PROJECT WORK ON

COLLING TOWER
GUIDED BY: MR. H.K.PATEL (L.M.E) MR. M.M.PATEL(L.M.E) PREPARED BY: NAME CHINMAY S PATEL HARSHIL.V SHAH BRIJESH.P.PATEL KAUSHAL A. TANDEL ENROLL.NO 106550319132 106550319122 106550319069 106550319080

Energy losses :Regardless of the type of system , be it open or closed, if it meets with any of the above problems, either the cooling tower nozzles are blocked resulting in reduced Delta T and/or the deposits/scales are formed on the heat transfer surfaces. Drift loss:Now a-days most of the end user specification calls for 0.02% drift loss.

Cooling Tower Fans

The purpose of a cooling tower fan is to move a specified quantity of air through the system, overcoming the system resistance which is defined as the pressure loss

Feet soft water plant inlet of a cooling tower. Use of Fibre reinforced plastic blade for Energy losses. Replacement of aluminum blades with light-weight FRP blades reduces the load on cooling tower fan motors & brings down energy consumption Change blade angle for drip loss. Use eliminator for drip loss Correct excessive and/or uneven fan blade tip clearance and poor fan balance. On old counter-flow cooling towers, replace old spray type nozzles with new square spray ABS practically non-clogging nozzles. Balance flow to cooling tower hot water basins.

Cooling towers are a very important part of many chemical plants. The primary task of a cooling tower is to reject heat into the atmosphere. They represent a relatively inexpensive and dependable means of removing low-grade heat from cooling water. The make-up water source is used to replenish water lost to evaporation. Hot water from heat exchangers is sent to the cooling tower. The water exits the cooling tower and is sent back to the exchangers or to other units for further codling. Typical closed loop cooling tower system is shown in Figure

 Range

:- This is the difference between the cooling tower water inlet and outlet temperature. Approach:- This is the difference between the cooling tower outlet coldwater temperature and ambient wet bulb temperature.

L(T1 T2) = G(h2 h1) L/G = (h2 h1) / (T1 T2)

Where: L/G = liquid to gas mass flow ratio (kg/kg) T1 = hot water temperature (0oC) T2 = cold-water temperature (0oC) h2 = enthalpy of air-water vapor mixture at exhaust wet-bulb temperature (same units as above) h1 = enthalpy of air-water vapor mixture at inlet wet-bulb temperature (same units as above)

Frame and casing: Support exterior enclosures Fill: Facilitate heat transfer by maximizing water / air contact Cold water basin: Receives water at bottom of tower Drift eliminators: Capture droplets in air stream Air inlet: Entry point of air Louvers: Equalize air flow into the fill and retain water within tower Nozzles: Spray water to wet the fill Fans: Deliver air flow in the tower

OBJECTIVE OF THE MODEL (To analyze how well an organization is positioned to achieve its intended objective Usage Improve the performance of a company Examine the likely effects of future changes within a company Align departments and processes during a merger or acquisition Determine how best to implement a proposed strategy

www.spxcooling.com www.retscreen.net www.wikipedia.com/cooling tower

REFERENCES BOOK

ASHRAE Handbook NPC Case Studies Bureau of Energy Efficiency