Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Matching Game
Purpose of writing
Communicate with each other
Record information which last over time Present information, ideas and feelings for a variety of purposes and audiences Enhance oral development and reinforce the language structures and vocabulary that learners acquire
Process of writing
Activate knowledge Take in information
Generate ideas
Organize and reorganize ideas/ Recreate meanings
What are the writing skills to be developed for KS1 and KS2?
Stages of writing
In primary schools, learners go through four stages in developing their writing skills, i.e. 1.Copying 2.Controlled writing 3.Guided writing 4.Independent writing
Approaches of writing
Parallel writing Modelled writing Shared and interactive writing Experiential writing Creative writing Process writingetc
Creative writing is writing that expresses the writer's thoughts and feelings in an imaginative, often unique, and poetic way. Creative writing is guided more by the writer's need to express feelings and ideas than by restrictive demands of factual and logical progression of expository writing.
http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/ReferenceMaterials/GlossaryOfLiteracy Terms/WhatIsCreativeWriting.htm
What is creativity?
Different definitions: 1. It is the ability to produce original ideas and solve problems 2. It is the result of a complex of cognitive skills/abilities, personality factors, motivation, strategies and metacognitive skill.
<Draft> English Language Curriculum Guide (P.1-6), p.69
Elements of creativity
Flexibility Fluency Originality Elaboration
Sensitivity to problems
Synectics
Provide challenges
Appreciate individuality and openness Encourage open discussion Absence of conflicts Allow time for thinking Encourage confidence and willingness to take risk Appreciate and support new ideas
<Draft> English Language Curriculum Guide (P.1-6), p.69
A comfortable and resourceful teaching environment is very important for initiating creativity. And more important is teachers should provide students with a pressure-free, harmonic, free and encouraging environment so that students will be able to express freely. In developing students creativity, teachers should allow mistakes.
Timberlake 1982, Chan 1988, Lee 1992
Event
Problem
Resolutions
running competition
slow, fast, lazy, stupid, clever, work hard, sleep, hot, tired, a long time
Swimming competition
Cant swim, clever, find a bridge, jump, easy, cool, proud Swim well, comfortable, enjoying,
stage!
2. Thematic Tree
1. 2. 3. 4. Start with a common theme Reflect on the theme Develop sub-themes Keep on thinking relevant ideas
Theme: My Flat
My flat 1 living room TV, sofa, cupboards, coffee table, lamp 1 kitchen stove, sink, pans, cupboards, kettle, cups, plates 2 bedrooms computer, toys, bed, lamp, cupboards, pillow, 1 toilet 1 dining room
3. Multi-dimensional writing
Assign students a role and they have to write for that role.
Example
Teacher discusses a car accident with the students Students discuss how the accident can be avoided. They have to imagine they are the: 1. driver 2. passengers 3. pedestrians
Other examples
1. Imagine you are the Papa Bear,
write rules for Goldilocks so as to
Example
1. Teacher puts the word cooking on the board. 2. Brainstorm words related to cooking. (ingredients, cooking utensils, different ways to cook, people who cook, different tastes ) 3. Tell students to focus on the ingredients, cooking utensils and ways to cook. 4. Group the words under these 3 sub-themes 5. Teach students how to write a recipe A loving recipe for _____________
Break Time!!
(Be back in 15 minutes!)
Writing stories
1. Transformation
(a)Creating a new ending / new version to the story (b) Making an appeal
Example
Making an appeal Imagine you are the Troll, write about why you are so fierce to the goats. I am fierce to the goats because
Language help
Goats kicked trolls mother Mother fell into the water Mother died No one took care of Troll Hated the goats
Goats ate all the grass No more grassland, trees All the other animals were hungry
reasons
The goats were naughty Always kicked the troll Ate the grass and flowers in his garden
Sample work
When I arrived at the grassland, I saw ___________. I smelt ________ and it was __________. I could hear ____________________. I touched ____________________. Finally, I ate the grass and it tasted _________________.
3. Character empathy
Write for the characters and express how they feel (letter, diary) examples: - Write about Baby Bears feeling when he saw his broken chair. (letter) - Write about Cinderellas feeling at home. (diary)
Example
Activity Sheet Part 7 When writing Cinderellas diary, what language help will you give your students? Discuss with your groupmates.
I am so unhappy today. My sisters made me wake up at 5:00 a.m. I am so tired. They made me cook breakfast for the whole family. They made me feed the animals and take the dog out for a walk. They didnt let me have my breakfast and I was hungry all day. They made me
Language help: past tense
4. Imagination
(a) If Create a new ending based on an assumption e.g. If the Little Billy Goat Gruff couldnt cross bridge, Activity sheet Part 8 Now, it is your turn to create a new ending! 1,2,3go!
Language help
Troll took him home No food for Little Billy Goat Little Billy Goat was very hungry. Little Billy Goat died Troll took him home. Troll and Little Billy Goat Gruff became friends Troll took care of Little Billy Goat Lived together happily
New endings
The two brother goats didnt see Little Goat Brothers were sad Brothers went back to the bridge to find Little Goat The two brother goats fought with the troll. Brothers won and took Little Goat home
Discuss what Cinderellas dream is. Write about your own dream (e.g. poem writing).
Sample Work
My dream
When I am 20, I want to be a teacher. I will teach pupils to draw pictures. When I am 30, I want to be someones wife. I want to have 3 children in my life. When I am 40, I want to be richer and richer. But I dont want to get fatter and fatter. When I am 50, I want to travel around the world. And I am going to Disneyland and Movie World.
Sample work
DSCN0863.JPG DSCN0864.JPG DSCN0865.JPG DSCN0866.JPG
Any questions?
Contact information
Project officer: Amy Fan Tel. no.: 2364 6471 Email address: amyfan@emb.gov.hk
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