ENGLISH LEARNING EXPRESS

Most of the time, students are confused about the use of a noun, verb, adjective and adverb respectively. Here, some examples are demonstrated:

1) Noun
E.g. doctor, cow, cat, cake It acts either as a subject or an object in a sentence. As a subject, it performs an action; as an object, it is affected by the action of a verb Examples: - Doctors treat patients. (Doctors = subject; patients = object) - A cow eats grass. (cow = subject; grass = object) - *The naughty kid beat the cat. (kid = subject; cat = object) - **The cat was beaten by the naughty kid. (cat = object; kid = subject) - The cake is delicious. (cake = subject) * It is an active sentence. ** It is a passive sentence.

2) Verb
E.g. play, wash, study It is an action. Examples: They play football at the field everyday. My sister always washes the plates after having her meal. Max seldom studies.

3) Adjective
E.g. beautiful, lazy, tasty It is used to describe an object. Examples: Kara DioGuardi is a beautiful lady. Ali is a lazy guy. The chow mein is tasty.

4) Adverb
E.g. beautifully, lazily, lately, always It is a word that adds more information about a place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase, or another adverb. Examples: - Susan Boyle has sung the song I dreamed a dream beautifully. - He walked out of his bedroom, yawning lazily. - Lately, the weather is getting worse. - Adam always go to school by bus. The notes on the previous page are the basic things that every English learner must know to write

and speak well. Now, let us go into something serious about the use of a noun, verb, adjective, and adverb. Many words can be expressed in many forms. For instance, a word, which is initially a verb, can be derived to produce other forms like a noun, adjective, etc. They are known as the derivatives. Ensure you really understand the meanings of the words because they may have different meanings. Hence, use them correctly and appropriately. Some cases are shown below: Some words, which are initially adjectives, can be transformed into nouns and adverbs. Take the word happy: Happy (adjective) They are happy. Happiness (noun) They live in happiness. Happily (adverb) They live happily. Some words which are initially verbs, can be transformed into nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Take the word confuse: Confuse (verb) His explanation confused me. Confusion (noun) His explanation has caused confusion. Confused (adjective) I was confused about his explanation. Confusing (adjective) His explanation was confusing. Confusingly (adverb) He explained it confusingly. Some words, which are initially verbs, can be nouns or be transformed into nouns. Take the word say: Say (verb) Close the door, I said to my brother. Say (noun) We have no say in the decision to sell the company. Saying (noun) Like the Chinese saying goes, if little money does not go out, big money will not come in, so many gamblers especially Chinese, tend to risk their little money for big money.