Lecture 6, Organizing - Managing Information Technology, Design, HRM-New

ORGANIZING
Managing Information Technology, and HRM
Muhammad Adnan Khan adnan_comsats@yahoo.com IIUI

By Muhammad Adnan Khan
Lecture Outline
1.
Take a brief introduction to Technology and the
Design of Work Processes

2.
Introduce to the Staffing and Human
Resource Management
Data
Raw facts and figures
Information
The meaningful, useful interpretation of
data
The New Economy

Changing Technology
Globalization
Globalization
What is the need of the day ?

Manage information
efficiently and
effectively / quickly.
Information Management
Business people today are bombarded
with facts and figures.

Latest data is received by businesses
from plants, branches, and sales offices every day all time.
Shapes, information can take!

Information about customers location and
order patterns Information about suppliers and finished goods on hand Information about workers pay and productivity Information about products in development, Information about competitors and customers
If you are not an active internet citizen
by the mid 1990s youre likely to be out of business by the year 2000
Patricia B. Seybold
Computer-industry consultant
Internet how it serves?

Internet can work as an information tool
that will allow companies to be more
competitive.
Why is this data required ?

The data received is used for critical
decision making.
Then? Whats the challenge?

How can business get useful
information to the right people at the right time?

Information Managers
Managers responsible for designing and
implementing systems to gather, organize, and distribute information.
Information must be protected

Most businesses regard their
information as a private resource - an asset that they plan, develop, and protect.
Management Information Systems

System for transforming raw data into
information that can be used in decision making

Information managers must also control
the flow of information so that it goes only to people who need it!
Information, varies!
Information supplied to employees and
managers varies according to such factors as the functional areas in which they work (say, accounting or marketing) and, the levels of management that they occupy
Relative Amount of Time That Managers Spend on the Four Managerial Functions
First line managers need information to oversee the
day-to-day operations of the business

Middle managers need summaries and analysis to
help them set intermediate and long range goals and to plan strategies for reaching them.
Top management needs analyses of broader trends
in the economy and the overall business environment in order to conduct long-range and corporate planning.
National Sales Manager (top management)

Consumer preference trends Federal Regulations Competitor Product Development Internal sales summary by product and region
Regional Sales Manager (middle management)

Monthly sales summary by product and branch Competitors sales by product line in each district
Daily sales and deliveries per salesperson Weekly sales for branch and competition
Branch Sales Manager (first-line management)

The computer revolution

Today, managing information means
managing computers as information tools.

Changes in computer technology have
revolutionized the way businesses manage information.
The Role of Females In IT
The Role Of Males in IT?
MCB Muslim Commercial Bank

Today, if you are visiting Karachi and run
short of cash just get the cash from an ATM, or request someone at home to deposit money into your Wah account, and withdraw it from any ATM at Lahore.
The digital age has arrived. Consumers are
becoming more comfortable with sophisticated electronic devices

- Joseph P. Clayton
Executive vice president of Thomson Consumer Electronics
The key features of the Computer

Speed of processing Accuracy of processing
Ability to store programs

Ability to make comparisons
What is a computer system?

Electronic system
designed to turn data into information
Elements of the computer system

Hardware Software
People
Control
Data
Office automation
Office automation refers to the computer-
based devices and applications whose function is to enhance the performance of general office activities.
Lets discuss the following
Fax machine Voice mail Email

Fax Machine
Machine that can transmit copies of
documents (text and graphics) over telephone lines
Voice mail
Computer-based system for receiving
and delivering incoming telephone calls
Electronic mail (Email)

Computer system that electronically
transmits letters, reports, and other
information between computers
Executive Information System (EIS)

Easy access information cluster
specially designed for upper level
managers
Organizing Workforce
Human Resource Management

My definition: HRM consists of the policies, practices, and decisions that concern making effective and efficient use of the employees of an organization in order to achieve the organizations objectives.
Book Definition:The function performed in organizations that facilitates the most effective use of people (employees) to achieve organizational and individual goals.
Human Resource?
People Who Work In an organization. Also Called personnel/Human Resource

So, Its Means

Right Person for the Right Job at the Right Time on the right Place
HRM Its All About Results
For many years it has been said that capital is the bottleneck for a developing industry. I dont think this any longer holds true. I think its the work force and a companys inability to recruit and maintain a good work force that does constitute the bottleneck. F. K. Foulkes
Remember!
Every manager is involved with human
resource decisions in his or her unit.
Three Components of HRM
Why are we concerned about HRM????
Why HRM?
Helps you to get results through others
Why HRM??
Avoid Common Personnel Mistakes
Why HRM?
Help you gain Competitive Advantage
HR Challenges
Environmental Challenges
Rapid Change
Work force Diversity

Globalization
Legislation
Workforce
World Politics
Technology
Social Trends
Forces For Change

Competition
Economic Shocks
Work Force Diversity
Women on Jobs
Until 1960, only 32% of
By the end of this year, women will up 52% of the total work force in the United States
married women were in the U.S. labor force. Today this figure is close to 60% Until the end of this year 61% of all working-age women in the US will have jobs
Globalization
National borders have become nearly meaningless today in defining an organization's operating boundaries.
Cultural Diversity
Canada has large populations of people who have recently immigrated from Pakistan, Hong Kong, and Middle Eastern countries
Multiculturalism Globalization has been
reducing barriers to the immigration. People from different countries are working together in workforces of different countries
Legislation
Formal Policies on Sexual harassment Internal Administrative Control
Organizational Challenges
Technological Changes
Cellular Phone
E-mail
Modem Internet Fax Machine
How quickly times have changed !!!
Organizational Challenges(Cont)
TQM Decentralization
Downsizing
Organizational restructuring
Organizational culture
HR Planning
Human Resource Planning
The process of an organization uses to ensure that it has the right amount and right kind of people to deliver a particular level of output or services in the future.
Four sequential steps to provide appropriate human resources for an organization
Step 1 Recruitment
Step 2 Selection
Step 3 Training
Step 4 Performance appraisal
About Recruitment and Selection

Recruitment and selection are two core
activities in the filed of human resource management (HRM).

The shift from personnel management
to an HRM approach has led to these activates being firmly embedded in the wider human resource plan.
Who is involved in the process of recruitment and selection?

Senior managers The personnel/HRM department
Line managers (immediate managers)

Recruitment consultants (or agencies)
Human Resource Planning(Cont)
Forecasting & Planning

Jon Analysis & Job Description Recruiting & Screening
Testing & Interview HRIS
Functions of HRM
The Basic Functions of HR Department
Staffing HRD Compensation & Benefits Safety & Health Employee & labor relations
Training and Development

Training Teaching organizational members how to perform current jobs and helping them to acquire the knowledge and skills they need to be effective performers. Development Building the knowledge and skills of organizational members to enable them to take on new duties and challenges. Training is used more often at lower levels of firm;
development is common with managers.
Conducting Training Program
Type of Training
Area of Training
Career Counseling & Development
Training from Aboard Through new technologies
Through new courses & program
Performance Appraisal and Feedback
Performance Appraisal
The evaluation of employees job performance and contributions to their organization.
Performance Feedback
The process through which managers share performance appraisal information, give subordinates an opportunity to reflect on their own performance, and develop, with subordinates, plans for the future.
Who Appraises Performance?
Who Appraises Performance? (contd)
Self
Self appraisals can supplement manager view. Peer appraisal Coworkers provide appraisal; common in team settings. 360 Degree A performance appraisal by peers, subordinates, superiors, and clients who are in a position to evaluate a managers performance
Pay and Benefits

Pay Level
The relative position of an organizations incentives in comparison with those of other firms in the same industry employing similar kinds of workers.
Managers can decide to offer low, average or high relative wages. High wages attract and retain high performers but raise costs; low wages can cause turnover and lack of motivation but provide lower costs.
Pay and Benefits (contd)

Pay Structure
The arrangement of jobs into categories based on their relative importance to the organization and its goals, level of skills, and other characteristics.
Benefits
Legally required: Social Security, unemployment insurance and workers compensation. Voluntary: health insurance, retirement, day care. Cafeteria-style benefits plans allow employees to choose the best mix of benefits for them; such plans can be hard to manage.
Labor Relations
Labor Relations
The activities managers engage in to ensure they have effective working relationships with the labor unions that represent their employees interests.
Unions
A group of workers, acting together,
seeking to promote and protecting their
mutual interests through collective

bargaining.
Employee Safety & Health
Clean Environment
Medical Allowance
Create Awareness About Dangerous Deceases
What is Job Analysis?

The Systematic Process of collecting information used to make decision about jobs. Job Analysis Identifies the task, duties, and responsibilities of a particular job.
The procedures for determining the duties and skill requirements of a job and the kind of person who should be hired for it.
Job Description: A written document that identifies,
describes, and defines a job in term of its duties, responsibilities, working conditions, and specification.
Job Specification: A list of jobs Human requirements
that is the requisite education, skills, personality, and so on.
Job description A written statement of what a job holder does, how it is done, and why it is done Tasks, duties and responsibilities that the job entails Job specification A statement of the minimum acceptable qualifications that an incumbent must possess to perform a given job successfully Knowledge, skills, and abilities required of the job holder
Recruitment And Selection

Recruitment
The process of locating, identifying, and attracting capable applicants

Selection process
The process of screening job applicants to ensure that the most appropriate candidates are hired
Selection Tools
Figure 11.3
Downsizing Options
Firing Layoffs
Attrition
Transfers Reduced
workweeks Early retirements

Exhibit 6.4
Techniques of Job Analysis

Interviews Questionnaires Observation Self description Which method should be used?
Contents of a Job Advertisement

Organization Job Conditions Qualifications and experience Rewards
Application process
Characteristics of a Job Advertisement

Concise Attractive Positive and honest Relevant and appropriate to the job and
the applicant
What is difference between application form and CV?

Application forms may be used in small
organizations, but larger ones require CVs with covering letters. Presentation of CV tells a great deal about the candidate. Application forms have the advantage of being standardized.
What is Change?
An alteration of an organization's
environment, structure, technology, or people.
Point in view!
People are always
resistant to change but the change is the only true reality of organizations Good managers are change managers
Thank you!

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ORGANIZING

Managing Information Technology, and HRM

Muhammad Adnan Khan adnan_comsats@yahoo.com IIUI

Take a brief introduction to Technology and the

Design of Work Processes

Introduce to the Staffing and Human

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

The New Economy

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

What is the need of the day ?

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

with facts and figures.

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Shapes, information can take!

If you are not an active internet citizen

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Internet how it serves?

that will allow companies to be more

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Why is this data required ?

Then? Whats the challenge?

information to the right people at the right time?

Managers responsible for designing and

implementing systems to gather, organize, and distribute information.

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Information must be protected

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Management Information Systems

information that can be used in decision making

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

First line managers need information to oversee the

day-to-day operations of the business

National Sales Manager (top management)

Regional Sales Manager (middle management)

Branch Sales Manager (first-line management)

The computer revolution

managing computers as information tools.

revolutionized the way businesses manage information.

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

The Role of Females In IT

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

The Role Of Males in IT?

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

MCB Muslim Commercial Bank

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

The digital age has arrived. Consumers are

becoming more comfortable with sophisticated electronic devices

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

The key features of the Computer

Ability to store programs

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

What is a computer system?

designed to turn data into information

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Elements of the computer system

By Muhammad Adnan Khan

Fax machine Voice mail Email

documents (text and graphics) over telephone lines

By Muhammad Adnan Khan