MALAYSIAN AGRICULTURE

OIL PALM

BY THE END OF THESE LECTURE YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:

Understand The History of The Oil Palm Industry in Malaysia Understand the R&D and Evolution of Technology in Oil Palm Industry List out the product from oil palm and the process of one of the add-value product from the Oil Palm Understand the contribution of the Oil Palm Industry towards medicine field

1. THE HISTORY OF THE OIL PALM INDUSTRY

These are the briefly description about how the oil palm tree had been brought to Malaysia.

2.0: R&D IN OIL PALM INDUSTRY

The industry has since added to the genetic collection of African palms to improve the population base for breeding purposes. From the earliest days, experiments have been carried out to produce hybrid strains of oil palm that give higher yields of oil. The industrys breeding and selection work since the 1960s has contributed to improvements in yield. Commercial materials, which started with the Dura (D) palm variety, had a low oil extraction ratio (OER) in the range of 1216%. This was replaced by the Tenera (T), a hybrid of the Dura and Pisifera (D x P) varieties, as the planting With continuous breeding and selection work, some of the latest planting materials based on the improved Tenera are capable of producing 100% more palm oil compared to the standard Tenera.

SOME OF THE LARGE OIL PALM PLANTERS IN MALAYSIA THAT INVOLVES DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN R&D DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA

PPB Oil Palms Berhad Tradewinds (M) Berhad Highlands & Lowands Berhad Austral Enterprises Bhd Asiatic Development Berhad TDM Plantation Sdn. Bhd Hap Seng Consolidated Berhad United Plantations Berhd Pamol Plantations Sdn. Bhd. Guthrie Ropel Berhad

Kumpulan Guthrie Berhad Golden Hope Plantations Bhd. Kuala Lumpur Kepong Berhad IOI Corporation Berhad Sime Darby Berhad Kuala Sidim Berhad Kulim (Malaysia) Bhd)

2.1: EVOLUTION OF THE TECHNOLOGY

Over the last 50 years, R&D activities and technological advances have helped raise yields and reduce inputs, thereby maximising oil production from a smaller land area than used for other food crops. Palm oil is now a major source of sustainable and renewable raw material for the worlds food, oleochemical and biofuel industries. Involvement in cultivation or downstream activities has uplifted the quality of life of people, a key plank of the sustainability platform. In particular, this has helped alleviate poverty among landless farmers in Malaysia.

Evolution of technology

1980s

1990s

NOW

New technology

1980s

1950-2000s
Advancement in the technology of oil palm cultivation is directed at increasing yield and reducing costs.

New technology

TECHNOLOGY & INOVATIONS

PALM FRUIT STRIPPER PEMISAH SERAT dan BUAH SAWIT

OIL EXPELLER FILTER PRESS BOILER

Oil palm cultivation was also regarded as a reasonable alternative to planting rubber, the price of which had been affected by competing synthetic rubber.

Fig. 1. Planted area for oil palm and rubber in Malaysia. Source: MPOB, Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB).

EXPORT GROWTH OF MALAYSIAN PALM OIL

2.3:IMPORTANCE OF PALM OIL

Feeding the world: palm oil consumed in over 150 countries. Provides crucial source of food & energy supplies to developing world. Scientifically proven nutritional & health benefits and durability Provides bio-energy: environmentally-friendly alternative fuel source to supplement decreasing high carbon fossil fuels. Highly productive: significantly more palm oil produced per hectare compared to other oil seed crops. Palm oil is used in more than half of packaged supermarket products today

3.0 THE VALUE ADDED PRODUCT

Value-added describes what happens when you take a basic product and increase the value of that product (and usually also the price) by adding extras in the manufacturing process, or by tacking on extra products and/or services. In the oil palm, the fruits are being processed to become refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm olein that widely used in society.

3.1:PRODUCT FROM WASTE MATERIAL

Malaysias oil palm industry produces approx 20 million tone empty fruit bunch(EFB) per year. Thus, the innovation of science had create such a creative solution in order to optimize the usage of the oil palm fruits.

3.1.1:ANIMAL FEED
1.

Oil Palm Fronds(OPF) Pellet

o
o

As alternative source for ruminant feeds especially on winter season Enough nutrition for ruminants such as protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals.

2. 3.

Palm Kernel Cake Dry Decanter Cake

OPF Pellet

3.1.2:OIL PALM BIOMASS EFB FIBER

Raw

material for pulp, paper and food container. Examples of product: -egg casing -brown paper file/ envelope -disposable cup, tray, food container -carton packaging box

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

3.1.3:PALM BIOMASS BURNING

Palm Biomass is one kind of Bio-Energy or Bio-Fuel. It is known as white coal, is another ideal fuel which substitutes coal, firewood, lignite and other conventional fuel. Applications Industrial use - boilers, brick kilns, furnace and foundries. Power Plant - biomass or conventional. Residential and Commercial Heating Advantage of Palm Briquette and Palm Pellet Less smoke and less CO2 Low moisture content Low dust and impurities content Environment friendly products Ease of transportation and storage Features of Palm Briquette and Palm Pellet Low cost advantage Excellent year-around availability No species variation Free of chemical addictive

palm briquette

oil palm frond

The products include as below :1) Palm Briquette 2) Palm Pellets 3) Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) raw 4) Mesocarp Fiber - raw 5) Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) - raw shredded 6) Oil Palm Trunk (OPT) - raw chip 7) Oil Palm Frond (OPF) - raw crushed, dried and compacted.

palm pellets

3.1.4:PALM PLYWOOD AND PALM VENEER

Palm Plywood panel products uses oil palm trunk (OPT) cut down from palm tree re-plantation program. Its come from sustainable material helping to reduce Climate Change - Global Warming Issue. Application Furniture components Interior design - decorative utility Partition Wooden pallet Packaging materials Construction - concrete form work Furniture - cabinet door, table top, office table etc Underlay plywood Product Advantage Economical and cost effective products compress from oil palm tree trunk materials meet the strength requirements as stipulated in the Japanese Standard Method (JAS 233:2003) Eco-friendly plywood. Green veneer - Green Plywood Solves disposal problems

PROCESS FLOW OF MAKING PLYWOOD FROM OIL PALM TRUNK (OPT)

Storage yard section Peeling section Drying section Gluing and pressing section

Finishing section

3.1.5:OTHER PRODUCTS
Particleboard Palm MDF Palm lumber

Golden soil

Palm Fiber

Palm fertilizer

4.0: THE CONTRIBUTION OF PALM OIL IN

MEDICINE FIELD Type of palm oil

Palm oil

Palm olein

Palm strearin

cholesterol-free melting point between 33C- 39C, it does not require hydrogenation for use as a food an ingredient. rich source of carotenoids and vitamin E

Palm olein is the liquid fraction obtained by fractionation of palm oil palm olein is widely used as a cooking oil good resistance to oxidation longer shelf life of finished products the most widely used frying oil in the world!

the more solid fraction obtained by fractionation of palm oil after crystallization at controlled temperatures available in a wider range of melting points and iodine values. useful source of fully natural hard fat component for products such as shortening and pastry and bakery margarines.

HEALTHY COMPOSITION
Carotenoids are natural chemical compounds that give crude palm oil its orange-red color and that make palm oil red in color. carotenoids contain Vitamin A which is an effective antioxidant that helps strengthens the bodys immune system and reduces the risk of cancer, heart disease and cataract. a powerful anti-oxidant capable of reducing the harmful types of oxygen molecules (free radicals) in the body delaying the bodys aging process. better for health as they do not have to go through hydrogenation

Carotenoids

Vitamin E (tocopherols & tocotrienols)

Trans- fatty acid (TFA) free

SOME ISSUES IN PALM OIL

Could Malaysian Palm Fruit Oil help fight advanced breast cancer? Can the tocotrienols in healthy palm fruit oil extend your life?

COULD MALAYSIAN PALM FRUIT OIL HELP FIGHT ADVANCED BREAST CANCER?

Researchers are about to embark on the first human clinical study to see if the Vitamin E tocotrienols found in Malaysian Palm Fruit Oil are beneficial to women fighting advanced breast cancer. tocotrienols anti-cancer properties on breast cancer cell lines and in animals has shown positive results. The scientific community is showing a great deal of interest in tocotrienols potential health benefits.

CAN THE TOCOTRIENOLS IN HEALTHY PALM FRUIT OIL EXTEND YOUR LIFE?

vitamin E tocotrienols may provide several health-promoting benefits for your liver, brain and other organs. One of the richest sources for vitamin E tocotrienols is Malaysian Palm Fruit Oil vitamin E may be a potent defender against several diseases and may slow the aging process.

RECENT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

Palm Oil and Cell Culture Palm Oil in Cell Cuture Cancer Research Palm Oil in Cell Culture Plasma Lipids Palm Oil and Cell Culture General Health Palm Oil and Human Research Palm Oil in Human Cancer Research Palm Oil in Human Plasma Lipids Palm Oil and Human General Health Palm Oil and Animal Research Palm Oil in Animal Cancer Research Palm Oil in Animal Plasma Lipids Palm Oil and Animal General Health

HEALTH PRODUCT

Carotec Tocomin Supra Bio Palm Tocotrienols

Vitacost Tocomin SupraBio Palm Tocotrienol Complex

Life Extension Gamma E Tocopherol/Tocotrienols

http://www.palmoilhealth.org/