Cubes and Cuboids

The Elements of Cube and Cuboid

By : Easty Kartika

Learning Purpose
1. Student could know the solid figures/polyhedrons especially cubes and cuboids 2. Student could mention the part of cubes and cuboids: faces, edges, vertex, face diagonals, space diagonals, and diagonal plane. 3. Student could calculate the size of cubes and cuboids elements: the length of face diagonal and space diagonal.

Cubes and The Elements

H G E F

C
B s

A cube is ruled solid figures which are formed by six square planes which the shape and the size are same.

The Elements
Cubes has some primary elements that are faces, edges, and vertex

1) The faces of cubes

A cubes face is square plane (cubes surface) that limited cubes solid figures.
H E G

C
B

In the figure besides, can be saw 6 cubes faces that are ABCD, EFGH, ABFE, DCGH, ADHE, and BCGF

Figure 1

2) The edges of cubes

A cube edge is line which is intersection two faces plane in cubes. Cubes have 12 edges that are: AB, BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH, HE, AE, BF, CG and DH.

3) Vertex
Cubes vertex is meeting points from three cubes edges that closed. In the figure 1, the cubes vertex are point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H

Cubes Diagonal
Diagonal is line which connecting two vertexes in one plane which faced each other

1) The face diagonal of cubes

H E F G

D C A B

Look the figure 2, the face diagonal are: BD and HF, while the other face diagonal are: AF, BE, CH, DG, AC, EG, AH, DE, BG, and CF.

Figure 2

H E F

D C A

2) Diagonal plane

Diagonal plane in a cube is plane which is limited two diagonals and two edges in a cube. Look figure 2, the diagonal plane are: BDHF. While the other diagonal plane are: ABGH, CDEF, BCEH, ADFG and ACGE.

3) Space diagonal
Space diagonal is line which connecting two vertexes not located on the same face which faced each other. Look figure 2, the space diagonal is: CE. The other diagonals are: AG, BH, and DF

The length of faces diagonal and space diagonal of cubes

H E F G

D B s D C

Notice the cubes figure besides. In base plane ABCD, AC is face diagonal. Let the measurement of cubes = s

Notice ABC which has right angle in B on base plane ABCD

AC AB BC
2 2 2

According to 2 2 AC AB BC Pythagoras theorem

A
s

s2 s2 2s 2 s 2

Thus, the length of face diagonal AC is s 2 units Because of cubes edges has the same length, so the length of plane diagonal in cubes has same length too.

Notice line AG in cubes ABCD.EFGH above. Line AG is cubes space diagonal. Notice
E

ACG
s 2

which right angle in C on base plane ACGE.

G s

Diagonal plane ACGE has the form of rectangle.

According to Pythagoras theorem:

AG AC CG AG
2

AC CG

Thus, the length of space diagonal AG is

s 2

s2

s 3

units

3s 2 s 3

Cuboids and The Elements

H G E F

A B Figure 3

Cuboids are ruled solid figures which are formed by three rectangle planes which each form and size are same.

The Elements
Cuboids has some primary elements that are faces, edges, and vertex

1) The faces of cuboids

Cuboids have three pairs faces, which form is rectangle which same the form and the size. Cuboids Faces are ABCD, EFGH, ABFE, DCGH, ADHE and BCGF

2) The edges of cuboids

Cuboids have 12 edges. Those edges are: AB, BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH, HE, AE, BF, CG and DH.

3) Vertex
Cuboids vertex is meeting points form three cubes edges that closed. In the figure 3, the cuboids vertex are point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H

Cuboids Diagonal
H
G E F D C A Figure 4 B

1) The face diagonal of cuboids

Look the figure 4, the cuboids face diagonal are: BE, and the other cuboids face diagonal are: AF, CH, DG, AC, BD, EG, FH, AH, DE, BG, and CF.

H G E F D

C A Figure 4 B

2) Diagonal plane

Look figure 4, the diagonal plane are: ACGE. While the other diagonal plane are: BDHF, ABGH, CDEF, BCEH, and ADFG.

3) Space diagonal
Space diagonal is line which connecting two vertex not located on the same face which faced each other. Look at the figure 4, the space diagonal is: DF. The other diagonals are: AG, BH, and CE.

The length faces diagonal and space diagonal of cuboids

H E D A p Figure 5 t l B F C G

In base plane ABCD, BD is plane diagonal. Let cuboids ABCD.EFGH has length = l, wide = w, and height = h Notice base plane ABCD
C l B p D

According to Pythagoras theorem

BD AB AD BD l 2 w 2 BD l 2 w 2
2 2 2 2

Thus, the length of plane diagonal BD is

l 2 w2 units

In cuboids ABCD.EFGH, line HB is cuboids space diagonal. To know the length f space diagonal HB, notice BDH which right angle in D.
According to Pythagoras theorem:
HB BD DH HB
2 2 2 2

h
2

l 2 w2 h 2 HB l 2 w 2 h 2

In cuboids with size length = l, wide = w, and height = h. the length of space diagonal is l 2 w2

h2

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