URBAN ENVIRONMENT

OBJECTIVES
To know why the city dwellers are at the center of the most environmental issue. To site different features of city as a system. To know the agency of the government responsible over the delivery of Metro-Wide Services. To know the types of land waste disposal and the measures used to reduce solid waste volume.

INTRODUCTION
Today, there is a rebirth of interest in urban environments and in development of urban ecology. Not only is human population becoming increasingly urbanized, but there is rapid growth of huge metropolitan areas. Living in an environment, of good quality, means living in a city that is managed to maintain an environmental quality.

What are the features of a city as a system ?

A city must maintain a flow of energy, provide necessary material resources, and have ways of removing waste. A city is not self-contained ecosystem it depends on other cities and rural areas. A city takes in raw materials from the surrounding countryside.

 Cities affect the local climate. Cities are generally less windy than rural areas, it says that cities are warmer than rural areas because of increase in heat production. The construction of modern cities affects the water cycle greatly, concrete city surfaces also prevent water in the soil from evaporating to the atmosphere. City dwellers are exposed to more kinds of toxic chemicals in higher concentrations and to more human-produce noise , heat , and particulates than are their rural neighbors.

METROPOLITAN MANILA (NCR)

1. The Capital District Manila 2. Eastern Manila District Mandaluyong City, Marikina City, Pasig City, Quezon City, and San Juan. 3. CAMANAVA District Caloocan City, Malabon City, Navotas City, and Valenzuela City. 4. Southern Manila District Las Pinas City, Makati City, Muntinlupa City, Paranaque City, Pasay City, Pateros, and Taguig City.

Economy

Metro Manila is the financial, commercial, and industrial center of the Philippines. Makati City is the largest financial and economic hub of the Metropolitan area

What is the agency of the government responsible over the delivery of metrowide services?
The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) is an agency created embracing the cities of metropolitan Manila. The MMDA office is located at Epifanio de los Santos (EDSA) corner Orense Street, Guadalupe Nuevo, Makati.

Scope of MMDA services

1. Development Planning. 2. Transport and traffic management. 3. Solid Waste Disposal and Management. 4. Flood Control and Sewerage Management.

5. Urban Renewal, Zoning and land use planning, and shelter services. 6. Health and sanitation, urban protection, and pollution control.

7. Public safety.

What are the types of land waste disposal.

Open dumps
-Demands and Minimum of effort and expense. - Unsightly, unsanitary and generally smelly. - They attract rats, insects, and other pest. - Surface water percolating through the trash can dissolve out.

 Sanitary Landfills
-When open dumps have been phased out, they have been most often been replaced by sanitary landfills. -an excavation in the ground where trash is dumped, covered with soil, and compacted. -It is also lined with impermeable clay or plastic to prevent leachates from contaminating groundwater. -They have specific life span, they can only be used for a number of years unti they are filled to capacity.