IR Vacuum Update: M. Sullivan

IR Vacuum M.
Sullivan
IR Vacuum Update
M. Sullivan for the PEP-II team
Machine Advisory Committee Review October 25-27, 2006
MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006
IR Vacuum M. Sullivan
Outline
Brief recap of last Januarys presentation History General Characteristics NEG heating tests Last January Conclusions Attempts to pin down the source More NEG heating tests Software Hardware The Answer What it was Present fix Future fix
History
We started to notice a large number of beam aborts from high radiation levels from the detector about mid December of last year. In retrospect, we have identified events of this type as early as the beginning of Dec. At that time, we were more concerned about the fast dI/dt LER aborts and some of us thought that perhaps these BaBar aborts were a new manifestation of the fast dI/dt aborts.
It wasnt until Monday, the day after New Years, that we discovered we had very fast vacuum spikes somewhere near the detector on the LER upstream side whenever the detector aborted the beam due to high radiation levels.
Some Characteristics
Very fast high pressure spikes. Difficult to see with 6 min history
buffers. Seen in single ring for each beam but at much higher currents than colliding beams. Conclusion: either close by or inside shared beam pipe. Insensitive to orbit (+/- 2mm in Y and +/-8 mm in X at the ends of the support tube)
Radiation levels from the LER beam are consistently higher than radiation levels from the HER beam
Exhibits more bunch charge dependence than total current dependence
4
Interaction Region Layout

Detector
Forward Q2 NEG 8020 pump 2187 gauge
Support tube end bellows
LER
3027 gauge 3044 pump 3027 pump
SIG11 LER sensitive
HER
7039 gauge
7043 pump
Backward Q2 NEG LER frangible link
NEG pump
NEG heating test

In order to try to localize the source of the vacuum spikes we tried heating up some of the NEG pumps and recording the vacuum readings from the various gauges and pumps We decided to heat up the two NEG pumps closest to the IP. These are the two NEGs just outboard of the ends of the support tube We did this without beam and we did not try to regenerate the NEG pumps
6
List of Vacuum spikes

The list of vacuum aborts that we had started in January grew to over 200 entries by the 3rd week of March.
Pressure and Background Ratios
Forward Q2 NEG
LER radiation event
Backward Q2 NEG
HER radiation event
Conclusions of Last January

In December we started encountering, with increasing frequency, beam aborts associated with high radiation levels in the detector
It took us a while to understand that these aborts were a new problem and not an alternate manifestation of the instabilities we were already trying to identify We have identified the cause of these beam aborts to be due to fast vacuum spikes in the IR.
All present information points to a region on the forward side of the detector and probably in the LER beam pipe or in the shared beam pipe.
The most likely location is the forward side support tube end bellows The most likely initiation for the event is an arc
9
The Story Continued.

Throughout Jan.-Mar. we made several attempts to try to locate the source of these vacuum spikes More NEG heating tests with and without beam (the IR vacuum model has been greatly improved) We first took out a NEG pump and then later replaced a chamber in the incoming LER beam pipe RGA readings indicated a large burst of nitrogen when we had a vacuum spike We installed the ability to remotely make a gas burst into the beam pipe. This told us we did not have an air leak. The BaBar detector collaboration used the events taken by the detector when these vacuum spikes occurred to try to locate the source. Many different analysis techniques were used: from timing differences to track reconstruction to neutron counting rates We also analyzed timing differences between gas signals from the various gauges and pumps in the area There was an analysis of the shape of the gas pulse from the gauges and pumps Im sure I have forgotten a few more
10
Average of 8 events seen in March

normalized to 2187 gauge
Detector
Forward Q2 NEG
10.7 Support tube end bellows
100
LER
939
HER
10.6
0.61
0.95 LER frangible link
Backward Q2 NEG
NEG pump
11
Side view of BaBar

Backward Q1/Q2 bellows
Forward Q1/Q2 bellows
Forward Q2 chamber
12
Heating up the forward Q2 NEG

Luminosity went down when we added gas. The decrease is noticeable at a pressure of about 30 nTorr
Traced to the HER vertical spot size increasing.

Luminosity restored as the pressure goes down.
This told us that the HER was sensitive to relatively small gas bursts
13
BaBar Analyses from Brians Talk
14
The Answer
In late February we were looking at the Q1/Q2 bellows with a bore scope and trying to see if any of the tiles had come loose when it suddenly became clear that we had incorrectly designed the RF seals that are next to the tiles. The seals were touching the tiles instead of touching the Cu under the tiles. With this knowledge we made new RF seals and prepared for a ten day access starting on March 19
15
Forward Q1/Q2 bellows section
Q1 side of bellows
16
Close up of damage to the tiles
17
RF seal note the bolt head
RF finger seen in borescope videos

18
Close up of RF seal
19
Another dark spot on another finger
20
Dark spot corresponds to a pit on the tile
21
Why was the failure located here?

No real answers Something to do with the corners of the tiles? Something to do with the edges of the RF fingers?
Perhaps a weak point in the tile? A crack?
22
Picture of bellows before installation in 2002
This picture is a miracle!! The correct bellows section in the correct orientation!!! Thank you Scott!!
23
RF seal repositioned onto bellows
Tile damage is here
24
Cu posts not brazed to the tile
25
Present Fix
We designed and built a set new RF seals so that they engage the Cu underneath the tiles
We took out the bellows section from the other side of the detector and placed it in the location of the damaged bellows section
We then reinstalled one of the Mk I bellows on the backward side of the detector. This side collects about half as much power as the forward side All locations had new RF seals in stalled
26
New Q1/Q2 Bellows RF Seal
3/6 - New RF Seal Plate submitted to MFD
3/3 - Prototype RF Seal made using existing SPEAR3 RF seal die and another existing die.
27
New RF seal Compound J seal
28
New RF seal Side away from Tiles
29
New RF seal Close up of tile side
30
Improved Design
Current bellows in the forward side (MkII) can absorb 5-10 kW and is currently absorbing about 7 kW When we go to higher currents and shorter bunches we will absorb even more power Presently building a new design bellows (MkIII) that will absorb less direct power from the beam Plan to install the new design this down time
31
Q1/Q2 Blws New Design MkIII

New concept developed based on best information available. Maximum Tile/slot length ~2.4
Possibly
reduce further the travel and offset requirements to increase length.

32
Absorbing tiles are open to the convolutions No additional tile sets needed in bellows cavity. HER Arc Style Bellows Spring Stub RF shield
Summary
We finally tracked down the problem to a design flaw in how the RF seal was engaged at the edge of the absorber tiles in the Q1/Q2 bellows section
An arc track had developed on the surface of the tile. This explains why the beam current threshold came down initially and then stabilized. Once the problem was figured out, new RF seals were made and installed Since the repair, we have had NO unusual abort causing vacuum activity in this area We would like to thank all of the people who helped us with this tough problem BaBar collaborators, engineers, technicians, machine shops, experts from other groups, etc.
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IR Vacuum Update: M. Sullivan

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IR Vacuum M.

M. Sullivan for the PEP-II team

Machine Advisory Committee Review October 25-27, 2006

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Interaction Region Layout

Support tube end bellows

SIG11 LER sensitive

Backward Q2 NEG LER frangible link

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

NEG heating test

List of Vacuum spikes

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Pressure and Background Ratios

LER radiation event

HER radiation event

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Conclusions of Last January

The Story Continued.

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Average of 8 events seen in March

0.95 LER frangible link

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Side view of BaBar

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Heating up the forward Q2 NEG

Traced to the HER vertical spot size increasing.

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

BaBar Analyses from Brians Talk

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Forward Q1/Q2 bellows section

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Close up of damage to the tiles

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

RF seal note the bolt head

RF finger seen in borescope videos

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Another dark spot on another finger

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Dark spot corresponds to a pit on the tile

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Why was the failure located here?

Perhaps a weak point in the tile? A crack?

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Picture of bellows before installation in 2002

RF seal repositioned onto bellows

Tile damage is here

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Cu posts not brazed to the tile

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

New Q1/Q2 Bellows RF Seal

3/6 - New RF Seal Plate submitted to MFD

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

New RF seal Compound J seal

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

New RF seal Side away from Tiles

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

New RF seal Close up of tile side

MAC Review Oct. 25-27, 2006

Q1/Q2 Blws New Design MkIII

reduce further the travel and offset requirements to increase length.