Research Question- How does the mass of Mg affects the

H in the reaction Mg+2HCl MgCl2 + H2.

Hypothesis- The increase in mass of Mg would probably increase the heat given out in this experiment. The rate is uncertain so as to predict the fashion in which the climb is going to occur but due to the increase in the molecules of Mg more reaction is going to occur thus in increasing the enthalpy change with every mass added. Variables Independent- Mass of Mg Dependent-Enthalpy change of the overall reaction Constant-Volume and concentration of HCl used -Atmospheric temperature and pressure Apparatus required Plastic Cup with its cover with a hole to slip the thermometer through Thermometer Small Crucible Electronic Weighing Scale Measuring cylinder

Chemicals Required Magnesium powder HCl

Procedure Step 1 Measure and take exactly 0.1 grams of Magnesium powder in a crucible. Step 2 Keep the Magnesium powder aside and take 10 cm3 of 2M HCl in a measuring cylinder Step 3 Pour the HCl in the plastic cup. Record its initial temperature with a thermometer Step 4 Now as you put the 0.1 grams of magnesium powder into the cup, close the plastic cup with the thermometer sliding through the hole of the cover. Make sure the bulb is placed correctly in the cup touching the liquid to sense the actual temperature of the ongoing exothermic reaction. Step 5 Record the rise in temperature of the reaction. Now repeat these steps using masses of 0.2g, 0.3g, 0.4g, 0.5g.

Raw Data Mass of Mg used (+/- 0.0001) Repetition 1 0.1g 0.2g 0.3g 0.4g 0.5g The initial temperature was 23C in all the cases. Qualitative Data (Observations) HCl was colorless and Magnesium turnings were dark grey in color. When the magnesium turnings were put in the HCl, the reaction quickly started and a gas was seen to be evolving. The more the mass of Magnesium used, the more intense the reaction was. 15 17 33 40 45 Rise in Temperature (C) (+/- 0.05) Repetition 2 Repetition 3 14 19 30 42 47

12 16 31 39 48

Processed Data

Mass of Mg used (+/- 0.0001) 0.1g 0.2g 0.3g 0.4g 0.5g

Rise in Temperature (C) (+/- 0.5) Repetition 1 Repetition 2 Repetition 3 15 14 12 17 19 16 33 30 31 40 42 39 45 47 48

Mean rise in temperature (C)

Measuring Error

13.66667 17.33333 31.33333 40.33333 46.66667

(+/- 0.0001)=3.658% (+/- 0.0001)=2.884% (+/- 0.0001)=1.595% (+/- 0.0001)=1.239% (+/- 0.0001)=1.071%

Mass of Mg used 0.10.0001=0.10.1% 0.20.0001=0.20.05% 0.30.0001=0.30.033% 0.40.0001=0.40.025%

Total Error for Mass of Mg used 0.1% 0.05% 0.33% 0.025%

0.50.0001=0.50.02% 0.02% So there are 2 sets or uncertainties for the data used but I shall be only incorporating

Plotted Data X axis Mass (+/- 0.0001) 0.1g 0.2g 0.3g 0.4g 0.5g Y axis Mean Average Rise in Temperature 13.66663.658%% ~13.66664% 17.33332.884% ~17.33333% 31.33331.595% ~31.33332% 40.33331.239% ~40.33331% 46.66661.071% ~46.66661%

Mean Rise in Temperature

Rise in temperature
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.1g 0.2g 0.3g 0.4g 0.5g Rise in temperature

Mass
The above graph shows that as we increase the mass of magnesium turnings used, the average temperature increases as there are more molecules of magnesium to react with HCl to release more heat.