WWTP Inflow Parameters

Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants
Lecture 1
Introduction and Determination of inflow parameters
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management - Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Recycling 1
Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters
UNIVERSITT STUTTGART
Contents of the lecture

Determination of inflow parameters (ATV-DVWK - A 198) Microbiological processes/activated sludge process Dimensioning of activated sludge treatment plants (ATV- A 131) Nitrogen removal Phosphorous removal Dimensioning of biofilters Sludge treatment and dimensioning of sludge treatment plants Resource orientated systems Anaerobic systems Planning process Exercise Excursion
Introduction and repetition

Aim of biological Waste water treatment:
Removal of carbon compounds (BOD5, COD) Reason: prevent oxygen depletion of receiving waters Removal of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus) Reason: prevent eutrophication of receiving waters
CO2, N2
Gas Effluent
Corg, NH4, NO3, PO4
Influent
Corg, Norg, NH4, Porg
Wastewater Treatment Plant

Corg, Norg, Porg
Sludge
3 UNIVERSITT STUTTGART
Components in Wastewater and their Effects

Component
Microorganisms Biodegradable organic material Other organic material Nutrients Metals Other inorganic material Thermal effects Odour (and taste) Radioactivity
4
Of special interest
Pathogenic bact., viruses and worm eggs
Environmental effect
Risk when bathing and eating fishes Fish death, odors, deterioration of drinking w. Toxicity, bioaccumulation in the food chain, Eutrophication, oxygen depletion Toxicity, bioaccumulation Toxicity, corrosion Changing living conditions for flora and fauna Aesthetic inconveniences, toxicity
! !
Oxygen depletion in water bodies Detergents, pesticides, fat, oil, phenols,endocrine d..... Nitrogen, phosphorus Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni Acids, bases, hydrogen sulfide Hot water Hydrogen sulfide, others
Carbon (C)- Parameters for Dimensioning

COD (Chemical oxygen demand)
Amount of oxygen required for the chemical oxidation of organic compounds
Specific load per inhabitant (acc. to ATV-DVWK A 131, 2000): 120 g BOD5/(Cd) BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand)
Amount of oxygen required for the biological oxidation of organic compounds BOD5: Degradation time = 5 days; Temperature = 20 C
Specific load per inhabitant (acc. to ATV-DVWK A 131, 2000): 60 g BOD5/(Cd) Only a part of the organic wastewater constituents are readily degradable
5
Phosphorus (P) Parameter for Dimensioning

Specific load per inhabitant (acc. to ATVDVWK A 131, 2000): 1.8 g P/(C.d) Origin (acc. to Raach et al., 1999 ): 70% Urin and Faeces 17% Washing powder/liquid 13% Kitchen waste
Ptotal
ortho Phosphate / inorg. P
Poly-Phosphate / org. P
Specific Load and Concentration of Nutrients

The specific load of phosphorus decreased within the last years due to the reduction of P in detergents
1985
g/(capd) P
1989
g/(capd) P
2000
g/(capd) P
mg/L P
Food Detergents Total
1.9 3.0 4.9
1.9 1.1 3.0
1.9 0.1 2.0
9.5 0.5 10.0
The specific load of nitrogen is 11 to 13 g/(capd)

7
Nitrogen (N) - Parameters for Dimensioning
Specific load per inhabitant (acc. to ATVDVWK A 131, 2000): 11 g N/(C.d) Origin (acc. to Koppe and Stozek, 1999) : 76% Urine 14% Faeces 10% Washing and cleaning agents Nges TKN
NH4-N
org. N
NOx-N
NOx-N
Nanorg
org. N
Basic Flow Scheme of a WWTP

Primary treatment
Screening Influent Grit Grease rem. rem. Primary sediment.
Biological treatment
Aeration tank Secondary sediment. Effluent
Screenings Sand Supernatant Thickener
Grease
Primary sludge
Return sludge
Secondary sludge = Excess sludge Biogas Gas storage
Raw sludge
Dewatering and -agricultural use -landfill -incineration Digester 35C Thickener and storage tank
9
Sludge treatment
Introduction and repetition

Industrial Wastewater
1,2 2,8
Domestic Wastewater
3,2
Infiltration Water
3,9 0,9
Precipitation
Combined Sewer Wastewater Sewer
Storm Sewer
Industrial WWTP
2,8
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

8,9
0,6
Billion m/a
Types of Wastewater (WW)

Municipal WW
Domestic or Household WW Industrial, Commercial, Institutional WW Infiltration WW (Imported, Sewer Infiltration, Parasite Water) Stormwater
Average Flow Peak Flow
treatment process design in m3/d hydraulic design in m3/h;l/s
11
Determination of Dimensioning Values
Wastewater flow Concentration = Load Wastewater flow Concentration = Load
Can be measured ! Cannot be measured directly ! Literature values (Loads) and measured values (flow and/or concentrations) often cannot be brought into agreement easily!
12
How to start with the dimensioning?

Which input parameters are needed?
Load of BOD (or COD) Load of total nitrogen Load of total Phosphorous Load of TSS Temperature Mean flows Maximum flow (minimum flow)
If data do exist, one should need them Aim of DWA A 198 Verification is always necessary (are the results plausible?)
13
Aims and application of A- 198

Examination of existing data (self-monitoring, specific monitoring programms) as well as derivation of dimensioning values and forecast values for various time horizons (planning criteria) Adjustment of dimensioning values of sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants Harmonizing the symbols for dimensioning as extensively as possible Mathematical determination of the dry weather flow (dissociated from meteorological records) Approach for the determination of the combined wastewater flow (Qcomb) at the interface sewer wastewater treatment plant Determination of concentration of N and P on the basis of COD as a master parameter
14
Aims and application of A- 198

However: because of the temporal variable releases of standards and leaflets there are yet much different terms and symbols for the same facts However: the needed flows, loads and concentrations for dimensioning are to be found in the respective standards (e.g. A 131)
15
Symbols and their meanings I

Main terms:
A = Areas Q = Flows C = Concentrations (homogenised sample) S = Concentrations (filtered sample) X = Concentrations (in the filter residue) B = Loads q = Flow rates [ha, m] [l/s, m/a, m/d, m/h] [mg/l, kg/m, %] [mg/l, kg/m, %] [mg/l, kg/m, %] [kg/a, kg/d, kg/h] [l/(s ha)]
16
Symbols and their meanings II

Indices
Catchment areas Types of flow Periods of time Mean values for periods Parameters Location of sampling
17
Symbols and their meanings III

Catchment Areas (AC)
Area with seperate sewer system (AC,Sep) Area with combined sewer system (AC,Comb) Paved surface (AC,p) Non-paved surface (AC,np) With sewers (AC,s or e.g. AC,s,p)
Mean values for periods

aM mM pM wM dM hM annual mean monthly mean mean for a period weekly mean daily mean hourly mean
2wM 2-weekly mean
Types of flow (Q)

WW - wastewater flow (QWW) DW - dry weather flow (QDW) Inf - infiltration water flow (QInf) Comb - combined wastewater flow (QComb) Thr - throttle flow (QThr)
With no details: intervall < 5 minutes
18
Symbols and their meanings IV

Periods of time
a, m, w, d, h, min P a special period InB
Location of sampling
In inflow to the wastewater treatment plant inflow to the biological stage
ESST effluent of the secondary settling stage EF EP effluent of a filter effluent of a pond
19
Definition of the types of areas
AC AC,ns AC,s AC,p
Catchment Area Catchment area not served by sewers Catchment area served by sewers Paved surface
Source: ATV-DVWK-Standard A 198 (2003)
AC,np
Non-paved surface
20
Symbols and their meanings V

QDW QComb Qa Qd QDW,d QDW,d,aM Dry weather flow Combined wastewater flow to the wastewater treatment plant Annual flow Daily flow Daily dry weather flow Dry weather flow as annual mean
(quotient of sum of daily flows of all dry weather days and the number of dry weather days of a year)
l/s l/s m/a m/d m/d m/d
QDW,aM QSl,d QWS,d
Dry weather flow as annual mean Daily volume of sludge Daily volume of waste (activated) sludge
l/s m/h m/d m/d

21
QDW,2h,max Maximum dry weather flow as 2-hourly mean
Determination of Dimensioning Values

It should be differentiated between the actual loading (status quo) and the designed loading (predicted) It should be differentiated between:
Water quantity Loads Concentrations
Several sources are used:

Existing measurements Operations manual Special monitoring programs Operation of experimental plants Data from municipalities, industries and others Literature values Empirical values, estimates
Actual situation and prognosis Actual situation

Domestic wastewater
P wd QD,d
Prognosis
Domestic wastewater
P wd QD,d
Industrial wastewater
Industrial wastewater
Infiltration water
Infiltration water
23
Dimensioning Values
Flow data
Mean values (for procedural design) QDW,d Daily dry weather flow QDW,aM Dry weather flow as annual mean Peak values (for hydraulic calculations) Important for complete optimization of sewer and wastewater treatment plant!! In catchment areas only with separate sewer system QDW,h,max In catchment areas with combined sewer systems QComb Additional for hydraulic calculations the Minimum dry weather flow as 2hourly mean QDW,2h,min
24
m/d l/s
Dimensioning Values
Design of the primary settling tanks
Dry weather flow QDW,2h,max Stormwater flow Combined sewer system: QComb Separate sewer system: QR,Sep,h,max
Operational temperature
Lowest temp. (for process design) Highest temp. (for design of aeration system) Temperature at location of sampling: effluent of the biological tank (alternatively inflow or effluent of the primary settling tank) Relevant: Determination from the curve of 2-week mean over 2 years
25
Annual temperature variation WWTP H. 2006

25 Daily temperature 2 weeks mean 20
Temperature in C
15 12 C 10 C 10
0 J F M A M J J A S O N D
Months
26
Dimensioning values for wastewater treatment plants

Loads and concentrations
Classification of wastewater treatment plants in size ranges BOD5 load(Bd,BOD5,In)in the influent to the wastewater treatment plant which is undercut on 85% of the dry weather days without backflows plus a planned capacity reserve. Calculation out of minimum 40 values of BOD5 loads out of 3 years Dimensioning of combined sewer overflows Annual mean value of the COD concentration in the inflow to the wastewater treatment plant Dimensioning of wastewater treatment plants
Relevant loads for dimensioning the biological reactor

Bd,COD,InB Bd,BOD5,InB Bd,SS,InB Bd,TKN,InB (evtl.: Bd,NO3,InB and Bd,NO2,InB) Bd,P,InB kg/d kg/d (also for trickling filters) kg/d kg/d (also for trickling filters) kg/d
27
Dimensioning of activated sludge plants according to A131

The relevant loads are calculated as
The maximum 2-4-weekly means in the determining range of temperature or 85-percentile value of minimum 40 daily loads that are uniformly distributed over up to 3 years Attention: If an annual graph indicates periodical fluctuations, several loading cases are to be investigated.
Relevant sludge volume index (SVI)

Maximum value of 3 year curves as 2-week mean or 85%-percentile value of the last 2 years
Peak factor
Maximum daily 2-h-load/ daily average
28
Daily Variations of Wastewater Flow

Determination of yearly wastewater flow (sewage flow on all days)
Pw WW,d Q = + A q C,i i WW,aM 86400

Source: ATV-DVWK-Arbeitsblatt A 198 (April 2003)
[ l/s ]
Determination of yearly dry weather flow (dry weather flow on days without rain)
DW,aM
=Q +Q WW,aM Inf,aM
Determination of peak flow during dry weather
24 Q WW,aM + Q Q = Inf,aM DW, max x Q max


Divisor xQmax [ h/d ]
20 18
Source: ATV-DVWK-Arbeitsblatt A 198 (April 2003)
16 14 12 10 8
Rural areas < 5,000 E Middle towns 5,00020,00020,000 E 100,000 E Large cities > 100,000 E
QDW ,h ,max or QDW , 2 h ,max =
24 QWW ,aM xQ max
+ QInf ,aM
Dry weather inflow and combined water inflow

Old standard:
QComb = 2 QWW + QInf

New opinion (A-198):
QComb = fWW ,QCW QWW ,aM + QInf ,aM

New approach: Seen as an advantage that the mean wastewater flow QWW,aM can present the same initial basis both for the layout of combined sewer overflows and also for the combined wastewater flow to the wastewater treatment plant.
31
Dry weather inflow and combined water inflow

fWW,QCW [ - ] peak factor for the calculation of the wastewater flow
9
Source: ATV-DVWK-Standard A 198 (April 2003)
QComb = fWW ,QCW QWW ,aM + QInf ,aM
3
Rural areas < 5,000 E Middle towns 5,00020,00020,000 E 100,000 E Large cities > 100,000 E
32
Daytime mean value Mean value of 24h Discharge in m/h
Daytime maximum
Nighttime mean value
Nighttime minimum
Figure: Variations in dry weather flow during the day (Source: ATV Handbook 1, 1994)
Qd = 15,000 m3/d
33
Design Values Domestic Wastewater Flow

Size of settlement 1000 C >250 50 250 10 50 5 10 <5 Example 10 - 50 x = Variation factor
34
Specific domestic WW production wWW,d l/(Cd) 130-150 120-140 110-130 100-120 100 l/(Cd) 110
Divisor daily peak x h/d 16 14 12 10 8 l/(Ch) 110/12=9,2
Divisor Divisor day average night average x h/d 20 18 16 14 12 l/(Ch) 110/16=6,9 x h/d 30 36 48 84 No flow l/(Ch) 110/48=2,3
Wastewater from Commerce and Industry

Amount depends on
Type of commerce/ industry Production amounts Production method Internal circulation
Fluctuations depend on
Production times Hours/ days Production cycles (e.g.: Slaughtery periods,..) Days/ weeks Seasonal activities Food industry (e.g. production periods of sugar industry,...) Tourism
Water saving production methods Large scale industry mostly direct dischargers
35
Wastewater from Commerce and Industry

Reliable values only from investigations Approximate values from literature Planning recommendations for new commercial areas or industrial estates (ATV-Arbeitsblatt A118)
Companies with low water demand qi = 0.5 l/(has) Companies with moderate water demand qi = 1.0 l/(has) Companies with high water demand qi = 1.5 l/(has)
Specific Wastewater Production

Commerce Hospital Swimming-pool School Department store Restaurant Hotel Pulp production Paper production Brewery Dairy Preserves Textile industry Amount 0.25 0.6 m/bed 0.15 0.18 m/visitor 0.02 0.1 1.0 0.2 0.6 300 100 15 0.4 0.8 5 35 40 - 120 m/pupil m/employee m/bed m/t pulp (downward trend) m/t paper m/hl beer m/m milk m/t fruit/vegetable m/t product
Unit
0.015-0.02 m/guest
Infiltration Water
Origin
Diffuse sources (drainage water) Rivers Water drainage on building sites Leaky sewers (groundwater inflow) inf (groundwater level) inf (sewer condition)
Infiltration water is undesirable due to the fact, that the pollution of infiltration water is very low, but the total water flow is increased, resulting in higher wastewater discharge fees!
38
Infiltration Water
Recommendations for Dimensioning
Infiltration water flow qInf = 0.05 0.15 l/(has) impervious area In the separate sewer system for the sanitary sewer QInf = 100 % QWW In the combined sewer system (based on average hourly QWW) QInf = 30 40 % QWW Related to sewer length qInf = 29 ... (43) ...67 l/(m d) Related to population wInf = 100 ... (130) ... 150 l/(C*d)
39
Infiltration water
Definitions
Infiltration water fraction
infiltration water fraction ( FWA) = QInf Infiltrati on Water Inflow QInf = = Dry Weather Inflow QDW QWW + QInf
Infiltration water addition

infiltration water addition ( FWZ ) = Infiltration Water Inflow QInf = Wastewater Inflow QWW
Conversion
FWA = 1
1 FWZ + 1
FWZ =
1 1 1 FWA
40
Infiltration water
Infiltration water in BW 2008
12
WWTP: 998
431 9,9
500 450 400
10
Mio P:
21,2
Average value of BW: 42%

343
Mio PE
Number of WWTP
Mio PE
300 250
5,0
6,3
224
200 150 100 50
0 1 25 %
25 50% 2 > 50% 3
Fraction of infiltration water

(Source: DWA Leistungsvergleich 2008)
Number of WWTP
350
41
Infiltration Water
Determination in existing WWTPs:
Minimum inflow during night Method of yearly wastewater flow Sliding minimum Triangle method
Others
Chemical method Isotope method
42
Infiltration Water
Gliding minimum
Assumption: Variations of infiltration flow result from slow variations of groundwater level, fast variations are the result of surface stormwater runoff For each day, the dry weather flow is determined as the minimum daily flow out of the 21 preceding days (digital filter) Wastewater flow is determined from drinking water consumption or specific consumption values per inhabitant Tends to result in higher infiltration flow values than other methods + No use of subjective weather code + Infiltration flow variation over the year can be shown (seasonal variations) + Also suitable for small catchment areas with pumping stations and very large catchment areas ? Catchment area of WWTP identical with service area of water supply company ? Use of drinking water for irrigation or industrial uses which do not produce wastewater
43
Infiltration water
Gliding minimum
40000 FWA = 42,0 % 35000 Stormwater 30000
Inflow [m/d]
25000 20000 15000 10000 Infiltration water 5000 Wastewater 0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12
2001
44
Infiltration water according to the method of the gliding minimum WWTP H. 2006
Hirsau
Berichts-/Veranlagungsjahr 2006
400
FWA dry 56,4 56% of [%]: weather flow is infiltration water!

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 17 33 49 65 81
Qd QT,d QDW,d QS,d QWW,d QInf,d QF,d
Water flow in l/s Abfluss in l/s
97 113 129 145 161 177 193 209 225 241 257 273 289 305 321 337 353
TAGE
Days
Water flows WWTP H. 2006

35.000 Qd 30.000 QDW
25.000
Water flow in m 3/d
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0 J F M A M J J A S O N D
Months
46
Cummulative curves of water flows WWTP H. 2006

110 100 90 80 85% value
QDW,d,85% = 8.727m/d
Frequency in %
70 60 50% value 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000

3
Qd QDW
25.000
30.000
35.000
Water flow in m /d
47
Peak flow and combined water flow WWTP H. 2006

QDW,2h,max = 24 QWW,aM / xQmax + QInf,aM = 24 33,9 / 17 + 52,6 = 100,5 l/s
QM = fWW,QCW QWW,aM + Qf,aM = 6 33,9 + 52,6 = 256 l/s
Old standard (ATV-DVWK-A 131 (1991 und 2001)): Qcomb = 2 QWW + QInf = 2 (QDW,2h,max QInf) + QInf = 2 (QDW,d,85/f QInf) + QInf = 2 (8.727/12 24 4.544,6) + 4.544,6 = 30.363,4 m3/d = 351 l/s
48
Determination of loads and concentrations

Determination of inflowing loads for dimensioning the biological reactor
Determination of cBOD,InB; cCOD,InB; xSS,InB; cTKN,InB,cP,InB,SAlk,InB Measurements of COD are the most frequently master parameter
COD is the most frequently determined parameter. Values of less determined parameters could be deflected by ratios between COD and them (keeping the costs for chemical analysis within limits) If necessary intensive samplings are needed
49
Determination of loads and concentrations

Loading cases
Determination on the basis of 2-4-week means Load at the temperature on which the dimension is based Load at the lowest temperature Load at the highest temperature Special loading cases Determination of the 85%- Values Load which is achieved or undercut on 85% of the dry weather days (minimum 40 values) Building the ratios cCOD,InB/cBOD,InB and cTKN,InB/cCOD,InB for day on which all parameters were sampled Determination of the relevant loads with these average values
50
Cummulative curve of COD in inflow of biological tank WWTP H. 2006

110 100 90 80 85% value
Frequency in %
70 60 50% value 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
COD in inflow of biological tank in mg/l

51
Cummulative curve of COD load in inflow of biological tank WWTP H. 2006

110 100 90 80 85% value
Frequency in %
70 60 50% value 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
52
COD load in inflow of biological tank in kg/d
Example: Yearly temperature curve of wastewater

25
wastewater temperature [C]
20
15
10
5
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12
53
Example: Duration curve of wastewater temperature

Wastewater temperature [C] -cummulative25
2000
20
1999
15
10
5 1 51 101 151 201 251 301 351

54
Plausibility check of inflow values

Following ratios could be taken as support for urban wastewater according to ATV-Standard A131 (2000) (without relevant impacts of commerce and industry):
COD : Nges : Pges Or approximatley COD : Nges Acceptable range COD : Nges = 6,5 to 16 = 1 : 0,08 = ca. 12 = 120 : 11 : 1,8
55
Rough estimation values for total nitrogen

NH4-N Inflow WWTP TKN
[mg/l] 33,4 12,8 46,3 38,3 16,2 60,3
Nges
[mg/l] 35,2 14,2 49,9 39,2 17,1 60,6
Norg
[mg/l] 17,5 8,4 25,0 18,5 11,5 27,9
Source: KA-Betriebs-Info 2004 (34)
Nitrogen concentrations in the inflow respectively in the biological reactor of the WWTP Hof
[mg/l]
Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
16,9 4,4 23,3 19,9 4,7 32,4
Inflow biological reactor
Minimum Maximum
Raw inflow: NH4-N x 1,7 = Nges Raw inflow

Example Hof: 16,9 mg/l (mean) x 1,7 = 28,7 mg/l
Inflow biological reactor: NH4-N x 1,2 = Nges inflow biological reactor

Example Hof: 19,9 mg/l (mean) x 1,7 = 23,9 mg/l
56
Example of hydraulics
Maximum, mean and minimum hourly dry weather flows Nov. 01 until Oct. 02
800,00 700,00 600,00
QDW,24 QDW,h,min QDW,h,max
Q bzw. Q DW,h DW,24 [l/s]
500,00 400,00 300,00 200,00 100,00 0,00 Nov. 01
Dec. 01
Jan. 02
Feb. 02 March. 02 Apr. 02
May. 02
Jun. 02
Jul. 02
Aug. 02
Sep. 02
Oct. 02
Date 57
Example of hydraulics
Curve of the DW-days about a year from Nov. 2001 until Oct. 2002
60000
50000
Yearly mean value 3 9979 m /d 178 DW-days
Daily flow [m/d]
40000
30000
20000
10000
0 Nov. 01 Dec. 01 Jan. 02 Feb. 02 March. 02 Apr. 02 May. 02 Jun. 02 Jul. 02 Aug. 02 Sep. 02 Oct. 02
Date 58
Example of the determination of loads

Comparison of the daily flows and of the COD loads from Nov. 2001 until Oct. 2002
14000
700
12000 10000
500
350
Bd,COD,InB [kg/d]
200
8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000
3
Parameter CCOD [mg/l]
Qd [m /d]
59

Unterschreitungshufigkeit der CSB-Frachten Zulauf Bio vom Nov. 2001 bis Okt. 2002
100 90 80
85%-Value: 6613,14 kg/d
Unterschreitung [%]
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
COD [kg/d]
60

2-weekly mean of the loads of COD in the inflow of biochemical reactor from Nov. 2001 until Oct. 2002
8000
Rated value: 7.000 kg/d

7000 6000
B d,COD,InB,2wM [kg/d]
5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 16.9
5.11
25.12
13.2
4.4
24.5
13.7
1.9
21.10
10.12
Date 61
Literature I
Wastewater Treatment Degrmont: Water Treatment Handbook Vol. 1 & 2, Lavoisier, Cachan, 2007, ISBN: 978-1-84585-005-0, 978-2-7430-0970-0 Grady, C.P.L., G.T. Daiger, H.C. Lim: Biological Wastewater Treatment, 2. Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999. Henze, M., Harremoes, P., LaCour Jansen, J., Arvin, E.: Wastewater Treatment, 2. ed., Springer, Berlin, 1997 Liptak, B., G., Liu, D.H.F. Environmental Engineers Handbook, 2nd Ed., Lewis Publ., Boca Raton, 1997, Air Pollution, Noise Pollution, Wastewater Treatment, Removing Specific Water Contaminants, Groundwater and Surface Water Pollution, Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.: Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, McGraw Hill, New York Rich, L. G.: Unit operations of sanitary engineering, John Wiley, New York, 1961 Schroeder, E. D.: Water and Wastewater Treatment, McGraw Hill, New York, 1977 Stephenson, K., K. Brindle, K., Judd, S., Jefferson, B.: Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment. 2000, Portland Press Ltd. Essex Water Chemistry Sawyer, C.N., P.L. McCarty: Chemistry for Sanitary En-gineers, McGraw Hill Book Comp., New York Stumm, W., Morgan, J.J.: Aquatic Chemistry, Wiley, New York, 4. Ed.. Hydrobiology Uhlmann, D.: Hydrobiology, a text for engineers and scientists, John Wiley, New York Chichester, 1988 Biotechnology, Modeling, Chemical Engineering Bailey, J.E., D.F. Ollis: Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, Mc Graw Hill, Internat. Editions, New York, 1986 Blanch, H.W. u. Clark, D.S.: Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York 1997 IWA Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Biological Wastewater Treatment (Editor): Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2D and ASM3, IWA Publishing, London 2000. Rittmann, B., McCarty, P.: Environmental Biotechnology: Principles and Applications, McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math, 2001 Russel, T.W.F., M.M. Denn: Introduction to Chemical Engineering Analyses, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1972 Snape, J.B., I.J. Dunn, J. Ingham, J.E. Prenosil: Dynamics of Environmental Bioprocesses - Modeling and Simulation, VCH, Weinheim, 1995 62
Literature II
Standards, Advisory leaflets (DIN: Deutsche Industrienorm, EN: European Standard) DIN 4045, 1985-12: Abwassertechnik; Begriffe: Waste Water Engineering; Vocabulary DIN EN 1085, 1997-07: Abwasserbehandlung, Begriffe, Terminologie, Wrterbuch: Wastewater treatment Vocabulary; Trilingual version EN 1085: 1997 DWA: Deutsche Vereinigung fr Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V. in English: German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste Design Rules in English, Others Glossaries Bains, W.; Biotechnology from A to Z, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993 Journals: Environmental Science and Technology http://pubs.acs.org/journal/esthag ISSN: 0013-936X, Uni S, Homepage: Water Research ISSN: 0043-1354, Uni S , Homepage: http://www.iwaponline.com/wr/default.htm Water Science and Technology ISSN: 0273-1223, Uni S: 13.1981 - 50.2004 (LEA).Homepage: http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/default.htm Water Environment Research ISSN: 1061-4303t: Uni S 64.1992 - 76.2004 (LEA) Homepage: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wer Water Practice & Technology ISSN: 1751-231X, Uni S, Homepage: http://www.iwaponline.com/wpt/ Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology Aqua ISSN: 0003-7214 Uni S 1974 1979 (LEA), 1959 1974 ISWA, Homepage:http://www.iwaponline.com/jws/default.htm Water Resources Research ISSN: 0043-1397, Uni S: 26.1990 - 40.2004 (LEA), 5.1969 - 33.1997 ISWA, Homepage: http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ Urban Water Journal ISSN: 1744-9006, Uni S, Homepage: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713734575~db=all Journal of Environmental Technology and Management ISSN: 1741-511X, Homepage: https://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=11 63

WWTP Inflow Parameters

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WWTP Inflow Parameters

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Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Contents of the lecture

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Introduction and repetition

Wastewater Treatment Plant

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Components in Wastewater and their Effects

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Carbon (C)- Parameters for Dimensioning

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Phosphorus (P) Parameter for Dimensioning

ortho Phosphate / inorg. P

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Specific Load and Concentration of Nutrients

Food Detergents Total

1.9 3.0 4.9

1.9 1.1 3.0

1.9 0.1 2.0

9.5 0.5 10.0

The specific load of nitrogen is 11 to 13 g/(capd)

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Nitrogen (N) - Parameters for Dimensioning

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Basic Flow Scheme of a WWTP

Screenings Sand Supernatant Thickener

Secondary sludge = Excess sludge Biogas Gas storage

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Introduction and repetition

Combined Sewer Wastewater Sewer

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

Types of Wastewater (WW)

Average Flow Peak Flow

treatment process design in m3/d hydraulic design in m3/h;l/s

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Determination of Dimensioning Values

Wastewater flow Concentration = Load Wastewater flow Concentration = Load

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

How to start with the dimensioning?

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Aims and application of A- 198

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Aims and application of A- 198

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Symbols and their meanings I

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Symbols and their meanings II

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Symbols and their meanings III

Mean values for periods

2wM 2-weekly mean

Types of flow (Q)

With no details: intervall < 5 minutes

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Symbols and their meanings IV

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Definition of the types of areas

AC AC,ns AC,s AC,p

Source: ATV-DVWK-Standard A 198 (2003)

Design of WWTP 1. Determination of inflow parameters

Symbols and their meanings V

l/s l/s m/a m/d m/d m/d

QDW,aM QSl,d QWS,d