Solid waste management

By U.Vetrivel B.E

INTRODUCTION
The importance of environmental protection has been realized in the developed world in the later half of the past century. This is turn has resulted in emphasis on environmental education around the world. Realizing the importance of sanitation, west of the modern early human civilizations had constructed well planned drainage systems for removal of waste. In the modern era, more pollution related problems cropped up as side effects resulting from various developmental activities.

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT :( ISWM)

Integrated solid waste management system

1. Waste source identification and characterization 2. Efficient waste collection 3. Reduction of volume and toxicity of the waste to be discarded 4. Land disposal or incineration of the waste past the reduction goal. 5. Optimization of the first four steps to reduce cost and environmental impact.

REMODULATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Smelting of Aluminum cans and scraps metals into household utensils. Transforming old car tyres into shoes, ropes, flower pots. Paper and plastic waste articles into tourists products. Paper and carton is transformed into newspapers.

DISPOSAL MAJOR EQUIPMENTS AND ITS EFFECTS

LANDFILL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Existing unit Airport Safety Wetlands Fault Areas and Seismic Zones

INCINERATAING SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Requirements Design Requirements Mass burn incinerators Refractory Lined Incinerators Waste-to-Energy Facilities

CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGES OF WORLD & REGIONAL ANNUAL URBAN POPULATION

COMPOSTING MANAGEMENT: Types of systems Mixed solid waste (MSW) composting

Paper, food scraps, woodwaste, and yardwaste

 General Requirements

Food waste composting

Food processors, food wholesalers/distributors, grocery stores, restaurants, schools, and hospitals

Design Requirements

TRANSFER STATIONS
General Requirements collection and transport routes, the number and type of the transfer Vehicles to be used, frequency of waste transfer and the schedule for collection and transport.

 Design Requirements unloading, storage, compaction and loading which are in an enclosed building or covered areas with all the instruments or devices must be installed for ventilation and controlling dust, litter and odour.

Conclusion
Globalization and urbanization have come to stay. Finding solutions to problems associated with urbanization and globalization, while at the same time realizing their positive prospects would be the better way out.. Such will produce city leaders who will not close their eyes to the environmental degradation by multinationals while opening their pockets, but forward looking leaders who will put their city, its environment and its people ahead of every other consideration. This will make our aim to be perfect and reachable one.Thus, we will have some limitations in our day-to-day life, and surely INDIA must to be a well developed before