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m
= maximum specific growth rate
X = micro organism concentration
S = substrate concentration
K
s
= substrate concentration at one half the maximum growth rate
Similarly, rate of substrate utilization,
dS = k X S
dt K
s
+ S
where,
k = maximum specific substrate utilization rate
Maintenance as Endogenous Respiration
Net growth rate of micro organisms is computed by subtracting from the
total growth rate, the rate of micro organisms endogenously decayed to
satisfy maintenance energy requirement. Therefore,
Net rate of microbial growth =
m
X S k
d
X
K
s
+ S
where,
k
d
= endogenous decay coefficient
Growth Yield
Growth yield is defined as the incremental increase in biomass which results
from the utilization of the incremental amount of substrate. The maximum
specific growth rate is given by:
m
=Y.k
where, Y is the maximum yield coefficient and is defined as the ratio of
maximum mass of cells formed to the mass of substrate utilized. The
coefficients Y, k
d
, k and K
s
are designated as kinetic coefficients. The values
of kinetic coefficients depend upon the nature of wastewater and operational
and environmental conditions in biological reactor. The biological reactors
can be completely mixed flow or plug flow reactor with or without recycle.
.