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COURSE CODE:ZOO II COURSE TITLE:Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (Zoology II) Course Prerequisite: General Zoology PROFESSOR: AP GLEN R. MANGALI

Course Rationale:
Discusses the evolution of vertebrates (origin,

anatomical and physiological features, development, and how those features allow vertebrates to perceive their environment. The course is intended for Psychology students entering health care or medically related fields. Zoology II introduces basic knowledge and skills in Anatomy principles and application and classifies vertebrates and presents the interrelation of Comparative Anatomy with other branches of Zoology.

Course Description
This 3 unit lecture and 2 unit laboratory subject

involves guided discussion (3 hrs. a week) and a laboratory (3 hrs. a week) and reinforces the facts and concepts discussed in Zoo1 through dissections, examination of models comparison of structures, similarities and differences, laboratory activities which emphasizes the functional system of evolutionary vertebrates and what they carry within their structures, and other hands-on experiences.

Course Credit:
5 units (3 hours lecture and 3 hours

laboratory per week)

General Objectives
At the end of the course, the students are expected to: integrate the vertebrate biology form and function; develop critical reading, writing and thinking skills through exams, assignments, and reports; correlate the similarities and differences between Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy to other the branches of Zoology

Specific Objectives:
Cognitive
Use the scientific method to design and conduct a

clinical research study Compare and contrast anatomical parts of each organ system among different classes of vertebrates. Describe the anatomy of the endocrine, circulatory, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems from prepared slides, models, and animal dissections.

Specific Objectives:
Affective
Presents clinical research study Perform cat dissections accurately Differentiate the characteristics of vertebrates to

human body

Specific Objectives:
Psychomotor
Handle delicate instruments and harmful chemicals

in performing laboratory activities. Prepare an oral presentation and written summary of laboratory activities using the scientific method Use basic laboratory and medical equipment (microscopes, sphygmomanometers, stethoscopes) to evaluate functions of the different body systems.

How to be ready for the course?

List of materials for laboratory use

1.

Dissecting instruments One scalpel ( with replaceable blades) One probe ( blunt-tipped) One pair of forceps

2. Cat paraphernalia Two pieces cheesecloths of katsa Straw strings Refuse bag ( plastic) Cat bag ( synthetic leather)

3. Preservatives ( to be supplied by the school). To prevent drying out of the tissues during the dissection, occasional wetting with the following fluid, which will keep the muscles soft and pliable Wetting solution
30 grams of carbolic acid or phenol 250 cc glycerine 1000 cc water

Injecting Solution
10 % solution 1 part formalin 9 parts water

250 ml glycerine

4. Steel saw, wire cutter and light hammer ( for exposing the brain)

Tips on the proper handling of the embalmed cat

1.

Proper Sanitation must be maintained at all times during the laboratory period. Which means that:
In the first place, if after skinning the cat emits a foul odor the student should call at once the teachers attention. 2. The working table should not be left messy at the end of the period. Lay two sheets of old newspaper beneath the cheesecloth to catch fluids 3. Bit of tissues ( especially fats) offals removed from the cat must be gathered in a dissecting pan ( covered with paper), wrapped and properly disposed in the garbage.
1.

2. Avoid Accidents. BEFORE THE DISSECTION: NIP THE CATS CLAW BE ON GUARD WITH YOUR SCALPEL

3. Use HEAVY-DUTY DISSECTING INTRUMENTS 4. Discard the cats skin after dissection 5. Change the cheesecloth with new one every after meeting NOTE: Hung and exposed to air the washed cheesecloth to prevent multiplication of bacteria 6. Use paint brush for sponging solution and inject the formalin solution into the body cavities to prevent dessication 7. Bring your cat at home to discourage pilferage.