Gambar arsitektur

pokok bahasan: gambar teknik untuk tahap pra-rencana

Conran, T. (1984). The grolier House Book 2 (pp.405), London: Grolier International Inc.

McDonald, R. (2007). Illustrated Building Pocket Book (pp.52), Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.

Preliminary-Design and Concept Drawings

At the initial promotional stages of a project, the architect or designer often prepares preliminary sketches, which are essentially schematic design/concept-development drawings. These provide a convenient and practical basis for communication between the designer and the owner in the idea formulation stage. During the design phase, these drawings go through many alterations, helping the client to determine the most aesthetically attractive and functional design. These drawings are not meant for construction but rather for exploratory purposes, providing an overall concept that reflects the clients needs, as well as functional studies, materials to be used, preliminary cost estimates and budget, preliminary construction approvals, etc.

Preliminary drawings are also typically used to explore with other consultants concepts relating to the mechanical, plumbing, and electrical systems to be provided.
These are followed by formal design-development drawings prior to the working-drawing or construction-document stage.

Pengembangan desain Villa Savoye (1928-1930), karya Le Corbusier

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.114), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.114), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Eve, B. (1997). Architecture and Cubism (pp.159), Cambridge: MIT Press.

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.56), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.62), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.61, 112-113), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Risselada, M. (ed). (1989). Raumplan versus Plan Libre: Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier 19191930 (pp.62, 112-113), New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc.

Seperti apakah gambar pra-rencana yang baik? Setidaknya memenuhi 3 hal, yaitu: 1. apa (what) Harus dapat diketahui elemen yang akan dirakit atau sesuatu yang akan didirikan. Informasi ini mengisyaratkan elemen fisik dan dimensi 2. di mana (where) Harus dapat diketahui di mana elemen akan diletakkan.

Informasi ini mengisyaratkan gambar potongan dan dimensi

3. bagaimana (how)

harus dapat diketahui bagaimana hubungan antar elemen perakitnya.

proyeksi ortografik

Gambar situasi (site plan)

gambar bagian atas bangunan + tapak skala lebih kecil gambar ruang-ruang dalam bangunan terlihat dari atas jmlh gambar = jmlh tingkat gambar sisi-sisi vertikal bangunan scr frontal dari luar jmlh gambar = min. 4 sisi

Apa yang disajikan dalam gambar prarencana?

Gambar denah (floor plan) Gambar tampak (elevation)

gambar bagian dalam bangunan dilihat scr frontal Gambar potongan jmlh gambar = min. 2, yaitu (section) membujur dan melintang gambar bangunan terlihat secara tiga dimensi Gambar perspektif jmlh gambar = min. 2, yaitu (perspectives) perspektif eksterior dan interior

 Orthographic comes from the Greek word for straight writing (or drawing). Orthographic projection shows the object as it looks from the front, right, left, top, bottom, or back, and different views are typically positioned relative to each other according to the rules of either firstangle or third-angle projection. Ortho views depict the exact shape of an object seen from one side at a time as you are looking perpendicularly to it without showing any depth. Common types of orthographic drawings include plans, elevations, and sections.

The most obvious attribute of orthographic drawing is its constant scalethat is, all parts of the drawing are represented without foreshortening or distortion, retaining their true size, shape, and proportion. Thus, in an orthographic drawing, a window shown to be 8 feet wide by 4 feet high will always be drawn at this size, no matter how far it is from our viewpoint.

Views of an object being projected according to firstangle projection which is the ISO standard and is primarily used in Europe and Asia (source: Wikimedia Commons).

Arah mata angin sebagai petunjuk posisi bangunan (A =utara, selalu mengarah ke atas)

garis proyeksi

Situasi

Tampak C

Tampak B