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A snapshot of EVM
Introduction of the EVM concept in the world 1970
1982-84
1990 2004 2005 2006
2009
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In Ghaziabad (UP), Mr. Satish, an independent candidate, secured 998 votes in 24 rounds. But all 501 votes in booth no. 247 went to him, and BJP and Congress candidates got 0 votes each and BSP candidate Amar Pal Sharma got 1 vote. He has no locus-standy in theat boot.Rajnath Singh won by 80,000+ votes.
In Nimasahi, Cuttack (Orissa), Booth No.160 Any button pressed, light/ vote flashed in favour of BJD. Presiding Officer/ polling officials had no explanation for the same, but Election Commission had to accept the manipulation/ malfunctioning of EVM. Re-polling was held in this booth, after Congress and BJP protests. In Khammam Constituency, Polling Station 198, EVM could not read data and the votes were discounted by the officer. As per data collected by the District Collector, this booth data is missing. In Pedakurapadu (Guntur, AP) Booth No. 2, after a total of 122 votes were polled, the EVM malfunctioned and had to be replaced.
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NANDED EVM Failure votes given to any candidate in booth no. 265 of Mukhed Vidhansabha in the Nanded Parliamentary Constituency in Maharashtra were transferred to Congress. South Mumbai EVM Failure votes given to any candidate in booth no. 183 of Shivadi Assembly ( No 161) in the South Mumbai Parliamentary Constituency in Maharashtra were transferred to Congress.
According to Rediff news, May 16, 2009: The Shiv Senas Mohan Rawale alleged that there was a problem with some EVMs wonders how I got only 5 votes from an area that is a Shiv Sena stronghold,
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62
264
19
158
449
63
247
27
125
401
64
241
24
102
379
How did an Independent candidate get so many votes from an area where he has no connection? In all other areas, he got 0 or 1 vote.
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320
06
140
08
57
14
09
71
289
14
169
16
50
09
07
08
07
569
72
313
10
223
14
90
05
07
27
12
701
73
133
07
11
319
71
07
02
03
03
556
74
369
10
288
21
68
11
07
24
15
813
For the same booth, voting for Assembly is total contradiction (see next Table)
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129
332
79
71
170
10
308
41
569
72
227
23
16
326
77
700
73
332
115
10
71
15
556
74
276
31
370
91
11
815
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104
112 198 231 240 257 257
224
198 142 31 250 44 45
Parkal
Khammam Vijayawada West Giddalur Sullurpeta (SC) Panyam Panyam
Ramachandrapuram
Kothagudem Mallikarjuna Petta Kandulapuram MPP School Ramapuram Kuppam Bollavaram Bollavaram 13 of 37
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Vangara Dornala Gandikota Goriganur Dharmapuram Devagudi K. Sirigepalli Devagudi Peddandlur Jammalmadugu
P.Sugumanchipalle
11 27 555 712 458 776 782 920 822 398 391 776
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 27 555 712 457 774 780 917 818 396 389 772
100 100 100 100 99.8 99.7 99.7 99.7 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.5
Khajipet
Yarrathivaripalle
13
14 15
Punganur
Jammalamadugu Kamalapuram
Sadam
Jammalamadugu Kamalapuram
166
76 3
640
695 445
0
0 0
0
0 0
635
685 437
99.2
98.6 98.2
Goriganur Kokatam
Congress candidate got almost 100% votes in these booths, pointing to a possible manipulation.
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65-Gondi
TOTAL
241,090
1447,902
155,496
1029,073
155,698
1028,664
202
1,373
Difference observed in 61 booth,in the figure published by Returning Officer/ 15 of 37 Election Commission,in the vote polled & the votes counted by EVM
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EVMs in USA
In April 2004, California banned 14,000 EVMs because the manufacturer (Diebold Election Systems) had installed uncertified software that had never been tested, and criminal prosecution initiated against the manufacturer. During 2004 Presidential elections, in Gahanna, Ohio, only 638 votes were cast, but EVM result declared Bush received 4,258 votes to Kerrys 260.
A study by UC Berkeleys Quantitative Methods Research Team reported that irregularities associated with EVMs may have awarded 130,000 - 260,000 votes to George Bush in Florida in 2004.
Various relevant bills proposed in the US House/ Senate:- HR 550 (2005); HR 774 and S 330 (2005); HR 939 and S 450 (2005); HR 533 and S 17 (2005); HR 278 (2005); HR 5036 (2008)
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The Machine denies the right to know, violation of fundamental right & right to recount German Supreme Court March 2009 Electoral voting machines as untrustworthy and unconstitutional. Every voter should be able to understand whether their secret votes cast are recorded in an unadulterated and wholly transparent manner. The said judgment by Germanys Supreme Court currently reflects the scientific doubts that other countries now hold about conducting elections through the EVMs. The essence of the judgment leaves voters with the knowledge that the risks associated with electronic electoral fraud is not compulsory to accept.
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Implimentation of Recommendations ?
The Committee unanimously recommends the use of the upgraded EVMs in elections, after due modifications stated in this report. EC implemented these recommendations ? In fact Total 13.78 lacs EVM used in loksabha 2009 elections Only 4.48 lacs were New Up graded EVM 9.30 lacs were Old EVM ( without Upgraded) These 9.30 lacs vulnerable to Hacking ? Vulnerable to EMI i.e. Electro Magnetic Interference ? Maharashtra all EVM used were of prior to 2005 Maharashtra EVM used were made during 1998 to 2004
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Age,replacement ,up-gradation of EVMs. Adpotion of most modern technology.Implimentation of security measures in reality.
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No verification program developed to cross check every chip for genuine code before mounting on to the circuit board of EVM. No manufacturer in a position to define whether chips are original due to lack of thorough verification tool.
Technically not clear how any embedded device without any processor or microcontroller or any chip transfer data with encryption. The E2PROM being replaced while polling operations being conducted due to E2PROM malfunctioning, should have made EVM inoperative. Software modification not possible due to hardware design as the chips used are masked Chips and technically unalterable and require a complete new Circuit Board with a new chip mounted on it with proposed modifications to the software
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As the entire lot has the same Unique ID and is sent along with the source code to the vendor for fusing into the Chip, there is a possibility of Trojan being added into the chip with the ID already existing.
Pre-poll: The allotment of keys on the Ballot Unit is done through the Control Unit by pressing the CANDIDATE SELECTION button. Trojan can be activated to favour a particular key by means of adding percentage over other key or by deducting a set of votes polled for all other keys and adding to the favoured key. It cannot be detected. While Poll Trojan can be activated by anybody going in as a voter entering the sequential key code on the Ballot Unit. This can go absolutely undetected. Even if few EVMs were upgraded with Dynamic Key Coding, the program is incapable of recording every key pressed and key sequence when pressed activates the Trojan. Also to test each EVM with such a number of key sequences would be highly impossible.
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Concluding remarks
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Conclusion
In light of all the above discussions, it is clear that there is reasonable doubt about the reliability of EVMs. Tripura recently held elections of local bodies EVM were not used Local Bodies Elections EVM with Detachable Memory used. Need to correct it. Tamilnadu CEO Election Commission MR Gupta announced Only new upgraded EVM shall be used in bye elections of 5 assembly constituencies Supreme Court now stated We are not under estimating the issues & concern raise. Election Commission are the Authority to handle this issue. If they dont than The Supreme Court can be approached
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Conclusion
In light of all the above discussions, it is clear that there is reasonable doubt about the reliability of EVMs. Given the poor experience with EVMs worldwide, it is difficult to believe that India EVMs are somehow far superior to those used elsewhere, and somehow immune to fraud. It is entirely possible that the election machinery has taken every possible step in good faith, but that clever criminals have subverted the system for their own ends.
Use technology which can be understood by commonliterat/illiterate voters & un-trained polling staff.
Improved transparency, and public scrutiny of the system, including an analysis of ways in which it can be made more secure, are urgent and imperative before any future elections. Use EVM with paper Back-up. Thank you
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