nh sau:
X t all for e . =
=
) ( ) (
)} ( ), ( min{ ) )( (
t B t A
t B t A t B A
GV: L Hoi Long 26
Php hp 2 s fuzzy
Hp ca 2 s fuzzy A v B c nh
ngha nh sau:
X t all for e v =
=
) ( ) (
)} ( ), ( max{ ) )( (
t B t A
t B t A t B A
GV: L Hoi Long 27
Php b ca s fuzzy
Phn b ca tp fuzzy c nh
ngha nh sau (-A hoc ):
) ( 1 ) )( ( t A t A =
? ......... ) (
? ......... ) (
=
=
A A
A A
GV: L Hoi Long 28
Tnh cht ca fuzzy set
Tnh giao hon (commutativity)
Tnh kt hp (associativity)
Tnh phn phi (Distributivity)
Tnh hon nguyn (Idempotency)
Tnh ng nht (Identity)
Tnh bc cu (Transitivity)
Tnh cun (Involution)
GV: L Hoi Long 29
Tnh cht ca fuzzy set
Tnh giao hon (commutativity)
Tnh kt hp (associativity)
Tnh phn phi (Distributivity)
A B B A
A B B A
=
=
C B A C B A
C B A C B A
=
=
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) ( ) ( ) (
) ( ) ( ) (
C A B A C B A
C A B A C B A
=
=
GV: L Hoi Long 30
Tnh cht ca fuzzy set
Tnh hon nguyn (Idempotency)
Tnh ng nht (Identity)
Tnh bc cu (Transitivity)
Tnh cun (Involution)
A A A A A A = = and
X X A A
A X A A A
= =
= =
and
and
| |
|
C A C B A c c c then if
A A = )) ( (
GV: L Hoi Long 31
Luyn tp
)
`

+ + + + =
)
`

+ + + + =
6
3 . 0
5
7 . 0
4
4 . 0
3
8 . 0
2
5 . 0
6
6 . 0
5
2 . 0
4
6 . 0
3
5 . 0
2
1
B
A
Tm phn b ca A v B v giao ca A v B
)
`

=
)
`

=
)
`

=
B A
B
A
GV: L Hoi Long 32
Extension principle
Ta c mt tp fuzzy A trn X v
y=f(.) l mt hm s nh x t X qua
Y.
Lc ny nh ca A trn Y qua php
nh x f(.) l tp fuzzy B c dng:
n
n
x
x
x
x
x
x
A
) (
...
) ( ) (
2
2
1
1

+ + + =
n
n
y
x
y
x
y
x
A f B
) (
...
) ( ) (
) (
2
2
1
1

+ + + = =
GV: L Hoi Long 33
Extension principle
Nh vy tp fuzzy kt qu B c th
c xc nh thng qua cc gi tr ca
f(x
i
)
Nu f(.) l mt hm nh x many-to-
one th s tn ti gi tr x
m
, x
n
thuc X
sao cho f(x
n
)=f(x
m
)=y, y thuc Y. Lc
ny gi tr hm thnh vin ca tp B s
l gi tr ln nht ca (
A
(x
n
),
A
(x
m
))
) ( max ) (
) (
1
x y
A
y f x
B


=
=
GV: L Hoi Long 34
Extension principle
V d: hy tm nh x ca A qua
f(x)=x
2
- 3
2
3 . 0
1
9 . 0
0
8 . 0
1
4 . 0
2
1 . 0
+ + +

= A
GV: L Hoi Long 35
Extension principle
Nu hm f l mt nh x t khng gian
n chiu X
1
X
2
X
n
ti khng gian Y
sao cho y=f(x
1
,x
2
,,x
i
) v A
1
,A
2
, , A
n
l n tp fuzzy trong X
1
, X
2
, , X
n
. Tp
fuzzy B l kt qu ca nh x f c
nh ngha bi:
| |

=
=
=

=
|
|

) ( , 0
) ( , ) ( min max
) (
) ( ) ,..., , ( ), ,..., , (
1
2 1 2 1
y
y x
y
i A i
y f x x x x x x
B
i
n n
1 -
1 -
f if
f if
GV: L Hoi Long 36
Php tng hp (composition)
C 2 php tng hp:
Max-min composition
Max-product composition
Php max-min c s dng rng ri
nhng v mt s cc kh khn trong
phn tch nn max-product l php
tng hp c xut s dng nh
mt php thay th
GV: L Hoi Long 37
Max-min composition (sup min)
Gi R
1
l quan h gia nhng thnh
phn t X n Y. Gi R
2
l quan h
gia nhng thnh phn t Y n Z.
Max-min composition ca R
1
v R
2
c nh ngha
| |
| | ) , ( ) , (
) , ( ), , ( min max ) , (
2 1
2 1 2 1
z y y x
z y y x z x
R R y
R R
y
R R


. v =
=

GV: L Hoi Long 38

Max-product composition
Gi R
1
l quan h gia nhng thnh
phn t X n Y. Gi R
2
l quan h
gia nhng thnh phn t Y n Z.
Max-product composition ca R
1
v
R
2
c nh ngha
| |
| | ) , ( ) , (
) , ( ), , ( max ) , (
2 1
2 1 2 1
z y y x
z y y x z x
R R y
R R
y
R R


- v =
=

GV: L Hoi Long 39

Quan h fuzzy (fuzzy relation)
Quan h fuzzy (fuzzy relation) l cc tp
con fuzzy ca XY, X+Y, nh x t X
n Y thng qua Cartesian product ca X
v Y. Mt quan h fuzzy R ang nh x t
khng gian Cartesian XY n on [0,1]
vi cng (strength) nh x c th
hin bi hm thnh vin ca quan h .
Cng thc sau din t quan h fuzzy trn
XY :
( ) { } Y X y x y x y x R
R
e = ) , ( ) , ( ), , (
GV: L Hoi Long 40
Quan h fuzzy
V d mt s cc quan h fuzzy:
x gn bng y (nu x v y l con s)
x ph thuc vo y (nu x, y l cc s
kin)
x tng ng y
Nu x bng (l) tnh cht 1, th y l tnh
cht 2 (lut if then)

GV: L Hoi Long 41
Bi tp 3
Nu ta c nhit phng (A) c 3 mc
nhit ln lt x={x1,x2,x3} v
tng ng l tnh trng iu chnh my
iu ha nhit (B) y={y1,y2}, trnh
by mi quan h fuzzy ca nhit -
tnh trng iu ha
2
8 . 0
1
5 . 0
3
1 . 0
2
7 . 0
1
4 . 0
y y
B
x x x
A
+ =
+ + =
GV: L Hoi Long 42
Php tng hp quan h fuzzy
Nu c 2 hay nhiu cc quan h fuzzy
R1=XY, R2=YZ, v chng ta cn
tng hp chng. Lc ny cc php
tng hp Max-min v Max-product s
c s dng
V d chng ta c quan h gia nhit
v tnh trng my iu ha v
quan h tnh trng my v tin in
phi tr, v chng ta mun tng hp
2 quan h ny
GV: L Hoi Long 43
Bi tp 4
V d chng ta c quan h R1 gia
nhit -tnh trng my (v d trn)
v quan h R2 gia tnh trng my-
tin in tr (C), hy tm kt qu ca
tng hp 2 mi quan h ny (nhit
-tin in) (c Max-min v Max-
product)
2
8 . 0
1
4 . 0
z z
C + =
GV: L Hoi Long 44
Tnh ton s vi s fuzzy
Bn php tnh c bn vi s fuzzy
Php cng (addition)
Php tr (subtraction)
Php chia (division)
Php nhn (multiplication)
Gi s chng ta c 2 s fuzzy A v B,
cc kt qu ca 4 php ton gia
chng c th c nh ngha theo
cc cng thc
GV: L Hoi Long 45
Tnh ton s vi s fuzzy
Php cng (addition) fuzzy:
Php tr (subtraction) fuzzy
Php nhn fuzzy
Php chia fuzzy
| | ) ( ), ( min max ) )( ( y B x A z B A
y x z + =
= +
| | ) ( ), ( min max ) )( ( y B x A z B A
y x z =
=
| | ) ( ), ( min max ) )( ( y B x A z B A
y x z =
=
| | ) ( ), ( min max ) )( / (
/
y B x A z B A
y x z=
=
GV: L Hoi Long 46
Php ton vi s fuzzy hnh thang
Nu ta c 2 s fuzzy hnh thang
(trapezoidal) c nh ngha nh slide
phn u v c dng di (a1,b1>0)
A=(a1,a2,a3,a4) v B=(b1,b2,b3,b4)
A+B=(a1+b1,a2+b2,a3+b3,a4+b4)
A-B=(a1-b4,a2-b3,a3-b2,a4-b1)
AB=(a1b1,a2b2,a3b3,a4b4)
A/B=(a1/b4,a2/b3,a3/b2,a4/b1)

<
>
=
0 k if
0 k if
) ,ka ,ka ,ka (ka
ka ka ka ka
A k
1 2 3 4
) 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 (
GV: L Hoi Long 47
Bi tp 5
Tnh ton cc php +,-,*,/ cho 2 s
fuzzy c dng A=(1,2,3,4) v
B=(3,4,5,6)
Hai s fuzzy c dng A=(2,3,4,5) v
B=(3,4,5)
GV: L Hoi Long 48
Php ton vi s fuzzy
Cc cng thc tnh ton nhanh l g
nu:
Nu cc s fuzzy hnh thang slide
trc khng dng (a1,b1<0)?
Nu cc s fuzzy tam gic?
GV: L Hoi Long 49
Php ton vi s fuzzy
Chng ta c th da vo cc php
ton trn on ng [a,b] v [c,d]
nh sau:
[a,b]+[c,d]=[a+c,b+d]
[a,b]-[c,d]=[a-d, b-c]
[a,b]*[c,d]=[min(ac,ad,bc,bd),
max(ac,ad,bc,bd)
[a,b]/[c,d]=[a,b]*[1/d,1/c]
=[min(a/d,a/c,b/d,b/c),
max(a/d,a/c,b/d,b/c)
GV: L Hoi Long 50
Bi tp 6
Hy thit lp cng thc tnh ton cho
2 s fuzzy tam gic dng c dng
(a1,b1,c1) v (a2,b2,c2)
Hy tnh cc kt qu +,-,*,/ cho 2 s
fuzzy sau (-4,-2,0) v (-2,0,2)
GV: L Hoi Long 51
Php ly trung bnh (average)
Nu chng ta c n responses (A
i
-
fuzzy). Chng ta cn ly tr trung
bnh ca cc responses (A
av
). Cch
ly nh sau:
( )
n av
A A A
n
A + + + = ...
1
2 1
GV: L Hoi Long 52
Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)
m phng suy ngh ca con ngi
Tng hp thng tin v trnh by di
dng fuzzy
V d:
Tui = {tr, trung nin, gi}
Tui = {rt tr, tr, trung nin, gi, rt
gi}
Nhn nh = {khng chnh xc, tng
i, chnh xc}
Tc = {chm, nhanh, rt nhanh}
GV: L Hoi Long 53
Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)
V d nu chng ta c bin linguistic
v tui (T) nh sau:
Rt tr - T<15
Tr - 12sT<30
Trung nin - 25sT<50
Gi - 45sT<65
Rt gi T>60
GV: L Hoi Long 54
Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)
GV: L Hoi Long 55
Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)
Khi s dng bin ngn ng, chng ta
c th dng phng php khuch i
(intensify) cho ra cc nhn nh
khc t cc nhn nh fuzzy gc
V d: nhn nh gc gi, chng ta
c th dng cch khuch i tm
tng i gi, rt gi
GV: L Hoi Long 56
Khuch i
Khuch i c xem nh l th bin
i ca bin ngn ng ban u v
c nh ngha nh sau:
2 khuch i thng c s dng l
k=0.5 (gin n (dilation) v d: t
hn) v k=2 (c c (concentration)
v d: rt) (xem ti liu)
| | x x A
k
A
X
k
/ ) (
}
=
GV: L Hoi Long 57
Khuch i
V d: Nu chng ta c bin fuzzy ri
ro th chng ta c th tm c:
t ri ro = Dil(ri ro) (k=0.5)
rt ri ro = Con(ri ro) (k=2)
cc k ri ro = Con(Con(ri ro))
(k=2*2=4)
GV: L Hoi Long 58
Khuch i
V d: nhn nh gc gi, chng ta
c th dng cch khuch i tm
tng i gi, rt gi
GV: L Hoi Long 59
Lut fuzzy If-Then
Lut if-then hay cn gi l pht biu
c iu kin (conditional statement)
c dng nh sau:
If (x1 is A1)
and (x2 is A2)
and
then y is B
GV: L Hoi Long 60
Lut fuzzy If-Then
V d:
If (chm tr > 1 tun) then (pht = 20
triu )
If (ri ro = cao) then (quyt nh =
khng thc hin)

GV: L Hoi Long 61
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Thng qua mt lut c xc
nhn, chng ta c th rt ra mt kt
lun (conclusion) t mt s tht
(fact-truth) c ghi nhn.
V d:
Lut: c xc nh l nu im thi di
5 th kt qu nh gi l khng t.
S tht: mt hc vin t im thi soft-
computing di 5.
Kt lun: hc vin khng qua mn
GV: L Hoi Long 62
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
L lun:
Rule: if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact: x is A
Conclusion: y is B
M rng:
Rule: if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact: x is A
Conclusion: y is B
Nu A gn nh A, v B gn nh B
GV: L Hoi Long 63
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Mt s dng l lun:
Mt lut (rule) cng mt iu kin
(antecedent)
Mt lut gm nhiu iu kin
Nhiu lut v nhiu iu kin
GV: L Hoi Long 64
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Mt lut (rule) cng mt iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule: if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact: x is A
Conclusion: y is B
A B
B
A
x y
GV: L Hoi Long 65
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Mt lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule: if (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)
then (y is B)
Fact: x1 is A1 and x2 is A2
Conclusion: y is B
A B
B
A1
x1 y
A
A2
x2
min
GV: L Hoi Long 66
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Nhiu lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule: if (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)
then (y is B1)
and (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)
then (y is B2)
Fact: x1 is A1 and x2 is A2
Conclusion: y is B
GV: L Hoi Long 67
L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)
Nhiu lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
A1
B2
B2
x1 y
A2
x2
A1 B1
B1
A1
y
A2
A2
min
y
A1 A2
B
GV: L Hoi Long 68
Bi tp 7
Cho tp fuzzy hnh thang A=(1,2,3,4)
ca mt nh gi yu t ri ro v tp
fuzzy B=(1,2,3) ca hu qu ca mc
nh gi ri ro . Mt lut ni rng
nu ri ro l A th hu qu s l B.
Hy v minh ha quan h fuzzy cho ri
ro ny
Nu ri ro thc t c nh gi l
A=(1.5,2,3.5,4). Hy v minh ha hu
qu ca nh gi ri ro ny
GV: L Hoi Long 69
Bi tp 8
By gi hu qu trn l kt hp ca
mc nh gi yu t ri ro A v mc
nh gi ca yu t ri ro
A1=(2,3,4,5).
Hy v minh ha quan h fuzzy ny
Nu ri ro thc t c nh gi cho A l
A=(1.5,2,3.5,4) v A1=(2,3,4.5,5). Hy
v minh ha hu qu ca nh gi ri ro
ny
GV: L Hoi Long 70
Mt s m hnh suy lun fuzzy
(fuzzy inference model)
C 3 m hnh suy lun fuzzy thng
c cp:
Mamdanis
Sugenos
Tsukamotos
Cc m hnh ny khc nhau cch
x l u ra (then )
Trong qun l xy dng thng s
dng Mamdanis
GV: L Hoi Long 71
Mamdanis
M hnh Mamdanis c th c gi l
m hnh singleton output
membership function
Sau qu trnh x l vi fuzzy, c cc
tp fuzzy cho tng bin u ra m
chng ta cn phi gii m
c s dng rt rng ri
GV: L Hoi Long 72
Mamdanis
V d:
GV: L Hoi Long 73
Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Kt qu ca x l, tnh ton m bn
thn n m
Sau khi tnh ton v x l vi fuzzy
set, cng vic cui cng l phi ph
m kt qu cui cng c th s
dng n
Kt qu gii m l a ra mt con s
trn tp crisp
GV: L Hoi Long 74
Mt s phng php gii m
Smallest of Max
Largest of Max
Mean of Max
Centroid of Area (Center of mass -
gravity)
Bisector of Area

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
GV: L Hoi Long 75
Smallest of Max: l gi tr nh nht
ca cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin
ln nht
Largest of Max: l gi tr ln nht ca
cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin ln
nht
y

SoM LoM
Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
GV: L Hoi Long 76
Mean of Max: l gi tr trung bnh ca
cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin ln
nht
y

MoM
Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
GV: L Hoi Long 77
Bisector of Area: l gi tr ti din
tch c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau
Centroid of Area: l v tr tm trng
trng tm qun tnh(??) (gravity)
ca phn cn gii m (thng s
dng)
y

BoA CoA
Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
GV: L Hoi Long 78
Bi tp 9
Hy ph m kt qu bi tp 7 v 8
phn trc
GV: L Hoi Long 79
Cc bc trin khai m hnh
Mamdanis
1. Xc nh tp hp lut fuzzy
2. Fuzzy ha u vo s dng hm thnh
vin
3. X l cc thng tin u vo fuzzy
ha theo cc lut fuzzy
4. Xc nh kt qu (l cc output tng
ng) ca cc lut fuzzy
5. Thng tin input mi => xc nh hnh
dng ca phn phi output tng ng
6. Tin hnh ph m
GV: L Hoi Long 80
Sugenos
Cn gi l m hnh Takagi-Sugeno
Lut c bn ca m hnh:
IF x is A and y is B THEN z=f(x,y)
Trong f(.) l hm crisp
GV: L Hoi Long 81
Sugenos
Hm f(.) c th c nhiu bc:
Bc 0 (zero-order)
f(x,y) = C
Bc 1 (first order)
f(x,y) = ax+by+C
(Rt t khi s dng)
GV: L Hoi Long 82
Sugenos
Mi lut trong m hnh s c 1 u ra
l crisp
Kt qu u ra cui cng l bnh qun
trng s (weighted average) ca cc
u ra ca cc lut
Trng s l kt qu ca ton t p
dng ln cc hm thnh vin ca lut
IF
GV: L Hoi Long 83
Sugenos
Nguyn l ca m hnh Sugenos
GV: L Hoi Long 84
Sugenos (v d)
GV: L Hoi Long 85
Sugenos (v d)
M hnh singleinput
M hnh 2-input single-output

=
+ =
+ =
2 - x y THEN large is x IF
4 -0.5x y THEN medium is x IF
6.4 0.1x y THEN small is IFx

+ + =
+ =
+ =
+ + =
2 y x z THEN large is y AND large is x IF
3 x z THEN small is y AND large is x IF
3 -y z THEN large is y AND small is x IF
1 y x z THEN small is y AND small is IFx
GV: L Hoi Long 86
Bi tp 10
Hy v minh ha m hnh Sugenos
cho m hnh single-input slide
trc. Hy t thm cc thng tin cn
thit.
Hy v minh ha m hnh Sugenos
cho m hnh 2-input single-output
slide trc. Hy t thm cc thng tin
cn thit.
GV: L Hoi Long 87
Tsukamotos
Tp fuzzy ca pht biu THEN c i din
bi mt hm thnh vin n iu
Mi lut trong m hnh s c 1 u ra l
crisp l gi tr ca hm thnh vin
Kt qu u ra cui cng l bnh qun
trng s (weighted average) ca cc u ra
ca cc lut
Trng s l kt qu ca ton t p dng ln
cc hm thnh vin ca lut IF
t c s dng
GV: L Hoi Long 88
Tsukamotos
V d: 2-input single-output
x

y
x
y
z
z
w1
w2
z1
z2
2 1
2 2 1 1
w w
z w z w
z
+
+
=
A1 B1
A2 B2
C1
C2
GV: L Hoi Long 89
So snh 2 m hnh Mamdanis v
Sugenos
S khc nhau c bn l hm thnh
vin u ra ca Sugenos c th l
tuyn tnh hay hng s
Kt qu ca lut fuzzy cng nh cch
tng hp v ph m ca tng m
hnh khc nhau
Mamdanis d thc hin hn

GV: L Hoi Long 90
Thun li ca m hnh Mamdanis
Trc quan
c ng dng rng ri
Rt ph hp khi s dng d liu do
dnh gi ca ca con ngi
GV: L Hoi Long 91
Thun li ca m hnh Sugenos
Hu hiu trong tnh ton
Rt ph hp vi cc m hnh c tnh
tuyn tnh
Ph hp vi cc k thut ti u v
thch nghi
m bo tnh lin tc ca khng gian
u ra
Ph hp vi phn tch ton hc
GV: L Hoi Long 92
Ti sao li s dng fuzzy
Kh d hiu v mt khi nim
Kh mm do
X l tt nhng thng tin khng chnh
xc
C th m hnh cc hm s c tnh
phi tuyn
GV: L Hoi Long 93
Ti sao li s dng fuzzy
M hnh tt cc thng tin kinh nghim
p dng kt hp vi cc k thut iu
khin truyn thng
Da trn ngn ng mang tnh t
nhin, giao tip ca con ngi
GV: L Hoi Long 94
Khi no khng nn s dng fuzzy
Fuzzy khng phi l mt v thn vn
nng
i khi nhng cch hay phng php
x l n gin hiu qu hn
i khi vic thit lp nhng nh x t
khng gian u vo n khng gian
u ra gp kh khn => chn cch
khc
GV: L Hoi Long 95
S tng t gia fuzzy v ANN
c tnh cc hm s t d liu mu
Khng yu cu m hnh ton
L mt h ng
Chuyn cc u vo s thnh cc u ra s
X l thng tin khng chnh xc
Cng khng gian trng thi
To ra cc tn hiu b chn
Hot ng nh mt b nh c tnh lin kt

GV: L Hoi Long 96
S khc nhau gia fuzzy v ANN
Fuzzy s dng kin thc t tm ti
to nn cc lut v lm cho chng
ph hp s dng d liu mu
ANN to nn cc lut da hon ton
trn d liu mu
GV: L Hoi Long 97
Chc thnh cng