BE, DO, HAVE (auxiliary verbs vs. main verbs) tense present simple auxiliary main I am an astronaut.

She is hungry. They are together. -

present continuous I am cleaning the house. He is playing football. They are running away. present perfect -

I have been an astronaut. She has been hungry. They have been together. -

present perfect I have been cleaning the house. continuous He has been playing football. They have been running away. past simple BE -

I was an astronaut. She was hungry. They were together. -

past continuous I was cleaning the house. He was playing football. They were running away. future -

I will be an astronaut. She will be hungry. They will be together. -

future continuous I will be cleaning the house. He will be playing football. They will be running away. passive The house is / was / will be built. The houses are / were / will be built.

present simple I do not speak to John. She does not speak to John. Do you speak to John? Does she speak to John? present continuous -

I do a lot of exercise. She does an English course. They do the housework.

I am doing a lot of exercise. She is doing an English course. They are doing the housework. I have done a lot of exercise. She has done an English course. They have done the housework. I have been doing a lot of exercise. She has been doing her homework. They have been doing the housework. I did a lot of exercise. She did an English course. They did the housework.

present perfect

present perfect continuous

DO

past simple I did not speak to John. She did not speak to John. Did you speak to John? Did she speak to John? past continuous -

I was doing a lot of exercise. She was doing an English course. They were doing the housework. I will do a lot of exercise. She will do an English course. They will do the housework. I will be doing a lot of exercise. She will be doing an English course. They will be doing the housework. The work is / was / will be done.

future

future continuous

passive

present simple

I have a dog. She has two brothers. They have a bog house. I am having a shower. She is having breakfast. They are having a great time. I have had a shower. She has had breakfast. They have had a great time. I have been having a shower. She has been having breakfast. They have been having a great time. I had a dog. She had her breakfast. They had a great time. I was having a shower. She was having her breakfast. They were having a great time. I will have a dog. She will have lunch. They will have a great time. I will be having a shower. She will be having lunch. They will be having a party. -

present continuous

present perfect I have written a letter. She has finished the homework. They have sent a complaint. present perfect I have been writing a letter. continuous She has been reading a book. They have been complaining.

past simple HAVE

past continuous

future

future continuous

passive I have / had been told. It has / had been done.

Is the bold verb an auxiliary or a full verb? 1. Dad is working in the garden. 2. We do the shopping once a week. 3. These students never have classes on Fridays. 4. What do you do for a living? 5. The kids were dancing to the music. 6. Did you see him? 7. The door is closed. 8. Where have you been? 9. My parents are on holiday. 10. I had just finished my breakfast when the phone rang. Complete each sentence with the correct auxiliary verb. 1. The train _________ just arrived. 2. _________ you understand? 3. They _________ been learning English for two years. 4. _________you heard that? 5. My uncle _________ not eat fish. 6. I _________ not live here. 7. _________ anybody rung up for me? 8. She _________ not play the piano. 9. How _________ we get there? 10. Where _________ he live? 11. _________ you usually send postcards home when you are on holiday? 12. I _________ not working today. 13. _________ she given you the book yet? 14. The boy _________ playing with his toys. 15. I _________ not seen that film yet. 16. Who _________ told you to do this? 17. Where _________ he go to school? 18. What _________ you doing at the moment? 19. Amy _________ not go by bus very often. 20. Marc _________ never travelled by plane before. 21. What _________ you do last Friday? 22. When her father came home, she _________ talking on the phone. 23. When I arrived at the party, Jane _________ already gone home. 24. Where _________ you born? 25. I was tired in the morning because I _________ not slept very well the night before. 26. He _________ not tell me the truth. 27. The street _________ closed because of an accident. 28. Where _________ you want to go? 29. When she _________ done her homework, she went out with her friends. 30. We _________ watching TV when the phone suddenly rang.