Evaporation Condensation

Boiling

Freezing

Energy and Changes Of State

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A change in state from a liquid to a gas is known as what?

Evaporation

Is evaporation a heating or cooling process?

A cooling process

What happens to the kinetic energy of an object that evaporates?

Kinetic energy increases

How does the human body use evaporation to cool itself?

Sweat glands on the human body produce perspiration that evaporates and takes energy from the body, cooling it.

Apply what you know about evaporation to explain why a dog pants on a hot day.

Evaporation of the water on the dogs tongue cools the dog because the water takes away energy as it leaves.

What is a change in state from a gas to a liquid known as?

Condensation

Is condensation a heating or a cooling process?

Condensation is a heating process.

When the air cannot hold anymore water, it is said to be what?

The air is referred to as saturated

Which will contain more water vapor, warm air or cool air?

Warm air will hold more vapor

Why is a steam burn more damaging than a burn received from boiling water?

Because of the difference in state steam has more kinetic energy than a liquid creating a more intense burn.

The change in state from liquid to a gas beneath the surface of a liquid is a process known as what?

Boiling

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

Evaporation takes place at the surface of a liquid and boiling takes place beneath the surface.

Why does the temperature at which a liquid boils depend on atmospheric pressure?

The vapor in bubbles must be powerful enough to resist the air pressure.

Is boiling a heating or cooling process?

cooling

Why are pressure cookers more useful in the mountains than at sea level?

Pressure is not as high in the mountains, so the pressure cooker would greatly increase the temperature of the boiling water.

What is the change of state from a liquid to a solid known as?

Freezing

Can the fact that salt is dissolved in water change its freezing point?

Yes, salt lowers the freezing point

What is the Phenomenon of melting and re-freezing under pressure?

Regelation

What is it about the structure of ice that allows it to be crushed under pressure?

It has an open crystal structure

What process occurs when making a snowball?

Regelation, the pressure from you compacting the snow temporarily melts the snow and then it freezes back together holding all the snow together.

Energy is absorbed during which of the change of state processes?

Melting and evaporation

Energy is released during which of the change of state processes?

Condensation and freezing

How many calories of heat energy must be applied for ice to melt?

80 calories

How many calories of heat energy must be applied to water to evaporate it?

540 calories

How many calories does it take to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius?

It takes 1 calorie per degree Celsius raised.