Statistical analysis

Parametric Student t test Unpaired t test ANOVA Non parametric Chi Squared test Wilcoxan Rank sum test Wilcoxan signed rank test

Parametric Based on Data type Compares Quantitative Means

Non parametric Qualitative Percentage, proportions & fractions

Normal distribution Non normal

Paired t test

Parametric. 1 group 2 observations Before and after intervention Parametric 2 group 1observation Many groups 1 observation Non parametric Similar to Paired t test Non parametric 2 groups 1 observation

Mean Hb before and after fst tablets in a group Mean weight of two village children Mean height of 6 village females % of anemia before and after therapy with fst

Unpaired t test

ANOVA F test Sign test

Chi squared test

Wilcoxon rank sum test Mann Whitney U test

One of the most powerful of the nonparametric tests for comparing two populations. Null hypothesis- Two populations have identical distribution function Alternate hypothesis- Two distributions differ only with respect to location (median), if at all.

When normal distribution is questionable use Wilcoxan rank sum in place of Student t test
Used for ordinal data like TNM staging, severity of disease social classes etc

Kruskal Wallis test

Non parametric test Equivalent of ANOVA in parametric test 3 or more samples compared

Null hypothesis- All populations have identical distribution function

Alternate hypothesis- At least two of the samples differ only with respect to location (median), if at all. While analysis of variance tests depend on the assumption that all populations under comparison are normally distributed, the Kruskal-Wallis test places no such restriction on the comparison. It is a logical extension of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test.

Chi squared test

Non Parametric test (non normal distribution).
To compare datas and to see Goodness of Fit

Is the observation due to chance or is it FOR REAL

Compares Qualitative datas like percentages proportions fractions

Student t test
Parametric test Normal distribution Quantitative Compares mean median mode Paired and Unpaired

Kaplan Meier estimator

also known as the product limit estimator for estimating the survival function from lifetime data

it is often used to measure the fraction of patients living for a certain amount of time after treatment.

An important advantage of the KaplanMeier curve is that the method can take into account some types of censored data,

A typical application might involve grouping patients into categories, for instance, those with Gene A profile and those with Gene B profile. In the graph, patients with Gene B die much more quickly than those with gene A. After two years, about 80% of the Gene A patients survive, but less than half of patients with Gene B.

Log rank test

hypothesis test to compare the survival distributions of two samples It is widely used in clinical trials to establish the efficacy of a new treatment compared to a control treatment when the measurement is the time to event (such as the time from initial treatment to a heart attack).

Cox Proportional hazards regression model

Survival models relate the time that passes before some event occurs to one or more covariates

In a proportional hazards model, the unique effect of a unit increase in a covariate is multiplicative with respect to the hazard rate.
For example, taking a drug may halve one's hazard rate for a stroke occurring