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Commercial paper -To be a negotiable instrument, the instrument must have "SUMBOD" (Signed, Unconditional promise, Money, payable

to Bearer/Order, payable on Demand).

-To be a holder in due course, must have "VFW" (present Value, good Faith, Without notice of any defects)

-Holders in due course lose to real defenses - "I'M BIFF" (Infancy, material alterations, bankruptcy, insanity/illegality, fraud in the execution, forgery)

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