You are on page 1of 24

:

/ &
. 1221/97, V
-

: ,

. : ,
/

2003

1221 / 97

:
,
;


2000
.
30 , 10
. (. 1).

1. .

(.1)
(. 2-5).
10
Hoffman (Standard) .
8 Hoffman (Standard)

.
.

2. .

3. 10

4. 8

5. 9




Standard. 9
2 .


.



.

-


8 10
Hoffman (Standard) 9
.

Hoffman (Standard)


.



.


.
. 8
10
( , )
.

2.

8
,
. 10
,
.

, ,
.



.

,
(. 6-10 ).

, 3 5
. 6 ,
,
, 7 ,

.
9
, .


.

1.

10



(6
)


, . 2003. .
17(1):35-37.
, .. 1971. . . , . 452.
, .. 1996. .
. , , . 263.

Crane, E. 1990. Bees and Beekeeping: Science Practice, and World


Resources. Cornell University Press, Ithaca New York. 614 pp.
Graham, J.M. (ed) 1992. The Hive and Honey Bee. Dadan & Sons, Inc.
Hamilton Illinois. 1324 pp.
Morse, R. A. and K. Flottum (eds) 1990. The ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture.
40th edition. The A. I. Root Co. Medina, Ohio. 516 pp.
Morse,R. A. and T. Hooper (eds) 1985. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of
Beekeeping. E.P. Dutton, Inc., New York. 432 pp.

Mussen, E.C. 1980. Beehive California Plan. Division of Agricultural


Sciences, University of California, Leaflet 2363.

.


8 10
Hoffman (Standard) .
Langstroth

.

.

.

Langstroth 10


.

.

,
(6-9 ).

()
( , ,

..).

.

6. Langstroth
.

7. Langstroth
.

8. .

9.
.

10.
.

11.
.

12.
.

13. Hoffman .

14.
Hoffman.

15. Hoffman
.

16.
.
.

17.
.

18. .

19.
. .

2. ,
, .

(Co)

10

10

10

34,8

34,4

34,2

32,1

32,1

32,5

31,2

32,3

31,5

36,6

35,7

38,3

40,1

44,4

43,4

44,9

50,7

52,4

32,3

33,2

31,1

24,8

25,2

26,3

21,3

22,9

19,4

3. ,
.

(RH%)

10 9
8

10
9
8

39,3

22,7

40,2

46,6

46,3

49,0

63,9
24,2

22,8
22,6

61,9
22,1

77,9
21,8

80,9
21,2

73,9
21,3

1488

48

(*C)

40
38
36

10
9
8

34
32

08/09/02

08/07/02

08/04/02

08/02/02

07/30/02

07/27/02

07/25/02

07/22/02

07/19/02

07/17/02

07/14/02

07/12/02

30

(
)
6.
2002

10
9
8

07/12/02
07/14/02
07/16/02
07/19/02
07/21/02
07/24/02
07/26/02
07/29/02
07/31/02
08/02/02
08/05/02
08/07/02
08/10/02

(*C)

48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20


(
)
7.


2002


10

07/12/02
07/14/02
07/16/02
07/18/02
07/20/02
07/22/02
07/25/02
07/27/02
07/29/02
07/31/02
08/02/02
08/04/02
08/07/02
08/09/02
08/11/02

(*C)

55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15

( )
.
8
2002

10
9
8

07/12/02
07/14/02
07/17/02
07/19/02
07/22/02
07/24/02
07/27/02
07/29/02
08/01/02
08/03/02
08/06/02
08/08/02
08/11/02

(RH%)

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0


(
)
9.
2002.

(RH%)

100
80
60
40

10
9

20

07/12/02
07/14/02
07/16/02
07/18/02
07/20/02
07/22/02
07/24/02
07/27/02
07/29/02
07/31/02
08/02/02
08/04/02
08/06/02
08/08/02
08/11/02

(
)
10.


2002.

You might also like