Constant velocity indicates the instantaneous velocity at any instant during a time interval is the same as the average velocity during that time interval. Constant acceleration is a special case of accelerated motion. Two of the most important forces controlling motions in our daily life are force due to gravity and friction force.
Constant velocity indicates the instantaneous velocity at any instant during a time interval is the same as the average velocity during that time interval. Constant acceleration is a special case of accelerated motion. Two of the most important forces controlling motions in our daily life are force due to gravity and friction force.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Constant velocity indicates the instantaneous velocity at any instant during a time interval is the same as the average velocity during that time interval. Constant acceleration is a special case of accelerated motion. Two of the most important forces controlling motions in our daily life are force due to gravity and friction force.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
1. displacement, x 2. acceleration (constant), a 3. final velocity (at time t), v 4. initial velocity, v o
5. elapsed time, t
Constant Velocity Motion No Forces
If no external forces are acting, velocity is constant position changes, at a steady (constant) rate Constant velocity indicates the instantaneous velocity at any instant during a time interval is the same as the average velocity during that time interval Mathematical equation:
v x = D x D t = x f - x i D t or x f = x i +v x D t Particle Under Constant Velocity, Graph The graph represents the motion of a particle under constant velocity The slope of the graph is the value of the constant velocity The y-intercept is x i
Constant Velocity This is graphed as a flat line on a velocity time graph.
The first set of graphs show an object traveling in a positive direction. The second set of graphs show an object traveling in a negative direction.
Speeding Up and Slowing Down The graphs on the left represent an object speeding up. The graphs on the right represent an object that is slowing down What is constant acceleration?? The constant acceleration is a special case of accelerated motion. There are vast instances of motions, which can be approximated to be under constant force and hence constant acceleration. Two of the most important forces controlling motions in our daily life are force due to gravity and friction force. Motion with Constant Acceleration
The average velocity of an object during a time interval t is
The acceleration, assumed constant, is
Motion at Constant Acceleration In addition, as the velocity is increasing at a constant rate, we know that
Combining these last three equations, we find:
Motion with Constant Acceleration
We can also combine these equations so as to eliminate t:
We now have all the equations we need to solve constant-acceleration problems.
Graphical Motion with Constant Acceleration A change in the acceleration affects the velocity and position Note especially the graphs when a = 0
Graphical Look at Motion: acceleration time curve The zero slope indicates a constant acceleration
Graphical Look at Motion: velocity time curve The slope gives the acceleration The straight line indicates a constant acceleration
The words slowing down uniformly implies that the car has a constant acceleration. The distance of travel is found form
A car slows down uniformly from a speed of 21.0 m/s to rest in 6.00 s. How far did it travel in that time? 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 v v t v x x v v v but t v x x t v x x + = = + = = + = ( ) 0 0 21.0m s 0m s 6.00 sec 63.0 m 2 2 v v x x t + + = = = | | | \ .