ABSTRACT

This report represents an overview on the role of GPS (Global Positioning System) in struggling against and combating Dhakas manic traffic jams. GPS as it is known worldwide can serve as a solution and a remedy to tackle the traffic issues faced. We outline the steps that have to be taken in order to utilize the ways in which GPS can play a pivotal role in all this. If these measures are followed, the problem of congestion will be significantly reduced. This method is the fastest and the most efficient way of improving Dhakas navigation to ensure that the suffering of the people due to traffic jams is either eliminated or brought down to a level that is acceptable because of traffic jams are brought down to a manageable level.

INTRODUCTION
The notorious jams of Dhaka have become a part of everyones lives, where direct encounters win hands down over avoidance. The traffic jams are so unbearable that people have started looking for solutions to calm and resolve this escalating issue. The main causes of this problem are the lack of adequate roads, incompetent drivers, lack of signaling infrastructure, and government mismanagement amongst others.

The problem has heightened so much that nowadays people depart an hour in advance of what they would have if there were no jams. This wastage of time has led to a number of sacrifices people have to make both mentally and physically. Gridlocks regularly last for hours causing massive loss to the economy and damage to the environment that is irreversible. We also get to see that the number of accidents of also increased due to such causes.

After years of bearing the consequences of bottleneck jams, Dhaka is now giving into keeping with the governments pledge for a digital Bangladesh; this will be brought about by a solution in technology. Focus will be provided on the use of GPS technology in attempting to tackle the traffic congestion of Dhaka city. In this project we plan to briefly have a discussion on GPS technology and how it will help us fight the traffic problems of our everyday lives. We have tried covering three stages of the traveling troubles and how it will work and help to make life much easier. This will be discussed in the later part of the project.

GPS (Global Positioning System)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense. GPS was originally intended for military applications, but in the 1980s, the government made the system available for civilian use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.

GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit signal information to earth. GPS receivers take this information and use triangulation to calculate the user's exact location. Essentially, the GPS receiver compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was received. The time difference tells the GPS receiver how far away the satellite is. Now, with distance measurements from a few more satellites, the receiver can determine the user's position and display it on the unit's electronic map.

How it works:
There are two components to a GPS system:
1. The satellite 2. The receiver

The satellite: There are about 24 GPS satellites orbiting the earth. These send out longitudinal, latitudinal and time data to GPS enabled devices that request it. These data can then be manipulated into information about the whereabouts of the object. The receiver: The receiver is a device normally the size of a mobile phone that sends out signals to the orbiting satellites requesting them to send it its position.

Accuracy of GPS Today's GPS receivers are extremely accurate, thanks to their parallel multi-channel design. Garmin's 12 parallel channel receivers are quick to lock onto satellites when first turned on and they maintain strong locks, even in dense foliage or urban settings with tall buildings. Certain atmospheric factors and other sources of error can affect the accuracy of GPS receivers. Garmin GPS receivers are accurate to within 15 meters on average.

How can the use of GPS help in managing the traffic congestion in Dhaka?
GPS has to be used in three different stages for it to be effective. They are Stage 1: Assess the main causes of traffic jams related to infrastructure using GPS Stage 2: Build new roadways and shape traffic policies using GPS Stage 3: Maintain the roads after the infrastructure has been overhauled using GPS These are the 3 main stages in which GPS has to be used if we are to be able to combat this problem. The three stages are going to be discussed from the next page.