NEURAL NETWORKS, ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION

FATHIMA

Neural Network
Biological neural network

Artificial neural network

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Evolution of Artificial Neural Networks

Year 1943 1949 1958 1960 Neural Network McCulloch and Pitts Neuron Hebb network Perceptron Adaline Designer McCulloch and Pitts Hebb Rosenblatt Widrow and Hoff

1972
1982 1986 1988

Kohonen self-organizing feature map

Hopfield network Back-propagation network Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART)

Kohonen
John Hopfield and Tank Rumelhart, Hinton and Williams Carpenter and Grossberg

Basic types of network architecture

Single-layer feed-forward network Multi-layer feed-forward network

 Single node with its own feedback

Single-layer recurrent network

X X

 Multi-layer recurrent network

Learning:
Supervised learning
Input Neural N network Actual output

Error signals

Error signal generator

Desired output

Unsupervised learning
Neural N network

Input

Actual output

Reinforcement learning
Neural N network

Input

Actual output

Error signals

Error signal generator

Reinforcement signal

Applications
Neural networks in medicine Modeling and Diagnosing the Cardiovascular System Electronic noses Instant Physician Neural Networks in business Marketing Credit Evaluation
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Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence
Branch of computer science that deals with intelligent behavior, learning and adaption in machines. The man behind Artificial Intelligence was John McCarthy

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Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Perceptive system Vision system Robotics Expert system Learning system Natural language processing Neural network
Schematic
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Artificial intelligence

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Applications of Artificial Intelligence

Robotics
ASIMO a humanoid robot created by Honda. Introduced in 2000. 130 cm tall and 54 kg.

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Computers
Speech recognition Facial recognition

Handwriting recognition
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Space
Scout Robots

Robonauts
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Robotic Arms

Robotic Airplanes
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Military
Military robotics can be used to help in the diffusing of bombs.

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Hospitals
Robots are increasingly making their mark in operating room too.

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Disaster areas
From the year 2010, firefighting robots and lifesaving robots for extinguishing and lifesaving in confined space are under development.

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Entertainment
Robotics technologies are applied in many areas of culture and entertainment.

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References
www.google.com www.wikipedia.com

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