PRESENTATION

ON

PLANT SWEETENERS

Presented by: Parnam Singh Gill 104942539069

PLANT SWEETENERS

Sweeteners of one kind or another have been found in human diets since prehistoric times and are types of carbohydrates and use them in foods for several reasons other than sweetness. Sweeteners can be nutritive or non-nutritive.

Nutritive sweeteners provide calories or energy. Non-nutritive sweeteners do not provide calories and are referred to as artificial sweeteners

Stevia

Biological Source :- Sweet leaves of the plant Stevia

rebaudiana, belonging to family Asteraceae.

Chemical Constituents:- the main constituents are the

steviol, stevioside, rebaudiosides A and C and dulcoside A.

Steviol

Uses:

Used in food products, soft drinks and for table use. Used as an sweetening agent.

Thaumatin

Biological Source:- highly potent sweetener

obtained from the fruits of the plant Thaumatococcus danielli, belonging to family Marantaceae.

Chemical Constituents:- contain two water

soluble proteins thaumatin I and thaumatin II.

Uses:- used on sweetening agent for marketed

products such as chewing gums and branch fresheners.

Honey

Biological Source:- Sugar secretion depoisted in honey

comb by the bees, Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata and other species of Apis, belonging to family Apidae.

Chemical Constituents:

Aq solution of glucose 35%, fructose 45%, and sucrose about 2% . Other constituents are maltose, gum, acetic acid,enzymes.

Glucose

Uses:

Used as a demulcent and sweetening agent.

It is antiseptic and applied to burns and wounds. Used in preparation of creams, lotions, soft drinks and candies also.

Liquorice

Biological Source:- Dried, peeled or unpeeled,

root and stolon of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn., belonging to family Leguminosae.

Chemical Constituents:

Glycyrrhizin is a potassium and calcium salts of glycyrrhizinic acid on hydrolysis yield glycyrrhetinic acid. Other constituent are glucose, sucrose, asparagin and fat.

Glycyrrhetinic acid

Uses:

Used as an sweetening agent, expectorant and demulcent.

Used as an flavouring agent. Used in peptic ulcer in the form of deglycyrrhized liquorice (DGL)

Gymnema

Biological Source:- Leaves of a perennial woody climber

plant Gymnema sylvestre , family Asclepiadaceae.

Chemical Constituents:- Leaves contain phytin, resin,

tartaric acid, formic acid, butyric acid, gymnemic acid and anthraquinone derivatives.

Uses:- Used as antidiabetic, stomachic, stimulant, laxative

and diuretic.

Sugarcane

Biological Source:- Tall perennial true grasses of the

Saccharum officinarum, belonging to family (Gramineae). Poaceae

Chemical Constituents:- Contain 42% cellulose, 25%

hemicellulose and 20% lignin.

Cellulose

Uses:

Mainly used for manufacture of jaggery or gur and sugar. Used for preparation of juice, syrup and also for chewing purpose. Baggase is used as a fuel and for making paper. Molasses is used for preparing alcohol and other chemicals.

Liquid Glucose

Biological Source:- Purified concentrated solution of

nutritive saccharides.

Chemical Constituents:- Contain 40% D(+) glucose,

maltose, dextrin and about 20% water.

Uses:

Used in jams, jellies, creams, ice-creams, bakery, tobacco. Its Hygroscopic and non-crystalline property.

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