Muhammad Asad 11242 MBA-V C

Data Collection Methods

1. Interviews

2. Quentionnaires

3. Observational Studies

4. Projective Tests

5. Secondary Data

6. Focus Groups & Panels

1.1. Unstructured Interviews

2.1. Personally Administrated Questionnaires

Participant Observation

1.2. Structured Interviews

Mail Questionnaires

Nonparticipant Observation

1.3. Face to Face Interviews

1.4. Telephone Interviews

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Data can be collected in many ways, in different settings and from different sources Settings means natural or artificial environment Sources means primary data or secondary data

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Collecting data from respondents to obtain data on the issues of interest Respondents: The related persons Issues of interest: The cause for which research is conducted

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Undetermined questions For preliminary information Conducted to set some variables

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Predetermined question To get what is needed Same question from every respondent Based on unstructured interviews

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Adaption of questions Clarification of doubts Repeating or Rephrasing the questions Costly if respondents located in different countries Respondents can feel uneasy to face interviewer

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Saves time Cost effective Elimination of discomfort

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

A determined set of written questions to which respondents record their answers, usually within rather closely defined alternatives Efficient way of collecting data

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Questionnaires

Personally Administrated Questionnaire

Mail Questionnaires

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Good way to collect data locally Time saving Cost effective Scanner sheets can be used Large respondents can be contacted in short period of time Questionnaires can be filled after office hours.

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Questionnaire through mail Wide geographical area can be covered Easy for respondents Low rate of responses Doubts cannot be cleared

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Observation of respondents Collecting the data by the behaviors of respondents Without asking any question Movements, work habits, statements made and meetings conducted by respondents, facial expressions of joy, anger, body language can be observed Specially very helpful when respondents are children

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Researchers Role

Participant Observation

Non-participant Observation
By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Researcher works as an respondent at the place Actually becomes a part of the work team

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Without becoming a part of work team Researcher may sit in a corner, observe the employees doing their jobs for several days Physically presence of researcher at workplace for extended periods of time makes this technique very time consuming

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

To know the mind set of respondents towards related topic To know what do they think about it?

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Word Association Technique

Quickly association of first thing which comes in respondents minds
Example: Advance research methodology_____?

Thematic Apperception Tests

Making story after watching a picture

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

Data collected by someone other than the researcher conducting the current study Internal or external data of an organization can be accessed through computer or by visiting that organizations recorded or published information Secondary data may be collected for forecasting It is time and cost saving way Data may be outdated, may not fulfill current needs

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

For exploratory studies Focus Group=One time group sessions Panels=More than one time 8-10 randomly chosen members with a group leader Focus sessions are aimed at obtaining respondents impressions, interpretations and opinion regarding product or a strategy

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML

By: Muhammad Asad MBA, NUML