UST Law Library Indexing Vocabulary (UST-LLIV)

July 2012, AY 2012-2013

I.

INTRODUCTION

The UST Law Library Indexing Vocabulary (UST-LLIV) is a thesaurus aimed to promote consistent representation and understanding of subject matter by indexers and researchers in the UST Law Library. Indexers use this controlled vocabulary to assign subject terms to statutory laws and legal articles. The vocabulary increases retrieval accuracy and allows greater search efficiency. Symbols used: BT - Broader term NT - Narrower term RT - Related term SN - Scope note USE - Use UF - Used for The UST-LLIV is presented in a conventional alphabetical display of index terms in order to facilitate fast and easy data retrieval using abbreviations and symbols patterned after the standards set forth by ISO 5964, POPIN Thesaurus and LOC-LIV. All preferred terms are type-set in all-uppercase letters, while the lead-in or non-preferred terms and scope notes appear in lowercase letters.

II.

LAW LIBRARY INDEXING VOCABULARY

ABSENTEE VOTING ABSOLUTE DIVORCE BT DIVORCE RT LEGAL SEPARATION Accords (International) USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS ACCOUNTANTS Acquired immunodefficiency syndrome USE AIDS (DISEASE) ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE UF Criminal justice system ADMINISTRATION OF JUVENILE JUSTICE UF Juvenile justice system

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES SN Refers to works on governmental bodies, such as boards, commissions, departments, etc., responsible for implementing and administering particular legislation Administrative rulemaking USE RULEMAKING ADMISSION TO THE BAR ADOPTION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION PROGRAMS IN EDUCATION Agrarian reform USE LAND REFORM AGREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (1995) UF SPS agreement (1995) BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS AGREEMENT ON TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (1994) UF TRIPS BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS AGRICULTURAL LAWS AND LEGISLATION NT LAND REFORM RT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AIDS (DISEASE) UF Acquired immunodefficiency syndrome HIV/AIDS Air transport USE COMMERCIAL AERONAUTICS AIRLINES BT COMMERCIAL AERONAUTICS ALIENS SN Refers to works on persons who are not citizens of the country in which they reside NT ILLEGAL ALIENS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION SN Use for works on the various legal methods of resolving disputes either within the court system or by alternative methods such as arbitration, mediation, and conciliation UF ADR Conflict resolution, Alternative Dispute resolution (Law) NT ARBITRATION AND AWARD MEDIATION

ANIMAL WELFARE ANTIDUMPING UF Trade remedies BT FOREIGN TRADE POLICY RT INTERNATIONAL TRADE ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMS UF Domestic economic assistance ANTITRUST LAW RT COMPETITION UNFAIR COMPETITION APPELATE COURTS BT COURTS APPORTIONMENT (ELECTION LAW) BT ELECTION LAW AQUIFERS SN Works on the geology of water-bearing strata. ARBITRATION AND AWARD SN Refers to various legal methods of resolving disputes either within the court system or by alternative methods BT ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION NT INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION RT MEDIATION ARBITRATION (INTERNATIONAL LAW) SN Use for writings on the use of impartial third parties chosen by disputing states to render binding or advisory decisions on the dispute BT ARBITRATION AND AWARD ARGENTINA Armed conflicts USE WAR ARMED FORCES Armed warfare USE WAR ARTIFICIAL PERSONS SN Refers to an entity such as a corporation, created by law and given certain legal right and duties. UF Juristic persons

ASEAN USE Association of Souteast Asian Nations ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATION UF ASEAN ASYLUM ATTORNEY AND CLIENT UF Lawyer-client relationship Attorneys USE LAWYERS AUTHORSHIP AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO UF ARMM AUTONOMY BAIL BT PRE-TRIAL RELEASE Bank secrecy USE FINANCIAL SECRECY BANKS AND BANKING BT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS BANKING LAWS BANKRUPTCY BAR EXAMINATIONS RT MULTIPLE-CHOICE EXAMINATIONS BARANGAY BASIC EDUCATION SN Works on training to develop mastery of the basic education areas in school programs. BEDOUINS BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION RT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BIOPIRACY SN Works on the commercial development and patenting of naturally occurring biological materials, or indigenous biological knowledge, by technologically advanced countries or organizations, without fair compensation to the indigenous groups or nations where the materials or knowledge were originally discovered

Book reviews USE BOOKS -- REVIEWS BOOKS BRAZIL BREASTFEEDING BRIBERY RT CORRUPTION BRIDGES BROADCASTING Business corporations USE CORPORATIONS Business firms USE CORPORATIONS BUSINESS LAW CABLE TELEVISION BT TELEVISION Cabs USE TAXICABS CAPITAL PUNISHMENT UF Death penalty CAPITALISM CASE LAW UF Common law Judge-made law CEMETERIES UF Memorial park Memorial shrine CHARITABLE USES, TRUSTS, AND FOUNDATIONS SN Refers to works on the legal aspects of the subject. BT CHARITY LAWS AND LEGISLATION CHARITIES RT CHARITY LAWS AND LEGISLATION ENDOWMENTS

CHARITY LAWS AND LEGISLATION NT CHARITABLE USES, TRUSTS, AND FOUNDATIONS RT CHARITIES CHEMICAL WEAPONS Child custody USE CUSTODY OF CHILDREN CHILD LABOR CHILD PORNOGRAPHY CHILD WELFARE CHILDREN CHILDREN'S RIGHT BT CIVIL RIGHTS CHINA Chronic kidney disease USE CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE UF Chronic kidney disease End stage renal failure CHURCH AND STATE UF Religion and state CIGARETTES CITIES AND TOWNS UF Municipalities Municipal law RT MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS Cities and towns law and legislation USE MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS CITIZENSHIP NT NATURALIZATION CITY PLANNING UF Urban planning CITY PLANNING AND REDEVELOPMENT LAW UF Urban redevelopment

CIVIL ACTIONS NT REPLEVIN CIVIL LAW NT FAMILY LAW OBLIGATIONS (LAW) Civil liberties USE CIVIL RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS CIVIL PROCEDURE RT CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CIVIL RIGHTS BT CONSTITUTIONAL LAW HUMAN RIGHTS NT CHILDREN'S RIGHT FREEDOM OF INFORMATION FREEDOM OF RELIGION GAY RIGHTS HABEAS CORPUS CIVIL SERVICE SN Refers to works on career government service and the laws governing it. UF Government service Civil war USE WAR CLAIMS AGAINST THE STATE UF Lawsuits against states Liability of governments CLASS ACTIONS (CIVIL PROCEDURE) UF Consumer class actions Class distinction USE SOCIAL CLASSES Classes (Social sciences) USE SOCIAL CLASSES CLIMATE CHANGE UF Global climate change Global temperature change Global warming Kyoto protocol NT CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION RT CLIMATIC CHANGES GREENHOUSE GASES REDUCING EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION BT CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CHANGES RT CLIMATE CHANGE COLLECTING OF ACCOUNTS UF Collection of debt Debt collection Collection of debt USE COLLECTING OF ACCOUNTS COLOMBIA COMFORT WOMEN COMMERCIAL AERONAUTICS UF Air transport NT AIRLINES COMMERCIAL LAW Common law USE CASE LAW Companies USE CORPORATIONS COMPARATIVE LAW SN Refers to works on the comparison of various systems of law as a method of legal study and research Compensatory duties USE COUNTERVAILING DUTIES COMPETITION UF Economic competitiveness RT ANTITRUST LAW MONOPOLIES COMPLEMENTARITY (INTERNATIONAL LAW) BT CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (INTERNATIONAL LAW) RT INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS COMPREHENSIVE NUCLEAR-TEST-BAN TREATY (1996) BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS COMPREHENSIVE PEACE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SUDAN AND THE SUDAN PEOPLE'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT/SUDAN PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY (2005)

COMPUTER CRIMES RT IDENTITY THEFT CONCESSIONS SN Refers to authorizations, grants, or licenses by government to non-governmental parties allowing them certain exclusive rights to use, extract, or convert public property or to have an exclusive right to provide a specific public service. UF Franchises from government Government grants to exploit public resources CONCURRING OPINIONS BT JUDICIAL OPINIONS RT DISSENTING OPINIONS CONDONATION SN Refers to the forgiveness of a marital offense. CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATIONS UF Lawyer-client privilege CONFLICT OF LAWS UF Private international law CONFRONTATION Congressional oversight USE LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER OF CORPORATIONS UF Corporate mergers Merger of corporations CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS RT CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS RT CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS CONSTITUTIONAL LAW NT SEPARATION OF POWERS RT CONSTITUTIONS CONSTITUTIONS RT CONSTITUTIONAL LAW CONSUMER PROTECTION NT PRODUCT SAFETY CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION

CONTRACTS CONVENTION FOR THE SAFEGUARDING OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE (2003) BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS Conventions (International agreements) USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES COPYRIGHT BT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION UF Cordillera Autonomous Region Cordillera Autonomous Region USE CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION CORPORATE GOVERNANCE RT CORPORATION LAW Corporate mergers UF CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER OF CORPORATIONS CORPORATE REHABILITATION SN Refers to works on the process by which companies on the verge of bankruptcy are restored to efficient and profitable operation UF Corporate turnarounds Corporate social responsibility USE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS Corporate turnarounds USE CORPORATE REHABILITATION CORPORATION LAW RT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATIONS UF Business corporations Business firms Companies NT GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS CORRUPTION RT BRIBERY COTTON

COTTON DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION UF Cotton Research and Development Institute Counterintelligence activities USE INTELLIGENCE SERVICES COUNTERVAILING DUTIES SN Refers to additional duties imposed on subsidized imports to mitigate their negative effects on domestic producers. UF Compensatory duties COURT ADMINISTRATION Court decisions USE JUDGMENTS COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES UF European Court of First Instance COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES COURTS NT APPELATE COURTS INTERNATIONAL COURTS SUPREME COURT Courts of last resort USE SUPREME COURT CREDIT CARDS CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY NT HUMAN TRAFFICKING RT WAR CRIMES Crimes against persons USE OFFENSES AGAINST THE PERSON CRIMINAL JURISDICTION RT INTERNATIONAL CRIMES INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW Criminal justice system USE ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE CRIMINAL LAW CRIMINAL PROCEDURE RT CIVIL PROCEDURE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (INTERNATIONAL LAW) NT COMPLEMENTARITY (INTERNATIONAL LAW)

CRISIS MANAGEMENT Cultural heritage USE CULTURAL PROPERTY CULTURAL PROPERTY UF Cultural heritage RT INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE Currency USE MONEY CUSTODY OF CHILDREN UF Child custody Customary law, International USE CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW UF Customary law, International International customary law CUSTOMHOUSE BROKERS UF Customs brokers Customs brokers USE CUSTOMHOUSE BROKERS DEAFNESS Death penalty USE CAPITAL PUNISHMENT DEBT Debt collection USE COLLECTING OF ACCOUNTS DEBTOR AND CREDITOR Defamation USE LIBEL AND SLANDER DEMOCRACY DEPOSIT INSURANCE BT INSURANCE DETENTION OF PERSONS DIABETES MELLITUS

DIRECT BROADCAST SATELITTE TELEVISION BT TELEVISION Disabled persons USE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES DISASTER RELIEF DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION DISSENTING OPINIONS BT JUDICIAL OPINIONS RT CONCURRING OPINIONS DIVORCE NT ABSOLUTE DIVORCE LEGAL SEPARATION DOHA DEVELOPMENT AGENDA (2001- ) Domestic armed conflicts USE WAR Domestic economic assistance USE ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMS Domestic relations courts USE FAMILY COURTS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SN Refers to all aspects of civil, criminal, or administrative law dealing with the study of, prevention or treatment of, consequences of, or punishment for acts of violence within families or among unrelated persons who reside together UF Family violence DRUG CONTROL BT DRUGS DRUGS NT DRUG CONTROL DUPUY, REN JEAN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE Economic competitiveness USE COMPETITION ECONOMIC ZONES

EDUCATIONAL LAW AND LEGISLATION RT PRIMARY EDUCATION SECONDARY EDUCATION UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ELECTION DISTRICTS ELECTION LAW NT APPORTIONMENT (ELECTION LAW) VOTER REGISTRATION RT ELECTIONS ELECTIONS NT LOCAL ELECTIONS RT ELECTION LAW ELECTRIC POWER NT ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION BT ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRIC UTILITIES RT ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE Elementary education USE PRIMARY EDUCATION ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS BT TEACHERS RT HIGHSCHOOL TEACHERS EMBRYONIC STEM CELL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT RT RISK MANAGEMENT EMINENT DOMAIN EMPLOYMENT SN Refers to work as a result of which one's labor or services are paid for by an employer. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS UF Employee fringe benefits Employee fringe benefits USE EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

End stage renal failure USE CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE ENDOWMENTS RT CHARITIES ENERGY RESOURCES ENGINEERS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS UF Environmental impact assessment Environmental impact assessment USE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION EQUALITY EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW ETHICS NT LEGAL ETHICS ETHNIC GROUPS EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROPEAN CONVENTION (2002-2003) EUROPEAN COUNCIL European Court of First Instance USE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE UF Court of Justice of the European Community EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

EXCEPTIONALISM SN Refers to works on the theory or belief that a specific country or other place does not conform to standard patterns or norms in terms of its origins, institutions, credo, and/or historical evolution. Exchange of notes USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS EXCISE TAX BT TAXATION Executive agreements (International) USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS Executive branch USE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS SN Refers to works on the major administrative divisions of the executive branch of government usually headed by an officer of cabinet rank. UF Executive branch EXECUTIVE POWER EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE BT GOVERNMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS EXCEPTIONALISM SN Refers to works on the theory of belief that a specific country or other place does not conform to standard patterns or norms in terms of its origins, institutions, and/or historical evolution. EXPLOSIVES RT FIREARMS EXPORT CREDIT RT FOREIGN TRADE PROMOTION EXTERNAL DEBT UF Foreign debt EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION FAMILY COURTS UF Domestic relations courts FAMILY LAW BT CIVIL LAW NT DIVORCE Family violence USE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Federal government USE FEDERALISM FEDERALISM UF Federal government FEMINISM FILIPINO LANGUAGE BT LANGUAGES FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS NT BANKS AND BANKING RT FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SECRECY UF Bank secrecy FINANCIAL SERVICES RT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FIRE PREVENTION FIREARMS RT EXPLOSIVES FISHERY LAW AND LEGISLATION FISHERY SCHOOLS BT UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES Fixed-term employment FIXED-TERM LABOR CONTRACTS FIXED-TERM LABOR CONTRACTS UF Fixed-term employment BT LABOR CONTRACTS FLAGS BT NATIONAL SYMBOLS RT NATIONAL EMBLEMS NATIONAL SONGS FOOD FOOD LAW AND LEGISLATION FOOD SAFETY

Foreign debt USE EXTERNAL DEBT Foreign direct investments USE FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FOREIGN INVESTMENTS UF Foreign direct investments BT INVESTMENTS FOREIGN TRADE POLICY NT ANTIDUMPING RT INTERNATIONAL TRADE FOREIGN TRADE LAW RT EXPORT CREDIT FOREIGN TRADE REGULATION UF International trade law FOREIGN WORKERS SN Refers to works on nationals of one country working in another country. NT OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS Franchises from government USE CONCESSIONS FRAUD NT SECURITIES FRAUD FREE TRADE RT INTERNATIONAL TRADE FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION FREEDOM OF INFORMATION UF Right to information BT CIVIL RIGHTS FREEDOM OF PANORAMA SN Refers to works on the right to take photographs of public spaces and use such photographs for personal or commercial purposes. UF Panorama freedom FREEDOM OF RELIGION SN Use for works on the right or privilege of acting according to one's own view of religion without undue restraints or within reasonably formulated and legally specified limits UF Religious freedom Religious liberty BT CIVIL RIGHTS

FREEDOM OF THE PRESS RT RIGHT OF REPLY FRIEDMANN, WOLFGANG GATT USE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE GAY RIGHTS BT CIVIL RIGHTS GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE UF GATT GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE SERVICES GENETIC ENGINEERING GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS GENEVA CONVENTION (1949) BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS GENOCIDE GERMANY GIRL SCOUTS NT GIRL SCOUTS OF THE PHILIPPINES GIRL SCOUTS OF THE PHILIPPINES BT GIRL SCOUTS Global climate change USE CLIMATE CHANGE Global temperature change USE CLIMATE CHANGE Global warming USE CLIMATE CHANGE GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS UF Government-owned corporations State corporations BT CORPORATIONS Government grants to exploit USE CONCESSIONS

GOVERNMENT INFORMATION GOVERNMENT INSURANCE SN Refers to works on insurance underwritten by government authorities. GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT Government service USE CIVIL SERVICE GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM UF GSIS GOVERNMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS SN Use for works on investigations initiated by the legislative, executive, or judicial branches of the government for the purpose of investigating some particular problem of public interest. UF Legislative investigations NT EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE Grants USE GRANTS-IN-AID GRANTS-IN-AID UF Grants GREAT BRITAIN GREENHOUSE GASES RT CLIMATE CHANGE GSIS USE GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM GUANTANAMO BAY DETENTION CAMP Guerilla wars USE WAR Guidance counselors USE STUDENT COUNSELORS HABEAS CORPUS BT CIVIL RIGHTS HART, H.L.A. (HERBERT LIONEL ADOLPHUS), 1907-1992 Health care USE MEDICAL CARE HEARING DISORDER IN INFANTS

HIGHSCHOOL TEACHERS BT TEACHERS RT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS HIGHWAY ENGINEERING HIGHWAY LAW SN Refers to works on the law governing the laying out, construction, repair, and use of highways and streets. HIV/AIDS USE AIDS (DISEASE) HOLIDAYS RT SPECIAL DAYS HOME DEVELOPMENT MUTUAL FUND UF Pag-IBIG Fund HOSPITAL SIZE BT HOSPITALS HOSPITALS NT HOSPITAL SIZE HOSTAGES HOUSING SN Refers to works on the social and economic aspects of housing. HUMAN ECOLOGY SN Use for works about relationships between a human community and its environment; specifically, the spatial and temporal interrelationships between people and their economic, social, and political organization UF Human environment Social ecology Human environment USE HUMAN ECOLOGY HUMAN RIGHTS UF Civil liberties International human rights NT CIVIL RIGHTS WOMEN'S RIGHTS RT CONSTITUTIONAL LAW INTERNATIONAL LAW HUMAN TRAFFICKING SN Here are entered works on the coercive commercial trade in human beings for the purpose of sexual or other exploitation. BT CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY

HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIMS HUMANITARIAN LAW SN Use for works on the rules of international law especially designed for the protection of individuals in time of armed conflict UF International humanitarian law BT INTERNATIONAL LAW IDENTITY THEFT RT COMPUTER CRIMES ILLEGAL ALIENS BT ALIENS IMMIGRATION Immunities USE PRIVILIGES AND IMMUNITIES Immunities of foreign states USE SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY IMPRISONMENT INCOME TAX BT TAXATION INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES INFORMATION THEORY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES INDUSTRIALIZATION INSIDER TRADING RT SECURITIES INSOLVENCY INSURANCE NT DEPOSIT INSURANCE LIFE INSURANCE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE RT CULTURAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY UF Intellectual property rights

Intellectual property rights USE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Intelligence community USE INTELLIGENCE SERVICES INTELLIGENCE SERVICES SN Refers to information gathering and analysis by or for any governmental entity, civil or military, whether within the nation or abroad, that includes spying or counter-intelligence activities UF Counterintelligence activities Intelligence community INTERMEDIATION (FINANCE) Internal armed conflict USE WAR INTERNAL REVENUE LAW UF Tax law BT TAXATION INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS SN Refers to persons or groups of persons who have been forced to flee their homes, due to fear of or threat of an actual armed conflict, violations of human rights, or natural or human-made disasters and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border. RT REFUGEES INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES SN Use for writings on public international organizations and agencies of international government. UF International administration International organizations RT INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION International agreements USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS INTERNATIONAL AND MUNICIPAL LAW SN Refers to works on the relation of international law to the internal or national law of a country or countries INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION SN Refers to a judicial process for resolving disputes arising from international commercial agreements and other international relationships, taking into account the different legal and cultural background of the disputants UF International commercial arbitration BT ARBITRATION AND AWARD International business enterprises USE TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR SETTLEMENT OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES

International commercial arbitration USE INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE BT INTERNATIONAL COURTS INTERNATIONAL COURTS BT COURTS NT INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE INTERNATIONAL CRIMES NT WAR CRIMES RT CRIMINAL JURISDICTION INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS BT INTERNATIONAL COURTS RT COMPLEMENTARITY (INTERNATIONAL LAW) INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW RT CRIMINAL JURISDICTION INTERNATIONAL CRIMES International Customary law USE CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW INTERNATIONAL FINANCE INTERNATIONAL FISHERY MANAGEMENT International human rights USE HUMAN RIGHTS International humanitarian law USE HUMANITARIAN LAW INTERNATIONAL LAW UF Law of nations NT INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION SN Use for writings on theories and efforts leading toward world-wide or regional political organization of nations.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION contd. UF International administration Territorial administration by international actors World organization BT INTERNATIONAL LAW RT INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES International organizations USE INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS SN Refers to theoretical works on the relations among nations of the world. INTERNATIONAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT CODE UF ISM Code INTERNATIONAL TRADE SN Refers to works on trade among nations RT ANTIDUMPING FOREIGN TRADE POLICY FREE TRADE International trade law USE FOREIGN TRADE REGULATION INTERNET ADVERTISING UF Keyword advertising INVESTMENT HOUSES UF Investment advisors INVESTMENTS NT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IRON INDUSTRY AND TRADE RT STEEL INDUSTRY AND TRADE ISLAMIC LAW RT JIHAD ISRAEL ISRAEL/PALESTINE ISRAELI WEST BANK BARRIER ISM Code USE INTERNATIONAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT CODE JEWELRY MAKING JEWELRY TRADE

JIHAD RT ISLAMIC LAW JOINT VENTURES Judge-made law USE CASE LAW JUDGES SN Refers to appointed officials vested with the authority to preside over courts, to hear testimony, and to administer the law bearing upon these cases. UF Justices Justices of the Court NT SUPREME COURT JUSTICES JUDGMENTS SN Refers to works on reported and unreported court decisions, opinions, judgments, etc. UF Court decisions NT JUDICIAL OPINIONS Judicial activism USE POLITICAL QUESTIONS AND JUDICIAL POWER JUDICIAL OPINIONS BT JUDGMENTS NT CONCURRING OPINIONS DISSENTING OPINIONS SUPREME COURT DECISIONS JUDICIAL POWER JUDICIAL REVIEW JURIES JURISDICTION Juristic persons USE ARTIFICIAL PERSONS Justices USE JUDGMENTS Justices of the court USE JUDGMENTS Juvenile justice system USE ADMINISTRATION OF JUVENILE JUSTICE Keyword advertising USE INTERNET ADVERTISING

KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION Kyoto protocol USE CLIMATE CHANGE LABOR CONTRACTS NT FIXED-TERM LABOR CONTRACTS LABOR LAWS AND LEGISLATION NT LABOR RELATIONS LABOR RELATIONS BT LABOR LAWS AND LEGISLATION LAND REFORM UF Agrarian reform BT AGRICULTURAL LAWS AND LEGISLATION LAND TENURE LAND USE LANGUAGES NT FILIPINO LANGUAGE LAW LAW AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LAW JOURNALS RT LAW REVIEWS Law of nations USE INTERNATIONAL LAW LAW REVIEWS RT LAW JOURNALS Lawyer-client privilege USE CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATIONS Lawyer-client relationship USE ATTORNEY AND CLIENT LAWYERS UF Attorneys Legal profession LEGAL AID SN Refers to works on organized programs for providing legal assistance to the poor. UF Legal assistance

Legal assistance USE LEGAL AID LEGAL ETHICS BT ETHICS LEGAL LITERATURE Legal pluralism USE LEGAL POLYCENTRICITY LEGAL POLICENTRICITY UF Legal pluralism Legal profession USE LAWYERS LEGAL SEPARATION BT DIVORCE RT ABSOLUTE DIVORCE Legislative investigations USE GOVERNMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT UF Congressional oversight LEGITIMATION OF CHILDREN LIBEL AND SLANDER UF Defamation LIBRARY LEGISLATION LIFE INSURANCE BT INSURANCE LIQUIDATION SN Refers to works on the winding up of companies or of the affairs of an individual LIQUOR LAWS RT LIQUORS LIQUORS RT LIQUOR LAWS LITERACY LOANS

LOCAL ELECTIONS SN Refers to works on local elections and local election laws. BT ELECTIONS LOCAL GOVERNMENT RT MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS LOGGING MAORI (NEW ZEALAND PEOPLE) MARITIME DISASTERS MARITIME LAW MARKETS SN Refers to works on areas within which or arrangements by which many buyers and sellers are brought into contact with one another in order to exchange goods or services. MARTIAL LAW MEDIATION BT ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION RT ARBITRATION AND AWARD MEDICAL CARE UF Health care MEDICAL LAWS AND LEGISLATION MEDICINE Memorial park USE CEMETERIES Memorial shrine USE CEMETERIES Merger of corporations USE CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER OF CORPORATIONS MICROFINANCE MILITARY LAW SN Refers to works on law pertaining to the armed services. MILITARY SERVICE SN Refers to active duty or previous services rendered in the armed forces. MINDANAO MINDANAO DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

MINORITIES MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS BT TELECOMMUNICATIONS RT WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS MONEY UF Currency MONOPOLIES RT Competition MOTION PICTURE INDUSTRY UF Film industry MOTOR VEHICLES Multinational companies USE TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS Multinational corporations USE TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS MULTIPLE-CHOICE EXAMINATIONS RT BAR EXAMINATIONS MUNICIPAL CHARTERS MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS UF Cities and towns law and legislation RT CITIES AND TOWNS LOCAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING MUSEUMS NT NATIONAL MUSEUM (PHILIPPINES) MUTUAL RECOGNITION SN Refers to an understanding among two or more states under which each recognizes the adequacy of the other's regulation or supervision of an activity or institution as a substitute for its own. NANOTECHNOLOGY NATION-STATE RT NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION National armed conflict USE WAR NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS (PHILIPPINES)

NATIONAL EMBLEMS BT NATIONAL SYMBOLS RT FLAGS NATIONAL SONGS NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NATIONAL LIBRARY (PHILIPPINES) BT PUBLIC LIBRARIES NATIONAL MUSEUM (PHILIPPINES) BT MUSEUMS NATIONAL SECURITY NATIONAL SERVICE NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION UF Nonselfgoverning territories Self-determination (International relations) RT NATION-STATE SOVEREIGNITY NATIONAL SONGS BT NATIONAL SYMBOLS RT FLAGS NATIONAL EMBLEMS NATIONAL SYMBOLS NT FLAGS NATIONAL EMBLEMS NATIONAL SONGS NATURAL DISASTERS NATURALIZATION BT CITIZENSHIP NETHERLANDS ANTILLES Nonproliferation treaties USE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION Nonselfgoverning territories USE NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION SN Use for works on international diplomatic measures, conditions for nuclear assistance and supply, and national policies and regulations intended to avoid the spread of nuclear explosives.

NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION contd. UF Nonproliferation treaties Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Nuclear proliferation Proliferation of nuclear weapons BT INTERNATIONAL LAW Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) USE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION Nuclear proliferation USE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION NUCLEAR WEAPONS NURSING BT PROFESSIONS OBLIGATIONS (LAW) BT CIVIL LAW OBSCENITY (LAW) OFFENSES AGAINST THE PERSON UF Crimes against persons NT RAPE OMBUDSMAN ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RT AGRICULTURAL LAWS AND LEGISLATION OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS BT FOREIGN WORKERS Pag-IBIG Fund USE HOME DEVELOPMENT MUTUAL FUND Panorama freedom USE FREEDOM OF PANORAMA PARENT AND CHILD SN Refers to works on the psycho-social interaction between parents and their minor children UF Parent-child relationship PARENTAL LEAVE NT PATERNITY LEAVE Parent-child relationship USE PARENT AND CHILD

PARTY-LIST RT PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION PASSPORTS PATENT LAWS AND LEGISLATION RT COPYRIGHT PATENTS PATENTS BT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RT COPYRIGHT PATENT LAWS AND LEGISLATION TRADEMARKS PATERNITY LEAVE BT PARENTAL LEAVE PEACE RT PEACE NEGOTIATIONS PEACE NEGOTIATIONS RT PEACE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES UF Disabled persons PERJURY PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS BT RED CROSS PHILIPPINES PHOTOGRAPHY PLAGIARISM PLEA BARGAINING PLEADINGS POLITICAL DYNASTIES POLITICAL LAW POLITICAL PARTIES POLITICAL QUESTIONS AND JUDICIAL POWER UF Judicial activism

POLLUTION POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UF Retirement benefits PRACTICE OF LAW PRE-NEED COMPANIES PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS SN Refers to writings on nominations or appointments by the President to offices, which may or may not be subject to Senate confirmation. UF Appointment of judges RT SUPREME COURT NOMINATIONS PRESIDENTS PRE-TRIAL RELEASE NT BAIL PRICE MAINTENANCE Primacy of the law USE RULE OF LAW PRIMARY EDUCATION SN Refers to the first years of structured instruction, usually for about six to eight years from the age of five through seven. UF Elementary education RT EDUCATIONAL LAW AND LEGISLATION SECONDARY EDUCATION UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES UF Immunities PRODUCT SAFETY BT CONSUMER PROTECTION PRODUCTS LIABILITY PROFESSIONS NT NURSING PROJECT FINANCE Proliferation of nuclear weapons USE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION PROPERTY NT RIGHT OF PROPERTY

PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION RT PARTY-LIST PROSTITUTION UF Sex work PROTECTED AREAS PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS PUBLIC HOUSING BT HOUSING PUBLIC LIBRARIES NT NATIONAL LIBRARY (PHILIPPINES) PUBLIC OFFICERS Public-private partnerships USE PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR COOPERATION PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR COOPERATION UF Public-private partnerships PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYMENT SN Refers to works on public sector employment as a counter-cyclical policy measure intended to provide jobs for the unemployed as well as to provide economic assistance to distressed areas and state and local governments. PUBLIC WELFARE PUBLIC WORKS PUBLICITY (LAW) PUERTO RICO RACETRACKS (HORSE RACING) RADIO NT RADIO BROADCASTING RADIO PAGING RADIO STATIONS RADIO AND CHILDREN BT RADIO RT TELEVISION AND CHILDREN RADIO BROADCASTING BT RADIO

RADIO PAGING BT RADIO RADIO STATIONS BT RADIO RADIOTELEPHONE SN Refers to works on point-to-point radiotelephone service and equipment. UF Wireless telephone RAPE BT OFFENSES AGAINST THE PERSON NT RAPE VICTIMS RAPE CRISIS CENTER (PHILIPPINES) RAPE VICTIMS BT RAPE REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT NT REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST BT REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT RED CROSS NT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS REDUCING EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION RT CLIMATE CHANGE REFERENDUM RT REFUGEES REFUGEES RT REFOULEMENT Refund of taxes USE TAX REFUNDS Religion and state USE CHURCH AND STATE RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES RENT CONTROL REPLEVIN BT CIVIL ACTION

RESTITUTION OF PROPERTY SN Refers to the return to the former owners, their heirs or successors, or real or personal property confiscated involuntarily or unjustly transferred or controlled; also includes later indemnification for the loss of such property for which reasonable compensation was not provided at the time of taking. RETAIL TRADE RETIREMENT BENEFITS REVOLUTIONS RIGHT OF PRIVACY RIGHT OF PROPERTY BT PROPERTY RIGHT OF REPLY RT FREEDOM OF THE PRESS RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT RISK MANAGEMENT RT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ROADS RUBBER INDUSTRY AND TRADE RULE OF LAW UF Primacy of the law RULEMAKING SN Refers to the process used by an administrative agency to formulate, amend, or repeal a rule or regulation. UF Administrative rulemaking SALARIES AND WAGES SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS SCHOOL MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION SCIENCE AND LAW SCIENCE AND STATE SECESSION SECONDARY EDUCATION RT EDUCATIONAL LAW AND LEGISLATION PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY EDUCATION contd. RT UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES SECURITIES RT Insider trading SECURITIES FRAUD BT Fraud Self-determination (International relations) USE NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION SEPARATION OF POWERS BT CONSTITUTIONAL LAW SEX DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN Sex work USE PROSTITUTION SHORT SELLING SLAVERY SLYNN OF HADLEY, GORDON SLYNN, BARON, 1930-2009 Small and medium enterprises USE SMALL BUSINESS SMALL BUSINESS UF Small and medium enterprises SOCIAL CLASSES UF Class distinction Classes (Social sciences) Social ecology USE HUMAN ECOLOGY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS SN Refers to works on the social responsibilities of business, corporations and industry. UF Corporate social responsibility SOCIAL SECURITY RT SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFICIARIES SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFICIARIES RT SOCIAL SECURITY SOUTH AFRICA

SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY UF Immunities of foreign states SOVEREIGNITY RT NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION SPECIAL COURT FOR SIERRA LEONNE SPECIAL DAYS SN Refers to works on special days sposored by individuals, organizations, or governmental bodies interested in publicizing or promoting patriotic, charitable, commercial, or other events and observances. RT HOLIDAYS SPEEDY TRIAL SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS BT SQUATTERS SQUATTERS NT SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS STEEL INDUSTRY AND TRADE RT IRON INDUSTRY AND TRADE STOCK EXCHANGES UF Stock markets Stock markets USE STOCK EXCHANGES STREET NAMES STUDENT AID STUDENT COUNSELORS UF Guidance counselors SUDAN SUPREME COURT UF Courts of last resort BT COURTS SUPREME COURT DECISIONS BT JUDICIAL OPINIONS SUPREME COURT JUSTICES UF Chief justices (Supreme Court) Justices (Supreme Court) BT JUDGES RT SUPREME COURT NOMINATIONS

SUPREME COURT NOMINATIONS RT PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS SUPREME COURT JUSTICES TARIFF TAX COLLECTION RT TAXATION TAX EVASION RT TAXATION TAX EXEMPTION BT TAXATION TAX HAVENS RT TAXATION TAX REFUNDS UF Refund of taxes TAXATION NT EXCISE TAX INCOME TAX INTERNAL REVENUE LAW VALUE-ADDED TAX RT TAX COLLECTION TAX EXEMPTION TAX EVASION TAX HAVENS TAXICABS UF Cabs Taxis Taxis USE TAXICABS TEACHERS NT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS TECHNOLOGY AND STATE TELECOMMUNICATION NT TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS BT TELECOMMUNICATION

TELEPHONE TELEVISION NT CABLE TELEVISION DIRECT BROADCAST SATELITTE TELEVISION TELEVISION AND CHILDREN TELEVISION BROADCASTING TELEVISION STATIONS TELEVISION AND CHILDREN BT TELEVISION RT RADIO AND CHILDREN TELEVISION BROADCASTING BT TELEVISION TELEVISION STATIONS BT TELEVISION TERRORISM RT TERRORISTS TERRORISTS RT TERRORISM TORTURE TOURISM Trade remedies USE ANTIDUMPING TRADEMARK LICENSES RT TRADEMARKS TRADEMARKS BT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RT COPYRIGHT PATENTS TRADEMARK LICENSES TRAMP SHIPPING TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE SN Works on a range of judicial and non-judicial policies states may adopt to address past human rights abuses. TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS SN Refers to incorporated or unincorporated enterprises that operate in two or more countries and that are comprised of parent companies and their foreign affiliates linked by ownership and decision-making processes. UF International business enterprises

TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS contd. UF Multinational companies Multinational corporations BT CORPORATIONS Treaties USE TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS UF Accords (International) Conventions (International agreements) Exchange of notes Executive agreements (international) International agreements Treaties BT INTERNATIONAL LAW NT AGREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (1995) VISITING FORCES AGREEMENT Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community USE TREATY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) USE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1992). PROTOCOLS, ETC., 1997 OCT. 2. Treaty of Lisbon (2007) USE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1992). PROTOCOLS, ETC., 2007 DEC. 13. TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1992) TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1992). PROTOCOLS, ETC., 2007 DEC. 13. UF Treaty of Lisbon (2007) TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (1992). PROTOCOLS, ETC., 1997 OCT. 2. UF Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) TREATY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE EUROPEAN UNION UF Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community TRIAL PRACTICE TRIPS USE AGREEMENT ON TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (1994) TRUSTS AND TRUSTEES UGANDA U.N. Security Council USE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL

UNFAIR COMPETITION RT ANTITRUST LAW UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL UF U.N. Security Council UNITED STATES. CONGRESS UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES NT FISHERY SCHOOLS RT EDUCATIONAL LAW AND LEGISLATION PRIMARY EDUCATION SECONDARY EDUCATION UNJUST ENRICHMENT (INTERNATIONAL LAW) Urban planning USE CITY PLANNING Urban redevelopment USE CITY PLANNING AND REDEVELOPMENT LAW VALUE-ADDED TAX BT TAXATION VETERANS VISITATION RIGHTS VISITING FORCES AGREEMENT BT TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS VOCATIONAL EDUCATION RT EDUCATIONAL LAW AND LEGISLATION VOTER REGISTRATION BT ELECTION LAW VOYEURISM WAR UF Armed conflicts Armed warfare Civil war Declarations of war Domestic armed conflicts Guerilla wars Internal armed conflicts National armed conflicts NT WAR (INTERNATIONAL LAW) RT WAR CRIMES

WAR CRIMES RT CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY WAR WAR (INTERNATIONAL LAW) BT WAR WAR ON DRUGS RT DRUG CONTROL WATER NT WATER CONSERVATION WATER UTILITIES WATER CONSERVATION BT WATER WATER DISTRICTS WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT WATER UTILITIES BT WATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS BT TELECOMMUNICATION RT MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Wireless telephone USE RADIOTELEPHONE WIRETAPPING WOMEN NT WOMEN FOREIGN WORKERS WOMEN IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WOMEN JUDGES WOMEN FOREIGN WORKERS BT WOMEN WOMEN IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT RT WOMEN WOMEN JUDGES RT WOMEN WOMEN'S RIGHTS BT HUMAN RIGHTS WORLD BANK

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION UF WTO Wrongful birth USE WRONGFUL LIFE WRONGFUL LIFE UF Wrongful birth WTO USE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM SN Refers to the potential disruption of computer operations due to misinterpretation of the twodigit year indicator "00" as referring to the year 1900 instead of 2000. UF Millennium bug Y2K