By:

Suhail More ME-E&TC Rollno-E1109 Under Guidance of: Prof C.V Kulkarni

Visible Light Communication

9 November 2012

Introduction Why VLC Technology Modulation VLC Consortium Applications Difficulties Conclusion and Outlook

Visible Light Communication

9 November 2012

New communication technology using Visible light. Visible light is only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Wavelength between 380nm(750 THz) to 750nm(428 THz).

Visible Light Communication

9 November 2012

It does not cause any health problems. No EM-interference. It is free. Fast switching. Ever-increasing market share of LEDs makes VLC ubiquitously available.

Visible Light Communication

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 Transmitters
Theoretically every kind of light source can be used as transmitting device. More promising alternatives are fluorescent lights and LEDs. LEDs are the predominant choice for transmitters.

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 Receivers
Photodiode receivers. CCD and CMOS sensors.

Visible Light Communication

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Phosphorus LEDs can achieve up to 40 Mbps. By using RGB LEDs data rates can go up to 100 Mbps. RCLEDs (Resonant Cavity LEDs) can achieve data rates up to 500 Mbps.
RCLEDS use Bragg reflectors to enhance the emitted light. Increased spectral purity when compared to conventional LEDs.

Visible Light Communication

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Transmitter unit

Receiver unit

Visible Light Communication

9 November 2012

Modulation is used to transform the data(given as a sequence of 0s and 1s) into a series of light pulses. Two main alternative modulation schemes: Pulse Position Modulation(PPM):
- Amplitude & width of pulse is constant. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK): - Digital information is transmitted through frequency changes of carrier wave.

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Property
EMI Line of Sight Standard Power Consumption Visibility Security Infrastructure Mobility Coverage, Distance Bandwidth

VL Comm.
NO YES Beginning Relatively low YES LED illumination Limited Narrow, Short More

RF Comm.
YES NO Matured Medium NO Access point YES Wide, Medium Less

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The Visible Light Communication Consortium was established in 2003 by Japanese techcompanies. Four Committees:
Research & Planning Technical Standardization Popularization

Two standards are proposed:

Standardization efforts for physical and media access layer are also done by IEEE 802.15, Task Group 7.
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JEITA CP-1221 JEITA CP-1222

Smart Home Network Commercial Aviation Hazardous Environments Hospital and Healthcare Defense and Military Applications Underwater Communications Indoor location estimation Vehicle to vehicle communication

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Many cars have LED lamps. Traffic signage, traffic lights, and street lamps are adopting the LED technology so there are massive applications opportunities here.

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There are advantages for using VLC in hospitals and in healthcare. Mobile phones and Wi-Fi's are undesirable in certain parts of hospitals, especially around MRI scanners and in operating theatres.

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Smart buildings require smart lighting. Smart lighting with VLC provides the infrastructure for illumination, control and communications and will greatly reduce wiring and energy consumption within a building.

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Radio waves do not propagate for a long distance under water. It was demonstrated that the flashlight visible light transmitter was able to transmit signals for 7 meters distance.

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Line of sight. Very high light intensity of other source can cause the sensor to misjudge the light from the original source. Short range.(max 15 meters)

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VLC is a promising technology even if it is still in a very early stage. Transmission rates are high as compared to other technology. Using arrays of LEDs more data transmission can be obtained.

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Komiyama, Kobayashi Study of visible light communication using RGB LED lights SICE annual conference 2011

D. Langer and J. Vucic , Optical Wireless Indoor Networks: Recent Implementation Efforts, Proc. ECOC, Torino, Italy, Sept. 2010.
H.Sugiyama, S.Haruyama, M.Nakagawa. Experimental investigation of modulation method for visible-light communications 2006. T. Komine and M. Nakagawa, Fundamental Analysis for Visible-Light Communication System using LED Lights, IEEE Tranaction on Consumer

Electronics, vol. 50, pp. 100107, February 2004.

D. OBrien et al.: Visible Light Communications: recent progress and challenges, 2008 IEEE.

Ramirez-Iniguez, R. ; Idrus, S. M. ; Sun, Z. (2008) Optical Wireless

Communications : IR for wireless connectivity CRC Press,USA.

VLCC website ; http://www.vlcc.net

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THANK YOU

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