Building Energy Consumption in China

Chengying Qi & Xiuqin Ma

June 2012, Manila

Why Energy Efficiency and Renewable in Building Area?

High growth rate in urbanization

High growth rate in building heating Renewable energy technologies Environment constraint

GHG Emissions in Building Area

Speed of Urbanization in China

(source: China statistic yearbook)

Urbani zat i on Rat e f rom 1994 t o 2011

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Year

Growth Rate of Buildings in Urban

(source: China statistic yearbook)

i M l l i on Sq. m

2000 1500 1000 500 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Bui l di ngs com et ed pl R dent i al bui l di ngs esi

Building Climate Map of China

Energy consumption in rural areas (Northern China)

kg standard coal/(m2 .a) 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 0.00
9.45 37.46 34.97 33.43 32.34 28.85 22.93 22.36 19.75 18.69 16.46 16.36 15.8 15.38

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Energy consumption in rural areas (Southern China)

kg standard coal/(m .a) 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 0.00 Sichuan Anhui Jiangxi Hunan Zhejiang Hubei Jiangsu Shanghai 12.53 9.34 9.13 8.48 5.77 5.76 5.51 25.82
2

Proportion of Energy Consumption for all Kinds of Building

19% 23% 18%

25% 2% 12% 1%

Northern City heating HSCW City heating Northern rural heating HSCW rural heating City residential Rural Public

Case Study of Reforming District Heating System Around the University

40 inefficient coal-burning boilers in the 18 heating plants, 308MW Heating Areas: 44.2 million m2
5 high efficient boilers--350MW Heating Area:44.2+36.4million m2

Before the reforming The heat of coal boiler, TJ 2907.1 121836.9 275004.8 40.5 119.9 881.4 5569.7 11330.8 5098.9

After the reforming 2361.9 98992.5 223441.4 32.9 97.4 716.1 4525.4 9206.3 4142.8

Emission reduction 545.1 22844.4 51563.4 7.6 22.5 165.3 1044.3 2124.5 956.1

The amount of consuming coal, t

CO2, t Soot, t SO2, t NOX, t CO, t Boiler slag, t Coal ash, t

Economic Analysis
1.High efficiency coal-fired boiler Investment IRR IPP
2.Ground resource heat pump Investment IRR IPP

Barriers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Renewable energy-high pre-investment Low of awareness of environment Financing Barrier Lack of new technologies. Lack of education

Suggestions
1. 2. 3. 4. CERs in CDM? ERs in national carbon market? Government supports? Local government supports?

Hebei University of Technology

Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering is engaged in building energy conservation, renewable and new energy development, clean development mechanism, atmospheric cleaning and waste treatment technologies and etc.
1. 5000m2 Engineering Experimental Building 2. The Experimental Building is heating and cooling by underground resource heat pump 3. Wind Power 4. Solar Power

Thanks
Hebei University of Technology, P.R China www.hebut.edu.cn qicy@hebut.edu.cn