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Multi-objective Optimization Visible Light Communication system Received Power and SNR Optimization Conclusion

What is multi-objective optimization?

Multi-objective optimization (MOO) is the process of simultaneou sly optimizing two or more conflicting objectives subject to certain constraints Example:
Maximizing profit and minimizing the cost of a product Maximizing performance and minimizing fuel consumption of a vehicle

Why do we need MOO?

There are trade-off between two or more objectives With single-objective optimization, upgrading one objective leads to degrading the others.

Definition of in maximization problem

1 , 2 , , are objectives , are two solutions ( ) when 1,2, , : 1,2, , : > .

Definition of in maximization problem

1 , 2 , , are objectives , are two solutions ( ) when 1,2, , : 1,2, , : > .
better

worse

worse

better

Definition of in maximization problem

1 , 2 , , are objectives , are two solutions ( ) when 1,2, , : 1,2, , : > .

Definition of in maximization problem

1 , 2 , , are objectives , are two solutions ( ) when 1,2, , : 1,2, , : > .
better

worse

worse

better

What MOO does

better

2
Non-dominated solutions

worse

Dominated solutions

worse

better

MOO process finds all non-dominated solutions

Formulation
minimize [ f1 ( x ), f 2 ( x ), ..., f n ( x )] x s.t . g ( x) 0 h( x ) 0 x X
T

Solution methods for MOO

Constructing a single aggregate objective function (AOF) Evolutionary algorithm (e.g. NGSAII, SPEA2) Other methods

Visible light communication (VLC) system is a system using visible light from LEDs to transmit data.
High power illuminating

VLC
Broadband link communication

VLC candidate for the next generation of indoor wireless communication

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Communication link provided by VLC system

A high quality link provided by VLC system requires:
High signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) High received power

Received power and SNR is greatly affected by LED layout setting There is trade-off between received power and SNR
Average received power [dBm]
2.5 2
25 24

Average SNR [dB]

0 10 20 30 40 50

23 22 21 20 19 18 0

1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Z [deg]

Z [deg]

Average received power and SNR corresponding to different LED zenith angle Z in VLC system

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Optimize quality of the link provided by VLC system

Simultaneously optimize these two objectives:
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Received power

Strategy
Use Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) to find optimal LED layout settings

Formulation
maximize [ Pr ( x ), SNR ( x )] x s.t .
where : average received power : average SNR : light intensity
T

x ( distance, interval , zenith) X 300lx Ehor ( x ) 1500lx

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Constraints
Constraints about LED layout setting
0.5m distance 1.5m, 0.8cm interval 1.6cm, 0 zenith 50.

Other constraints are constant values of other system parameters

Parameter Number of LED panels Number of LED each panel Size of LED panel Transmitted optical power Semi-angle at half power Center luminous intensity FOV at a receiver Value 4 (2 2) 3600 (60 60) 0.59 0.59 [2 ] 20 70 [] 0.73 60 []

Detector area in PD
Semi-angle at half power

1.0 [2 ]
70 []

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Result and discussion

27 26 25 24

SNR [dB]

23 22 21 20 19 -1.5

-1

-0.5

0 0.5 Received Power [dBm]

1.5

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Result and discussion

Pr [dBm] -1.0670 -0.4917 0.0042 0.4682 0.9883 1.4994 1.6740 SNR [dB] 26.5866 25.5346 24.4159 23.6270 23.3149 21.3524 19.5300 Distance [m] 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8 1 Interval [mm] 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 Zenith [deg] 43 40 36 26 5 9 0

Link quality is determined by SNR. However, received power need to exceed some minimum threshold. Depending on system hardware, choose LED layout setting that gives just sufficient received power, but highest SNR.

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Conclusion
There is trade-off between received power and SNR in VLC system The optimal link quality corresponding to the LED layout that gives just sufficient received power, but highest SNR. Using multi-objective optimization, we can find such optimal LED layout setting.