Presentation on :The Power Sector

Presented by :Sonam Singla Sukhmani Kaur Sumedha Sharma Sukhwinder Singh

Introduction to Power Sector

The power sector in India is mainly governed by the Ministry of Power. There are three major pillars of power sector these are :Generation Transmission Distribution.

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Accounting for 3.4% of global energy consumption by more than 17% of global population.
India is the sixth largest in terms of power generation.

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About 65% of the electricity consumed in India is generated by thermal power plants 22% by hydroelectric power plants 3% by nuclear power plants and rest by 10% from other alternate sources like solar, wind, biomass etc.

Types of Power Plants..

Thermal Power Plant Hydro Power Plant Nuclear Power Plant

Thermal Power Plant

Current installed capacity of Thermal Power is 111324.48 MW which is 65.75% of total installed capacity. Current installed base of Coal Based Thermal Power is 92418.38 MW which comes to 53.75% of total installed base.

Current installed base of Gas Based Thermal Power is 17706.35 MW which is 10.3% of total installed base.
Current installed base of Diesel Based Thermal Power is 1199.75 MW which is 0.69% of total installed base. The state of Maharashtra is the largest producer of thermal power in the country.

Hydro Power Plant

India was one of the pioneering countries in establishing hydro-electric power plants. The power plant at Darjeeling and Shimsha was established in 1898 and 1902 respectively and is one of the first in Asia. The installed capacity as on 31st approximately 37567.40MW i.e 21.64%. March 2011 was

The public sector has a predominant share of 97% in this sector.

Nuclear Power Plant

Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after thermal, hydro and renewable sources of electricity.

As of 2010, India has 19 nuclear power plants in operation generating 4,560 MW while 4 other are under construction and are expected to generate an additional 2,720 MW.

Problems Faced by Indian Power Sector

Demand and Supply Gap

The domestic energy requirement for the financial year 2010 was 8,30,594 million units (mkwh) while the energy generated was only 7,46,644 million units (mkwh) creating a gap of 83950 million units (mkwh).

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Fuel Shortages
1. Despite abundant reserves of coal, India is facing a severe shortage of coal. 2. The country isn't producing enough to feed its power plants. Some plants do not have reserve coal supplies to last a day of operations. 3. India's monopoly coal producer, state-controlled Coal India, is constrained by primitive mining techniques and is rife with theft and corruption; 4. To expand its coal production capacity, Coal India needs to mine new deposits.

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The giant new offshore natural gas field has delivered less fuel than projected. India faces a shortage of natural gas. India's nuclear power generation potential has been stymied by political activism since the Fukushima disaster in Japan. Average transmission, exceeding 30%. distribution and consumer-level losses

Over 300 million people in India have no access to electricity. Of those who do, almost all find electricity supply intermittent and unreliable.

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Lack of clean and reliable energy sources such as electricity is, in part, causing about 800 million people in India to continue using traditional biomass energy sources namely fuelwood, agricultural waste and livestock dung for cooking and other domestic needs. Government giveaways such as free electricity for farmers, partly to curry political favor, have depleted the cash reserves of state-run electricity-distribution system.

Solutions for these Problems

Indian power sector is mostly dependent on coal. India has 264 billion tonnes of coal reserve out of which 101 billion tonnes are proved category. With this big inventory of coal India do not need any other source for energy. Only limitation is the quality. One should always think of utilisation by improving technology on coal uses. To sustain the 21st century demand of power for the ever progressive nation it needs to address only the issue of uses and must go for future generations of boilers. At Production level reliable and quality products to be used whose failure chances should be very meager.

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Also the recruitments to be done in a fair way by selecting right candidate for right post by conducting proper theoretical & practical test, in spite of recruiting candidate under pressure of MLA, MPs and other categories. th of Economy of Electricity is affected in India due to non payment of Energy Bills by these high rank citizens. Major plants to increase power generation many fold to match the power requirement projected for coming 25 years. Power sector needs to optimize power factor of existing plants, to see that, present generated capacity is best utilized.

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Simultaneously, power sector needs to expand distribution system and maintain high distribution grid efficiency. For being profit making body, Power sector needs a very efficient system for recovering energy bills. This is particularly required, knowing the tendency of Indian politicians, who consider "free power" as one of the tool to get votes. We need to invest in R&D to find out a novel method of separating and utilizing the ash before firing it in the boilers. It is amazing that that we spend so much energy in just transporting the coal from the mines to the plants and almost half of it is useless. Use of more solar energy

Practical Problems Faced in Power Sector

Privatization in Power: Less gain, more pain!

North India Black out

Held on 26th june,2012

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States Uttar Pradesh Haryana Rajasthan Power Drawn 3762MU 2064MU 1505MU Authorized Power 3011MU 1817MU 1407MU